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VOLUME 4
THE SCALE OF WISDOM:
A Compendium of Shi’a Hadith
[Mizan al-Hikmah]
(Bilingual Edition)
[ARABIC-ENGLISH]
WWW.ALHASSANAIN.ORCt/ENCtLISH
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The Scale of Wisdom
A Compendium of Shi‘a Ha d it b
M Muhammadi Rayshahri
Translated by
N Virjcc, A Kadhim, M Dasht Bozorgi, Z Alsalami, A Virjee
Edited by
N Virjcc
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British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the
British Library
ISBN 978-1-904063-34-6 (hbk)
©ICAS Press, 2009
This edition first published in 2009
Published by
ICAS Press
133 High Road, Willcsden, London NW10 2SW
www.islamic-collcgc.ac.uk
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Table of Contents
324- j&sll...... 51
324. THINKING 51
1499 Jp ii-l 51
1499. ENCOURAGING THINKING 51
Notes 52
1500 -JUlUfsSLp ^ 53
1500. THERE IS NO WORSHIP LIKE THINKING 53
Notes 53
1501 - j£iJ! 54
1501. THAT WHICH PURIFIES THOUGHT 54
Notes 54
1502 -Up ^ J&&I 55
1502. PROHIBITED THINKING 55
Notes 55
325 -jA\ .................56
325. THE GRAVE 56
1503 JjEs JjT >131 56
1503. THE GRAVE THE FIRST STAGE OF THE HEREAFTER 56
Notes 57
1504 -j$\ JljA 58
1504. QUESTIONING IN THE GRAVE 58
Notes 58
1505 - j4Jl 2A4p 59
1505. PUNISHMENT IN THE GRAVE 59
Notes 59
326- Ja2Jl. .................60
326. KILLING 60
1506-^1 Ji 60
1506. THE PROHIBITION OF KILLING A SOUL [I.E. A HUMAN
BEING] 60
Notes 61
1507 -^1 $ 62
1507. KILLING OF A BELIEVER 62
Notes 63
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1508 - M 64
1508. THE PROHIBITION OF SUICIDE 64
Notes 64
327 - aTjfll 65
327. THE Quran........................ 65
1509 - jT^ (JUp 65
1509. ADHERE TO THE QUR'AN 65
Notes 66
1510 - IjlA jOj 'Jr j 68
1510. THE QUR'AN IS NEW IN EVERY ERA 68
Notes 68
jj
1511 - UJJj jTjJl flzf 69
1511. LEARNING AND TEACHING THE QUR'AN 69
Notes 69
1512 - dot j Jib- 70
1512. MEMORIZING THE QUR'AN AND THE ETIQUETTES OF
THOSE WHO MEMORISE IT 70
Notes 71
1513 - jJjil ij%: £d-\ 72
1513. URGING THE RECITATION OF THE QUR'AN 72
Notes 72
74
1514. RECITING THE QUR'AN WITH A GOOD VOICE 74
Notes 74
1515 - jp- 75
1515. THE REALITY OF RECITATION 75
Notes 75
1516-3^1 76
1516. ETIQUETTE OF RECITATION 76
1 - tl iJitr : 76
1. Cleaning of the mouth 76
2 - : 76
2. Seeking refuge 76
3-fep : 76
3. Recitation 76
4 - jJaSl : 76
4. Contemplation 77
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5 - U : 77
5. Humbleness 77
Notes 78
1517 - JiyUl 4&13 79
1517. THOSE WHOM THE QUR'AN CURSES 79
Notes 79
1518 - jji'i 80
1518. LISTENING TO THE QUR'AN 80
Notes 80
1519 - Jl ^ Jj JjxlJl 81
1519. CAUTION AGAINST PERSONAL INTERPRETATION 81
Notes 81
328 - 82
328. THOSE BROUGHT NEAR TO ALLAH..... 82
1520 - yjsl Jl i;lp 82
“A spring where those brought near [to Allah] drink.” 6 ■■■■■■■■■■■ 82
Notes 83
1521 - ill Jl jJSU L>$ 84
1521. THE NEAREST PEOPLE TO ALLAH 84
Notes 84
1522 - ill Jl % L. 85
1522. WHAT BRINGS ONE NEAR TO ALLAH 85
Notes 85
329-J*Jl\ .................87
329. THE LOAN 87
1523 - 87
1523. THE VIRTUE OF GIVING LOAN 87
Notes 88
1524 - 1 i J* id-1 90
1524. ENJOINMENT TO GIVE RESPITE TO ONE WHO IS UNABLE
TO PAY 90
Notes 90
330 - aUasii)h .91
330. ECONOMY 91
1525 - p-jll j ii-l 91
1525. ENCOURAGING AN ECONOMICAL LIVELIHOOD 91
Notes 92
1526-^1 j aL*irtl 93
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1526. THE ROLE OF ECONOMISING IN ONE'S NEEDLESSNESS 93
Notes 93
331 - 94
331. RETRIBUTION (qisas) 94
1527 - 94
1527. LEGISLATION OF RETRIBUTION AND ITS IMPORTANCE. . .
94
Notes 95
1528 jp jii. J! 97
1528. FORGIVING THE RETRIBUTION 97
Notes 97
332 - *U*Ji 98
332. DECREE AND DESTINY 98
1529- jaSJlj iUUl 98
1529. DECREE AND DESTINY 98
“ Indeed We have created everything in a measure 6 .................... 98
Notes 99
1530 - ^)\ j jL-JV1 P Pv3 101
1530. THE WRITING OF DECREE AND DESTINY FOR PEOPLE IN
THE WOMB 101
Notes 101
1531 - ^ oUu L. 102
1531. WHATEVER ALLAH DECREES FOR A BELIEVER IS GOOD
102
Notes 102
1532 - 103
1532. ONE WHO IS NOT CONTENT WITH THE DECREE 103
Notes 103
1533 - jiUt j* y* L. 104
1533. WHAT IS PART OF FATE 104
Notes 105
333 - *ua)i ................106
333. JUDGMENT (in a Court of Justice) ................106
1534 - jUaUl 106
1534. THE IMPORTANCE OF THE STATUS OF JUDGMENT 106
Notes 107
1535 - Jl fi'uJjl 108
1535. BRINGING A CASE FOR JUDGMENT BEFORE A TYRANT
108
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Notes 108
1536 - 109
1536. THE DANGER IN THE OCCUPATION OF A JUDGE 109
Notes 109
1537 - Ait 110
1537. SEEKING JUDGMENT 110
Notes 110
1538 - ACT Ill
1538. THE ETIQUETTE OF JUDGING Ill
ljy_ a " I : Ill
a. Equity Between Opposing Plaintiffs Ill
^ ygAl UblS"" jIa jl - : Ill
b. The Judge Should Not Raise His Voice over the Plaintiffs Ill
gl .,he\\ j ySAaj h! jt ■ ^ i ....... ..............Ill
c. Not Becoming Irritated Ill
\ju> Jjj ^ jt ” '5: Ill
d. Not Passing Judgment before Listening to Both Sides Ill
■ -N»tt j (LAl ~ jt ,,,,,, ,,,,,,, 1 12
e. Not Passing Judgment While Angry 112
^ A ■ J 112
f. Not Passing Judgment Whilst Being Overcome by Sleep 112
j AAp j\ A^2^ ^ jt _ j ..... 1 12
g. Not Passing Judgment While Hungry or Thirsty 112
ijA .ig j- 1 _b>-l i_a ../?j h! jl ” \ 112
h. Not Hosting Any of the Plaintiffs as a Guest 113
$5 S jt- A : 113
i. Not Suborning the Witnesses 113
Notes 113
1539 - SUiJl j* A til xJ A 115
1539. THE JUDGES WHOSE MISTAKES ALLAH REMEDIES .... 1 15
Notes 115
1540-?UlJl 116
1540. TYPES OF JUDGES 116
Notes 116
1541 - jAl oUJ 117
1541. JUST JUDGES 117
Notes 117
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1542 -5I14 tUUl 118
1542. JUDGING WITH CLEAR EVIDENCE 118
Notes 119
1543 - k/J- ill L.t : fUSfl jji ! 120
1543. THE SAYING OF Imam Ali: THIS IS INDEED LIKE A COURT
OF JUSTICE’ 120
Notes 120
334 - 121
334. THE HEART. ................121
1544 - Uil'l 121
1544. THE HEART 121
Notes 122
1545 - ylSJl 4*4- 123
1545. SOUNDNESS OF THE HEART 123
Notes 124
1546-y4iJl 125
1546. THE EYE OF THE HEART 125
Notes 125
1547 - y4Ul ill 126
1547. THE EAR OF THE HEART 126
Notes 126
1548 - jlil 127
1548. THE DRAWING NEAR AND THE TURNING AWAY OF THE
HEART 127
Notes 127
1549 - yiUl ojUi 128
1549. PURITY OF THE HEART 128
Notes 128
1550 - y4Ul 129
1550. EXPANDING OF THE HEART 129
“Did We not open your breast for you?” 4 ■■■■■■■■ ■■■■■■■■ .■■■■129
Notes 129
1551 - ylSJl 4^ 130
1551. THE VEIL OF THE HEART 130
Notes 130
1552 -yiUl Sj~J 131
1552. HARD-HEARTEDNESS 131
Notes 132
1553 - y4Ul ^ 133
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1553. SICKNESS OF THE HEART 133
Notes 133
1554 - ciSJl L. 134
1554. WHAT CURES THE HEART 134
Notes 134
1555 - CJSJI cJ.L. 135
1555. WHAT KILLS THE HEART 135
Notes 135
1556 - c4i!l ^4 L. 136
1556. WHAT REVIVES THE HEART 136
Notes 136
1557 - ciUl L. 137
1557. WHAT SOFTENS THE HEART 137
Notes 137
1558 - CiUl L. 138
1558. WHAT POLISHES THE HEART 138
Notes 138
335 - *uUs)l ..........139
335. EMULATION (taqlid) 139
1559 - li-Sl 139
1559. DISPARAGED EMULATION 139
Notes 139
1560 - 1*4 u* 140
1560. THOSE WHO ARE PERMITTED TO BE EMULATED 140
Notes 140
336 - jUill ................141
336. GAMBLING ..........141
1561 - jUiJl jp 141
1561. FORBIDING THE GAMBLING 141
Notes 142
337 - ................143
337. CONTENTMENT 143
1562 - 143
1562. THE VIRTUE OF CONTENTMENT 143
Notes 143
1563 - apUJi j L. 145
1563. WHAT BRINGS ABOUT CONTENTMENT 145
Notes 145
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1564 - pulii sp 146
1564. THE FRUIT OF CONTENTMENT 146
Notes 146
1565 - 148
1565. THOSE WHO ARE NOT CONTENT WITH THE LITTLE. . . . 148
Notes 148
338 ..........149
338. ARROGANCE................. .............149
1566 iJbJJl 149
1566. WARNING AGAINST ARROGANCE 149
Notes 149
1567 - jpl 151
1567. THE EXPLANATION OF ARROGANCE 151
Notes 152
1568 - j&M p 153
1568. REPREHENSIBILITY OF AN ARROGANT PERSON 153
Notes 153
1569 - jpl 154
1569. CURING ARROGANCE 154
Notes 155
1570 - jjpl op 156
1570. THE OUTCOME OF ARROGANCE 156
Notes 156
1571 - jpp J.I ^ 158
1571. THE ABODE OF THE ARROGANT 158
Notes 158
339 - ols£l». 159
339. WRITING 159
1572 - lUlpJl 159
1572. Writing 159
“By the Pen and what they write. ” 159
Notes 159
1573 - i—JlSiji 4jlxp! ............................................. 160
1573. Writing and the Personality OF THE WRITER 160
Notes 160
1574 - jU CLfi' Jlp ijL! 161
1574. ENJOINMENT OF WRITING KNOWLEDGE 161
Notes 161
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1575 - ELplj yJtSl L>\£ 162
1575. THE REWARD OF AUTHORSHIP AND WRITING 162
Notes 162
1576-??tpl dot 163
1576. THE ETIQUETTE OF WRITING 163
Notes 163
1577 - pip 164
1577. CORRESPONDENCE 164
Notes 164
340 - 165
340. CONCEALMENT ................165
1578 - jLef Ji- ls13l 165
1578. EMPHASISING THE CONCEALING OF SECRETS 165
Notes 166
1579 - 168
1579. PRAISE OF THE DISCREET WORSHIPPER 168
Notes 168
341 -yi&l. ................169
341. LYING........ ................169
1580 -yip y 169
1580. THE REPREHENSION OF LYING 169
Notes 170
1581 - 4»ip 171
1581. LYING AND FAITH 171
Notes 171
1582 - p p py yip 172
1582. LYING IS THE KEY TO ALL EVIL 172
Notes 172
1583 - py yip P ip >Sll 173
1583. THE COMMAND TO REFRAIN FROM LYING, BOTH
SERIOUSLY AND JESTINGLY 173
Notes 173
1584 - vJPl 174
1584. WHITE LIES 174
Notes 174
1585 - yip if 175
1585. THE CONSEQUENCE OF LYING 175
Notes 176
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1586 - yipl 178
1586. THE WORST OF LIES 178
Notes 178
1587 - yip jly- ijly 180
1587. INSTANCES WHERE LYING IS PERMITTED 180
Notes 180
1588 - kjp 181
1588. DISSEMBLANCE (TAWRIYA) 181
Notes 181
1589 - yJ&i 182
1589. LISTENING TO A LIE 182
Notes 182
342 ................183
342. NOBILITY 183
1590-^1 183
1590. THE VIRTUE OF NOBILITY 183
Notes 183
1591 isUl 184
1591. THE MORAL OF THE GENEROUS PEOPLE 184
Notes 185
1592 - JSUt yjJl. 187
1592. WHAT IS NOT REGARDED AS THE VIRTUES 187
Notes 187
1593 - A/ \ 188
1593. ENCOURAGING KINDNESS TOWARDS 188
Notes 188
1594 - fcu 189
1594. THE VIRTUE OF TREATING 189
Notes 190
1595 - % fS 191
1595. REPREHENSION OF REJECTING KINDNESS 191
Notes 191
1596 - yl!" \'f\ 192
1596. THE MOST HONOURABLE OF PEOPLE 192
Notes 192
1597 - \\/\ ylDl \\/\ 193
1597. HONOURING PEOPLE IS HONOURING 193
Notes 193
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343 - s — 194
343. EARNINGS ..194
1598 - 44*' 194
1598. THE BEST OF EARNINGS 194
Notes 194
1599 - 949 yiiSl J* <1^-1 195
1599. ENCOURAGEMENT OF EARNING 195
Notes 196
1600 - 1^4' 4~?l&' 197
1600. DISPARAGED EARNINGS 197
Notes 197
344 - ..........198
344. LAZINESS ................198
1601 198
1601. Laziness 198
Notes 199
345 - 200
345. DISBELIEF 200
1602 - 200
1602. CAUSES OF DISBELIEF 200
Notes 200
1603 - 201
1603. THE LOWEST LEVEL OF DISBELIEF 201
Notes 201
346 - otil&l ................202
346. RECOMPENSE ...................202
1604 - oL^L, otlUG dJ-l 202
Notes 203
1605 - ^ V Uj jtSl&l j ^ L. 204
1605. THAT WHICH SHOULD BE DONE AND 204
Notes 204
1606 - AiiA’l fS 205
1606. THE REPREHENSION OF REVENGE 205
Notes 205
1607 - 4W jiJJ iS 206
1607. AS YOU GIVE SO SHALL YOU GET 206
Notes 206
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347 -JLJ&ll.. 207
347. DUTY......... 207
1608 - *5)1 207
1608. DESCRIPTION OF DIVINE DUTY 207
Notes 207
1609 - V UiJ Si! ^ ^ 208
1609. ALLAH DOES NOT TASK ANY SOUL 208
Notes 208
348 - ..........209
348. SPEAKING ................209
1610 -(*>&! 209
1610. THE IMPORTANCE OF SPEAKING 209
Notes 210
1611 -^*141 iJbJjl 211
1611. WARNING OF OFFENSIVE SPEECH 211
Notes 211
1612 - V L. Js- dJ-\ 212
1612. Encouragement of Refraining from 212
Notes 212
1613 J fS 214
1613. THE CENSURE OF MEDDLESOME SPEECH 214
Notes 214
1614 -(*>&! >J^\ 215
1614. THE PROHIBITION OF SPEAKING 215
Notes 216
1615 - 218
1615. THE MERIT OF SPEAKING OVER SILENCE 218
Notes 218
1616 - J* o/^Jl L. 219
1616. THE MERIT OF SILENCE OVER SPEAKING 219
Notes 219
1617 221
1617. THE BEST OF SPEECH 221
Notes 221
1618 ^ 222
1618. THE MERIT OF KIND SPEECH 222
Notes 222
349 - JUiOl ................224
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349. PERFECTION 224
1619 - 01— jV' 224
1619. PERFECTION OF MAN 224
Notes 225
350 - ..........226
350. SAGACITY ................226
1620 - 2AL&I 226
1620. THE SIGN OF SAGACITY 226
Notes 227
351 - j-LlJl.. 228
351. CLOTHING.. ................228
1621 - ;uJY 228
1621. RECOMMENDED CLOTHES 228
Notes 228
1622 j SUa)fl 229
1622. ECONOMIZING IN CLOTHES 229
Notes 229
1623 - jJA 0L.J ^ 230
1623. THE BEST CLOTHING IN EVERY TIME 230
Notes 231
1624 - bL«Jl 232
1624. THE TURBAN 232
Notes 232
1625 - 233
1625. PROHIBITED CLOTHING 233
Notes 233
352 - 234
352. STUBBORNNESS ..........234
1626 - aAUJJI 234
1626. REPROACHING STUBBORNNESS 234
Notes 235
353 - 236
353. THE TONGUE .....236
1627 - jLJJl liJ 236
1627. THE VALUE OF THE TONGUE 236
Notes 236
1628 - jLJJ' ^ 238
1628. THE SAFETY OF A PERSON LIES 238
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Notes 239
354 -yIli 241
354. VAIN TALK ..........241
1629- jiiJl 241
1629. Vain Talk 241
Notes 242
355 - <OJl 243
355. MEETING ALLAH 243
1630 - ail y2L' i iy* 243
1630. YEARNING TO MEET ALLAH 243
Notes 244
356 - ^ ..........245
356. AMUSEMENT..................... ..........245
1631 - 245
1631. AMUSEMENT 245
Notes 245
1632 - ol/ 246
1632. THE EFFECTS OF AMUSEMENT 246
Notes 246
1633 - 4UV' 247
1633. FAITH AND AMUSEMENT 247
Notes 247
1634 - U 248
1634. AMUSEMENT OF BELIEVERS 248
Notes 248
1635 - Ul 4 249
1635. ASSOCIATING WITH THE DEBAUCHED 249
Notes 249
357 - Jpljill.. .............250
357. SODOMY ...250
1636 - JpljJJ! 250
1636. CAUTION AGAINST SODOMY 250
Notes 251
358 - JlwwVt 252
358. TESTING 252
1637 - 0U ^j\ 252
1637. Testing 252
Notes 253
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359 - 254
359. PRAISE... 254
1638 - fS 254
1638. THE CENSURE OF PRAISE 254
Notes 255
1639 - jJ U Ji-jJl 257
1639. PRAISING SOMEONE FOR QUALITIES 257
Notes 258
1640 - 259
1640. CAUTION AGAINST PRAISING AN 259
Notes 259
1641 - 260
1641. WARNING OF PRAISING ONESELF 260
Notes 260
360 - otjLl ..........261
360. WOMAN ................261
1642 - aJTj Up ill 261
1642. THE WORDS OF THE REPRESENTATIVE 261
Notes 262
1643 JU^ jL>- 264
1643. THE BEST CHARACTERISTICS OF WOMEN 264
Notes 264
1644 - of>l 265
1644. RIGHTEOUSE WOMEN 265
Notes 265
1645 - *L4)I 266
1645. THE PRAISE OF LOVING WOMEN 266
Notes 266
1646 - *L4J! fa 267
1646. The Censure of the Love OF WOMEN 267
Notes 267
361 - 3*^1 268
361. GALLANTRY 268
1647 - 5^" 268
1647. INTERPRETATION OF GALLANTRY 268
Notes 269
362 -ji’jJ.l 270
362. SICKNESS ..270
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1648 - (Xr 'jaA 270
1648. SOME REASONS BEHIND SICKNESS 270
Notes 270
1649 OUf 272
1649. CONCEALING ONE'S SICKNESS 272
Notes 272
1650 - ^ 273
1650. THE REPROACHING OF THOSE WHO DO NOT FALL SICK . .
273
Notes 273
1651 - 1 oSLp 274
1651. VISITING THE SICK 274
Notes 274
1652 -SiLAl dot 275
1652. ETIQUETTES OF VISITING THE SICK 275
Notes 275
363 - Uji.1 ................277
363. DISPUTATION ..........277
1653 - SjGTj *l>l fa 277
1653. THE CENSURE OF DISPUTAION AND ITS EFFECTS 277
Notes 278
364 ................279
364. JOKING ..........279
1654 - V-A' 279
1654. THE PRAISED JOKING 279
Notes 280
365 - dull ................281
365. SOVEREIGNTY ..........281
1656 -Aid dJU 281
1656. THE MASTER OF SOVEREIGNTY 281
Notes 281
1657 - Ikli- 282
1657. MIXING WITH KINGS 282
Notes 282
1658 - iAA jU- 283
1658. THE BEST OF KINGS 283
Notes 283
1659 - AjUJ ^.L. 284
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1659. WHAT IS APPROPRIATE FOR THE KINGS 284
Notes 284
366 - ................285
366. ANGELS ..........285
1660 - 1% 285
1660. THE CREATION OF ANGELS 285
Notes 285
1661 - Ilf 287
1661. THE DESCRIPTION OF THE ANGELS 287
Notes 287
1662 - SkbLl 288
1662. THE GUARDIAN ANGELS 288
Notes 288
1663 - I j' 290
1663. HOUSES THAT ANGELS DO NOT ENTER 290
Notes 290
367 - CJjLl ................291
367. DEATH....... ................291
1664 291
1664. Death 291
Notes 292
1665 - 293
1665. HAVING CERTAINTY IN DEATH 293
Notes 294
1666-J^jil 295
1666. COMING CLOSE TO DEPARTING 295
Notes 295
1667 - ojJ.1 V~iJ 296
1667. INTERPRETATION OF DEATH 296
Notes 296
1668 ly 298
1668. THE DEATH OF A BELIEVER 298
Notes 298
1669 -o>U jTi 300
1669. REMEMBRANCE OF DEATH 300
Notes 301
1670 - ojAU iLuy-Y 302
1670. PREPARING FOR DEATH 302
Notes 303
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1671 -ojU g 304
1671. WISHING FOR DEATH 304
Notes 304
1672 - ojJ.1 305
1672. THE AGONY OF DEATH 305
Notes 305
1673 - o>JJ aAl/'iL 307
1673. THE REASON FOR [MAN'S] DESPISAL OF DEATH 307
Notes 307
1674 - fSLJ! ij aJTj Up &\ JU* *JS\ $£ 308
1674. THE APPEARANCE OF THE PROPHET AND THE Imams TO
A DYING PERSON 308
Notes 308
1675 -SUJJI 310
1675. SUDDEN DEATH 310
Notes 310
1676 - ojOsU UU 311
1676. ATTENDING FUNERAL PROCESSIONS 311
Notes 311
1677 -c4' 313
1677. BURRYING THE DEAD 313
Notes 313
1678 - OjU 0L*jV' <42 G 314
1678. WHAT FOLLOWS A PERSON AFTER HIS DEATH 314
Notes 314
368 - Jill 315
368. WEALTH 315
1679- ol^iJl oaL. Jill 315
1679. WEALTH IS THE SUBSTANCE OF DESIRES 315
Notes 315
1680- Jill UA JUT 317
1680. THE EFFECTS OF LOVING WEALTH 317
Notes 317
1681 - JSU-I Jill 4 J- 318
1681. LOVE FOR LAWFUL WEALTH 318
Notes 318
1682 - Jill jjsffa 319
1682. REPROACHING OF EXCESSIVE WEALTH 319
Notes 320
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1683 - aL 0 y. Vl. ^ 321
1683. HE WHO ACQUIRES WEALTH FROM ILLEGITIMATE
SOURCES 321
Notes 321
1684 - Slit L. Jill 323
1684. WEALTH IS WHAT BENEFITS MEN 323
Notes 324
369 - SiUlt 325
369. PROPHETHOOD (1) ................325
General Prophethood 325
1685 - oil" fcLJfi 325
1685. THE PHILOSOPHY OF PROPHETHOOD 325
1 - ^.l£3l 325
1. Perfection 325
2 - 0j OL-iV' 325
2. Saving Mankind from the Rule of Tyrants 325
3 - 326
3. Purifying Morals 326
4 - ^LS 326
4. Establishing Equity Among People 326
5 - 0 ; 327
5. Lifting Differences 327
6 - aASU ^lil 327
6. Completing the Proof [against them] 327
Notes 328
1686 - ^ i>L^t 329
1686. CATEGORIES OF PROPHETS (AS) 329
Notes 329
1687 - fSLJ! jhjAp Sop 331
1687. THE NUMBER OF PROPHETS (AS) 331
Notes 331
1688 - ^ p>Jl ^ 332
1688. THE ARCH-PROPHETS (ULu AL-AZM) 332
Notes 332
1689 - rSLJl pfeip 334
1689. SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROPHETS (AS) ..334
Notes 335
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370 - ojUl» (2) 336
370. PROPHETHOOD (2) 336
Specific Prophethood 336
1690 - r*UJ! Up fST 336
1690. Adam (AS) 336
Notes 337
1691 - fSLJl Up ^ I 339
1691. ENOCH [IDRiS] (AS) 339
Notes 339
1692 - flU! Up 340
1692. NOAH (AS) [Nuh] 340
OTydl (3 ^SUJl U_p a i ■ ^ 3 ;4)L>* aixj 341
His story in the Quran Sending him as a Prophet with a Message . . . 341
aj^pS (j ^“AUl Up 342
His Effort in Propagation 342
j Up a11! 342
Staying Among his People 342
diliil fSLJl Up aCL> 342
Making the Ark 342
Jjjj 342
The Descent of Punishment and the Starting of the Flood 342
Ut- Aji* Ajjjjy iU 343
Fulfilling of the Command and his Descent onto the Ground with those
Accompanying him 343
Notes 343
1693 -fSLJ! Up 345
1693. HuD (AS) 345
ilp a ..A ojLi| ■■■■■■■ 346
Details of the Story of Hud and his People and Ad 346
Notes 346
1694 - fSLJ! Up ^ 348
1694. SaLIh (AS) 348
Uii ojU] 348
Details of the Story of Salih and his People, Thamud 348
Notes 350
1695 -fSLJl Up 351
1695. ABRAHAM (AS) [Ibrahim] 351
27
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jTriJl j Up 352
The Story of Abraham (AS) in the Holy Quran 352
Notes 355
1696 -rbLJ! Up 356
1696. LOT (AS) [Lut] 356
Up ojLid 356
Details of the Story of Lot and his People 356
Notes 358
1697 - ^bUJl L_gAp jj UjJUj 360
1697. JACOB AND JOSEPH (AS) [YAQuB AND YuSUF] 360
Notes 361
1698 - fbUJ! Up Ujf 362
1698. JOB (AS) [AYYUB] 362
Notes 363
1699 - rbLJ! Up Uui 364
1699. SHUAYB (AS) 364
jl o'] jji]\ (3 ^bUJl Up iwUj 4^23 ,,,,,,,, 364
Details of the Story of Shuayb and his People in the Holy Quran ... 364
Notes 366
1700 - ^“AUl L-gJp jjjiAj 367
1700. MOSES AND AARON (AS) (Musa AND HaRuN) 367
L_gJp- 368
Details of the Story of Moses and Aaron (AS) 368
Notes 371
1701 - fbUJl L^Ip pd-\j ^ j j. 373
1701. MOSES AND KHIDR (AS) 373
jTylSl Q L_gJp “44s 374
The Story of Moses and Khidr in the Quran 374
Notes 376
1702 - 44^ ^ Jph'J 377
1702. ISHMAEL B. HAZQIL (AS) 377
Notes 378
1703 - rbLJ! Up 379
1703. ELISHA (AS) [AL-YASA] 379
Notes 379
1704 - fbLJl Up Ji&l 380
1704. DHU'L KIFL (AS) 380
Notes 380
28
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1705 a4p ijjb 381
1705. DAVID (AS) [DAWUD] 381
Notes 383
1706 - fSLJ! a4p OlUL 384
1706. SOLOMON (AS) [SULAYMAN] 384
Notes 387
1707 a4p 'C/j 388
1707. ZACHARIAS (AS) [ZAKARIYYA] 388
Notes 388
1708 - fSLJ! Jp ^ 389
1708. JOHN THE BAPTIST (AS) [YAHYA] 389
Notes 390
1709 - fSLJ! Up ^~p 391
1709. JESUS (AS) [ISa] 391
eTytsi ei up ^*^*p vu 393
The Story of Jesus and his Mother in the Quran 393
Notes 396
1710 - fSUJ! ULJ 397
1710. IRMIYA (AS) 397
Notes 398
1711 - fSLJl Up ^ 399
1711. JONAH (AS) [YuNUS] 399
fSLJ! Up aUi d 399
Details of the Story of Jonah (AS) 399
Notes 401
371 - (3) oj4i'» ................402
371. PROPHETHOOD (3) ............402
Muhammad the Messenger of Allah 402
1712 - aJ I j Up aw I aw I 402
1712. Muhammad, THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH (SAWA) 402
Notes 403
1713 - dij a4p aIiI oibJl 404
1713. THE SEAL OF THE PROPHETS 404
Notes 404
1714 - aJ aJp awI ofU ^Ip aJ aJ_p awI -b-^- 405
1714. Muhammad (SAWA) IN THE WORDS OF Muhammad (SAWA)
HIMSELF 405
Notes 406
29
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1715 - fWJl Up jlU Jlp aJTj Up ill ^ Jui 407
1715. Muhammad (SAW A) IN THE WORDS OF Ali (AS) 407
Notes 408
17 16 - dTj Up &\ UA sJL-j UJlp 409
1716. THE UNIVERSALITY OF THE MESSAGE OF Muhammad
(SAWA) 409
Notes 409
1717 - S>l VA 410
1717. THE BEST FAMILY AMONG ALL PEOPLE 410
Notes 410
1718 - dTj Up a«I J (ipU 411
1718. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROPHET (SAWA) 411
1 -^JiP 411
1 . A Great Character 411
2-oJ 412
2. Trustworthy 412
3 - jalp 413
3. Just 413
4 -pbU 413
4. Courageous 413
5 413
5. Compassionate 413
6-pM- 414
6. Tolerant 414
I -Uf- 414
7. Shy 414
8 414
8. Humble 414
415
9. Relier [on Allah] 415
10-jyU 416
10. Patient 416
II - ANj 416
11. Ascetic 416
1 2 - dij Up" 1 ^1p ^ A] 418
12. Preferring Others Over Himself and his Family 418
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13 - J aJTj <Jlp 4)1 418
13. Never Being Angry for Himself 418
14 - oiLjtll (j aJTj a4p dill “U»uii iLgj>4 419
14. Exhausting Himself in Worship 419
Notes 419
372 - ..........422
372. THE STARS ................422
1719 -(^1 422
1719. THE SCIENCE OF THE STARS [ASTRONOMY] 422
Notes 423
373- jJuil ..........425
373. THE VOW ................425
1720 - iWjl 425
1720. The Vow 425
Notes 425
1721 - 427
1721. THE [DIVINE] DISAPPROVAL OF MAKING SOMETHING
OBLIGATORY UPON ONESELF 427
Notes 427
374 - ..........428
374. ADVISING ................428
1722 Jp isU 428
1722. ENJOINMENT OF ADVICE 428
Notes 429
1723 -^fQ\ i&Z 430
1723. THE SIGNS OF AN ADVISER 430
Notes 430
1724 - Js. dJ-\ 432
1724. ENJOINMENT OF ACCEPTING ADVICE 432
Notes 432
375 - .............433
375. FAIRNESS ..........433
1725 - -IsM 433
1725. Enjoinment of Fairness 433
Notes 433
1726 - V cs jidil 435
1726. ENJOINMENT OF FAIRNESS TOWARDS THOSE WHO ARE
NOT FAIR 435
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Notes 435
1727 - 436
1727. FAIRNESS IN SPITE OF ONESELF 436
Notes 436
1728 - S & 438
1728. THOSE WHO ARE NOT FAIR 438
Notes 438
376 439
376. SIGHT........ ................439
1729 - ylSJl ty OyO' 439
1729. THE EYE IS THE SCOUT OF THE HEART 439
Notes 439
1730 - i'Ui 440
1730. THE EYES ARE THE SNARES OF THE DEVIL 440
Notes 440
1731 - SaU Jl jliSlI i/J 442
1731. THOSE WHOM LOOKING AT THEM IS CONSIDERED
WORSHIP 442
Notes 442
1732 - >2' ii-l 443
1732. ENJOINMENT OF LOWERING ONE'S GAZE 443
Notes 444
1733 - kjl3! ij (kA J/Sfl ojJaiJ! 445
1733. THE FIRST GLANCE IS A MISTAKE AND THE SECOND IS
INTENTIONAL 445
Notes 445
1734 ji 446
1734. HE WHO SEES A WOMAN THAT PLEASES HIM 446
Notes 446
377 - 447
377. DEBATE 447
1735 -ojklJJ 447
1735. Debate 447
Notes 447
1736 - Jl oUS jiS CL«Y 449
1736. THE IMAM’S ANSWER TO ONE WHO INVITED HIM TO
DEBATE 449
Notes 449
378 - 450
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378. CLEANLINESS 450
1737 - tfUaSJl 450
1737. ENJOINMENT OF CLEANLINESS 450
Notes 451
1738 - jSUaDl ja jiJbJjl 453
1738. WARNING AGAINST UNCLEANLINESS 453
Notes 453
379 - inuJl 455
379. BOUNTIES... ................455
1739 V & ft 455
1739. THE BOUNTIES OF ALLAH CANNOT BE ENUMERATED 455
Notes 455
1740 - jp 4L&J! 457
1740. NEGLIGENCE OF BOUNTIES 457
Notes 457
1741 458
1741. EMBRACING BOUNTIES 458
Notes 458
1742 - jSlJt ili? L. 459
1742. THAT WHICH CAUSES BOUNTIES TO REMAIN 459
Notes 460
1743 - £*31 462
1743. CONSECUTIVE SUCCESSION OF BOUNTIES AND
GRADUAL BAITING [FOR CHASTISEMENT] 462
Notes 462
t & a
1744 - *ii I ‘Ujcj jjxiJl 464
1744. PROCLAIMING ABOUT THE BOUNTIES OF ALLAH 464
Notes 464
1745 -2^411 fli 466
1745. THE COMPLETION OF BOUNTIES 466
Notes 466
380 - ..........467
380. THE SOUL ..........467
1746-ojl^l 467
1746. THE CARNAL SOUL THAT PROMPTS TO EVIL 467
Notes 467
1747 - tsijiJl 468
1747. THE SELF-REPROACHING SOUL 468
“And I swear by the self-blaming soul!” 2 ■■■■■■■ ■■■■■■ 468
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Notes 468
1748 - 469
1748. TEACHING THE SOUL, DISCIPLINING IT AND PURIFYING
IT469
Notes 470
1749 wl/jllT 471
1749. THE EFFECTS OF A NOBLE SOUL 471
Notes 471
381 - JloJl .......... ..........472
381. HYPOCRISY ................472
1750 - eSLilll 472
1750. HYPOCRISY 472
Notes 472
1751 Up 473
1751. THE DESCRIPTION OF A HYPOCRITE 473
Notes 475
1752 - til* 476
1752. THE MOST OBVIOUS HYPOCRITES 476
Notes 476
1753 - iJbJjl 477
1753. CAUTION AGAINST THE ELOQUENT HYPOCRITE 477
Notes 477
1754 - S.I W 478
1754. THE DESCRIPTION OF THE RESURRECTION OF
HYPOCRITES AND THEIR END 478
Notes 478
1755 - JUl'6 AAJu L. 479
1755. WHAT ERADICATES HYPOCRISY 479
Notes 479
382 - 480
382. SPENDING (in Charity) 480
1756 - JL^V' 480
1756. THE VIRTUE OF SPENDING 480
Notes 481
1757 - JUY 483
1757. THE BLESSING OF SPENDING IN HIS WAY 483
Notes 484
1758 - 4J U iliJ'Y 485
1758. SPENDING OUT OF WHAT YOU LOVE 485
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Notes 485
1759 - <3 ^ (j yi4 1 486
1759. HE WHO DOES NOT SPEND IN OBEDIENCE OF ALLAH
SPENDS IN HIS DISOBEDIENCE 486
Notes 486
1760 - 0-\ JU4 487
1760. THE VIRTUE OF THE CHARITY GIVEN BY ONE WHO IS
HIMSELF STRAITENED 487
Notes 487
1761 ji 488
1761. THOSE WHOSE SPENDING [IN CHARITY] IS NOT
ACCEPTED 488
Notes 488
383 490
383. TALEBEARING................ ..........490
1762 - 1 490
1762. CAUTION AGAINST TALEBEARING 490
Notes 490
1763 - jgUiJl fS 492
1763. REPROACHING TALEBEARING 492
Notes 492
384 - ................493
384. SUPEREROGATORY PRAYERS......... ...................493
1764 - rfilUl 493
1764. THE VIRTUE OF SUPEREROGATORY PRAYERS 493
Notes 493
1765 - JiljSl J Lp 494
1765. PRECEDENCE OF THE OBLIGATORY PRAYERS OVER THE
SUPEREROGATORY 494
Notes 494
385 - jjUl ................495
385. THE LIGHT ................495
1766 - jy 495
1766. THE LIGHT OF INSIGHT 495
Notes 495
1767 - 4^1 jyj jy 497
1767. THE LIGHT OF THE HEART AND THE LIGHT OF THE FACE
497
Notes 497
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1768 - jy ^ 498
1768. THERE IS A LIGHT FOR EVERYTHING GOOD 498
Notes 498
1769 - WLjJl j jy 499
1769. THE LIGHT ON THE DAY OF RESURRECTION 499
Notes 499
386 - ..........500
386. PEOPLE...... .............500
1770 - ,>131 500
1770. PEOPLE 500
Notes 500
1771 - jy&l j ^13! cSjLJ 501
1771 . THE EQUALITY OF PEOPLE IN RIGHTS 501
Notes 501
1772 - ^131 ja 502
1772. THOSE WHO ARE NOT CONSIDERED AS PEOPLE [HUMAN]
502
Notes 502
1773 - wS[» jy^» 503
1773. THE EXPLANATION OF THE WORD 'OPPORTUNIST' 503
Notes 503
387 - fj3l .............504
387. SLEEP ..........504
1774 -fj3l 504
1774. SLEEP 504
Notes 504
1775 - ^ JiJbJjl 505
1775. CAUTION AGAINST EXCESSIVE SLEEP 505
Notes 505
1776 - *UfJl Ji pyJl j 507
1776. THE ASCENSION OF SPIRITS TO THE SKY DURING SLEEP .
507
Notes 507
1777 - 4»bT 508
1777. THE ETIQUETTES OF SLEEPING 508
1 - iillaSJl : 508
1. CLEANLINESS 508
2 - JI : 508
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2. Purity 508
3-^1 508
3. Relieving Oneself before Sleeping 508
4 - : 509
4. TAKING ACCOUNT OF ONESELF 509
5 - fji\ jlp {.IpjJIj : 509
5. RECITING [THE QUR'AN] AND SUPPLICATING AT BEDTIME
509
6 - ^ : 510
6. SLEEPING ON ONE’S BACK OR SIDE 510
7 - oLiVl jlp tuljl ; 510
7. SUPPLICATION WHEN WAKING UP 510
Notes 510
388- 33. ..512
388. INTENTION ..512
1778 - Ja*JI j jji 512
Notes 512
1779 - jiLSJl j 3gJl 514
1779. THE ROLE OF INTENTION IN THE HEREAFTER 514
Notes 514
1780 - jj3-l g 2U2 515
1780. THE REWARD OF AN INTENTION TO DO GOOD 515
Notes 516
1781 - j* 5^ ^jj.1 li 517
1781. THE INTENTION OF THE BELIEVER IS BETTER THAN HIS
ACTION 517
Notes 517
1782 J 3^^' 3~Jl J* 518
1782. ENJOINMENT OF RIGHTEOUS INTENTIONS IN
EVERYTHING 518
Notes 518
1783 - 3$' 519
1783. GOOD INTENTION 519
Notes 519
1784 - 3^1 ij- 520
1784. BAD INTENTION 520
Notes 520
389 - ......521
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389. MIGRATION 521
1785 -O^il fap 521
1785. MIGRATION SHOULD CONTINUE 521
Notes 521
1786 523
1786. THE BEST MIGRATION 523
Notes 523
1787 - ^ jp S>il 524
1787. THE NECESSITY OF MIGRATING FROM PLACES
[POPULATED WITH] SINNERS 524
Notes 524
1788 - a*? ^S\ 525
1788. PROHIBITION OF RETURNING TO [A STATE OF]
RENEGATION AFTER HAVING MIGRATED [TO BELIEF] (AL-
TAARRUB BAD AL-HIJRA) 525
Notes 525
390 - ..........527
390. DESERTION. .............527
1789 - yp j. -will 527
1789. WARNING AGAINST DESERTION 527
Notes 528
1790 - L-jSL ijji ,jp 529
1790. THE PROHIBITION OF FORSAKING A BROTHER FOR
MORE THAN THREE DAYS 529
Notes 530
391 - iULil ...................531
391. GUIDANCE.. ...................531
1791 - 1SLJI yW' h\jJ>\ 531
1791. GENERAL DIVINE GUIDANCE 531
Notes 531
1792 - aJlailj. 532
1792. LIVING WITH GUIDANCE 532
Notes 532
1793 - cloil vlji 533
1793. THE REWARD FOR GUIDANCE 533
Notes 533
1794 - aJlail >1^0 534
1794. GUIDANCE BEING EXCLUSIVELY FROM ALLAH 534
Notes 534
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1795 - 3>l fej+l 535
1795. THOSE WHOM ALLAH GUIDES 535
Notes 535
392 - S3jiAi 536
392. THE GIFT......................... ................536
1796 Jp id-1 536
1796. ENCOURAGING GIVING GIFTS 536
Notes 536
1797 - JlXAJl UJLi 1 537
1797. THE PROHIBITION OF GIFTS TO ADMINISTRATORS .... 537
Notes 537
1798 - JJ ^ 538
1798. PROHIBITION OF ACCEPTING GIFTS FROM POLYTHEISTS
538
Notes 538
1799 - JjJ Ji. id-1 539
1799. ENJOINMENT OF ACCEPTING A GIFT 539
Notes 539
1800 - aA* j aiUJl 540
1800. TAKING BACK ONE'S GIFT 540
Notes 540
393 -fjll. ................541
393. OLD AGE ..........541
1801 - 541
1801. SENILITY 541
Notes 541
1802 - -up OLjY j 542
1802. WHAT BREAKS OUT IN A HUMAN WHEN HE BECOMES
SENILE [IN OLD AGE] 542
Notes 542
1803 - AJ'jt pjll 543
1803. WHAT BRINGS ABOUT SENILITY BEFORE ITS TIME .... 543
Notes 543
394 - 544
394. DESTRUCTION...... ..........544
1804-ibfcil A^-jy L. 544
1804. WHAT BRINGS ABOUT DESTRUCTION 544
Notes 545
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395 - .... 546
395. AMBITION 546
1805 -liil 546
1805. THE VIRTUE OF HIGH AMBITION 546
Notes 546
1806 - aiil p- ol/ 547
1806. THE BENEFITS OF HIGH AMBITION 547
Notes 547
1807 - aiil 548
1807. LOW AMBITION 548
Notes 548
1808 - oJlV ja 549
1808. HE WHOSE SOLE CONCERN IS HIS STOMACH 549
Notes 549
396 - ^ . ..........550
396. THE DESIRE ................550
1809-^*11^1 550
1809. DESIRE IS A WORSHIPPED GOD 550
Notes 550
1810 - ^ U-JI JA 551
1810. WARNING AGAINST FOLLOWING DESIRE 551
Notes 551
1811 UV JUT 553
1811. THE EFFECTS OF YIELDING TO ONE'S DESIRES 553
Notes 554
1812- ^jil i-te 556
1812. OPPOSING ONE’S DESIRES 556
Notes 557
1813- tfjil 558
1813. OVERPOWERING DESIRE 558
Notes 558
1814 - Ja 560
1814. THE MOST COURAGEOUS OF PEOPLE IS HE WHO
OVERCOMES HIS DESIRES 560
Notes 560
1815 - ojgJlJ! 561
1815. THAT WHICH WEAKENS CARNAL DESIRES 561
Notes 561
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1816 - 563
1816. HE WHO OVERCOMES HIS DESIRES 563
Notes 563
397 - 565
397. INHERITANCE ................565
1817 - ijV' 565
1817. INHERITANCE 565
Notes 566
1818 - OjV' 567
1818. THOSE WHO ARE DEPRIVED OF INHERITANCE 567
Notes 567
1819- *1^1 ijl 568
1819. INHERITANCE OF PROPHETS 568
Notes 568
398 - 0S ..........570
398. PIETY ................570
1820- ^1 friu 570
1820. THE VIRTUE OF PIETY 570
Notes 570
1821 - gjji\ ojc 572
1821. THE FRUIT OF PIETY 572
Notes 572
1822 - oSLjJI j 573
1822. THE ROLE OF PIETY IN WORSHIP 573
Notes 573
1823 - 574
1823. INTERPRETATION OF PIETY 574
Notes 574
1824 -^iy 576
1824. THE MOST PIOUS OF PEOPLE 576
Notes 576
399-OljAl 577
399. THE SCALE 577
1825 - 577
1825. SCALES OF DEEDS 577
Notes 578
400 - ■■■■■■■■■■■ 579
400. DEVILISH MISGIVINGS 579
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1826 - JtfliiJl j li.3-.3ll 579
1826. MISGIVINGS IN MATTERS OF BELIEF 579
Notes 579
1827 - 0 5C/2JI3 ij 580
1827. CAUTION AGAINST DOUBTS IN ABLUTION AND
PRAYERS 580
Notes 581
1828 -^1^311 582
1828. THE TREATMENT OF DEVILISH MISGIVINGS 582
Notes 582
401 - SL-ljll... ..........584
401. Consolation .■■■■■■■■■■■. ■■■■■■■ .■■■■■■■■■■■■584
1829 - olV_yJ J* ii-l 584
1829. ENCOURAGING CONSOLATION 584
Notes 585
402 - ................586
402. THE WILL... ................586
1830 -3^311 Jp dJ-\ 586
1830. ENCOURAGING TO MAKE A WILL 586
Notes 586
1831 - 4^311 j j\^\ >J^\ 588
1831. FORBIDDING CAUSING DAMAGES AND LOSSES IN ONE’S
WILL 588
Notes 588
403 - ................589
403. ABLUTION ..........589
1832 -i^jJ! 589
1832. Ablution 589
Notes 590
1833 - ^jll lip 591
1833. THE REASON FOR ABLUTION 591
Notes 591
1834 jbT 592
1834. THE EFFECTS OF ABLUTION 592
Notes 592
1835 - j^jJl 593
1835. THE VIRTUE OF FREQUENT AND ABUNDANT ABLUTION .
593
Notes 593
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1836 - 594
1836. RENEWAL OF ABLUTION 594
Notes 594
404 - 595
404. HUMBLENESS................. ................595
1837 Js- dJ-\ 595
1837. ENCOURAGING HUMBLENESS 595
Notes 596
1838 - ja 597
1838. SOME OF THE SIGNS OF HUMBLENESS 597
Notes 597
1839 - Sji 598
1839. THE FRUIT OF HUMBLENESS 598
Notes 599
1840 - iULJ L. 600
1840. MEANS TO ACQUIRE HUMBLENESS 600
Notes 600
1841 -£>\p\ $£■ 601
1841. LIMITS OF HUMBLENESS 601
Notes 601
405 - jkjJl ................602
405. THE HOMELAND ...................602
1842 - jW'i L±- 602
1842. PATRIOTISM 602
Notes 602
1843 - jkJi jp 603
1843. DEFENDING ONE’S HOMELAND 603
Notes 603
1844 - 604
1844. SEPARATION FROM ONE’S HOMELAND 604
Notes 604
406 - ..605
406. THE PROMISE ..605
1845 ill % 605
1845. THE PROMISE OF ALLAH IS TRUE 605
Notes 605
1846 - jp 606
1846. THE PROMISE IS A DEBT 606
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Notes 606
1847 - AaI 607
1847. THE PROMISE IS ONE OF TWO TYPES 607
Notes 607
1848 - JipjJ! ^ ^ L. 608
1848. WHAT SHOULD NOT BE PROMISED 608
Notes 608
1849 - OlA fS 609
1849. REPROACHING THE BREAKING OF A PROMISE 609
Notes 609
407 - AkPjlt. ..........610
407. EXHORTATION .............610
1850 - yilil ilS- j jjS 610
Notes 610
1851 611
1851. TYPES OF EXHORTERS 611
Notes 612
1852 613
1852. THERE IS EXHORTATION IN EVERYTHING 613
Notes 613
1853 - 4»bT 614
1853. ETIQUETTES OF EXHORTATION 614
Notes 614
1854 - 615
1854. THE PERSONAL EXHORTER 615
Notes 615
1855 -3%^ S 616
1855. THOSE WHO DO NOT BENEFIT FROM EXHORTATION . . 616
Notes 616
1856 - -MJ-' ^ %'j/1 617
1856. THE EXHORTER WHO HIMSELF IS NOT EXHORTED .... 617
Notes 617
1857 - jLJJ' ojpaJl 619
1857. THE SILENT PROPAGATION 619
Notes 619
408 - Jjijsll 620
408. SUCCESS (tawfiq). ................620
1858 - jbyJl 620
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1858. SUCCESS 620
Notes 621
1859-^jjMj 622
1859. SUCCESS AND FAILURE 622
Notes 623
409 ..624
409. LOYALTY ................624
1860 - 4^9 *^1 Jk ii-l 624
1860. ENCOURAGING OF LOYALTY 624
Notes 625
410 - jlajJl ..........626
410. SOLEMNITY .............626
1861 - jlUJ' Jp 626
1861. ENCOURAGING OF SOLEMNITY 626
Notes 626
1862 - ol>r 627
1862. WHAT BRINGS ABOUT SOLEMNITY 627
Notes 627
411 - ................628
411. GODWARINESS ...................628
1863 - 628
1863. THE VIRTUE OF GODWARINESS 628
Notes 630
1864 - 632
1864. GODWARINESS IS THE KEY TO NOBLENESS 632
Notes 634
1865 -^1 635
1865. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GODWARY 635
Notes 637
1866 - L. 638
1866. WHAT HINDERS GODWARINESS 638
Notes 638
1867 & 639
1867. THE REALITY OF GODWARINESS 639
Notes 639
1868 - 640
1868. EXPLANATION OF GODWARINESS 640
Notes 640
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1869-^1 Js\ 641
1869. THE MOST GOD WARY OF PEOPLE 641
Notes 641
412 - 642
412. DISSIMULATION (taqiyya) ................642
1870 - 1 -0\ 642
1870. LEGISLATION OF DISSIMULATION AND INSTANCES IT
SHOULD BE OBSERVED 642
Notes 643
1871 - '0\ jjU J* 644
1871. PROHIBITION OF SURPASSING THE SITUATIONS
[CALLING] FOR DISSIMULATION 644
Notes 645
413 - 646
413. TRUST (IN ALLAH) ...................646
1872 - jlpl' fcu 646
1872. THE VIRTUE OF TRUST (IN ALLAH) 646
Notes 646
1873 - jfpJl 648
1873. THE EXPLANATION OF TRUST 648
Notes 649
1874- JSpJl 650
1874. THE FRUIT OF TRUST [IN ALLAH] 650
Notes 651
1875 - L>*\ 652
1875. THE ETIQUETTE OF TRUST 652
Notes 653
1876 -ill Jl JCCjY 654
1876. RELYING ON OTHER THAN ALLAH 654
Notes 654
414 - oJjJlj jJljll ................655
414. PARENT AND CHILD 655
1877 - aJp 655
1877. THE VIRTUE OF HAVING CHILDREN 655
Notes 655
1878 - 4J3JI 656
1878. THE TRIAL OF HAVING A CHILD 656
Notes 656
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1879 - aJp! LJ~ 657
1879. LOVING CHILDREN 657
Notes 657
1880 658
1880. ACTING CHILDISHLY FOR CHILDREN 658
Notes 658
1881 659
1881. THE RIGHTEOUS CHILD 659
Notes 659
1882 -oLLil 661
1882. PROHIBITION OF HATING GIRLS 661
Notes 661
1883 - *^1 jy. tjaiJl Jp 662
1883. ENJOINMENT OF JUSTICE BETWEEN CHILDREN 662
Notes 662
1884 - Jl Jp Aj-I 663
1884. ENJOINMENT OF BEING GOOD TO ONE'S PARENTS 663
Notes 664
1885 - .x*j Jp 2u44 665
1885. ENJOINMENT OF BEING GOOD TO ONE’S PARENTS [EVEN]
AFTER THEIR DEATH 665
Notes 665
1886 - cloit cJ-%4- 1 666
1886. HEAVEN IS UNDER THE FEET OF THE MOTHERS 666
Notes 666
1887 ilUl 667
1887. HURTING ONE'S PARENTS 667
Notes 667
1888 668
1888. INSOLENCE TO ONE’S PARENTS 668
Notes 668
1889 - jtyl Jp 3^ 670
1889. THE RIGHT OF THE PARENT UPON THE CHILD 670
Notes 670
1890 - Jjyi Jp otyl ji- 671
1890. THE RIGHT OF THE CHILD UPON THE PARENT 671
Notes 671
1891 - atyl 672
1891. UPBRINGING OF THE CHILD 672
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Notes 673
415- -674
415. AUTHORITY 674
1892 - <5)1 JA yH\ oSj 4Pli> dyrj 674
1892. THE NECESSITY OF OBEYING THOSE VESTED WITH
AUTHORITY BY ALLAH 674
Notes 675
1893 - gjfJl oY/J iLj L^y, 0 676
1893. WHAT BRINGS ABOUT THE REIGN OF EVIL RULERS ... 676
Notes 676
1894 - J-tAl h'j 677
1894. JUST RULERS 677
Notes 677
1895 - o'/j 678
1895. TYRANNICAL RULERS 678
Notes 678
1896 - yAJ j jyi Jp L. 679
1896. WHAT IS OBLIGATORY FOR THE RULER WITH REGARD
TO HIMSELF 679
Notes 679
1897 - ^ j jyi Jp jUT 680
1897. THE MOST IMPORTANT THING A RULER NEEDS IN HIS
RULE 680
Notes 681
1898 - JUAi! j Jp U 682
1898. WHAT IS OBLIGATORY FOR THE RULER WHEN
EMPLOYING WORKERS 682
Notes 683
1899 - 684
1899. TO NOT SECLUDE ONESELF [AWAY FROM ONE'S
SUBJECTS] 684
Notes 684
1900 - 0VA-4E49 fVyi yyj 685
1900. THE OBLIGATION UPON THE RULER TO GIVE
IMPORTANCE TO THE ABASED 685
Notes 686
1901 - ill 687
1901. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FRIENDS OF ALLAH . . 687
Notes 687
48
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416 - 689
416. SUSPICION.. ..689
1902 - j 4 689
1902. WARNING AGAINST SUSPICION 689
Notes 689
1903 - ^ 690
1903. PROHIBITION OF PLACING ONESELF IN SUSPECT
CIRCUMSTANCES 690
Notes 690
417 - j-Ut 691
417. DESPAIR..... ................691
1904 -Jd\ fS 691
1904. THE REPROACHING OF DESPAIR 691
Notes 691
1905 - j U J^\ 692
1905. THE FRUITS OF DESPAIR IN OBTAINING WHAT BELONGS
TO OTHERS 692
Notes 692
418 - ................693
418. THE ORPHAN ................693
1906 - 351p, J* 693
1906. ENJOINMENT OF LOOKING AFTER ORPHANS 693
Notes 694
1907 - JG >\f\ 695
1907. THE CONSUMPTION OF THE PROPERTY OF THE ORPHANS
695
Notes 695
419 - .............696
419. CONVICTION ..........696
1908 - uyLJl Ysii 696
1908. THE VIRTUE OF CONVICTION 696
Notes 697
1909 - 698
1909. CERTAIN KNOWLEDGE 698
Notes 698
1910 - oyLil 699
1910. INTERPRETATION OF CERTAINTY 699
Notes 699
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1911 -J^\ 700
1911. THE SIGNS OF A PERSON OF CONVICTION 700
Notes 700
1912 - i-ii L. 702
1912. WHAT CORRUPTS CONVICTION 702
Notes 702
1913 703
1913. WEAKNESS OF CONVICTION 703
Notes 703
1914- 0^1 ol/ 704
1914. THE FRUIT OF CONVICTION 704
Notes 704
1915- 0^)1 ilojl 705
1915. INCREASING CONVICTION 705
Notes 706
Bibliography 707
50
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324 - pd\
324. THINKING
1499 - p&\ J * b~\
1499. ENCOURAGING THINKING
“Thus does Allah clarify His signs for you so that you may reflect. ” 2
till ^t*J5lb 191 i 137 t 13 ! JTj 269 <■ 266 ! ty7' (Tui)
< 73 < 24 : ^ 201 t 185 c 176 c 3 : 152 < 50 < 36
36 till J>4b 75 ! yrT'b 3 ! ■Ap/b t 111 c 109 101
t 24 t 20 ! oj-5Cot!ij 69 t 62 ! 73 t 50 ! o iiyiib 85 !
j 13 t 5 ■ 3 ! V4-b 82 t 58 t 13 ! j-U'j 21 t 9 t 8 ! ^j7b 43 t 35
.29 ! jL~Ai j 19 ! J44b 1 1 ■ ^^b 2 ! j-uUj 15 t 4 ! jUisij 10 !
(See also: Qur'an 2:266, 2:269, 3:13, 3:137, 3:191, 6:11, 6:36, 6:50, 6:152,
7:3, 7:176, 7:185, 7:201, 10:24, 10:73, 10:101, 12:109, 12:111, 13:3, 15:75,
16:11, 16:36, 23:85, 25: 50, 25:73, 27:62, 27:69, 29:20, 29:24, 29:35, 29:43, 30:8,
30:9, 30:21, 40:13, 40:58, 40:82, 45:3-5, 45:13, 47:10, 54:4, 54:15, 59:2, 69:11,
73:19, 76:29)
\ aj js^b 34 Ji jsudi : Up \\j^\ .5111
5111. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Thinking instigates goodness and action upon
it.’4
7 ffif fyfzj aJp ^Lp .5112
5112. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who thinks perceives.' 6
i U t Ail p JjSji (4*^ U—2 3^4^ ^ : rSLJ! Up yp fL-Vl .5113
7 , - A'
■ (4^. u>°-
5113. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Whoever increases his thinking in whatever
he leams, his knowledge will become proficient, and he will come to
understand whatever he did not understand before.' 8
9. JjiKTjUp 'i : fSLJi Up ^Lp fiui .5114
5114. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There is no knowledge like thinking.' 10
hu sT^ jSuJi : fsLJi aUp ^Lp .5115
5115. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Thinking is a transparent mirror.' 12
13. i_dJ oLU jSUxil : Up ^L-Nt .5116
51
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5116. Imam Hasan (AS) said, 'Thinking is the life of the heart of the
cognizant.' 14
& s $ £
(jlj £ Aill aAs- .5117
15 < „iA f
■ Ji*- J5 y
5117. Imam Hasan (AS) said, 1 advise you with Godwariness and
continuous thinking, for thinking is the father and mother of all good.’ 1
ol£2Jl ojliSj oLlA-I o\ y> ojSlaJl aAs- -5118
5118. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A thought is the mirror of merits and the
penance for vices.' 18
Notes
1. 219 ! 5/lJt ■
2. Quran 2: 219
3. 5 / 55 / 2 : jisdi .
4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 55, no. 5
5. 31 : ^sui g* .
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 31
7. 8917
8. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 8917
9.113 : ap^ui .
10. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 113
11. 5 iusG-i : ipiJi .
12. Ibid. Saying 5
13. 11 / 115/78 : jijrtijU.
14. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 115, no. 1 1
15. 52 / 1 ! .
16. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 1, p. 52
17.20/326/71 :
18. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 71, p. 327, no. 22
52
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1500 -
1500. THERE IS NO WORSHIP LIKE THINKING
(j JSC i£j jLS"" ! - ji oSIp cpid. -isj - ji »\ i5119
* . /^p aA-Ij
5119. The mother of Abu Dharr when asked about the worship of Abu
Dharr, said, 'He spent his whole day thinking in a place far away from
people.' 2
&
2. AjjJi Aiil (j jLo) oSLj«JI f aJp *5120
5120. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The best of worship is perpetually
thinking about Allah and His power.' 4
l^jji jfjdj lil) Aid oSLp ^ apL- jSkij : ^bLJl aJp (Jilddl ^L.V! .5121
5. (yhftt
5121. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Thinking for an hour is better than
worshipping for a year, for “ Only those who possess intellect take
admonition. ” 67
.1217 c 1215 : s.LxJi (> \)
(See also: WORSHIP: section 1215, 1217)
Notes
1. 250 / 1 ! jhjyd -A .
2. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 1, p. 250
3. 3 / 55 / 2 : (jisdi .
4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 55, no. 3
5.22/327/71 : ji/hjU.
6. Quran 399 !
7. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 71, p. 327, no. 22
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1501 -
1501. THAT WHICH PURIFIES THOUGHT
\ sjsa ilrf 51 ji aJp yu .5122
5122. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Whoever eats less, their thought will be more
purified.' 2
3! ? j aAp yLf- -5123
5123. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'How can one's thought be purified if they are
constantly full.' 4
Notes
1. 8462 ! j*5C=n jj- .
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 8462
3. 6975 : j> .
4. Ibid. no. 6975
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1502 - Li
1502. PROHIBITED THINKING
yy js. j j£i ji : Up ^Lp .5124
5124. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Thinking outside [the bounds] of wisdom is
fantasy.' 2
3. L fei] kps j ojSCi jgS' y \ aJp ^Ip .5125
5125. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Whoever thinks much about sins, will be
prompted to commit them.' 4
A jAI auI oli (_j ySCaj y \ aJp ^p- .5126
5126. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who contemplates in the essence of Allah
becomes a disbeliever.' 6
.1254 <— a ! (2) (jkh)
(See also: INNER KNOWLEDGE OF ALLAH: section 1254)
Notes
1. 1278 : j>.
2. Ibid. no. 1278
3. 8561 : (XJ-t j> ■
4. Ibid. no. 8561
5. 7976 ^ 449 ,_/> ! ApiAb (4A-i i 8487 ^ ^ .
6. Ibid. no. 8487
55
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325 - jdJ'
325. THE GRAVE
1503 - Sj^h JjLi jjf y&\
1503. THE GRAVE THE FIRST STAGE OF THE
HEREAFTER
l>-5 c (JjLl* <Jji ^ ^ .5127
' , 4C. O-bh L>3 4C. 4th ^ 0[j L 4^. JhA 0 Jj*j
5127. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The grave is the first station of the
Hereafter. If one is saved from it, whatever comes after it is easier. And if he
is not saved from it, whatever comes after it is no less difficult than it.' 2
4^ "y* aj ~ 4] iy aAp 4^i 4^i .5128
, hgiS' A”Lo jdlSl I-La CL^-I OyJdA- ht OhuLi^- OhxSyj , -
5128. The Prophet (SAWA), when he passed by a grave wherein
someone had been buried the day before, and the person's family was crying
over the grave, said, 'Two simple units of prayer that you deem insignificant
are dearer to the person in this grave than the whole of your world.' 4
^ ‘-juj-Z’ 5/ c J-A Jyi ! aJTj 4 Ss- <uii 4S11 Jj-a1 *5129
5-
5129. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The first [experience of the] justice of
the Hereafter is the grave, it does not differentiate between the base-bom
and the noble.' 6
2 , 4 14 yjliiy hH ci^hy h. ! aJTj 4*Ip .uji ai Jy— ^ .5130
5130. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'I have never seen a scene more horrid
than the grave.' 8
9. 3^ jjJ]\ : j.sLJi 4dp ^1 .5131
5131. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Live near the graves and you will take a
lesson.' 10
tiA hi ! (Jyjt; t yjS"" (j Xa'^S' ji-aL j) ! 4j1p JLh*2jl ^h.5/1 .5132
jjA 6yis>- yl 4ckl ^jA 4h?yj hi (. jJii I hi c .iyjjl C*) hi t 4^^-jJl tlA hi <, 4^*11
U.
5132. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The grave speaks every day. It says: I
am the house of loneliness, I am the house of gloom, I am the house of
worms, I am the grave, I am a garden of the gardens of Heaven, or a hole
from among the holes of Hell.' 12
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jL&jj jf oj^-T iJla Uj, 5i : - jup - .5133
oy>-T 23 U4 O' jjOiA dj' 13a 0[y c dj' 0?
5133. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said at a graveside, 'Verily the thing [i.e. life]
whose end is this [grave] deserves to be spent in asceticism, and verily the
thing [i.e. the Hereafter] which begins with this [grave] deserves to be
feared.' 14
Notes
t.64/242/6 : jyH ijU.
2. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 6, p. 242, no. 64
3. 225 / 2 ! A 'jA ; •
4. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 225
5. 205 : oCyuJ-i .
6. al-Jafariyyat, p. 205
7. 284 / 1 : >iyJ-i
8. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 1, p. 284
9. 4800 : (vSOM j> .
10. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4800
n.2/242/3 : jisOi .
12. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 242, no. 2
13. 1 / 343 ! .
14. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 343, no. 1
57
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1504-^1 Jiji-
1504. QUESTIONING IN THE GRAVE
^jjJl Ml cppo) , aJ^ d? ~ aJTj aMp axI 3^ .5134
2. ^jJ.1 AfL, til yjA\ j : - ‘(^1 jj UjJI SUM j c-jli)!
5134. The Prophet (SAWA), with regards to Allah's verse in the
Qur'an:”Allah fortifies those who have faith with an immutable word in the
life of this world and in the Hereafter” 3 , said, 'In the grave when the dead
are interrogated’. 4
i Aj"*AM \ j£. t)jA (j JUd ■ fbMJl aJp JiCaJl .5135
Is J * f /
[ 7^ 4j J C Ijljl *033 C A^L-v^j c C AjISjJ
~ ■ ^ ^ dr; u
5135. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A dead person will be questioned about
five things: his prayer, his alms-tax (zakat), his obligatory pilgrimage (hajj),
his fasting, and his acceptance of our divine guardianship (wilaya), the ahl
al-bayt. Our guardianship will address the other four from inside the grave,
'Any deficiency that is in you, I will fill.' 6
t W 6i*V' 1/&- Sfj j JLj y : pLJ\ aMp qfcLyi .5136
7. U^- jl
5136. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’A person will not be questioned in their
grave unless they have total pureness of faith or total disbelief.' 8
Notes
l. 27 ! ■
2. 29 / 228 / 6 : yA1' .
3. Quran 1427!
4. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 6, p. 228, no. 29
5. 15/241/3 : jiSM.
6. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 241, no. 15
7. 4 / 236 / 3 : jisM .
8. Ibid. v. 3, p. 236, no. 4
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1505 - jJll O'***
1505. PUNISHMENT IN THE GRAVE
-Lil aJ Jjjjd / ciajJ.! Jj*j La t aw! SLp L ! a2p ^Jp ^La^l >5137
aLi! j-L>- ALLjt).l L))j ... AXjjPj AXAL^J A^aL?J A JLy? t jLljl 1 CAjj.1
1
jyaJl AjUp ojj-lP L^>
5137. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’O servants of Allah! That which comes after
death for those who have not been forgiven is worse than death itself and it
is the grave. So, be warned of its tightness, its hardship, its darkness and its
loneliness And the hard life that Allah has warned His enemies about is
the punishment of the grave.’ 2
ol* yj> .jjIp «tS La »jajlp Ji jj aJp ^p *5138
A^2J La tljAjlp Ji La £- <■ ^vILajj
4! 3tpUJ-i
5138. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’If you were to see what the dead from among
you have seen, you would become grieved, and you would be frightened,
and you would listen and obey. However, what they have seen is veiled
from you, and the veil will soon be lifted!’ 5
, ALL^-^ Alp- Jj f AP ^5^ ^ t yj> ! aJp JSLjl ^La'yi *5139
5139. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’Whoever’s bowings in his prayer [ruku]
are perfect will not experience fright in their grave.’ 7
Notes
t.31/28 : J1A1.
2. Amali al-Tusi, p. 28, no. 31
3. 20 aJ^I ! ap^O .
& &
4. O^j a*J| c a .^Ip JA , JjwlAl (j;! (Jli
298/1 , AC-5L11 y* ) , oAjxjA aiyaPSh y* AX j .
5. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 20
6. 1 / 55 : JupsIi .
7. Thawab al-Amal, p. 55 no. 1
59
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326 - JoaJi
326. KILLING
1506-^t
1506. THE PROHIBITION OF KILLING A SOUL [I.E. A
HUMAN BEING]
^}i\ j $ Jj LxJj iji €\ JJ-f
L^-i tilSo 3*^ 4^ bilSo
“That is why We decreed for the children of Israel that whoever kills a
soul, without [its being guilty of] manslaughter or corruption on the earth,
is as though he had killed all mankind, and whoever saves a life is as
though he has saved all mankind. ” 2
! 151 i 140 ! 28 ! ojjiiij 93 c 92 <. 29 ! (4^')
.9 ! 68 ! oiijjiSij 74
(See also: Qur’an 4:29, 4:92, 4:93, 5:28, 6:140, 6:151, 18:74, 25:68, 81:9)
yS' y\ L aJjIS yS- 1 ^ 4 *4"^ .5140
, AjjLj?
5140. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The most aggressive of people is he
who kills someone other than his killer, or strikes someone other than one
who struck him.’ 4
s.L.jJl <3 a! L. (Jjl , aJTj aJp aWI ^ .5141
5
5141. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The first thing that will be judged
between people on the Day of Resurrection is the blood shed [between
them].’ 6
yfi awI LjjJi 3 34 ■ ^ 4 aJp aw! awI .5142
7
■ y^-
5142. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The eradication of the whole world is
more insignificant for Allah than the blood that has been shed without right.'
8
4 *±jJ j jhu jlJ 44 L_ridi ja iSn : 4>lj! aJp u.41 .5143
\ jo-uJi jWjj t 4^
5143. Imam al-Rida (AS) said, 'Allah forbade the killing of human
beings for the reason that creation would be corrupted were it to be
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permissible, and due to their annihilation and the chaos [that would ensue].'
to
Notes
1 . 32 ! .
2. Quran 532!
3. 41 / 73 ! .
4. Amali al-Saduq, p. 28, no. 4
5. 39887 :
6. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 39887
7. 6 / 293 / 3 : -4^ .
8. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 3, p. 293, no. 6
9. 4934 / 565 / 3 ! viiSi ._jhsr .
10. al-Faqih, v. 3, p. 565, no. 4934
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1507 - ^
1507. KILLING OF A BELIEVER
blip aJ .Iplj aAp Alii ‘ . yapj 1 : ^ A- oJly>t3 IjdJdd Lpjd ^jl£J O^j)
“ Should anyone kill a believer intentionally, his requital shall be hell,
to remain in it [forever]; Allah shall be wrathful at him and curse him and
he shall prepare for him a great punishment” 2
(jjj tilj t L$d y ■ aJTj aJlP aUI aU^ i5144
*A> aW! d! !? aLx^ /y> 4_Ltj
h Apri~A>- 0.TP
5144. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'O people! Will a person be killed
whilst I am among you, and it is not known whom the killer is? ! If all the
people of the heavens and the earth were to get together and kill a Muslim
[believer], Allah would punish them all without account and judgment.' 4
am! £5^ A^Jf fs .to ^1p dtp^ /jA , aJ 1 j aJp awI Aid >5145
~ , aW \ A ^ ■ AU^P AP aa LJLS 1
5145. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever helps in the killing of a
believer even with a part of a word, he will meet Allah on the Day of
Judgment with the following words written between his eyes: 'Doomed from
the mercy of Allah.’ 6
a2p Q.W aWI cAol 1-ddcd \sa^a fis ^Ja \ a rip JiLJl >5146
p 0 op e > e\ s * J* ^
jjp jjSca ddfj.j ly?7 dl AjO ■ tJ.W Aid Jys ddliy t Ljap t
8 . 7(jlUl
5146. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Whoever intentionally kills a believer,
Allah will affirm for him all the sins, and will acquit sins from the one he
has killed. This is according to Allah's verse in the Qur'an: “/ desire that
you earn [the burden of] my sin and your sin, to become one of the
inmates of the Fire.” 910
aJ ja Ui*£i jAp u - fWJi Adp (joLddi .5147
Ljjjl ja\ JjA f. i^riaJ f ‘ - A . '• aIA did d[j c aJ Ajjj Ajd'y Alri did d) ! “ ?
AAa SLflj d' AXjyA dd
5147. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) was once asked, 'A believer intentionally kills
a believer, does he have the right to repent?' The Imam replied, 'If his killing
him was due to his belief, then he does not have the right to repentance. But
if he killed him due to anger or any other worldly reason, then his
repentance is that he be killed for it.’ 12
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Notes
1. 93 : .
2. Quran 493 !
3. 39952 : ju-Ji .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 39952
5. 163 s-’V 615 / 8 ! ‘39895 ! yS~ .
6. Ibid. no. 39895
7. 29 : sjuiii .
8. 9 / 328 : JUpSa ^ .
9. Quran 529 !
10. Thawab al-A'mal, p. 328, no. 9
11. 9 'vV 19 / 19 ! 1 2 / 276 / 7 ! .
12. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 276, no. 2
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1508 - ^
1508. THE PROHIBITION OF SUICIDE
oi 5/) JJaUL) ^SsLj ^SClUA IjJlS^Ij ^ Ij^il ^j-Ul L^jI Lj)
' , ( 0 IS"" I 0) 1 I \jLju
“O you who have faith! Do not eat up your wealth among yourselves
unrightfully, but it should be trade by mutual consent. And do not kill
yourselves. Indeed Allah is most merciful to you. ” 2
4j! L-'J aAs* JSLjl ^La^l .5148
5148. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’A believer may be afflicted with all
kinds of misfortunes, and may die in all sorts of ways, but he must not kill
himself.’ 4
LdU- Z, jlj if fy l-ULxiu ^-yi , *l4p JbLzd! iLa^l .5149
5.
5149. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Whoever intentionally kills himself will
dwell in the Hellfire forever.’ 6
Notes
l. 29 : a~Ji .
2. Quran 429 !
3.8/112/3 :
4. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 1 12, no. 8
5. 5 163 / 95 / 4 ! S y ybS~ .
6. al-Faqih, v. 4, p. 95, no. 5163
64
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327 -0T>)!
327. THE Quran
1509 - OljiJb jJUp
1509. ADHERE TO THE QUR'AN
1 bcd^ dibLjT jjlSj)
“ Certainly We have given you [the surah of] the seven oft-repeated
verses and the great Quran. ” 2
\ (jjJ °ff>, JllJ dTjiJl Gj£d| aiJj)
“Certainly We have made the Quran simple for the sake of
admonishment. So is there anyone who will be admonished ?” 4
jJui j^Sfi lii : aJT, Up iii iii .5150
t AdM a^.L.1 aJjc>- c (3-W^ £_add*dLd ajL^ $ Oljdjb
\ jbJl oils dLL>- a1>c>-
5150. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'When matters become obscure for you
like the darkness of the night, then turn to the Quran, for it is the mediating
intercessor and the trustworthy deviser. Whoever puts it in front of them, it
will lead them to Heaven, and whoever puts it behind them, it will drag
them to Hell'. 6
U , i, ddc* I ■ aJ bd “ aJ a dp aU 1 ^ aW ■ J ■ 5 1 5 1
Aj bb>- yA *)!j Ajdj tyA ^JiabJl A^Jtj S (. aWI bpbd" ! “ ? dTB yA
2 . Ail! aIv^ OjaP (j jddl Jji t -td- dr? 1
5151. The Prophet (SAWA), when it was said to him that his community
will be tested, they asked how they may be delivered from it, to which he
replied, 'The noble Book of Allah that cannot be overcome with falsehood,
neither from in front nor from behind. It is descended from the all-Wise, the
Praised One. Allah will lead astray whoever seeks knowledge in other than
it.’ 8
\ 1-dLi^ b>lh o^di^-bs cbhjdjb jv^dp , aJ Adp aWI ^b*2 aAJI (J yAj .5152
5152. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'You must adhere to the Quran, so take
it as an Imam and a leader.' 10
awI a d p O'iybSl , aJTj a dp aw! ^L, & Aiil .5153
**. Apld [fs-
5153. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The superiority of the Quran over any
other speech is as the superiority of Allah over His creation.' 12
' ' , o fks *)lj c Aj^s ^P S , ^£P b)Tydl , aJTj aJp aWI a\)I elj— >5154
65
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5154. 5163. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'The Quran is rich, and there is
no richness without it, and no poverty after it.' 14
'J£\ U£-l 01 jiii OT^iil ^gkpl ! aJTj aJlp 4)1 4)1 Jj— ij .5155
, i h c jJLi ^^Lpl L£
5155. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever is given the Quran, and then
doubts that someone has been given something more than him, this person
has aggrandized something little and belittled something great.' 16
^oT^aJi Cf* ■ 4Tj i~^s~ ^ .5156
18
5156. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever wants the knowledge of the
first and the last should explore the Quran.' 1920
yfj jl yS' ^jA (3 ^L>sl3 I <ulp- (^Ip .5157
2'- Or? U
5157. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’He, most High, has manifested Himself for
them in His Book, without them seeing Him, by showing them His power.’
23. ^ aj Jjujl. V t oyji q 4ii 4ii : Adp .5158
5158. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Allah Allah [i.e. I advise you] with the
Quran, nobody other than you should be quicker in acting according to it.’ 24
Aji^ $ 4jLj au! ijAistj \ aJp ^ip .5159
3 Oj (jji
3, ./» all AjU AjjSIa
5159. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Learn the Book of Allah Almighty; for it is
the best of speech and the most eloquent exhortation. Get educated through
it, for it is the spring of the hearts. Get cured by its light, for it is the cure for
everything in the heart. Excel in its recitation for it is the best of stories.' 26
t (iulJlj ji&l t g|jdl j$\ JA JLLi aJ 5] : fWJ! aJp fjs- .5160
~7.
5160. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'In it there is the cure for the greatest sickness,
28
which is disbelief, hypocrisy, error, and going astray.’
U (jd ob Jl aJp- .5161
~7, 0^4 ol c..
5161. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, 'If everyone from the east to the
west was to die, I would not feel lonely if I had the Quran with me.' 30
Notes
1.87 : -a.
66
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2. Quran 1587!
3. 17 : .
4. Quran 5417 !
5. 4027 : Juji .
6. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 4027
7. j*Lc Jt aj\ t 11/6/1 . j .
8. Tafsir al-Ayyashi, v. 1, p. 6, no. 1 1
9. 4029 : JUJI .
10. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 4029
11.18/19/92:^1 jU.
12. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 92, p. 19, no. 18
13.18/19/92:^^.
14. Ibid. v. 92, p. 19, no. 18
15. 279 : .
16. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 279
17. 229 / 1 ! 3jL$Ji) . Ojy^ajj Q .up , lO jJ(**b) .
18. 2454 : Jubdi .
19. Meaning that they should contemplate in its meaning and interpret its exegesis.
(See: al-Nihaya, v. 1, p. 229)
20. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 2454
21. 147 *M-\ : gj .
22. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 147
23. 47 .
24. Ibid. Letter 4
25. 150 : Jut- .
26. Tuhaf al-Uqul, 150
27. 176 gj .
28. Ibid. Sermon 176
29. 13 / 602 / 2 : jisOi .
30. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 602, no. 13
67
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1510 - a OUj J jT y&\
1510. THE QUR'AN IS NEW IN EVERY ERA
\ SjJi ^ : rsLJi Up .5162
5162. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The frequency of its recitation and its falling
on ears does not render it old.' 2
jA Ji Jp abj j Sf jTydl JL. L. : 0. - fSLJl Up .5163
, ,, o ^ ✓ pip ^ * $
jyi hfy t jUj jji jUjj UjUS: 1 UjLj Ull j ^ A ^j-U lj
2. uiull e^5 cii (jUP- a*pj 4 A-U" jUj ij t
5163. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when asked, 'Why is it that the Quran only
increases in freshness the more it is promulgated and taught?' He replied,
'Because Allah, Blessed and most High, did not make the Quran for a
certain time and not another, or for certain people and not others. It is new
in every time and fresh for all people until the Day of Judgment.' 4
Notes
1. 156 uu-t : 4p*>ui gi .
2. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 156
3. *up cdiu u' chi*. : ju (_gy>ui o..AwU . S / 15 / 92 \ j|ySi jtp
9 / 15 / 92 ! ji£ ■ o_j2 yAj " AA Jv t. jcuu .
4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 92, p. 15, no. 8
68
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1511 - ii-Lwj j*I*J
1511. LEARNING AND TEACHING THE QUR'AN
o aOp .uii .5164
5164. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The best of you are those who learn
the Quran, and teach it.' 2
p J5 > x ^ ^ >
, O^jiS^ O I'J-aJ! , 4J b5165
5165. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'You must leam the Quran, and recite it
a lot.' 4
'iy d.i-4 h! l o OlyiJl blAj |*1p ■ aJTj aJp <4)1 aUI «5 1 66
^ . *cJp Jj
5166. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever teaches a person the Quran,
he becomes his master. He should not disappoint him or favor anything over
him.' 6
4jS! i 4jH o' jJ'jJI Jp aJjJl jA ! ^bLJ' aJp yp .5167
2, 0(^1' 44>-L*JJ C
5167. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The right of a child incumbent upon his
father is that he should give him a good name, good manners, and teach him
the Quran.' 8
l il)lyL!l (Jjp- Oj4. h/ 01 ‘cle- .5168
dS
\ (3 o^3\j ji
5168. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The believer should be such that he does
not die without learning the Quran, or without being engaged in learning it.'
10
Notes
t.2/ 186/92 : y/hjU.
2. Ibid. v. 92, p. 186, no. 2
3. 2368 ! Judies" .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 2368
5. 2382 :
6. Ibid. no. 2382
7. 399 ip*>ui .
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 399
9. 600 / 220 : .
10. al-Daawat, p. 220, no. 600
69
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1512 - j <l)Tyih Ja
1512. MEMORIZING THE QUR'AN AND THE
ETIQUETTES OF THOSE WHO MEMORISE IT
<1)1 1^3 4j LxS"" 4Xl oli^l , a]Tj 4dp 4Xl <^1 (Jy-^j B5169
1 , 5x>cJi oJLi 4^-^ 4
5169. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Whoever has been endowed by Allah
the memorization of His Book, and doubts that someone has been given
something better than what he has, has despised the greatest bounty.' 2
jTyi!! ^y> ij o[ ; aJTj aufp Aiii Aiii .5170
3. v>' 9-^
5170. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Someone who has none of the Quran
in their self is like a wrecked house.' 4
<ji^S"" 4j I <1) 1 S , aJ |y 4 At- 4X 1 4X I <J b5 171
jjwLyi? l a i OwLo c 0 IjJLll p (^j t
5. 44^ jy 4^11 J4-4
5171. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'How wretched is the one who says that
he has forgotten such and such verse - rather it is that he has been forgotten.
Remember the Quran, for by He who owns my soul, it is stronger at
detaching itself from the hearts of men than the detachment of an animal
from its shackle.' 6
i. 4x1 <l)yiyji'>4l 014)1 , 4] ly 4dp 4^1 4x1 .5172
■ (4~yA yxl 0^.44
5172. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The bearers of the Quran [i.e. those
who memorize it] are surrounded by the mercy of Allah and are dressed
with the light of Allah.' 8
\ <4L>t^4? Ij <1)1 jidl 411^ '1 , dTj 4dp 4Xl 4x1 (Jy .5173
5173. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The noblemen of my community are
the bearers of the Quran [i.e. those who memorize it] and the people of night
vigil.’ 10
44*)iy (3 ^.lji j4' o] : dTj 4^ip 4xi 4- 4xi .5174
4 0I4II 4*4- llj obddlj 4li*lAjdly 3*4l(3 (j-hJl j^i>-l j[y t 0(4!! 4*4"
5174. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The worthiest of people in their
humbleness, both secretly and openly, are the bearers of the Quran, and the
worthiest of people in terms of their prayers and fasting, both secretly and
openly, are the bearers of the Quran.' 12
70
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-Id y* -td L? \ j hf , a] 1 j <U)1 ( '^-*0 <U)I .5175
l3. J} J* £» 'S&- V$ ‘
5175. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’The owner of the Quran [i.e. he who
has memorized it] should not be harsh towards those who are harsh with
him, nor behave ignorantly like those who are ignorant, while he has the
words of Allah inside him.’ 14
•J#' C1^1 4j ^J-aL*jl ijljjLL! | d! 4--lp (3.5L*2jl ^La'yi .5176
15
5176. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The memorizer of the Quran who acts
according to it will be with the envoys, noble and pious.' 16
ij aJ cuixi oT^Jl y* o)jA Cs~^ Cr* ■ (“5L— d! a4p ij-iLLaJl .5177
Id | J jJiis ! jg L« V ! <Jl3 La lj liU c AkA) a^-j3j Ajdd-
OL^J.1 1-La ALot^J c 1-iSj 1-iS"" ojjd- LI ?
5177. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Whoever forgets a chapter (surah) from
the Quran, it will exemplify to him as a form of a reward and a high station.
When he sees it, he will ask, 'Who are you? How great you are ! If only you
were mine!' and it will say to him, 'Don't you know me? I am chapter so and
1 8
so, and if you did not forget me I would have elevated you to this place.'
Notes
1 . 23 17 ! Jtldt yS~ .
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 2317
3. 2478 ! Jixdi yS~ .
4. Ibid. no. 2478
5. 2849 : Judi .
6. Ibid. no. 2850
7. 202/ 115 :
8. Jami al-Akhbar, p. 115 no. 202
9. 21 / 7 : Jud .
10. al-Khisal, p. 7, no. 21
n.5/604/2 : jisdi .
12. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 604, no. 5
13. 2347 : Judi uT .
14. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 2347
15. 2 / 603 / 2 : jisdi .
16. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 603, no. 2
17. 1 / 283 : Jl^Ai -d .
1 8. Thawab al-Amal, p. 283, no. 1
71
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1513 - 3 pj J* id-1
1513. URGING THE RECITATION OF THE QUR'AN
i) dl L^LxS"" ijjlsj 0))
'■ iip-J
“Indeed those who recite the Book of Allah and maintain the prayer,
and spend out of what We have provided them, secretly and openly, expect
a commerce that will never go bankrupt. ” 2
lLu4 Ch lL^-I 13) , 4J I j *u!p <U)I 5178
3
5178. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'When one of you would like to
converse with his Lord, he should read the Quran.' 4
Jjlj , cjljJLii (JLaj , a]Ij <u1p <U) I (J .51/SJ
^ , L&JJjaj 4j I ^>-T J-LP cl) Is C LjjJl jl^ (3 ^Jj^j cu^T
5179. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'It will be said to the reciter of the
Quran, 'Read and rise in rank, and recite as you recited in the world, for
your station is as per the last verse that you recited.' 6
, Jj jJ-l Iw\_v2 j Lo-S""” IwL^2j 0 jj& , a] <u!p a\)I a))1 .5180
oTyill I jlS ? c aS)I b ! ^s
5180. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'These hearts rust the way metal rusts.'
He was asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, and what can clean them?' He
replied, 'The recitation of the Quran.' 8
o d)ts £ d) IjJLlI o$.i jjL> ■ aJ I j <u1p anI a\)I (J j-wwj .5181
9 • ’f c ^ ^
. cl )b»i^ t, j Id 1 Q t, c— j JUJ
5181. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’You must read the Quran, for verily
reading it is a penance for the sins, protection from the Fire, and a safeguard
from punishment.’ 10
if fa]\ 0 Li i jTyL!l yf- t ^4 9 ■ Lp <U)I ^ Jj— ’j .5182
1 1 ■ yf- ‘ LJlil (^4
5182. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’O son, do not neglect reading the
Quran, for verily the Quran revives the heart, and prevents the committing
of the erroneous, wrong and corrupt.’ 12
Notes
1. 29 : )o\s> .
2. Quran 3529:
3. 2257 : juLt y£ .
72
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4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 2257
5. 2330 :
6. Ibid. no. 2330
7. 2441 : y£ .
8. Ibid. no. 2441
9.18/17/92:^^.
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 92, p. 17, no. 18
n.4032 : Juuii g .
12. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 4032
73
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1514 - Oj^aJb
1514. RECITING THE QUR'AN WITH A GOOD VOICE
Oj^2 Ji o ijUli 41b- ■ ^llj 4dp .5183
5183. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’For everything there is an ornament,
and the ornament of the Quran is a nice voice.’ 2
, (5 44p 4^1 .5184
5184. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Decorate the Quran with your voices.’
4
, “ O'jidh ^>L)1 li* " dlj a4p <U)1 ^ .5185
.Uil 4j ! C^jl) 4j?.l ji 13)
5185. The Prophet (SAWA), when he was asked about the person with
the best voice at reciting the Quran, he said, ’He who when you hear his
recitation you can see that he fears Allah.’ 6
7. jjD-t, Jjj dli i jjlkb ! dij aJs- J i5186
5186. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Read the Quran sorrowfully, for verily
it came down sorrowfully.’ 8
Notes
1. 2768 : judi >r.
2. Ibid. no. 2768
3.2/ 190/92: jy%\A.
4. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 92, p. 190, no. 2
5. 10/ 195/92 : jiySi jU.
6. Ibid. v. 92, p. 195, no. 10
7. 2777 : y£ .
8. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 2777
74
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1515 -
1515. THE REALITY OF RECITATION
AjhSsjl ^J-Ul) \ g,L*j aJjS f aA p i518V
t oApJ 0^4jij C A_al^^-lj L AljL*^ Qj. ■. ^ i. '-';^ t AjLi I J^>-
L« , aIaIjJ c j c aJUl«1 c OjJjLiLxjj t Aj|j_P (J^3lJ4j
Ijlg d?- c A^LsMj OjLi-pl ^>jSj Ojj-ij C A3 3 Aj IjT ajjlj Jj5)
oLJjJl , ^l_JU 4^1 (JjJL) t AjIj I JjIU j-A Lcjj C oSjw\j>-
1 .2(ajLT
5187. Imam al-Sadiq, with respect to Allah's verse in the Qur'an: “Those
to whom We have given the Book follow it as it ought to be followed. ” 3
said, 'They recite its verses and understand its meanings and act according to
its laws. They hope for its reward, fear its punishment, take examples from
its stories, take lesson from its parables, perform its orders, stay away from
what it has prohibited. By Allah, it is not just memorizing its verses, citing
its words, reciting its chapters, and learning its parts. They have memorized
its words and lost its limits. That which is important is contemplating into
its verses, Allah Almighty says: “[It is] a blessed Book that We have sent
down to you, so that they may contemplate its signs. ” 45
Notes
1.29:^.
2. 236 / 2 : f ‘y~- ‘ .
3. Quran 2121:
4. Quran 3829:
5. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 236
75
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1516 - S&IjSll obT
1516. ETIQUETTE OF RECITATION
1 - :
1. Cleaning of the mouth
L«j i 4)1 ^ ‘ oTyiil ! aJTj <uU- 4)1 4)1 .5188
: ju ? iiu : c jLiiyt : jis ? oyn jj>
5188. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Clean the path of the Quran.' He was
asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, and what is the path of the Quran?' He
replied, 'Your mouths.' They asked, 'How [should we clean them]?' He said,
'[By brushing them] With a tooth cleanser (siwak).' 2
2 - :
2. Seeking refuge
, ( ' till U.iA auP \ olyi liu)
“When you recite the Quran seek the protection of Allah against the
outcast Satan. ” 4
: - sjjA Jlp ijJji u - .5189
jjdsLJuJl cuA-t jl yS/ij t /il U All adL iysCLs t
5189. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when he was asked about seeking refuge at
the beginning of every chapter, said, 'Yes, seek refuge in Allah from the
outcast Satan. And he mentioned that the outcast (al-rajim) is the most
wicked of Satans.' 6
3 -fcp:
3. Recitation
7 ■ (%iP jbj)
“recite the Quran in a measured tone. ” 8
id! ; - (Wj/ oTydi dy* tj - dTj aAp 4)1 4)1 .5190
t 4j t aJ1_>s_p J Up ijjis c j_A oJ^J c JJLllI t IjLcJ
2. ojjlJl y>-T piJAi jii hly
5190. The Prophet (SAWA), with regard to Allah's verse in the Qur'an:
“and recite the Quran in a measured tone ” said, Recite it clearly, do not
disperse it prosaically, nor rave it like raving poetry. Stop where it mentions
wonders, and move the hearts with it, and do not let your only concern be
[to finish] the end of the chapter.' 10
4 - :
76
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a
4. Contemplation
(vlJVi jjjt 4j Li i^juJ idi oLJjj!
“[It is ] a blessed Book that We have sent down to you, so that they may
contemplate its signs, and that those who possess intellect may take
admonishment.” 12
j S *bft t $js WJ j ^ ^ fSLJl <*1* .5191
aJLjj Lg-2 (j~J oSLp
5191. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Verily, there is no good in recitation that does
not have contemplation in it. Verily, there is no good in worship that does
not have understanding.' 14
s : - aLi j oTyUi sjj j* u - fsLJi Up fL*V' .5192
15. or? j et
5192. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when asked about completing the Quran in
one night, said, I do not like it for you to complete it all in less than a
month.' 16
5 - :
5. Humbleness
lyjjl JJ -ills' JjAl All I ^STU O' IjA-aT Oh
l2, (jj-a~ull ^ g CUOJb -iSSfl .i^ljiP tUl^Jl
“Zs it not time yet for those who have faith that their hearts should be
humbled for Allah 's remembrance and to the truth which has come down
[to them], and to be not like those who were given the Book before? Time
took its toll on them and so their hearts were hardened, and many of them
are transgressors” 18
, - oTjJiHj by-o> U1 " dTj a-J_p Alii fOl Jj— y *5193
Alll ■ <jj) 4Jf.lys lil iyi
5193. The Prophet (SAWA), when asked about the people who recite the
best, replied, ’When you hear their recitation, you see that they fear Allah.' 20
U>jj! fL-V' 5>- /i j - iil^ll ^ ^ pU-j JP UjJl jU-f .5194
ISls c 0 IjUll affj 4-01 f f ^JAlh Jl -liy Jl 4-dp
jldl 4j 4pAl dill (JhOj ^S\j jh y' 4Pi*- JS'i Lg-y Uh
5194. Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (AS), Imam al-Rida (AS) constantly recited
the Quran in his bed at night during the path to Khurasan. When he would
read a verse that mentioned Heaven or Hell, he would cry and ask Allah for
99
Heaven or seek refuge from Hell.’
77
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Notes
1.11/213/92 : jijrtijU.
2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 92, p. 213, no. 1 1
3. 98 ! .
4. Quran 1698!
5. 68 / 270 / 2 !
6. Tafsir al-Ayyashi, v. 2, p. 270, no. 68
7. 4 : J3-1I .
8. Quran 734:
9. 247 / 164 : jV .
10. Nawadir al-Rawandi, p. 30
n.29 :
12. Quran 3829:
13.4/211/92:
14. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 92, p. 211, no. 4
15. 1/617/2 :
16. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 617, no. 1
17. 16 ! JuJii-l .
18. Quran 5716:
19. 10/ 195/92 : ^ M-
20. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 92, p. 195, p. 10
21. 5 / 182 / 2 : UjJi jL*4 .
22. Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (AS), v. 2, p. 182, no. 2
78
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1517 - OTyiJl <u*li ja
1517. THOSE WHOM THE QUR'AN CURSES
, jlyiJlj jT yz}\ (Jti , aJTj aJp <4)1 Ajd tj .5195
5195. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Many a reciter of the Quran is cursed
by the Quran itself.' 2
2344 1 tals c .iil L* oTydl Vyu cpJ' ! aJTj aJp .uh .uh .5196
5196. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'You read the Quran and it prevents
you [from sins]. And if it does not prevent you, then you are not reading it
[correctly].' 4
^ aja>. ^ <j 01 ! aJTj <u1p 2)1 2)1 .5197
5197. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'In Hell there is a metal millstone that
grinds the heads of criminal reciters and scholars'. 6
Notes
1. 19/ 184/92 : yA1'
2. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 92, p. 184, p. 19
3.23/10 , ^ -j. £i ,
4. Sharh Nahj al-Balagha li Ibn Abi al-Hadid, v. 10 p. 23
5.254/ 130: .
6. Jami al-Akhbar, p. 130, no. 254
79
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1518 - oT/J'
1518. LISTENING TO THE QUR'AN
u
“When the Quran is recited, listen to it and be silent, maybe you will
receive [Allah ’s] mercy. ” 2
4, g,) jiiii Y , a]Tj 4Jlp .uii .5198
5198. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Verily, whoever yearns for Allah
should listen to the words of Allah.’ 4
d cuyS"" auI i_jLV 4jT i-sjuvl ! dTj aAc- Aiil yil .5199
A^LJLSl Pjj \jy d <U)I < AjT bO C Aj ipLa^ ACC^>-
5199. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Whoever listens to a verse from the
Book of Allah, a multiplied reward will be written for him, and whoever
recites a verse from the Book of Allah, they will have a light on the Day of
Resurrection .’ 6
oU^1 cA °j]jj ^ ^ - f^LJ' a-Ip iaUaJi fiQli -5200
2X4p oTytSl ! ” oTytSl ^1p
\ oU^V'j
5200. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when Zurara asked him whether paying
attention and listening was obligatory upon one who hears the Quran being
recited, replied, ’Yes, if the Quran is recited in your presence, it is obligatory
for you to listen and pay attention.’ 8
Notes
1. 204 : .
2. Quran 7204!
3. 2472 ! Jtldt y£ .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 2472
5. 2316 : judi ^r.
6. Ibid. no. 2316
7. 7 / 222 / 92 : y/h jU .
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 92, p. 222, no. 7
80
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1519 - jwJsli ja >Usii
1519. CAUTION AGAINST PERSONAL
INTERPRETATION
4j\y> 'Jl~3 fj, ^y>~\ l» ; aJ*a>- i&i ju ; aJTj <uip 2ui (_jU^ .5201
5201. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Allah the Exalted has said, ’Those who
interpret My words with their own opinion do not believe in Me.’ 2
U *J&\ \ aJTj aJs- dill ^1*2 Jj~xj .5202
yj&- ^U/2 J oijEil JjEj
5202. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’The worst thing I fear for my
community after me is for someone to interpret the Quran wrongfully.’ 4
Ojj i JAjj i ajI^j jlyLSl jEx® {J* ■ aJlp .5203
5. aAp iil JIS" Lkj-t
5203. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Whoever interprets the Quran with his
own opinion and is correct, will not be rewarded, and if he is wrong, he will
bear the burden of a sin.’ 6
Notes
1. 1 / 107/92 :
2. Ibid. v. 92, p. 107, no. 1
3. 369 ! .
4. Munyat al- Murid, p. 369
5.11 / 110/ 92 : jijAi jU.
6. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 92, p. 110, no. 1 1
81
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328 -
328. THOSE BROUGHT NEAR TO ALLAH
1520 - yjMh
1520. THE ULTIMATE GOAL OF PROXIMITY TO ALLAH
“Ah*/ the Foremost Ones are the foremost ones: they are the ones
brought near [to Allah ]. '
\ ^ ^ jU" oi Uli)
“Then if he be of those brought near, then ease, abundance, and a
garden of bliss. ” 4
3, (oylyUl b£ yp)
“A spring where those brought near [to Allah ] drink.” 6
y) G , jp awI , a! aAp aw! awI (Jy~*y .5204
Alb?-I liU t A^l ‘UiLJb AjJj t aAp b* tli
5204. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Allah, Mighty and Exalted, has said,
'My servant can never come close to Me with something more beloved to
Me than that which I have made obligatory for him, and he can come close
to Me with supererogatory prayers such that I love him. And when I love
him, I will become his hearing that he hears with, his sight that he sees with,
his tongue that he speaks with, his hand that he strikes with. When he prays
to Me, I will answer, and when he asks Me, I will give him.' 7
aJ] aui yp j-w5 .5205
5205. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Whoever has patience for the sake of Allah
will reach Him.' 9
jur j by yi : - yiAi j - aAp .5206
CA> jL*2j! Jj4- c 2E1) ' g.L^aj jUsji Jjlj c 2E1) h oiM
5206. Imam Ali (AS) said in his supplication of Shaban, 'O Allah, grant
me the perfection of devotion to You, and illuminate the sight of our hearts
with the radiance of looking at You until the sight of our hearts pierces
through the veils of light, reaching the source of Exaltedness.' 11
Sfi Ihjju y A A# #*>' Ji AA h ■ (A~Ji *4* y/Adi f yh .5207
12. jJjl jLhy.b
5207. Imam al-’Askari (AS) said, 'Reaching Allah, Mighty and Exalted,
is a journey that cannot be accomplished without mounting the night [i.e.
night vigil].' 13
82
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Notes
1 . 1 1 ^ 1 0 ! .
2. Quran 27 10,1 1 !
3. 89 j 88 ! .
4. Quran 2788,89!
5.28 ! JjiiJail .
6. Quran 83: 28
7. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 352, no. 7
8. 39 / 292 : .
9. al-Daawat, p. 292, no. 39
10. 299 / 3 : JMV' ■
11. Iqbal al-Amal, v. 3, p. 299
12.4/380/78 : ^ M-
13. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 380, no. 4
83
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1521 - &
1521. THE NEAREST PEOPLE TO ALLAH
: aJp Sjb ji la : rwji aJp ^11 .5208
Alii ^.Ljl JJtji eJJbS^ C)jjl*p\jQ.\ Alii ^jA ^.Ljl 4i c ^jb Li
5208. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) narrated, 'Within what Allah revealed unto
David (AS): 'O David, just as the closest people to Allah are the humble
ones, so the farthest away from Allah are the proud ones.' 2
2, LLls- <Uil ^jA 0) : aJp ^jJjLdl fiAb .5209
5209. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, 'The closest of you to Allah are
those who are the most magnanimous of character.' 4
AbLJtll ? yt AWi cli Jjl-^4 a4p JbL*2Jl .5210
^jA ^JlP <ji A c- (Jb*- (3 “Cj-d ApJj i ! I— (^Ul)
b>-2 jAl Jli c ^>-^1 Jp L^Jb-l t aj4j
5.
5210. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'There are three kinds of people who will
be the closest to Allah on the Day of Resurrection, until all are judged. They
are: a person whose power when he is angered does not allow him to wrong
those he has power over; a person who walks between two people and is not
biased to either one of them, not even by the width of a small hair; and the
person who speaks the truth, whether it be for or against him.’ 6
Notes
1. 11 / 123/2 : jisdi.
2. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 123, no. 1 1
3. 24 / 69 / 8 : jisdi .
4. Ibid. v. 8, p. 69, no. 23
5.5/81 : Juai.
6. al-Khisal, p. 81, no. 5
84
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1522 - <uh ji * Lfpk u
1522. WHAT BRINGS ONE NEAR TO ALLAH
yp ^sc~ji aJp iwi 4j ^>-ij oid" : ^scdi aJp yidi ^l*s]i .5211
j«
L *j c ^.iSldl yp (j^jyi^j.1 2p)j lXj L* 4j I 2A°y A_ljl t 9 ■ 41 j^2-^
ji4 iap G-di ij J~S J, yp <■ dj-CGd J. -4*j
.Gp ^*j|
l : jus ? mi j* aa\ liui t cjsfHs ^sl i : yLJi Up jus
‘. aj A&a. 'i J^Sli jdjJi j (4» ^ til 6>s^i
5211. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’One of the things that Allah confided to
Moses (AS) on the mountain is: ’O Moses, inform your people that those
who are close to Me can only come nearer to Me by crying to Me out of awe
of Me, and the best worship performed by My worshippers is restraint
against committing what I have forbidden. Those who adorn themselves for
Me have no better adornment than abstinence from worldly affairs in that
which they can manage without.’ Moses (AS) asked, ’O most Generous of
the generous, so what establishes them upon it?’ He said, ’O Moses, as for
those who come near to Me with crying from My awe, they are in the
loftiest level which they will share with no one.’ 2
ylb ^ £ A A- y) jsLdl CSyu IS) c yp Ij , aJTj aJp awI y^2 awI .5212
~ , ^ ^ a . . .. T aJ)
5212. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’O Ali, if worshippers come close to
their Creator through righteous deeds, then you should come close to Him
with your intellect and you will beat them.’ 4
Aa j aILa^. aJII y -CJtil AyU \ yC~Jl aJp yp .5213
5213. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The servant can come near to Allah, glory be
to Him, by making his intentions sincere.’ 6
t (j udi i y^p ! ycdi aJp yp .5214
2. (jAjyaj.1 oSLp 1
5214. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Observe true sincerity and excellent certainty,
for they are both the best form of worship [carried out] by those brought
near [to Allah].’ 8
Notes
1.1 / 205 : JupSi viy .
2. Thawab al-Amal, p. 205, no. 1
3. 1476 / 439 : ^ sisGl. .
4. Mishkat al- Anwar, p. 251
85
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5. 4477 : j> .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4477
7.6159 : j>.
8. Ibid. no. 6159
86
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329 -j>p
329. THE LOAN
1523 -
1523. THE VIRTUE OF GIVING LOAN
^ aJj ^ ^ jc-l .>?% ail y? yu ^-Ul li y*)
“ Who is it that will lend Allah a good loan, that He may multiply it for
him and [that] there may be a noble reward for him.” 2
Lw. I 4jLdh Li _^L> A ’ yy ■ d aAs* ai I t aW I J .5 1 5
3. 3^-' y ^
5215. The Prophet (SAW A) said, ’Whoever readily lends [money] to a
troubled person and is kind in the request after doing so, Allah will give him
for every dirham one thousand kantars 4 in Heaven.’ 5
air 0 4a j] <y* ■ aJ^- ^ L5^ ^ J .5216
4*Jl 4j ^JL>- aSsj*^! oWa> (j jlSj t 0IS3 (j aJL»
5216. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Whoever gives a loan to a believer and
waits until he is able, his money will be regarded as alms-tax, and the angels
will pray for him until his loan is returned.’ 7
a iy > — w at cy 1 ^xi t <uji .521 7
8 > 0 A < rK y-
■ rr^
5217. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Whoever wants his prayers to be
answered and his grief to be dispelled should relieve a person in difficulty.’ 9
y^y y^y A oy>~\ 4d[ y t--*- ^ yy ■ aTp awI , a!)I .5218
^akl aJp awI fy~ ph aTp
5218. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'If one’s Muslim brother needs a loan
from him and he is able to lend him but does not do so, Allah will prohibit
for this person the smell of Heaven.’ 1 1
y°y t olkp-l dla t oLiT aJp- ^Th y " Jl aJp '^Ip »L*h!l *5219
12 >| x- 'i. ' * I • “ * '• x-f
, 0)Ja>- 0^>w> C oW23
5219. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’He who relies on Him will be sufficed,
whoever asks Him will be given, whoever lends for Him, He will repay him,
and whoever thanks Him will be rewarded.’ 13
li)j I - ^SL-Jl L_gJp j—J-l yi yyy <j ■ ^bLJl aJp ^L»h[l >5220
aJI i.
1-Lp 4j da^i^ia saLali ^jj i)S(j aJi y Aiiali y oj a-j
87
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t oJjSt *7'3 4.11jT dJUU Up j^li Cpij O-bjJJ ^a C otj] -cU-J UApli
plry-p ^yi (j 2JJ ojLiis yuU t £iup Jl^- (j plUyud
5220. Imam Ali (AS), in his will to his son Hasan (AS) said, 'And if you
find a needy person who is deprived who can carry your provision for you
until the Day of Judgment and who will pay you back tomorrow when you
need it, then seize the opportunity and let him hold this provision for you.
Increase in giving provisions to the poor if you are able to, for you might
look for them and not find them. Seize the opportunity to lend someone
when you yourself are free from need so that he may repay you in your time
of difficulty.' 15
yjtp ULJb | pjy^« Ukl p jL yp ■ ^5UJl Up >5221
(3 IjCj aSjUJIj c A (3 7 jAj ^ oi pd3j t SyU j aS-L^JIj t
16. > A
5221. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'It is written on the door of Heaven: [The
reward for] A loan is multiplied by eighteen, and a donation is by ten, and
this is because the loan is not given to anyone other than the hand of a needy
person, whereas the donation may fall into the hands of someone not needy.'
17
18. aJac ot ^ jgi Ua U>J oSf : rsLJi Up & Lyi fL.^1 .5222
5222. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'For me to give a loan is far beloved to
me than acquiring that same amount.’ 19
Notes
I. 11: JyJuJ-l .
2. Quran 57 1 1 1
3. 1 / 341 : JUpSi piy .
4. Kantar (qintar): a substantial weight of gold varying between 45 and 245 kilos (ed.)
5. Thawab al-A’mal, p. 341, no. 1
6. 1 / 166 . JLpU p|y .
7. Ibid. p. 167, no. 4
8. 15398 : judi & .
9. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 15398
10. 707 / 516 : jj-iUJ J,iAt .
II. Amali al-Saduq, p. 350, no. 1
12. 90 aJai-l : spyyi .
13. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 90
14. 31 pt50t : uu .
15. Ibid. Letter 31
16.2/ 138/ 103 : yUi yp.
17. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 103, p. 138, no. 2
18. 4 / 167 : JLpSi pty .
88
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19. Thawab al-Amal, p. 167, no. 4
89
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1524 - jUaJi Js. £J~\
1524. ENJOINMENT TO GIVE RESPITE TO ONE WHO
IS UNABLE TO PAY
5] 4^1 otj of 2^3 o)Ap o^)
if [the debtor] is in straits, let there be a respite until the time of
ease; and if you remit [the debt] as charity, it will be better for you should
you know. ” ~
^JJa 5/ Aili) a1)I aIIsI jiijl ^y> \ aJTj aJp aUI a&I <J y^j i5223
3. sib
5223. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever gives respite to a straitened
person, Allah will shade him with His Shade on the Day when no shade will
avail other than His Shade.' 4
, , aJ i j aAp awi aw! .5224
5224. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Fear the imprecations of a person in
difficulty.’ 6
l f* j-^y dTibjc i)\ hf LaS^ , aJTj aJp aw! ^La? awI .5225
7 f~jJ> Aj I CaaJl P li) o'j~~l>3 jl f^z h! dJl-UKS
5225. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Just as it is not permitted for the one
indebted to you to delay repaying you when he is well-off, so it is also not
permitted for you to put him in difficulty [by demanding repayment] when
you know that he is straitened.' 8
.751 a-jL ! (jbh)
(See also: THE DEBT: section 751)
Notes
1. 280 ! (/M ■
2. Quran 2: 280
3. 1 / 9 / 8 : jisdi .
4. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 9, no. 1
5. 15424 : judi .
6. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 15424
7. 5 / 167 : JupSii .
8. Thawab al-Amal, p. 167, no. 5
90
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330 -
330. ECONOMY
1525 - J iUi'ii Js>
1525. ENCOURAGING AN ECONOMICAL LIVELIHOOD
, - Su&j 4.Q.U1' , UTj 4Up .5220
5226. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Economising in one's expenditure is
half of livelihood.' 2
, ■ A .. c A 4jLflJ ^jA .Uil ULjj b> , aJ|j 4Up dU 4\)1 ^ .5227
5227. The Prophet (SAW A) said, ’There is no spending more loved by
Allah than spending with careful deliberation.’ 4
VjA \ dlj 4Up .ml ^ .5228
5- ;Ih' ^ u*.
5228. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Economising, maintaining silence and
righteous guidance are one part of the twenty-five parts of prophethood.' 6
\ ojh Jp cuIa JuaUi <j£ p : fbLJi Up p .5229
5229. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Whoever adopts moderation his expenditure
will decrease.' 8
r^i ‘ ^ “‘£p>xLp c~«ta SLv^3*yi c^> ! j*WJi aUp .5230
\ aIEcj oyU
5230. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’ Whoever adopts moderation needlessness
will continously accompany him and moderation will make up for his
poverty and shortages' 10
jj&jJl aJc Lh JJb yin] (3 AUii! aUp ^1p .5231
11
5231. Imam Ali (AS) said, He who adopts moderation in richness and
poverty has prepared himself against the adversities of the world.’ 12
I - Ajlij Jcs- aUp 3-1 <j ” aJp (^1p .5232
13
j b -WaSl
5232. Imam Ali (AS) said, in his will to his son Imam Hasan 'O son,
adopt moderation in your livelihood.’ 14
15. iijji iilAj tjuaUi ^ : rsLJi aUp yp fL.^i .5233
5233. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The charachteristic of a beliver is moderation
and his way of life is development.' 16
91
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Notes
1. 5434 : Juuii .
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 5434
3. 17 / 269 / 76 : .
4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 10, no. 67
5. 167/ 1 : >i>i 4^-.
6. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 1, p. 167
7. 15/342/71 : jijflijU.
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 71, p. 342, no. 15
9.9165 : r<Ai j>.
10. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 9165
n.9048 : r<Ai
12. Ibid 9048
13. 8 / 8 ! ^4^ 3'-*^' •
14. Amali al-Tusi, p. 8, no. 8
15. 1501 :
16. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1501
92
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1526 - <>*)' J jjS
1526. THE ROLE OF ECONOMISING IN ONE'S
NEEDLESSNESS
*, Sill oUpI J-A3I ^ ! aJTj aJs- 4S1I .5234
5234. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Whoever economizes, Allah will
enrich them.' 2
3. Up ^1 .5235
5235. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Economising is subsistence.' 4
5. ^4 Lj\^\ t jaui ^4 Su^i : fsLJi aUp fi-vi .5236
5236. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Economising increases the little, and wasting
destroys the abundant.' 6
2. yUA 01 a yoal i <As- JSilXail ^lv^i .5237
5237. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, I guarantee that he who adopts
moderation would not become poor' 8
Notes
1. 167 / 1 ! A ‘ ■
2. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 1, p. 167
3. 67 / 10 / 78 : jU .
4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 10, no. 67
5. 335 1 334 : jA ■
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 334, 335
7. 1721 / 64 / 2 ! Adi 7 ^ v'A .
8. al-Faqih, v. 2, p. 64, no. 1721
93
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331 -
331. RETRIBUTION (qisas)
1527 - Qr**’
1527. LEGISLATION OF RETRIBUTION AND ITS
IMPORTANCE
", (jjJLxJ i-plJhfl ^_|jl b ob>- ^jfi\ .,r? all (j jvSiJj)
“ There is life for you in retribution, O you who possess intellects!
Maybe you will be Godwary. ” 3
L* 4^ip Ijjjipl. 1 ^Ssdp ^jjipl obaj^blj ^l^^bl ^^Jijb ^l^bl
\ 4^1 o' ail i^ajij ^SbJp ^-bpi
“A sacred month for a sacred month, and all sanctities require
retribution. So should anyone aggress against you, assail him in the
manner he assailed you, and be wary of Allah, and know that Allah is
with the Godwary. ” 5
bi^h/b bibhllj olAIj ^Abbi/lj <jAjdb ^/^-ijJb ^j^jLlII bit b^5
2)1 jjjl be ^ bJ ij\lf ^4-® cJ-'-baj" ^jjj^blj ^ybdb
6. (5jij4il jU vlbJjti
“And in it We prescribed for them: a life for a life, an eye for an eye, a
nose foe a nose, and an ear for an ear, a tooth for a tooth, and retaliation
for wounds. Yet whoever remits out of charity, that shall be an atonement
for him. Those who do not judge by who Allah has sent down it is they
who are the wrongdoers. ” 1
<1)1 t bt bh t ^LJl b^ji b ; a] Tj <u!p ail <u)l .5238
ji By^‘ cyt yfj5? yt cuo t uy. ^ b^ji Ji jjS^>
^ / I o j| o ^ ^ ^ ^ y ^ ^ ^
! J^2jLiLL$ a!L«J J oJacJ* J C aIL* jl
l S 1 t ojljjtil jJL£- I
5238. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'O people, verily I am a human being
like you, and it might be that my departure from among you is close, so
whoever I have afflicted whether it be in their honour, one strand of their
hair, their skin, their money, here is the honour, hair, skin, and money of
Muhammad, so they should stand up and take their reprisals! And none of
you should say: I fear the enmity and grudge of Muhammad. Verily, these
two are not of my nature and not of my morals.' 9
94
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a\\ c ^>lji l^jI • ‘uip ^ .5239
, I ^Ul^O I I L c lyiyu
5239. The Prophet (SAWA) said, '0 people, revive retribution and revive
the truth, and do not disperse. Be Muslims and submit and you will be
saved.' 11
... ja \ ^ 6^1 &\ 'j>'} : fbLJi Up ijs. \\sj\ .5240
l2. jUjJJ LaA
5240. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Allah ordained faith to be purification from
polytheism... and retribution to act as prevention of bloodshed.' 13
(oLA ^L^LLil (j aJp- »L»hh .5241
^dJJ oLA 0t3" UfldJ *Ua ^21 aj 4j i Ohf ! "
I^Up- 13) ^>LJl L^jJlS oLAj t ^Jjtaj 01 3ljl <_£4Jl 142> oLAj & aLuij (otS^)
13. 1j<g' all 5ilA J^Ul Jyjj ^ ./? all jl
5241. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS), with regard to Allah's verse in the
Qur'an: “There is life for you in retribution ” said, Because whoever
intends to kill and knows that he will be punished as a result, and refrains
from doing so, there will be [a new] life for the person who he intended to
kill, for the criminal who wanted to kill, and life for people other than these
two who know that retribution is obligatory and they do not dare kill for fear
of retribution.' 15
Notes
I. Qisas: retribution - legal punishment done or given to somebody as a retaliation or
requital for a crime he/she has committed, as prescribed by Islamic Law (ed.)
2. 179 : 5*ji.
3. Quran 2179:
4. 194 : AL)l .
5. Quran 2194:
6. 45 : sjuih .
7. Quran 545:
8.39831 : juut^r.
9. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 39831
10. 15 ^ 53 : -uljj ,30*5/1 .
II. Al-Amali, al-Mufid, p. 53, no. 15
12. 252 ;uAai : apsui .
13. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 252
14. 354 / 595 : fsLJi Up riAi 31 .
15. Tafsir al-Imam Hasan al-Askari (AS), p. 595 no. 354
95
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96
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1528 - j* ji*)'
1528. FORGIVING THE RETRIBUTION
*. iQ-\ Sfi iljiy H i ^p Up \ aJTj aJp 4)1 4)1 .5242
5242. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever forgives blood money, their
reward will be nothing short of Heaven.’ 2
o-tau- f ^ ■ 4 ^up <uji .5243
J, 4j *UP 4^-jS 4j l))l 4jU) hf) 4j Jjj-UUs
5243. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Any person who is afflicted on their
body in any way, and they remit this out of charity, Allah will elevate their
level and demote their mistakes.' 4
Aj
4ii Jjl jp U - fSLJi aUp fi-vi .5244
, Up U j-U) ^up ^54 , ~ (d o)U5^ j g 3
5244. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when asked about Allah's verse: “Yet
whoever remits out of charity, that shall be an atonement for him”, said,
'His sins will be pardoned according to how much he forgave.' 6
(See also: PARDON 284)
. 284 Jij^p
Notes
1.39854 : Juui jA.
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 39854
3.39850 : juui^r.
4. Ibid. no. 39850
5.1 / 358 /7 : ji^i.
6. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 358, no. 1
97
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332 - jAaJIj gA.jg.gi'
332. DECREE AND DESTINY
1529 - jail 'j i-Uaili
1529. DECREE AND DESTINY
*. ill Jpj liSfji ji LJ cif L. Si h:.ygi jj ^
“Say, ‘ Nothing will befall us except what Allah has ordained for us. He
is our master, and in Allah let all the faithful put their trust. ”2
\ (sjb &\ jfSj)
“But in order that Allah may carry through a matter that was bound to
be fulfilled. ” 4
\ (jbis oLiiA b))
“Indeed We have created everything in a measure. ” 6
. ^ 3 aAp ^ ^ .5245
5245. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'And everything has its decreed
measure, even weakness and cleverness.' 8
Ab^*y dll LfO f , aJ Ij aAS' axI .5246
\ ill! cu~f jdl 31>l "d) L» blj J*yL>i
5246. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Even if the angels Israfil, Gabriel,
Mika'il, the bearers of the Throne, and I among them were to pray for you,
you would not marry other than the woman that was written for you.' 10
LU” oAAI | “ Ajb>s^. aXI -LwftA A ~ A*lp ^bUl .524V
* * , bllS"" c b)Al j-li c Ij-ii ^ c ^caL>- -Ui-ULh
5247. Imam Ali (AS), in praising Allah, glory be to Him, said, 'I praise
Him for Himself as He has requested praise from His creation, and He made
a decreed measure for everything, and for every decree a due date, and for
every date a record.' 12
cyt Jlaj u j y cyt Jy3 1 ^ jy 3yt "j~? jbii , aJp ^Ip .5248
Aill JjD- Csf2-* t Ai)l j fyd f Aill
5248. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Destiny is one of the secrets of Allah, one of
the veils of Allah, one of the amulets of Allah. It is upheld in the veil of
Allah and concealed from Allah's creation.' 14
&js y-. : - /bi\ j* y-j aJIa - rsLJi Up ^Lp ’ySi .5249
jy»i Ll ! JlS , AjjldjJ aXI ; 3^ ■ jb Jl ^J^P LjoCl (. ^jyLayll jy° 1 b ! Jli ,
S3 'jpt S Cjy. cUi L.I | tjli , j-tUl ^p b^>Al c
98
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5249. Imam Ali (AS), when asked by a man about destiny said, '[It is] a
deep sea, so do not delve into it. The man asked, '0 Commander of the
Faithful, inform us about destiny.' The Imam said, 'It is the secret of Allah,
so do not trouble yourself with it.' The man then asked [again], 'O
Commander of the Faithful, inform us about destiny.' The Imam said,
'Seeing as you are refusing [and insisting], it is a matter between two
extremes - neither predestination nor absolute free will.’ 16
\ l jj-Lad! s* JIjjLU ! ^Sk~Jl Up :"j1p .5250
17.
5250. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Destiny holds sway over [our] calculations
until calamity ruins our calculations.' 18
JO-U Jl (j I jJ-iULi-li \ I (Jjj \ ^“AUl Up ^Lp ^La'Sfl .5251
19
5251. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'All things surrender to destiny so much so
that [sometimes our] calculations will be ruined.’ 20
% t &\ jiA ^ jiiiA jUJij iUaUi Si : ^scji Up iubi .5252
1LU C jjlSki (3 -qjj
5252. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Decree and destiny are two creations
from among the creations of Allah, and Allah increases in His creation how
He wills.’ 22
Up pib Jtsbl i5>l yAJijl Sis'lil : fSUJl (jiLbl flDll .5253
■ (*-&4p Up /j (’-&/!
5253. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’When the Day of Resurrection comes
and Allah will gather all His creation, He will ask what He entrusted with
24
them, and will not ask about what He destined for them.'
i i \ .a oj-d lit* t Bjjs t lj* si \j\ is) ajSi j] i j»scdi up (jj^iusi ^u'sfi .5254
0U2A 0U2J ISIS
5254. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’When Allah wants something, He
decrees it, and when He decrees it He issues His command, and when He
issues His command He executes it.' 26
27 „ udU J L. ILj jp UJ.I : fSUJl Up £alAl ^lUl .5255
5255. Imam al-Hadi (AS) said, 'Predeterminations show you what would
28
have never crossed your mind.'
Notes
1.51 ! AjyJ' .
2. Quran 95 1 !
3. 42 : JuAi .
99
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4. Quran 842:
5. 49 : -U' .
6. Quran 5549:
7. 499 : JtuJi .
8. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 499
9. 501 : JUjJI .
10. Ibid. no. 501
11. 183 .
12. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 183
13. 32 / 383 : .
14. al-Tawhid, p. 383 no. 32
15. 1567 : .
16. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 1567
17. 459 : 1 .
18. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 459
19. 16 s-SCJ-l : .
20. Ibid. Saying 16
21. 1 / 364 : .
22. al-Tawhid, p. 364, no. 1
23. 33 : SydJl SjjJl .
24. al-Durra al-Bahira, p. 33
25. 64 / 121 / 5 : j'v7' jU.
26. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 5, p. 121, no. 64
27. 311 : jjjJI (OUt.
28. Alam al-Din, p. 311
100
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1530 - J Jp jJLahj tUaUt 4jhf
1530. THE WRITING OF DECREE AND DESTINY FOR
PEOPLE IN THE WOMB
LS"* I3[ , “ i3 4jiL>- Adp JiiLSl .5256
c V 1-toL. jl LLi c . j L , . i i ty\5\L L)l CuL ^*1
? - s.LLl eJJi S-Ipj - aJL>- Jls"1 ^3 *A)j aJlJ-I L» t LjJ L ! j ^jJLs
* , A^A^P <j\j JSLtJ.1 oL^sjj
5256. Imam al-Baqir (AS), with regards to the creation of the human in
the womb said, 'When four months are completed, Allah sends two creative
angels...., and they ask, 'O Lord, shall it be wretched or prosperous?' Again,
they are commanded, and they then ask, 'O Lord, what is its due date of
death, its sustenance, and all other matters relating to its state - [and he
listed some of them]-?' And they then go about writing a covenant between
his eyes.' 2
Jp Ji f : - W - f^LJi aLp jsui .5257
5257. Imam al-Baqir (AS), said, ’And then Allah will reveal unto the two
angels, ’Write for him My decree and destiny, and the execution of My
command, and reserve My condition of changing [of a divine ruling] (bida’)
among what you write.’ 4
Notes
t.3/13/6 : ^i.
2. al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 13, no. 3
3. 4 / 14 / 6 : jisdi .
4. Ibid. v. 6, p. 14, no. 4
101
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1531 - ^ o\^a£ U
1531. WHATEVER ALLAH DECREES FOR A BELIEVER
IS GOOD
(j^-) 034^ 4^ jUas (j , aJTj <uip aui 4^ .5258
5258. The Prophet (AS) said, 'In every decree of Allah's, Mighty and
Exalted, there is good for the believer.' 2
aJ ^jp &\ y ^141 tjili : rbLJl a2p (iiLUJl flUl .5259
jjj C aJ jlT (j/2JjUll.lj jjj C aJ 1 jU- jlS"" hh tUas
'' , aJ 41S"" L4jUt^j
5259. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'How wonderful for a Muslim that Allah
does not ordain a fate for him unless it is good for him, even if he was to be
cut with scissors it would be for his benefit, and even if he was to own the
east side of the world and the west, it would be for his good.' 4
iiii tju~ hh aj s-Uaj a&i aJp .5260
^ , .*> at SyllM aJ
5260. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Any fate that Allah decrees for a
believer which he is pleased with, Allah will place good in what He
decreed.' 6
.272 sU ! uu (jUi)
(See also: THE ORDEAL, section 272)
Notes
1. 42 / 141 / 1 : upi jiU q*p.
2. 'Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (AS), v. 1, p. 141, no. 42
3. 8 / 62 / 2 : jisdi .
4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 62, no. 8
5. 123 / 59 ! .
6. al-Tamhis, p. 59, no. 123
102
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1532 - f-Ualib JaJi £ Ja
1532. ONE WHO IS NOT CONTENT WITH THE DECREE
^jUaJL 'jfi i ! ibW- Q>- Sill Jli ! aJTj <u!p /Sil 4il Jj~. j ,5261
l I ✓ # o ^ ^ x
■ LSy^" 0^3"
5261. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Allah Almighty says, 'Whoever is not
pleased with My decree and does not believe in My destiny should beseech
another god.' 2
£.1 a}s a\ blAp ^lji lit ^slji Up *1* .5262
5262. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The people with the worst punishment on the
Day of Judgment will be those who resented the decree of Allah.' 4
dill $\ y2jd ^tl^l ujh LjjJl ^lp {J* ■ ^bCdl ddp l^lp ,5263
8, Lk>-L.
5263. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Whoever wakes up upset with the world has
woken up resentful of the decree of Allah.' 6
7! ? lit! ipi^u Lnr^^i 6is"isi : fWJi Up Ji .5264
5264. Imam al-Askari (AS) said, ’Since decrees are concealed, wherefore
the need for begging?!’ 8
.832 ! (1) (jfsjl)
(See also: SATISFACTION WITH ALLAH'S DIVINE DECREE: section
832)
Notes
1.42/ 141 / 1 : u^JijLpto^.
2,'Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (AS), v. 1, p. 141, no. 42
3. 3225 : (4^-i .
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3225
5. 228 \ ip^ui .
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 228
7. 21 / 147 : >L!l :uy .
8. Nuzhat al-Na?ir, p. 147, no. 21
103
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1533 - jAah j* ja u
1533. WHAT IS PART OF FATE
5-Li Lc iLiu ^v1 £-4) c j-LaJl ^.IjjJI , aJTj aAp .Ull ^1 *5265
5265. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The remedy is a part of fate, and He
helps whom He wills and however He wills.' 2
, aj AJ — d aAp .Uil ^lil >5266
« ^ ^ s s s & s t c ^
~ , 4&I jji Jj | ■ ? 4&I j c c 1_4 ^ijwJ
5266. The Prophet (SAWA), when asked, 'Have you seen medicine that
we can cure ourselves with, amulets we can protect ourselves with, and
things we can do to repel the destiny of Allah?' He replied, 'They are all part
of the destiny of Allah.' 4
aJLw** ‘dlj *,tO )i _CLP “ A-J-P «5267
Lolj l^lg-3 b» c a^_Cvn_JI j a^-1 ji>- | " ? jJSj | ^LxJl
]g ciJJi l)IS^ c U*L>- IjJJj gA 9 Aiui? dJ-LJ , , , jJJj %\*/2 6 J A*ij lj jlp
4^1 ^ j 4^1 C-o^ c d-dLfladlj tLaljxll wLPjJlj J-PjJl
o-rtp cpIyA (JUL* dJJi t i^. jly^ g,jl c
Lyi*J ij c iy.J^ yxi\ ^jS- 1^4 jA-b y>\ dill ‘ bg~^£j ■■■ jbj^l
A aiA. Sj i Iaj^A «iol A
5267. Imam Ali (AS), returning from the Battle of Siffin, in answer to an
old man who asked him about their journey to Syria: 'Is this fate or destiny?'
said, 'By He who created the seed and made the human being, we have not
gone through a valley or ascended a mountain without it being our fate and
destiny.... You might think this to be imperative fate and inevitable destiny.
If this were so then promise of reward (wad) and threat of penalty (waid),
would cease to apply, and reward and punishment would become null. Allah
would not blame the sinners, nor would He praise the good-doers. The
benevolent would not be more worthy of reward for good deeds than the
sinner, which is the belief of the idol worshippers.... and the Magians.
However, Allah has commanded good by choice and forbidden evil by
warning, and He is not disobeyed helplessly, nor obeyed forcefully or
freely, and nor does He give man absolute control.' 6
Jajh>- ^JjL« Afl JAp aAp ^jc^ji.1 0) ! AjLo o*1 -5268
jii 4&I g-Li?.£ /y» \ jlS ! ? 4&1 g.Lj?3 ^y» jOj t jll jy> 1 b | iJ C j>-~\
tp ill
104
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5268. Ibn Nubata narrated, 'The Commander of the Faithful (AS)
swerved away from a leaning wall away to another wall, so he was asked, '0
Commander of the Faithful, are you fleeing from the decree of Allah?' He
said, 'I flee from the decree of Allah to the destiny of Allah, Mighty and
Exalted.' 8
Notes
1.28082 :
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 28082
3.633 : judijAT.
4. Ibid. no. 633
5. 1560 : JUdt .
6. Ibid. no. 1560
7. 3 / 2 / 41 : i jU .
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 41, p. 2, no. 3
105
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333 -
333. JUDGMENT (in a Court of Justice)
1534 -
1534. THE IMPORTANCE OF THE STATUS OF
JUDGMENT
a 1 1 ^-3 ^3 Oy 3 ‘uylp- iiUbt>" lj[ j>JE Lj)
, Lc 3.3^ ._3»ap ^3 4WI /^p Oyl ■ o[ <ujI y^-*1 3^
“O David! Indeed We have made you a vicegerent on the earth. So
judge between people with justice, and do not follow desire, or it will lead
you astray from the way of Allah. Indeed those who stray from the way of
Allah there is a severe punishment for them because of their forgetting the
Day of Reckoning. ” 2
1^44 s L44 b : - ^4 - yLJi 4*1p yp .5269
3- j' y t^3 j' y
5269. Imam Ali (AS) said to Shurayh, ’0 Shurayh, you are sitting on a
seat that only the likes of prophets, successors of prophets or wretched
people sit on.' 4
Wj ul /isu - yLJi a3p yp y*V' -5270
C jy^Al 4j ^ C 3 d .‘/0?S L/V y>-l
iJLJij jJxJ Sly c 454 li) (jSM 3? t jdJJl 3 X? 4
0>d!-L) ^AS-Tj c 3 s ol*2 jyi 3->b y^s X? ‘ yp
c -y (*4b4^b ‘ i yp j^Ayg^b ‘ yy
", ajL/2^ 3laLj^ 4^ /* t yE eJ^ijb ^ 4 yi 444*3 y ^ 34
5270. Imam Ali (AS), in a letter he wrote to al-Ashtar when he made him
governor of Egypt, said, ’...Then choose for judgment between people the
best of your subjects, who are of excellent character and high caliber and for
whom no issue or case is hard. They must not lose their temper, disputes
should not let him fall astray they should not exceed in their mistakes, and
when the truth is made clear to them they should not hesitate to accept it
[change their verdict] . They should not lean towards greed. They should not
satisfy themselves with the lowest of understanding over the highest, they
must be more precautious than anyone else in doubtful and ambiguous
matters. They must attach the greatest importance to reasoning, arguments
and proofs. They must exhibit the least annoyance at seeing the opponent,
be the most patient in scanning details, and most serious in the issuing of a
verdict when the matter is clear. The praisings of people should not deceive
them. They should not be misled by flattery, but unfortunately such people
106
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are few. After you have selected such men to act as your judges, make it a
point to go through some of their judgments and to check their proceedings.'
6
Uh I aJlp >5271
7. & ts^3 ‘ ij 4 jUallL jiL*Jl
5271. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Beware of governance, for verily
governance is for the leader who is knowledgeable about judgment, just
among the Muslims, and for a prophet or the successor of a prophet.' 8
Notes
t.26 : j*.
2. Quran 3826:
3. 2 / 406 / 7 : jisdt .
4. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 406, no. 2
5. 53 .
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 52
7. 1 / 406 / 7 : jisdt .
8. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 406, no. 1
107
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1535 - cjjbM ji
1535. BRINGING A CASE FOR JUDGMENT BEFORE A
TYRANT
jl jy-bjj 3} jl Laj 213] jjjt Lc gj y jll)
' , IjJjjSvj O' -Uj
“Have you not regarded those who claim that they believe in what has
been sent down to you, and what was sent down before you? They desire
to seek the judgment of the Rebel, though they were commanded to defy
it”1
L^A 0^-0 LcU 4J OjO-LlaJl y* \ ~ cLj\y» f y/s f ‘LpjLA l ^ ^ - --y
' , 4j JjjSsJ O' dX' ff -Uj L >■ U'i 00-' 4j Os'
iJ LxjIj ajiS~
oir o|j
5272. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with regard to two of his companions who
went to be judged before a tyrant in a dispute they had about a loan or
inheritance, said, 'Whoever goes to be judged before a tyrant and he judges
in favour of one of them, whatever he is compensated is unlawful, even if it
was rightfully his, because he took it by judgment of a tyrant when Allah
has ordered him to reject the tyrant.' 4
t jjAl Jjssl gj L^zaj p4""L4 O' aAp Jj^LvaJ' »La*)[' .5273
lOoLi aOjLO -U LLLO2J yy Lq*^ 4-1*) cii 3j ^ ' ' 0 r^3
5. Jl IjiiWi
5273. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Beware of seeking judgment amongst
yourselves from oppressors. Rather, try to find a person among you who has
some knowledge about our legal edicts and make him judge between you,
for I have made such a person [with these qualifications] a judge, so seek
judgment from him.' 6
Notes
1. 60 : a~Ji .
2. Quran 460 !
3.5/412/7 : jisdi.
4. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 412, no. 5
5. 3216 / 2 / 3 ! “UiOl L! y .
6. al-Faqih, v. 3, p. 2, no. 3216
108
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1536 - «-Uajdl Ojjla?-
1536. THE DANGER IN THE OCCUPATION OF A JUDGE
jJl) JjLi Lvsli ) aJTj ^Jlp Aill .5274
: jlj ! 3^ ^ c <Ui! 3^'*’J 9 ■
5274. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever has been [wrongfully]
appointed judge has been slaughtered without a knife.' He was asked, 'O
Messenger of Allah, and what is meant by slaughtering?' He said, 'The Fire
of Hell.’ 2
AaLJLSl Pjjj
4j s.
o] . dij a4p 4^ 3y-~*j .5275
£ -
'' . Jas ijyc (j jjol (j^j (_5-A* jjSL *1/ jl b« o-Li
5275. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’The just judge will be brought forward
on the Day of Judgment and will be judged so severely that he will wish that
he never judged between two people for so much as a date.’ 4
o-Li ^ di o] : aAp .5276
6! !“(>- -Lil oLJ2jjJ1 Ots $ ^ 3^-^
5276. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’The Nawawis [a place in Hell]
complained to Allah about the severity of the heat within them, so He said
to them, ’Quiet! For the resting place of the judges is more severe in heat
than yours!’ 7
Notes
1. 21233 / 243 / 17 : .
2. Mustadrak al-Wasa'il, v. 17, p. 243, no. 21233
3. 14988 ! Jlldl .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 14988
5. (j *-4>y •
6. 3226 / 6 / 3 ! »a^= 7 j* .
7. al-Faqih, v. 3, p. 6, no. 3226
109
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1537 - L&
1537. SEEKING JUDGMENT
(Jl JS] <U9 t\ ./? all ^xljl jji ■ aJTj a4 S- <4)1 Jj—j .5277
*, OJ-LCd iSvli aJLp <4)1 Jjjl <uip OjSi 3 t <U~jjj
5277. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever seeks to be a judge and asks
the mediators will be left to himself, and whoever is forced in doing so,
Allah will bring down to him an angel to protect him.' 2
2, jUaJLil (j <dlaJl h! ! aJp ijjlXsJl *5278
5278. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A person of little legal knowledge
should not desire to be a judge.’ 4
Notes
1. 14994 >r.
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 14994
3. 5 / 264 / 104 : ^ M .
4. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 104, p. 264, no. 5
110
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1538 - obT
1538. THE ETIQUETTE OF JUDGING
Jy SLaIjII “ 1 :
a. Equity Between Opposing Plaintiffs
^ cj Cjyi s-bajiilj ^ ^ j yjp au! : ^ y^y ■52,79
^ , A^T^-J 0-CxJL»j AjjLjhj dlj4- ^
5279. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever is stricken with having to
judge between Muslims must do so with fairness, in his glance, his
indications, his sitting, and his gatherings.' 2
dJjLkcij uy f ~ aJp yp .5280
2. lid-tp /^a iijjj p t \DjlS- (j jgj l
5280. Imam Ali (AS), speaking to Shurayh said, '...And act with equity
between the Muslims with your face, speech, and sitting, in order that those
who are close to you will not hope for bias from you, nor will your enemies
despair of your justice.' 4
jLd cjl — <-J :
b. The Judge Should Not Raise His Voice over the Plaintiff's
js- djp aIp js- aJl. ij. jgjjji aj—Sli a dp yp ^La^i .5281
5. ur^ iyij <3i ' " df£ jlj ^ jAj jUaJl
5281. Imam Ali, speaking to Abu al-Aswad al-Du?ali when he asked the
Imam about the reason why he was discharged from being a judge, when he
had neither been treacherous nor committed a crime, replied, 'I saw that
your voice was raised above the voice of your plaintiffs.' 6
,jte\\ (J ^ :
c. Not Becoming Irritated
(j aJp yp .5282
2. jjSfb 1 Ad aJ)I t f ./? all
5282. Imam Ali (AS) said to Shurayh, 'Beware of becoming bored and
irritated in the court of justice, wherein Allah has prescribed a reward and
for which there will be good provision for he who judges honestly.' 8
bu yU** '^aju ^ i :
d. Not Passing Judgment before Listening to Both Sides
111
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klLJl lil ! - V>LJl aJp y*J - aJTj aJip <&l y_*2 <5il Jj~-j .5283
2d) dTh eJju $ ^>- °~ sta
\ aJTj aJp <5ll y_*^ yjl S3 jlij t Lb’ll Ia.1*j cJj Ui ! ^bLJl aJlp yip Jli
9. s-Ua^Jl “U-J-® ji4hl
5283. The Prophet (SAW A) said to Imam Ali (AS), 'When two people
bring a case against each other before you to be judged, do not judge the
first before you hear out the second. If you adhere to this, judging will
become clear for you.’ Imam Ali (AS) said, 'And after that I continued to be
a judge.' The Prophet (SAW A) said [supplicating for him], 'O Allah, make
him understand judgment.' 10
(J fUaall - jt :
e. Not Passing Judgment While Angry
o[j i \ '\js~\ jL~j s i - ^j^iJ - aJp yip’ .5284
^ , 0 1 w2p C-J li y2 a" bta t
jvJI3 c.. : •/? P
5284. Imam Ali (AS), said to Shurayh, 'Do not whisper to anyone in your
court, and if you get angry leave, and do not judge whilst you are angry.'
y&w jAj CM - j :
12
f. Not Passing Judgment Whilst Being Overcome by Sleep
jjlj jl aITj aJp aS)I ^ J y^j jvSipi .5285
' ' . jl £jl>- j' ‘ ji • P
5285. Daa'im al-Islam: 'The Prophet (SAW A) forbade for a judge to pass
judgment whilst being angry, hungry or tired.' 14
jLidaP jl bllPj^- jAj *i ill ■ j :
g. Not Passing Judgment While Hungry or Thirsty
hfj (jvc) ijb h! . aJTj aJp Alll *)>1 1 .5286
15. iiGj
5286. The Prophet (SAWA) said, The judge should not pass judgment
between two people unless he is satiated with food and water.' 16
t\ ./? all 1 j*d^- (j aJp yip .5287
17
5287. Imam Ali (AS), said to Shurayh, 'Do not sit in a session of justice
1 8
until you have eaten.'
^ ill - ^ :
112
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h. Not Hosting Any of the Plaintiffs as a Guest
jjj t/4-j Ol ! <uip JblAdl ,5288
Ajtaj 5ll j --^Al (. j! L^2J
5288. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) narrated, 'A person was a guest of the
Commander of the Faithful (AS) and stayed with him for some days. He
then presented him with a prior dispute that he had not mentioned to him
(AS). The Imam said to him, 'Are you making a formal complaint?' He said,
'Yes.' The Imam said, 'Transfer from us [from our house], for the Messenger
of Allah (SAWA) forbade the hosting of a plaintiff [for whom one is judge]
9Q
unless the rival plaintiff is also with him.'
jllj *}! 01 ■ Js :
i. Not Suborning the Witnesses
4 ■ *3 (9 ( 5411 .5289
5289. It is narrated in Mustadrak al-Wasa?il: The Prophet (SAWA)
forbade the judge to favour one of the plaintiffs [over the other] by looking
at him too much or paying more attention to him, and he also forbade
suborning witnesses.' 22
Notes
1. 15032 : Jti-Ji >A.
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 15032
3. 1 / 155 / 18 ! .
4. Wasa?il al-Shia, v. 18, p. 155, no. 1
5. 5 / 343 / 2 : JSUi Jy .
6. Awali al-La'ali, v. 2, p. 343, no. 5
7. 1/413/7 : jisdi.
8. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 413, no. 1
9. 3238 / 13 / 3 ! “uiiJi ^ .
10. al-Faqih, v. 3, p. 13, no. 3238
n.5/413/7 : jisdi.
12. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 413, no. 5
13. 1907 / 537 / 2 : rWA' ^ •
14. Daa’im al-Islam, v. 2 p. 537, no. 1907
15. 15040 : JUAl .
16. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 15040
17. 1 / 413/7 : jisdi.
113
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18. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 413, no. 1
19.4/413/7 :
20. Ibid. v. 7, p. 413, no. 4
21. 21549 / 350 / 17 : iljjo™. .
22. Mustadrak al-Wasa?il, v. 17, p. 350, no. 21549
114
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1539 - aUaall j * aSaxJ j*
1539. THE JUDGES WHOSE MISTAKES ALLAH
REMEDIES
hh oUai ^ u ; aJTj <u!p <Sii y_*» 4J11 Jj'-’j .5290
Ot5ilJ.I 4^ fgj laJLdu JL>-j o^lp Sljl ISls c o}>p y 015*3-*
5290. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'There is no Muslim judge who does
not have two angels guiding him to the truth as long as he does not seek
other than this [i.e. the truth]. If he does want other than the truth and
intentionally gives wrong edicts, the two angels disown him and entrust him
to his own [base] self.' 2
lit* 1 1 Tf .j ^\J~\ ^yj\j jy Aiil Jj I aJp yp .5291
3. Ji flii aIs3
5291. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The Hand of Allah hovers above the head of
the judge with mercy. If he gives unjust rulings, Allah entrusts him to his
own self.’ 4
Notes
1. 14993 : judi^r.
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 14993
3. 1 / 410/7 : jisdt.
4. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 410, no. 1
115
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1540 - 3U aaJl
1540. TYPES OF JUDGES
\ aIAI jUJl | ol ya aJ' ! a4p i5292
t jUi j j4* ^ Zfijj ‘ j'J' j j4* jU*i y>j ^4-j
1 ■ 3^-' <3 j4* p-Ui y>j 3^ L?^* ‘ jLJ' j j4® (U*5 ^ >*? 3^
5292. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Judges are of four types, three of them
are in the Hellfire, and one in Heaven: a person who knowingly judges
wrongfully is in the Hellfire; a person who unknowingly judges wrongfully
is in the Hellfire; a person who unknowingly judges with truth is in the
Hellfire; and a person who knowingly judges with truth is in Heaven.' 2
Notes
1. 1 / 407 / 7 : jisdi .
2. Ibid. v. 7, p. 407, no. 1
116
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1541 - 5Ual
1541. JUST JUDGES
jAl. jiS-l Jopt : r*>LJl Up *Jl p fL.}l .5293
5293. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The most just of creation is he who is the
most best in judging according to the truth.’ 2
3. jsM sui ^Q\ j3~ : aUp *1p .5294
5294. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The best of people are the judges of truth.’ 4
Notes
1.3014 : r<Ai j>.
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3014
3. 20 / 266 / 104 : M .
4. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 104, p. 266, no. 20
117
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1542 - 323b iuUi
1542. JUDGING WITH CLEAR EVIDENCE
cpjjps (3 osL>-^ aA . (b ~ d i j aJp awi .5295
jp- ^ aJ o-iaj t ^ rikii '{y~\ jl £j*l ! ■ cprijS
^JL>- C <Ujl L | (jdApi Jjrij ^JS~ aJ Jb&i C jLjl ^y» Ax. aJ phri LclS A^ri
', a^>-Lp L^Ssj^ d^-lj JJ^' p L_gxA p L^-Jd5 bJol ■ (-Jb^i V ^^-Lpj 1-ri
5295. The Prophet (SAWA) said to two men when they came to him with
a dispute about the inheritance and things that had became effaced, ’One of
you might be more agile in his evidence than the other. So if I was to judge
something in his favour that was [actually] from the right of his brother,
then I am giving him a part of Hell.’ Each of the two men asked him, ’O
Messenger of Allah, does this right of mine belong to my companion?' He
replied, '[No], But go and become brothers and have compassion, and each
of you should forgive the other.' 2
cj -lij ^ “ aJTj dip aWI aW^ <Jyp; >5296
d dA j[ ; Jis ! ^d’jb Adsjj A&iy ji[ \ Jis i ddi* \ Jis A ! jis ? dii ririt -
, 3 Li . pjl 4, >l-ip Ap dSjjl riLriSl ^JJ dl[ AWl jlih h/ jlS" AAjrij did^jb
3- ^ ^
5296. The Prophet (SAWA), speaking to Imri? al-Qays who was in a
dispute with another person about a piece of land, said, ’Do you have
evidence?’ He said, ’No’. The Prophet said, ’Then make him swear [by
Allah].’ He said, ’In that case, by Allah he will take my land!’ The Prophet
said, ’If by falsely swearing this person takes the land, he will be among
those whom Allah will not look at on the Day of Judgment and He will not
purify him, and he will be severely punished.’ He said, ’The person became
frightened as a result and returned the land to him.’ 4
^ik. i^s IaSii Js. bbgd : p>LJi Up sjp .5297
ti^Li JpUs jlS' IS] t Aj^pl \ ,^3bl
5. jv^A’b jt- Jlri h/y jv4jSLjA oj U-
5297. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There are five things a judge must accept at
face value: guardianship, marriage, inheritance, slaughtering, and
witnessings. If the witness appears trustworthy, their testimony is permitted,
and they should not be asked about their inner aspects.’ 6
- pui ^ipj Jp - jt pis fis isi : pArii ^ (jiriaJi ^\sj\ .5298
2, Arijt) aWI ri-^Ju L Ari S (. SjE ,jAJ
5298. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'When al-Qaim [the one who will rise]
from the household of Muhammad [i.e. the Mahdi] reappears - peace be
118
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upon him and them - he will judge among people as the the judging of
Prophet David (AS). He will not need evidence as Allah, most High, will
inspire into him and he will judge with his knowledge.' 8
Notes
1. 279 ! .
2. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 279
3. 17 1 / 2 ! 7®!?^ .
4. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 171
5.88/311 : JU2-I.
6. al-Khisal, p. 311, no. 88
7. 23 / 14/ 14 : jijrtiji*.
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 14, p. 14, no. 23
119
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1543 - i»j&- uh uf : jj3 !
1543. THE SAYING OF Imam Ali: THIS IS INDEED LIKE
A COURT OF JUSTICE'
! ^ ^ i2j d , i ^ ; - ■ ^A2i ajJj ijy.
5299. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) narrated, 'Verily, the Commander of the
Faithful (AS) made the school children put their writing tablets in front of
him so as to choose from them, so he exclaimed, 'This is indeed like a court
of justice, and injustice here is like injustice in a verdict! Inform your
teacher that if he was to hit you more than three hits for discipline, he will
be penalized.' 2
Notes
1.2 / 582 / 18 ! s^iji JrL-j .
2. Wasa?il al-Shia, v. 18, p. 582, no. 2
120
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334 -
334. THE HEART
1544 - ii&i
&
(. y jJl
1544. THE HEART
t 3 b' 3 ^ 01 I a!Tj
e i- * ' s.
3LLv£?1j c01j^*“^AJ £ L^Ly£?lj t
iii jj-j .5300
Ail I g,) t UjjJjjjl
* . <5)1 oli j Lj/La’Ij
5300. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Allah, most High, has receptacles on
the earth, and verily they are the hearts. The most beloved of hearts to Allah
are the softest ones, the purest ones, and the firmest ones: those that are the
softest to their brothers, those that are the most pure from sins, and those
that are the firmest in the path of Allah.’ 2
^ 5)) '■ ^ (_s^ ^ J .5301
3. (Ji
5301. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Allah Almighty does not look at your
appearances, nor at your possessions, rather he looks at your hearts and
actions.’ 4
5. yds djjdi : rWJi Up .5302
5302. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The heart is the book of the sight.’ 6
7. iaIpjI i Upji oJu j) ; aUp .5303
5303. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Verily these hearts are receptacles, and the
best of them are the most receptive.’ 8
c \ ‘Up' juvui .5304
9
5304. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’The place of the intellect is the brain,
and the place of cruelty and softness is in the heart.’ 10
y> aJjU y* y | <u1p JUVUl .5305
n- ^
5305. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’The status of the heart to the body is the
same as that of a leader among people.’ 12
y ^ cli • t aUp .5300
(JLap-s[Ij
5306. Imam al-Jawad (AS) said, ’Seeking Allah with the hearts is more
effective than tiring the limbs with actions.’ 14
121
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Notes
1. 1225 : Juuii .
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 1225
3. 1162 / 536 : Ji3s!i .
4. Amali al-Tusi, p. 536, no. 1 162
5. 409 slXu : usyi gj .
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 409
7. 147 i .
8. Ibid. Saying 147
9. 371 ! .
10. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 371
11. 8 / 109 : jip.
12. Hal al-Sharai, p. 109, no. 8
13. 39 : SydJl SjjJl .
14. al-Durra al-Bahira, p. 39
122
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1545 - cJiJt
1545. SOUNDNESS OF THE HEART
1 . <5)1 1 *^1 ^ jjL Sj jLa LLL ^ ^ j X?)
“Do raof disgrace me on the day that they will be resurrected, the day
when neither wealth nor children will avail, except him who comes to
Allah with a sound heart. ” 2
i Jjij ail ^j>\ ^y> aJjS (j - f>L~ji “uip dLLaji ^La'yi .5307
j g* ji ^ ^ js~\ aa c ajj c^dJi fdLJi LAdi : -
o 1*
" . -kiL -
5307. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with respect to Allah's verse in the Qur'an:
“except him who comes to Allah with a sound heart ” said, 'A sound heart
that meets its Lord having nothing other than Him in it. Every heart that has
polytheism or doubt is a failed heart.' 4
ujJi cj~ y> lLl g;jji LdUi ji : - hJ - ^slji Lt fL.Ni .5308
5
5308. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), also said, 'It is a heart that is safe from the
love of this world.' 6
*_^JaJl LgAodjj .-jl^g JuJl L^j 3>y£- i L* LajJaI I ; ^SLLl aJp .5309
5309. Prophet Jesus (AS) said, 'As long as the hearts are not punctured
with desires and polluted with greed and hardened by bounties, they will be
vessels of wisdom.’ s
dJ La o^ajLU tJ Js- 2JAS AU fLl y : f*>LJl Lp fL-Vl .5310
9. IL^Ll
5310. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Your heart will not be sound unless you love
for the believers what you love for yourself.' 10
u. oi^dji j* 'j& La ^jiiJi fLt : fSLJi aLp i^rJ-i fL.Ni .5311
5311. Imam Hasan (AS) said, 'The soundest of hearts is the heart that is
pure of obscure matters.' 12
a^SL. i a^“A£JI a_~LLa5^ S ' f>LJl aJp JSLJl f LaN 1 .5312
13. yiSJl
5312. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'There is no knowledge like the
acquirement of wellbeing [for oneself], and there is no wellbeing like the
soundness of the heart.' 14
123
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Notes
1.89 - 87 :
2. Quran 2689- 87!
3.5/16/2 : ji&i.
4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 16, no. 5
5. 305 / 7 : out ^ .
6. Majma al-Bayan v7 p 305
7. 504 : JyuJi .
8. Tuhaf al-'Uqul, p. 504
9. 64 / 8 / 78 : .
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 8, no. 64
11. 235 ! .
12. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 235
13. 1 / 164/78
14. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 164, no. 1
124
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1546 - &
1546. THE EYE OF THE HEART
Ip 01 . aJTj a2p awI amI .5313
*. ojS^j.1 Jl ijjjklJ
5313. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'If it was not for the devils hovering
around the hearts of human beings, they would be able to see the Divine
Kingdom (malakut).' 2
lij\ jur j - sL-L^u j - fbLJi Adp ^Lp ^l»^i .5314
t jjdl JL* 2jI Jyi t 23d) ^Lyaj LojJJ JL^zjI Jjlj c
, jAJ AjAjl* LAljjl jy&JJ t a „ U»ll
5314. Imam Ali (AS), in his intimate supplication said, 'O Allah, grant
me the perfection of devotion to You, and illuminate the sight of our hearts
with the radiance of being able to behold You until the sight of our hearts
pierces through the veils of light, reaching the source of Exaltedness, and
our souls become attached to the glory of Your Sacredness.' 4
j odd : jhAn a*jjSii 6i^i uidA tii : aAp fi*V' -5315
£
^>-1 jjp Aiii j) t 231-E"" i t (j jUjpj t
5315. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Our followers [Shia] are people who
have four eyes: two eyes in the head and two eyes in the heart. Verily, all
creation have so, but Allah Almighty has opened your sight and blinded
their sight.’ 6
Notes
1.39/59/70 : yy^u.
2. Ibid. v. 70, p. 59, no. 39
3. 299 / 3 : JUV •
4. Iqbal al-Amal, v. 3, p. 299
5.260/215/ 8 : jdd .
6. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 215, no. 260
125
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1547 - Oil
1547. THE EAR OF THE HEART
*. £c-“l L.
5316. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'If it were not for the dispersion of your
hearts and your excess in speaking, you would hear what I hear.' 2
CS'^i 41 31^1 13) ^wl 4)j c 231 4) ‘uIp J>.2L*2jl dLahll .5317
y jj 5j* C _ -j* i* | ^ C . .✓ ^ ^
jS c iwbl ^Jlvszj ^Je>- yJr aj ojj c aA3 1-Up
^.^(lAliSI ^1p fO <9il
5317. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'You have a heart and ears to hear, and
verily if Allah wants to guide a servant, He will open the ears of his hearts,
and if He wills the opposite, He will seal the ears of his heart so it will never
again be sound. This is the purport of Allah's verse: “or are there locks on
the hearts?” 56
Notes
1.3/497/3 :
2. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 3, p. 497, no. 3
3. 24 : XLf- .
4.633/318/ 1 : ^1.
5. Quran 4724:
6. al-Mahasin, v. 1, p. 318, no. 633
126
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1548 - Ojbiij dJiJi JlJj
1548. THE DRAWING NEAR AND THE TURNING AWAY
OF THE HEART
ISIS c UsLiJj c S'LS) ^^LaJJ o) ! ^W—^l a-1p «5318
c liLS) -Up Ufcj-lA-s c c— L*j d— 15"* c-^ol IS)j c ■ " - ^ ^ ** dA*2) d— lAI
„ Lfcjjaj Ujlo) -Up
5318. Imam al-Rida (AS) said, 'Hearts draw near and turn away, and
become active and frigid. When they draw forward they see and understand,
and when they fall back they become dim and weary. Therefore, make use
of them when they draw near and are active, and leave them when they are
feeble and weary.' 2
IS)j t L^pjijU 1 ■ " Ja ■ - j IS) | -)l a-Jp jdl I >5319
3
t > * . .<
Oyu
5319. Imam al-Askari (AS) said, 'When the hearts are active commit
them [to use], and when they are averse, leave them.' 4
Notes
t.9/353 /78 : jijAi m.
2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 353, no. 9
3.43 : SyAJ> SjjJk
4. al-Durra al-Bahira, p. 43
127
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1549 -
1549. PURITY OF THE HEART
^ y)k> ij dlL*! l (i jj Lj i «uLc- .5320
*, n g j a U o^Alkj! ; aJI 2S)I ■ jlS ? kiJULle Y ^JJo
5320. Prophet Moses (AS) said, 'O Lord, who are those whom You will
shade under the Shade of Your Throne on the Day when no shade will avail
other than Yourr Shade?' He said, 'Allah Almighty revealed, 'Those with
pure hearts.' 2
lyfjaj o l^2j| jS aAp yp .5321
2. oL-j-dl
5321. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Purify yourselves from the impurity of carnal
desires and you will perceive elevated stations.' 4
l ajL>*^^ a))I jiaJ A^iS ! a4. p .5322
^ . aJ[ yiaJ 2llS y|is
5322. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The hearts of servants that are pure are places
that Allah looks at [with mercy]. So whoever purifies his heart, Allah will
look at it.’ 6
Notes
t.1058 /457/ 1 :^iA.
2. al-Mahasin, v. 1, p. 457, no. 1058
3. 6020 : r<^i .
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 6020
5. 6777 ! jji- .
6. Ibid. no. 6777
128
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1550 - 1—
1550. EXPANDING OF THE HEART
L>-y>- La.. A oj-tL^ 41 sf oj-L*o 4-yJtj 4jJ-£_> 41 Lwl .oyj
\ 5/ jjJUi Jp ^ iUls'jUiJi j j^ai lets'
“ Whomever Allah desires to guide, He opens his breast to Islam, and
whomever He desires to lead astray, He makes his breast narrow and
straitened as if he were climbing to a height. Thus does Allah lay
[spiritual] defilement on those who do not have faith.” 2
2 , [tl eJJ qJuj jii)
“Did We not open your breast for you?” 4
sf - ! 3j^[I o-La ai—iJJ 0- 41 Jl SjljjjJl luSjJ ■ 4L-JI ‘5323
? ja L« 4^1p .UJl ^L*o .UJl 6- 41 Lwl
jUjj Oj-LLo 4J rp JjJ L_-J Jl3 Iwl 43-L flj
jl.0 4jL)Y C |V*S IaJTj 4-dp 4)1 ^LyO ? L4 a-kyd OjLal ^jA eJJ-Lj lljJli
O^Ll Jjjj fr1 OjXLJ ilJjCL-.*y Ij c jjjydl (jP t JjJji-l
5323. Majma al-Bayan, It is narrated in a authenticated tradition: When
this verse was revealed: “Whomever Allah desires to guide...”, the Prophet
(SAWA) was asked about the expanding of the breast and what it was. He
said, ’It is a light that Allah casts into the heart of a believer and it expands
the heart and broadens it.’ They asked, ’Is there a sign by which this may be
known?' He (SAWA) said, 'Yes, to return to the eternal realm, to shun away
from the realm of delusion, and to prepare for death before it comes.' 6
Notes
1. 125 : fuAi.
2. Quran 6 125 1
3. 1 ! .
4. Quran 94 1 !
5.561/4 , OLwil .
6. Majma al-Bayan, v. 4, p. 561
129
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1551 -
1551. THE VEIL OF THE HEART
4^1$ 3 AX^j d*j\S' tb-_ol 13| ■ a! Ij A^lp AWl ^LyJ? A^l .5324
AjIxS"” (3 a^ o^S"3 Oj^ eJJji c o3lj Oli caIIs ^jJL*2 Jjjix^lj cLjIj Ob c
. C | lylS^ b> jlj £jj *^")
5324. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'When a believer sins a black dot
appears on his heart. If he repents, pulls back and seeks forgiveness his heart
is cleansed from the black dot, but if he increases his sins the dot grows
larger, and this is the rust that Allah has mentioned in His Book: “ No
indeed! Rather their hearts have been sullied by what they have been
. *» 34
earning.
t Sjb b : a^p 3jb ji ju; j*j i : ^lj\ aJp *)p\&\ .5325
LojJl aJLL*J*I ols (. oij-^IxJl Cj^ cLbb>e_v^l jbj>-
5 * ^ i >jii«
5325. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, 'Allah Almighty revealed unto David
(AS), 'O David, warn and caution your companions against the love of
desires, for those whose hearts are attached to worldly desires, their hearts
are veiled from Me.' 6
Notes
1. 14 \ Jjiikil .
2.4244/ 1418 12 :
3. Quran 83 14 !
4. Sunan Ibn Maja, v. 2, p. 1418, no. 4244
5. 397 ! .
6. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 397
130
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1552 - cJiJi
1552. HARD-HEARTEDNESS
Lj c ijJLj -Lil Jt oj\sf~\f Jjtj f)
<U)I ry> 0^ £L<JI AC* JjJLio L<J 0^ jtfJAl ‘ic* Jafojjo
' , lAA ^J^Lkj Iwl L«j
“Then your hearts hardened after that; so they are like stones, or even
harder. For indeed there are some stones from which streams gush forth,
and indeed there are some of them that split, and water issues from them,
and indeed there are some of them that fall for the fear of Allah. And
Allah is not oblivious of what you do. ” 2
Jjiaj S t y ' *Af- A lill I i5326
4, Afj t JAJLL3 LJ-tll A
5326. It is narrated in al-Kafi that, In one of Allah's intimate
conversations with Prophet Moses (AS), He said, '0 Moses, do not prolong
your hope in this world for your heart will turn hard, and hard hearts are far
away from Me.' 4
AJt* 2jj t? ^ ^ ajijJi o) : 4Ap -A .5327
J iljcj jAjij o^Lodl l £ * ':f da Aj^Lall c L^JLL>- fjcJj
5
5327. Prophet Jesus (AS) said, ’When an animal is not mounted, trained
or used it will become hard to use and its character will change. The same
goes for the hearts - if they are not made soft with the remembrance of
death, followed by diligent worship, they will harden and become harsh.’ 6
off dts $ f jA-l S , dlj aAp ^ ^ .5328
^ , ^.LaJl AAaJl .Uil ^.LJl Aju 1 0) c 4^1
5328. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Do not speak excessively without the
remembrance of Allah, for excessive speech devoid of the remembrance of
Allah hardens the heart. The farthest of people from Allah are the hard-
hearted.’ 8
L ^Ul 4j*A> , d aAs. .Uil .Uil .5329
jl Ulr.A , ip OtAij t li
5329. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Three things harden the heart: listening
to distracting words of amusement (lahw), hunting, and associating with
rulers.’ 10
Ods L«j t Jl 4-if- if*' .5330
iff] AjjfaJl
131
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5330. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Tears only dry up [i.e. fail to flow] as a result
of hardness of the heart, and the hearts only harden as a result of frequent
sinning.' 12
oL ~JU> Jill 01 i aJp yp -5331
5331. Imam Ali (AS) said, ' Verily too much money corrupts religion and
hardens the heart.' 14
15. ciUi ^ Ji jkSi :rsLJi Up yp .5332
5332. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Looking at a miserly person hardens the
heart.’ 16
(j5 ALu ! (_j oLjJIp aU j] aJp ^L*Vl .5333
5333. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Allah has punishments of the hearts and
of the bodies: a difficult livelihood, weakness in worship, and the harshest
1 8
punishment a servant is stricken with is hardness of the heart.'
Notes
1. 74 : SfSJi .
2. Quran 274:
3. 1 / 329 / 2 : jisdi .
4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 329, no. 1
5. 17/309/ 14 \j\yH\M.
6. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 14, p. 309, no. 17
7. 1 / 3 : ^>1! jiAi.
8. Amali al-Tusi, v. 3, p. 1
9.122/ 126 : Juai.
10. al-Khisal, p. 126, no. 122
11. 1 / 81 : >yVJl Jip .
12. Ilal al-Sharai, p. 81, no. 1
13. 199 : .
14. Tuhaf al-Uqul, no. 199
15. 214 : Jyu ^ .
16. Ibid. no. 214
17. 296 : Jyu -pA .
18. Ibid. p. 296
132
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1553 - joy
1553. SICKNESS OF THE HEART
(5yJ& IjjVu *A U53 jUSjjj >> j)
“There is sickness in their hearts; then Allah increased their sickness,
and there is a painful punishment for them because of the lies they used to
tell ” 2
AyUjl jLiyC L-^U aAp .5334
4, L>-$-JlP
5334. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Beware of disputing and quarrelling, for they
sicken the heart against one's brethren and give rise to hypocrisy against
them.' 4
i— yj-LSl ^ a2p if- .5335
5335. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Nothing hurts the heart more than sins.’ 6
Notes
1. 10 : s>Ji .
2. Quran 2 10 !
3. 1 / 300 / 2 : jisdt .
4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 300, no. 1
5. 28 / 275 / 2 : jtsdi .
6. Ibid. v. 2, p. 257, no. 28
133
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1554 - cJiJt ^
1554. WHAT CURES THE HEART
I (J2 U ^.L ^ dijc-ja ^5sj?.L>- -ii ^LJl Lgjl Lj)
'. (c&jih
“0 mankind! There has certainly come to you an advice from your
Lord, and a cure for what is in the breasts, and a guidance and mercy for
the faithful. ” 2
^ SfL 4) . a4p ' >5336
i ij*J3 <■ t (jv5CaL-^>-l) i jp'J* ili-ij
5336. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Verily Godwariness is the remedy for the
sickness of your hearts, and the sight for the blindness of your hearts, and
the cure for the sickness of your bodies, and the correction of the corruption
of your chests, and the purification for the pollution of your selves, and the
unveiling of the blurriness of your eyes.' 4
Notes
1. 57 : .
2. Quran 10 57
3. 198 ‘Lkiri i •
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 198
134
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1555 - cJiJi c~c u
1555. WHAT KILLS THE HEART
<453 .Be) i - ji - a]Tj aJlp aui 4b .5337
CiDl iJ/4 JU t
5337. The Prophet (SAWA), in his advice to Abu Dharr said, 'Beware of
laughing a lot, for it kills the heart.' 2
Lli t (l_r«-pt) (J4p! UA (4» I aJp ^p ^LAll .5338
t aIJLp t " j L ^ 3. 1 1 0^4“ *45 L AjtU?’*' 05b i jS- 1>
4 aIU LjjJI
5338. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who loves something that makes his eyes
blind and his heart sick is looking with false eyes and hearing with impaired
hearing. Lusts have pierced his intellect and the world has killed his heart.
jUi ttS ol. ^ t iiU ol sijj ^ ^ : fsLJi aJp yp fi-vi .5339
, 4
5339. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’One whose piety decreases, his heart dies,
and whoever’s heart dies will enter the Fire.’ 6
Notes
1.1 / 335 ! jtypS!t .
2. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 335, no. 1
3. 109 iii-t : «a>ui gj .
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon. 109
5. 349 s^cSJ-i ; g j .
6. Ibid. Saying 349
135
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1556 - udih u
1556. WHAT REVIVES THE HEART
c 5.LJAII ^JLp- t 1j ! - JJajo <uA - ^SUJl Up jLJLi .5340
' , ^.UUl US”" aUCAI U^lilil bwl bU • 4* J-US^j
5340. Luqman (AS), giving advice to his son, said, 'O my son, sit in the
company of scholars so much that your knees touch theirs, for Allah
Almighty revives the hearts with the light of wisdom like the earth is
revived with rain from the sky.' 2
c£.jLp Oy. j*i*Jl JSldj , (JjJL; ail 01 . dTj Up auI ail i5341
3. <SjJ\ Jl U l^xll ^ lil ks.1 U^llJ! Up Li Cr
5341. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah Almighty says, 'The discussion
of knowledge among My servants revives the dead hearts if by it they seek
to fulfil My command.' 4
^>-1 \ ~ ^“U~Jl Up I 4^*2 j ,0^ " ^SUJl Up ^1p ^lui i5342
oSlA/L ajuIj c AkpjiLi 23U
5342. Imam Ali (AS), in his will to his son Imam Hasan (AS) said,
'Revive your heart with exhortations, and kill it will asceticism.' 6
7lVJUi 53UP J~\ iui ^iui u yp ^1 .5343
5343. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Meeting righteous people improves the heart.'
8
dTw^jl . " ^SUJl Up I ajjS ry> ~ ^*AUl Up ^Ip ^LaO/l .5344
4.0jSU dJU kjUpJ t 8^»l pjjJj ■ (_$l ■ 4)1
5344. Imam Ali (AS), in his will to his son Imam al-Hasan (AS) said, 'I
advise you to be Godwary, O my son, and to abide by His orders, and to
keep your heart alive with His remembrance.' 10
Notes
1. 22 / 204 / 1 : jijAi j* .
2. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 1 . p. 204, no. 22
3.6/41 / 1 : jisdi.
4. al-Kafi, v. 1, p. 41, no. 6
5.31 ^lU)l
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 31
7. 1 / 208 / 77 : jijAi jU .
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 1, p. 41, no. 6
9.31 ^lU)l
10. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 31
136
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1557 - cJ&i jdi u
1557. WHAT SOFTENS THE HEART
13] , ~ aA^ aJ[ li* ” 4J lj aAs- awI awI .5345
^ Cf^J SJXXs ijXX o'
5345. The Prophet (SAWA), when a person complained to him about the
hardness of his heart, said, ’If you want your heart to soften, feed the needy
and stroke the head of orphans.' 2
jSsjidi \jj& \j c ^ 3 aAp awi awi .5346
3. &\ XJ^. -y>
5346. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Accustom your hearts to being soft,
and increase your contemplation and cry much due to fear of Allah.’ 4
■ iidi ij jfc- jl) i cJj -4? ~ ‘cip ys- >5347
3, Oj^ji-' aj c 1 2_~lail aJ ;
5347. Imam Ali (AS), being seen wearing a wraparound cloth that was
worn-out and patched, was asked about it, to which he replied, ’With it the
heart becomes humble, the self is humiliated, and the believers follow its
example.’ 6
2. yyi aSJ (j/5yLJ \ ^L^Jl aJlp JiLJl .5348
5348. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Embark upon softening the heart
through constant remembrance [of Allah] in places of seclusion.' 8
„ 47 (>j i)
(See also: WEEPING 47)
Notes
1. 885 / 292 : slCjc .
2. Mishkat al- Anwar, p. 167
3. 33 / 365 : ^ ■
4. Alam al-Din, p. 365, no. 33
5. 103aXJ-I ,aj,^LX\ .
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 103
7. 285 ! .
8. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 285
137
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1558 - cJih u
1558. WHAT POLISHES THE HEART
II) -b-tAl la ■ ;0 _■ L4"" olp <j) ■ 4J I j 4^1p aWl l .*2 <U)I .5349
0)4111 04s"" ! 311 ^ iajoia . till 4jL^?^
5349. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Verily these hearts rust like metal rusts
when exposed to water.' He was asked, 'And what can polish them?' He said,
'Remembering death much, and reciting the Quran.' 2
' , OTydl ojbOj aWl JSA a-Jjljdl oAa tbV“ ■ dTj adp aWl ^ .5350
5350. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The polish of these hearts is the
remembrance of Allah and the recitation of the Quran.' 4
2i1 aiSiALi ojjpj ... alipjiij jjsii 1 , ^ov-ii aJp ^i**^i -5351
5351. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Revive your heart with exhortations... and
enlighten it with wisdom.' 6
c aa'/i^ %\x~p o) ; ^svdi aJp ^l^i .5352
2, jLalcaAlj
5352. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Hearts have rust like the rust of copper
so polish them with seeking forgiveness.' 8
Notes
1.42130 : Judi y£ .
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 42130
3. 122 / 2 ! 4^3^"' •
4. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 122
5. 31 : ^->ui g* .
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 31
7. 249 : sip .
8.'Uddat al-Dai, p. 249
138
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335 - jJJ&\
335. EMULATION (taqlid)
1559 - li*)i
1559. DISPARAGED EMULATION
Jjjl bs-bT L>-l>J U UiLj- IjJU 3)1 (JjJl Q> f,\^ IjJLuj
\ Sfj ki 5j4^: S' fijtT 5ir
“A/irf when they are told, “Come to what Allah has sent down and
[come] to the Apostle”, they say, “Sufficient for us is what we have found
our fathers following. ” What, even if their fathers did not know anything
and were not guided?” 2
bbjt j jv*jL^A IjdStl) ! dys (j - aAs- *5353
£ £
t jvX (jlAI jvX^XJj c jvX IjlA L« 3)lj ; - (3)1
2, S?SL>-
5353. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with regard to Allah's verse in the Qur'an:
“They have taken their scribes and their monks as lords besides Allah” 4 ,
said, 'By Allah, they did not pray to them nor did they fast for them, rather
they permitted for them the prohibited and prohibited the permitted and
people followed them.’ 5
JjJL" c 5dJ | - J4jJ ” aAp ijjLvaJl ^L.*yi *5354
6! Jj>- Ij Ij hi \
5354. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), speaking to one of his companions said, 'Do
not be toady, saying, 'I am with the people and I am one of the people!' 7
.1775 <~A ! ^lJi (fzj \)
(See also: PEOPLE: section 1775)
Notes
1. 104 : sjjiii .
2. Quran 5 104!
3. 847 / 383 / 1 : ^iA .
4. Quran 93 1 !
5. al-Mahasin, v. 1, p. 383, no. 847
6. 1 / 266 ! 3A* .
7. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 266, no. 1
139
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1560 - aaJij j*
1560. THOSE WHO ARE PERMITTED TO BE
EMULATED
1 ■>- \jj ^ ^“aa\\ ijlS"" /y> fall \ a4p i-S ^La^l i5355
c oj-LIaj 01 ^I^jLLU £ oljJfc ^1p LaJl^- ‘Cjjj
^ *)! pL^Jii
5355. Imam Hasan al-Askari (AS), 'Whoever from among the jurists
safeguards himself, is protective of his religion, opposes his temptations, is
obedient to his Master's commands, then the common people must emulate
him, and this is only [applicable to] some of the Shia jurists, not all of them.'
Notes
t.337/510/2 : cu^st.
2. al-Ihtijaj, v. 2, p. 510, no. 337
140
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336 - jUili
336. GAMBLING
1561 -
1561. FORBIDING THE GAMBLING
JjA ^ fifS !\j j-AJij L^i 5*4)1 U*t b)
ojlJijtSl A ulla^A Jl -bjj bh ^ O^AJlaj
. (Oj; g d .wA obCAl jjpJ 4^ jAAa2*J 'j
“O you who have faith! Indeed wine, gambling, idols and the divining
arrows are abominations of Satan 's doing, so avoid them, so that you may
be felicitous. Indeed Satan seeks to cast enmity and hatred among you
through wine and gambling, and to hinder you from the remembrance of
Allah and from prayer. Will you, then, relinquish?” 2
Lcl) ijy 1J. /^p A ~ A\y ^Ap awI ax! >5356
•jj^b JA y, b.
jdl ! jls ? L>i i oj^i b. ! jli ? Ui ; ^|*9
3
5356. The Prophet (SAWA), in answer to a question about games of
chance when the verse: “ indeed wine, gambling...” was revealed, said, ’It is
anything that can be gambled with, even dice or walnuts.' He was asked, 'So
what is the dedication to idols (ansab)?' He said, 'What they sacrificed for
their gods.' He was then asked, 'And what is divining with arrows?' He said,
'Their arrow shafts that they swear by.' 45
6. ja &\ /) ^ j>\ b. ^ : rsLJ! aJp ^Lp .5357
5357. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Anything that distracts one from the
remembrance of Allah is gambling.' 7
5i : - £j>l!b jp u - ^slji Adp jiUi .5358
i )* ✓
5358. Imam al-Baqir (AS), when asked about playing chess said, ’A
believer is too busy to play.' 9
aJ A (j " aJp- JbbAl ^b«^ll .5359
kiJJi [yj£- f^ryfA Aid |k*bjl9 iaJL.j aIaLi J^LSj dJlS"" \ ~ '()(iJlaLjb
5359. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with regard to Allah's verse in the Qur'an:
“Do not eat up your wealth among yourselves wrongfully” said, 'The
people of Quraysh would gamble their families and their money away, and
Allah Almighty prohibited them from doing so.' 12
141
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aj 4^4 l/^1 aJ-p jir . .5360
jjb \ 3^J t JSjj ijl jLsJijl .jLyyyg. j|
5360. Al-Sakuni narrated, 'He [Imam al-Sadiq (AS)] would condemn the
eating of walnuts that children had won from gambling, saying, 'It is
illegally earned [and forbidden] (suht).' 14
Notes
1.91 3 90 : SJUIII.
2. Quran 590,91!
3. 2 / 123 / 5 : jisdi .
4. These were all pagan pre-Islamic practices of gambling and games of chance (ed.)
5. al-Kafi, v. 5, p. 123, no. 2
6. 681 /336 : ^ui JiAi.
7. Amali al-Tusi, p. 336, no. 681
8.92/26 : Jui-i.
9. al-Khisal, p. 26, no. 92
10. 188 : i AJi .
it. 1 / 122/5 : jisdt.
12. al-Kafi, v. 5, p. 122, no. 1
13. 116/322/1
14. Tafsir al-Ayyashi, v. 1, p. 322, no. 0116
142
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337 -
337. CONTENTMENT
1562 - APLaJl
1562. THE VIRTUE OF CONTENTMENT
Si-bJlil j aJp- ijjli sAp- ‘5361
5361. 'Uddat al-Dai: 'Allah Almighty revealed unto Prophet David (AS)
saying, 1 put richness in contentment, whilst they seek it [richness] in
abundance of wealth but do not find it.' 2
5362. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Contentment is wealth that does not
deplete.' 4
- (s-i oij- CiaJlLs) ; aAj jp yi. ij. - ^Jlp yp .5363
5363. Imam Ali (AS), when asked about Allah's verse in the Qur'an: “We
shall revive him with a good life” 6 said, 'It is contentment.' 7
8. ,4aW ,4u ^\3 1 yii : rsLJi ^ yu .5364
5364. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The most thankful of people are the most
content, and the most ungrateful for blessings are the greediest.' 9
pfLJs' i. apLjUIj aAp yip .5365
5365. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'I searched for wealth and I did not find it
other than through contentment. Adhere to contentment and you will
become rich.’ 11
. apuHi yi y&H ; ^sLJi aJp yi p yvi .5366
12
5366. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There is no treasure richer than contentment.'
13
op ja jssl sy U yi : rsLJi Up yj-i yy .5367
14
. jUafAl!
5367. Imam Hasan (AS) said, 'Know that the valour in contentment and
satisfaction is greater than the valour in giving.' 15
Notes
1. 166 : yjJi sip .
2. 'Uddat al-Dai, p. 166, and Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 453, no. 21
143
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3. 7080 ! .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 7080
5. 229 ! ip">Ul 0^ .
6. Quran 1697!
7. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 229
8. 40 / 422 / 77 : .
9. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77, p. 422, no. 40
10. 91 / 399 / 69 : jU .
11. Ibid. V. 69, p. 399, no. 91
12.. 371 .
13. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 371
14.6/111/78 : jtySh
15. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. Ill, no. 6
144
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1563 - ipulJi U u
1563. WHAT BRINGS ABOUT CONTENTMENT
*. UL Ul jgxJ j-t* l5Jlp I ^*UJl Up ^Lp ,5368
5368. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Contentment is proportionate to the degree of
self-restraint.' 2
3. jiP ^ Up ^Lp fi-v i .5369
5369. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who uses his intellect is content.' 4
(_ll jJii oJ-Laj.1 (j ■ ^*5Ujl Up (jjiLUl .5370
5370. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Look at those who are less capable than
you, and do not look at those who are more capable than you, as it makes
you more content in what has been allotted for you.’ 6
Notes
1.. 6179 : r<Uu>.
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 6179
3.. 7724 ! (4C-1 jA ■
4. Ibid. no. 7724
5. 338 / 244 / 8 : jisdi .
6. al-Kafi, v. 8 p. 244 no. 338
145
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1564 - «-ui)i oji
1564. THE FRUIT OF CONTENTMENT
dldp axJjI Lc ! aJTj aJp ail ail Jj— ,5371
5371. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Be content with what has been given
to you, and the Account [on the Day of Resurrection] will be made easy for
you.’ 2
2. ap-uUi ^~idi |_jip jjpi , ^sdd i Adp ^dhli -5372
5372. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The most helpful thing in reforming the self
is contentment.’ 4
ji 0d i^Sddl aJp ^Lp 1 ,5373
5373. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Whoever is content will not be depressed.’ 6
7 „ jjji 5X aplUl. : ^slji aJp ^Lp ^l-ni .5374
5374. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Through contentment comes dignity.’
Uphill Aju^d. &\ A^d Ud- ^ui ^ t : ^slji aJp *ip ^l.^1 .5375
9. AAjj aJ
5375. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The most blessed of people in his livelihood
is he who Allah Almighty has granted contentment to, and has given a
righteous spouse.’ 10
jiJbSli £yiji i^bLJi Adp jy. J-i ^i-Ni .5376
5376. Imam Husayn (AS) said, ’Contentment is comfort of the body.’ 12
a5i! jjiUd *dJL> aS)I ^jd’J ! ^Sddl aJp- dSildJl »L»h/l ,5377
5377. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Whoever accepts from Allah the little
livelihood, Allah will accept from him the little in actions [worships].’ 14
Notes
t.37/ 187/77 : yy^u.
2. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 77, p. 187, no. 37
3.3191 : r<di j>.
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3191
5. 7771 ! (dC-i .
6. Ibid. no. 7771
7. 4244 : (dC-i .
8. Ibid. no. 4244
9. 3295 : r<d! J> .
10. Ibid. no. 3290
11. 11 / 128/78 : jySi
12. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 128, no. 1 1
146
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13.3/ 138/2 : jisai.
14. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 138, no. 3
147
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1565 -
1565. THOSE WHO ARE NOT CONTENT WITH THE
LITTLE
\ I iiid i iLiJ (l ^ : jOLJl Up fL.’jfl .5378
5378. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Those who are not content with a little will
not be content with a lot. "
-Up- U Sj 241 Uh Lc aUp JUUUl iLa^/l .5379
247y>- I a iiaA c £-LLj ^ j^a ^ i Uj L La
5379. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Be content with what Allah has allotted
for you, do not look at what others have, and do not wish for what you
cannot acquire, for whoever is content will be full and whoever is not
content will never be full, and take your portion of your hereafter.’ 4
Notes
1.33/71 /78 : jijAi M.
2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 71, no. 33
3. 337 / 243 / 8 : .
4. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 243, no. 337
148
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338 - j£Ji
338. ARROGANCE
1566 -
1566. WARNING AGAINST ARROGANCE
“Thereat the angels prostrated all of them together, except Iblis; he
acted arrogantly and he was one of the faithless.”
““Get down from it” He said. “It is not for you to be arrogant therein.
Be gone! You are indeed among the degraded ones.” 4
iUi JaUt i! /ill Jjd jir Lc \fjcsXs Ul p ,5380
5380. Imam Ali (AS) said, Take lesson from what Allah did to Satan. He
foiled his many deeds and his hardworking efforts.... for being arrogant for
an instant! So, after Satan who will be saved from Allah's wrath with
something like his sin?!' 6
up fs\A\ ,5381
7 . jl lilli t dJJi aJAS L. Ql* dip
5381. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'If any amount of arrogance enters the
heart of a person, it will only bring deficiency to the intellect with the same
amount of what entered it, whether it be a little or a lot.' 8
\ jlj jjSvJl fsj> y* ! ^“AUl Up JbbU *5382
5382. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Whoever is free from arrogance will
obtain dignity.' 10
ddJi JA ki Pjh I ill ibj Up .5383
n. jlUi j *1 SSI
5383. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Grandeur is the robe of Allah, and
whoever wants to wrest with Allah in any of it, Allah will throw him onto
his face into the Hellfire.' 12
Notes
t. 74 t 73 : ^ .
2. Quran 3873,74!
3. 13 : ai/Ai .
149
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4. Quran 713:
5. 192 iM- ' : g* .
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 192
7.16/ 186/78 : j\/i\ M.
8. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 78, p. 186, no. 16
9. 5 / 229 / 78 : j./i\ M ■
10. Ibid. v. 78, p. 229, no. 5
n.5/215/73 : j\/i\ M-
12. Ibid. v. 73, p. 215, no. 5
150
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1567 - j&\
1567. THE EXPLANATION OF ARROGANCE
oji J Lai* 4-ls (jj oL* c ji LI L ! aJTj aJp aSi! *5384
C 4^)1 ^ C kiJJi 0* aIsM A_>ol^ Jj£ i
JP5- i^clS' ; Ju ? eJJi yp J^s t y*^ JkSj y^ ^5Lp ot ooij (jc>-
jl jjS^I yblij c jbvjLi dJJi ! J LS c aJI l U 1 jpjj UjIp o-bj-l ! JlS ? ddlU
aJ3 Sj a-a’jP ijj-l jl (_£y hly ^.bJl tli 1 i_ii oJjWpjj jpM *}yj
'. ados'
5384. The Prophet (AS) said, ’O Abu Dharr, whoever dies having an
atom's weight of arrogance in his heart will never smell the scent of Heaven
unless he repents beforehand.’ Abu Dharr asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, I
am fond of beauty so much so that I wished that the handle of my cane and
the lace of my sandal be beautiful. So, should I be afraid of this?' He said,
'How do you see your heart?’ Abu Dharr said, 'I see it knowing the truth, and
certain of it.' He (SAW A) said, 'That is not arrogance. Rather, arrogance is
that you leave the truth and exceed beyond it. You look at people and you
do not see their honour as being like your honour or their blood like yours.' 2
UJ_A c jpLl Y o-Wj Lki cpJiJs , aJp yp ^L*Y i5385
j jpkl L)L3 t jpk|
5385. Imam Ali (AS) said, 1 sought after humility and did not find it
other than through accepting the truth. Accept the truth, for accepting the
truth distances one from arrogance.’ 4
aWI y^? aW^ cJLi , aW1-Lp Jli , ^j^pl ypM -Cp .5386
jjjkl jjlS-l ^y2 L c L*j , cA$ l jpkl ajL3.j jjJiht \ ^ « p Jl ^ Ucl 3)) ! aJTj aAp
ojbj y-jjrk aI)I yh JJLs dJJi t aIa! yp yky jAl ! Jb ?
5386. al-Kafi: ’Imam al-Sadiq (AS) narrated, ’The Prophet (SAWA) said,
’The worst of arrogance is degrading people and depreciating the truth.' At
this, Abd al-Ala Ibn Ayun asked, ’And what is despising people and
depreciating the truth?’ He said, 'It is when one is ignorant of the truth and
slanders its people, and whoever does this has wrested Allah of His robe.' 6
cSji cJb y : yLJi aJp jbudi yy y oLp y .5387
aL3L*JIj WL23 aJp aS Lh hi) ! aJ I j. g * Y .>>* yp ^ Lh
yl L* aJ yp -b 0^ aJjLLs ! L SsJ^* olj 13)
2, aAp A^23 L*1 t L— b.L^- ^3^3^ dblj
5387. al-Kafi: 'Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Whoever thinks that he is
superior to someone else is himself of the arrogant.' Abu Hafs Ibn Ghiyath
151
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said, 'I asked him: [What if] one sees that they are superior in their being
good when they see others committing sins?' The Imam said, 'Far from it,
far from it! For maybe he has been forgiven for what he has done and whilst
you will be stopped and held accountable. Have you not read the story of the
magicians of [the time of] Moses (AS) in the Qur'an?' 8
Notes
1.3/ 90 c 74 / 77 :
2. Ibid. v. 77, p. 90, no. 3
3.91 /399/69 : ^
4. Ibid. v. 69, p. 399, no. 91
5.9/310/2 : jisdt.
6. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 310, no. 9
7.98 / 128 / 8 : ji^i.
8. Ibid. v. 8, p. 128, no. 98
152
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1568 -
1568. REPREHEN SIBILIT Y OF AN ARROGANT PERSON
*. ! aJTj aJp 4)1 (J-*5 ^ .5388
5388. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'The most hateful of people are the
arrogant.' 2
(*■*_? l jvSAiji ; aJTj aJp- aui .5389
3.
5389. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The most distanced of you from me on
the Day of Judgment will be the braggers, who are the arrogant.' 4
C AAl>- °J~*~ ' J Ajli 2j djf ; : fsui aJp yp .5390
" ! jaAj t £ipj i ■' ^
5390. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'How man surprises me ! His origin is a sperm
and his end is a carcass, and between these two he is a vessel for excrement,
and he is still arrogant!' 6
7. b> : fWJi AdP ^Lp fiAh .5391
5391. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Only he who is vile is arrogant.' 8
(j aJjJ yfir yl jJAj L* \ aAp drililajl .5392
9 , ••
5392. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A person is arrogant or tyrannical only
as a result of a [source of] disgrace he has in himself.' 10
Notes
t.23 /231 /73 : jijAi jU.
2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 73, p. 331, no. 23
3. 25 / 232 / 73 : jijAi .
4. Ibid. v. 73, p. 232, no. 25
5. 33 / 234 / 73 : jijAl jU.
6. Ibid. v. 73, p. 234, no. 33
7. 9467 : (AAi j> .
8. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 9467
9. 17/312/2 : ji^i.
10. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 312, no. 17
153
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1569 - j£li
1569. CURING ARROGANCE
o-u (j ji 01 iii ! aJTj 4*ip <5)1 .5393
<c«Oj ^-^P y^S<Jl <o G-1j <oOfcO/ M 0^^
5393. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'I admire a man who brings something
with his hands to please his family, with which repels arrogance from
himself.’ 3
iLJ l>-j Av 2^3 ! aJIj aNI .5394
4- t>; l5j5 all t aSjA yS ^Sly
5394. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Whoever milks his sheep, patches his
own clothes, mends his own sandals, trusts his servants, and carries his own
goods from the market is free from arrogance.’ 5
<bC3 £^Jlljl (J> 1 dij <ulp <0)1 y*li 4] ■ yd .5395
t _0>3lj<j (JiA cuhO" jl ! jLSi <idi ^yp t i_?^ 5 4 01
3. ySvJl (3 ^4 0! codLaJill
5395. Abu Umama said, ’The Prophet (SAWA) went to al-Baqi and some
of his companions followed him. He stopped and ordered them to proceed
and he then walked behind them. He was asked about this, and he said, ’I
heard the beat of your sandals [behind me] and feared that some arrogance
would fall into my self.’ 89
c Ojl-LJtJl o^kp y^L <0)1 ■ ^5k~Jl <Gp ^Ip *L«h!l .5396
JI } ' '
(3 Jj-Ulj L /j* G-l^d C OjlS<J.l 2J C -CaL>3*I
aLJ23 dJJi L Jjjj
5396. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’...But Allah tests His worshippers with many
different hardships, He makes them engage in different struggles, and He
makes them undergo different kinds of misfortunes. All this in order to
extract arrogance from their hearts, to establish humbleness in their selves,
and to make them open the doors to His Grace.’ 1 1
Lgjj^j oWvajij c iyoJ! ^y> yp y-^ .5397
12. & Cf
5397. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Allah obligated faith as purification from
polytheism, and prayer as a deterrent from arrogance.’ 13
Ok c 01 <0)1 <uJip 3 i)P jjkl ^jtoo ^ <clp .5398
IjJJdiij <0)1 JWk U ^dJl (jp) j c lyo^lyO O' <0)1 <Lii ip 0y«d*j yjJl <ot^j
14
154
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5398. Imam Hasan (AS) said, 'It is not appropriate for he who knows the
magnitude of Allah to be haughty, for the glory of those who know the
magnitude of Allah is that they become humble, and the honour of those
who know the Majesty of Allah is that they humiliate themselves to Him.' 15
Notes
1. U 3 3) •
2. 201 / 1 : »'
3. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 1, p. 201
4. 7793 : judi .
5. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 7793
6. 8878 ! Jlldl .
°Ai 1 A’ ‘ ^ u-ii . 3^ -dt® j r ^ c. 7 ^
t<k.S7 .
8. Ibid. no. 8878
9. The issue mentioned in these traditions is not a general law indicating lack of
arrogance .In fact it differs because of differences that people may have or time and
circumstances .Some may dress rough woolen cloth to pretend humbleness while their
hearts are full of arrogance
10. 192 Ud-i : usyi gj .
1 1. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 192
12. 252 : ^5411 .
13. Ibid. Saying 252
14. 3 / 104 / 78 : yvA .
15. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 104, no. 3
155
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1570 - j&\ if
1570. THE OUTCOME OF ARROGANCE
j&l** j /y* , 4Jlp aU aU .5399
5399. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever is arrogant, Allah degrades
him.’ 2
(j i\)c -uuGj jUlSlj ! ^bUUl aJp ^1p i5400
3
5400. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Greed, arrogance, and jealousy are all
motives for falling into sins.' 4
5. JhJu^ Jfli J ^ : fSLJ! Up ^p .5401
5401. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'An arrogant person has no friend.' 6
7. jfsCu ^jA jtliu h! i aUp .5402
5402. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who behaves arrogantly will never learn.'
9. JS Jp : rsLJ! aUp ^Lp fi-vi .5403
5403. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who behaves arrogantly with people will
be degraded.' 10
", 6lSi j jif]\ ji y Up fL.^1 .5404
5404. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'An arrogant person should not avidly
expect good praises.' 12
c uUi j £44 ^ J*£Ji j £44 £$1 : rsLUi <Up .5405
^JjU- aU Oh! $ jLU-1 (3 ,*_sA>Uy3 <_U3 j
4*. oUUJl O'* ^ ^ c aJ1 ill
t Ull *W2 UP- <U1 i dJJ-tSj !? a1s7j 41^- a!a\j t UUi
13
Ajtij
5405. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, ’A plant grows in a plain-levelled land
and does not grow in a hard rocky place. The same goes for wisdom, as it
grows in the humble heart and does not grow in the arrogant haughty heart;
for Allah has made humbleness the tool for the intellect, and made
arrogance the tool for ignorance. Do you not know that he who turns his
head up towards the ceiling will break it, and he who lowers his head will be
shaded and sheltered underneath it?! Thus, Allah will abase one who is not
humble before Him, and Allah will elevate whoever is humble for Him.’ 14
Notes
1. 788 / 577 ! jjj-UJ juSlt .
2. Amali al-Saduq, p. 395, no. 1
156
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3. 37 1 s^SCJ-l ! «-SUt .
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 371
5. 7464 : J> .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 7464
7. 10586 : (XJ-i j> .
8. Ibid. no. 10586
9. 3 / 235 / 77 : jU .
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77, p. 235, no. 3
n.20/434 : jud-i.
12. al-Khisal, p. 434, no. 20
13. 396 ! Jyuh .
14. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 396
157
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1571 - Ji
1571. THE ABODE OF THE ARROGANT
\ i • \ Ijlsoll)
“Enter the gates of hell to remain in it [forever ]. Evil is the [final]
abode of the arrogant .” 2
l fkl* 4J JUL LiljJ jj 14 ij 3) ! aAp JS^Lyajl *5406
, - £ y- t <1)1 d lAb 13 4JLC.J (Tp*- o-U^> <43
5406. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’In Hell there is a valley by the name of
Saqar reserved for the arrogant, and it complained to Allah about the
extremity of its heat and asked Him to be permitted to breathe. So it
breathed and ignited Hell.' 4
Notes
1. 29 ! .
2. Quran 1629!
3. 10/310/2 : jisdi.
4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 310, no. 10
158
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339 -
339. WRITING
1572 - L>\&\
1572. Writing
1 . L>J jUOly i-))
“By the Pen and what they write. ” 2
3. jiJi ii 4jlu Ji : rui Up 54 44 .5407
5407. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Books are the gardens of scholars.' 4
5. 440-1 4 : rsL0i Up ^ 44 .5408
5408. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A book is the best of conversers.' 6
0 aUj 1 <_^j50lj 4“-*° 0u : rsLJ! aUp 4p 44 .5409
5409. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Whoever seeks harmony with books will not
miss any tranquillity.' 8
Notes
1. 1 : 4)1.
2. Quran 68 1 1
3.991 : 4^1
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no 991
5. 9948 : j> .
6. Ibid. no. 9948
7. 8126 : 44 j> .
8. Ibid, no 8126
159
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1573 -
1573. Writing and the Personality OF THE WRITER
,1Lp jki l. iLt ix>\^3 l 24^. ol 444 : 4LJ1 ^ ip. \\sj\ .5410
i
5410. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Your messenger is the interpreter of your
intellect, and your letter is their most eloquent at expressing your true self.' 2
3. aLas a)JLp jljpp JAjJl \ AjIp ,5411
5411. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A man's book is the title of his intellect and
the proof of his virtue.' 4
3, 44-si ij ^ Jjac- ! ‘qip ,5412
5412. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The intellects of the meritorious are around
their pens.' 6
Notes
1. 301 5^CxJ-l \ Ul gi .
2. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 301
3. 7260 ! jA ■
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 7260
5. 6339 : jA .
6. Ibid. no. 6339
160
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1574 - fUJi
1574. ENJOINMENT OF WRITING KNOWLEDGE
'j-lli \ aJTj <u!p Aill (J .5413
5413. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Capture knowledge through writing.' 2
vuS dxJi i^si : iii jl* &\ .5414
3. jUliil oy: ^UJI
5414. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Write down knowledge before the
departure of the scholars, for the departure of knowledge ensues from the
death of scholars.' 4
\yS!>J ^p>- j y Ja i£- h! i ! \y~£\\ A-lp -5415
5415. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Write, for you will not memorize until
you write.' 6
7 „ z\&\ JU jsX: ajui : ^ .5416
5416. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The heart relies on writing.' 8
Notes
1.29332 : Judi .
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 29332
3. 28733 ! Judi jA .
4. Ibid. no. 28733
5. 9 / 52 / 1 : jisdi .
6. al-Kafi, v. 1, p. 52, no. 9
7. 8 / 52 / 1 : jisdi .
8. Ibid. v. 1, p. 52, no. 8
161
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1575 - u>. JisJt
1575. THE REWARD OF AUTHORSHIP AND WRITING
p-lp L^-Ip a Sjj iiyj ol* lil ^*^11 ! aJTj aJp Aiil aJ)I i5417
. ' ^jSsj ^L*jj aWI oU^pIj t jLJl aaL L>-^ IjL-. a_aLJL1I ^jj Aij^jl 2-lh
, *_aCa LJ-Ul ^j-A *Ajl AA)-Ca L^-Jp A- jy^A
5417. The Prophet (SAW A) said, ’If a believer dies and leaves behind
one piece of paper that has knowledge on it, that paper will be a guard for
him on the Day of Judgment between him and the Hellfire, and Allah
Almighty will give him for every word written on that paper a city seven
times larger than the world.' 2
aJ a-2S\j (Jjj i LjJ_>- j! La1p ^ap /y* . aJTj a-Jp aWI Aid a5418
2, CI-O-lAlj dJJi (^flj La I
5418. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever writes knowledge or a
narration on my authority, a reward will continuously be written for him as
long as that knowledge and narration exists.’ 4
Notes
1. 64 / 91 ! Jj-uaJJ (JiAi .
2. Amali al-Saduq, p. 40, no. 3
3.28951 :
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 28951
162
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1576 - fcls&t oil
1576. THE ETIQUETTE OF WRITING
' . *ii i ■ dTj aAp aji! ad J j— .5419
5419. The Prophet (SAWA) said, '[The phrase] In the name of Allah, the
Compassionate, the Merciful is the key [opening] for every book.' 2
oJjt) oir ad i ■ydp .5420
3 •»* a
■ A-
5420. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Do not leave out 'In the name of Allah,
the Compassionate, the Merciful’ even if what follows is poetry.’ 4
Notes
1. 27 / 1 : jyAi JjJ! .
2. al-Durr al-Manthur, v. 1, p. 27
3. 1 / 672 / 2 : jl<ji .
4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 672, no. 1
163
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1577 -
1577. CORRESPONDENCE
, l— 4Ap .5421
5421. The Prophet (SAW A) said, ’The reply to a letter is a right
[incumbent upon one] just like the reply to a greeting (salam).’2
i JJIyjl a-Ip JS^Lyajl .5422
3. iilSQ.1 yLUl <3
5422. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The contact between brothers is
maintained by visiting each other when present, and the contact during
travel is maintained through correspondence.’ 4
5. »WL!l Sj v_jbSOl ^\yr ij I fWJl Jp Jilaal I .5423
5423. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’The reply to a letter is obligatory just
like the obligation of replying the greeting (salam).’ 6
Notes
1.29294 : Judi >r .
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 29294
3. 358 ! djidl .
4. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 358
5. 2 / 670 / 2 : jisOt .
6. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 670, no. 2
164
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340 -
340. CONCEALMENT
1578 - jlT&i
1578. EMPHASISING THE CONCEALING OF SECRETS
3>> <, Lsu Lpb- U4U Up fjs. .5424
' , oSbUJl
5424. Imam Ali (AS) said, To keep silent is wisdom, quietness is safety,
and concealing [secrets] is a part of prosperity.' 2
3 upj.aU Uj ; ^bUJl Up yj .5425
4, OUxSlil Sfij ! (_£UpU ; LJ
5425. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, 'By Allah I would love to
sacrifice the meat of my forearm for two vices of our followers:
heedlessness and little concealment [of secrets].' 5
,44^'y ,4V til oi t Aij : rsUi Up jslji .5426
6. UaA f,
5426. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’By Allah, the most beloved of my
companions to me are those who are the most pious, the most
knowledgeable, and the most discrete with our speech.’ 7
IUp UU \hy\ 0) ,^bUJl Up JCCU .5427
8. *1 a!sT
5427. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Our affairs are hidden and veiled with a
covenant, so Allah will humiliate whoever discloses us.’ 9
' .ml i3 ^ OUT : Up flU' -5428
5428. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Concealing our secrets is struggling on
the path of Allah.’ 11
yA 4 Jyk yy u>-u>- tup pu y» ; ^suji up- jccu *5429
12. u U-
5429. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Whoever announces our [private]
speech is like one who denies us our rights.’ 13
lJu lu»- u>jj- piii yA lJu l. \ ^suji up jccu .5430
14. U Ja
5430. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’He who announces our [private] speech
does not kill us accidentally, rather, he kills us intentionally.’ 15
tlC" Ud j^p -Up Ulij (. 3U \ ^bUJl Up- JCCU j»L Ul .5431
165
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5431. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The announcer of a secret is a doubter,
and he who speaks about it to those who are unworthy of it is a disbeliever.'
17
jjjjjSvi \y\s~ jv4-A eJJi) : ^1*7 aAp ji^Lvaj' .5432
C jv^sLwjL jvAjjJvs 5/y L» , - (jAl jou (jLldl jjAbajj Alll obL
1 , L^-JlP Ij-UclU t LAj^-UU *^JLob>-l (dLc-'"'
5432. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with respect to Allah's verse in the Qur'an:
“That, because they would defy the signs of Allah and kill the prophets
unjustly ” 19 said, 'By Allah, they did not kill them with their hands, nor did
they strike them with their swords, but they listened to their [private]
speeches and publicized them, so they were punished because of it and
killed.'
20
, (Jlj h c dl aAp 4I1I U , y.-'1 ' y} .5433
l " ■ f ■ 3 V U<i Lqji ^Lp
'yf 4j CLjJjj- o' 40135/1 Li) C ^y>b 5>U
5433. Abu Basir narrated, 'I asked Abu Abdillah [Imam al-Sadiq] (AS)
about numerous narrations and he asked, 'Have you concealed anything
about me?' So, I was trying to remember if I had, and when he saw how I
was, he said, 'Anything you speak to your companions is fine, but
22
publicizing it is when you say it to those other than your companions.'
4j
Jli ^ L« (_£tj LOU 1 JSlijl
(See also: DISSIMULATION 412)
, «4dtd!»412 bilj^p (jJijl)
Notes
1. 223 : .
2. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 223
3. 352 / 10 . j ajA\ , JrA) .
4. 1/221/2: Jisdi.
5. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 221, no. 1
6. 7 I 223/2: jisdi .
7. Ibid. v. 2, p. 223, no. 7
8. 15 /226/2 : jisdi.
9. Ibid. v. 2, p. 226, no. 15
10. 7 / 70 / 75 : .
1 1. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 75, p. 70, no. 7
12. 2 / 370 / 2 : jisdi .
13. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 370, no. 2
14. 4 / 370 / 2 : jisd! .
15. Ibid. v. 2, p. 370, no. 4
166
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16. 10 / 371 / 2 : $\&\.
17. Ibid. v. 2, p. 371, no. 1
18.6/371 12 :
19. Quran 261 !
20. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 371, no. 6
21.910/403/ 1 :
22. al-Mahasin, v. 1, p. 403, no. 910
167
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1579 -
1579. PRAISE OF THE DISCREET WORSHIPPER
Aij» j <• "^y a*p aJlp ^Jlp i5434
C 4. a Ua. a 4^X5 4^1 c 0jL4^) C 4^1 43^p t
^ oLflli-l Sj j-ifil ^IIJ.1, ^ja^J t 4Ca 4>j (3 4^1
5434. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Blessed be every unknown worshipper that
no one cares for. He knows people but people do not know him. Allah
knows him with satisfaction; they are the lanterns of guidance.’ “
^ c 4S^SsA^ (.l ^S' 4 a i u 1 o) . 4dp ^ip >5435
4^vj2j (3 La ^aUl (_£j4j ^ ! (J 1® 1’ (J^Caji.1 ^ 4-ajdl Laj , , 4a^Jl 5!)
5435. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’After me there will be dark, blind, obscure
afflictions. No one will be saved from them other than a person who is not
cared about.’ He was asked: ’And who is one who is not cared about, O
Commander of the Faithful?’ He replied, ’He who people do not know what
is inside his self.’ 4
Notes
1. 12 / 225 / 2 ! ijisLst 1 76 / 1 ! e-Ws^t •
2. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 225, no. 12
3. 1 / 166 ! .
4. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 166, no. 1
168
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341 -
341. LYING
1580 - yJ&l fa
1580. THE REPREHENSION OF LYING
ijji : aJTj <Jlp 4ii j .5436
5436. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The worst form of usury is lying.' 2
-CpLj 4jhS^ -Codl lij , 4 1 j aAp a))I a))I .5437
\ aj jU- L. Jj
5437. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’When a servant tells one lie, the angels
distance themselves a mile away from him because of his foul smell.’ 4
", JiLadl O-vSsJl 0) , 4Tj aAp <uj! ^ 4 .5438
5438. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Lying is one door of the doors of
hypocrisy.’ 6
A_iL^ ^y> V) L-AlSsjl L-j-tSC *4 , aJTj aAp a))I (^4^ .5439
jj
5439. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’A liar only lies because of his
disgraceful self, and the origin of mockery is sympathising with people who
lie.’ 8
9. i'u- : fbLJi Up .5440
5440. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Lying is treachery.’ 10
n. 4-J64I p. : rsLJi Up y* .5441
5441. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The most evil of speech is lying.’ 12
jJlp iSj/Al JjJAJI j5 'jj jt Ole’ll (li*4A) ! aAp .5442
5442. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The sign of faith is that you prefer
truthfulness where it is to your own detriment over lying where it is to your
benefit.’ 14
15. 4)JS 5ui : ^%j\ Up yu .5443
5443. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’A liar is degraded and humiliated.’ 16
17. ja \$J yA ^ : rsLJi aAp yu .5444
5444. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’There is no bad thing worse than lying.’ 18
! ■ aLjc aAp .5445
'9, oljjfc aA jlS""
169
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5445. Imam al-Kazim (AS), advising Hisham, said, 'An intelligent person
does not lie even if his interests are involved.' 20
Notes
1. 47 / 263 / 72 : ^ jU .
2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 72, p. 263, no. 47
3.357/6
4. Sharh Nahj al-Balagha li ibn Abi al-Hadid, v. 6 p. 357
5. 8212 : judi .
6. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 8212
7.45/262/72 : M.
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 72, p. 262, no. 45
9.37/261 /72 : j/i \ j*.
10. Ibid. v. 72, p. 261, no. 37
11. 84 : : apsui .
12. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 84
13. 458 aAC44 , .
14. Ibid. Saying 458
15. 339 : jj- .
16. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 339
17. 23 / 259 / 72 : .
18. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 72, p. 259, no. 23
19. 1 / 305 / 78 : .
20. Ibid. v. 78, p. 305, no. 1
170
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1581 - oJiiOl
1581. LYING AND FAITH
dill oLL) 5/ 4-juSsJI ^jitLj 12])
“Only those fabricate lies who do not believe in the signs of Allah, and
it is they who are the liars. ” 2
ff- JLL*2jl c 4jU i dAp Iff- >5446
3
^lp l— ■ AlSsjlj C ‘Ldl^Sj oL>td^a LLji
5446. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Cast aside lying, for it opposes faith. A
truthful person is on the verge of salvation and dignity, whereas a liar is on
the point of falling down and humiliation.' 4
5. olcNi ji ca£ji 5i : ddp jiUi .5447
5447. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Lying is the wrecker of faith.’ 6
0_^J . - y; CrJ~\ dL- jd j - fSLJi Jp jiUddi .5448
t ! (Jt* ? ibis' i euL , joe ; (Jl* ? liUt- i cJs c jOO ; ju ?
2, Cj-tSilj djLAl ff- ■ (Jb* /* t hjL>-
5448. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when asked by Hasan b. Mahbub, 'Can a
believer be miserly?', replied, 'Yes.' [He said] I asked, 'And can he be
cowardly?' The Imam replied, 'Yes.' I asked, 'Can he be a liar?' The Imam
said, 'No, and nor can he be a traitor.' He then said, 'A believer can be
predisposed by nature for everything except treachery and lying.' 8
(See also: FAITH: section 186)
.0U.Y [jaA)
Notes
1. 105 : j—- J' .
2. Quran 16105 !
3. 86 d JaiL ! ■
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 86
5. 8 / 247 / 72 : jySi .
6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 72, p. 259, no. 23
7. 11 / 172// 75 : jijAijW.
8. Ibid. v. 75, p. 305, no. 1
171
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1582 - j-i
1582. LYING IS THE KEY TO ALL EVIL
c ^i,[ 0] ■ dlj <u!p .Uil (J .5449
h Ji Lf-^l
5449. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Lying leads to immorality, and
immorality leads to the Hellfire.' 2
ic-JLii 4 SfLail JgiJJ 0)1 01 ! a4p .5450
2. Aj-tSillj ddh
5450. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Allah, Mighty and Exalted, made locks
for evil, and made the keys to those locks drinking [alcohol], and lying is
even worse than drinking.' 4
aALxjL* ci^A 0? oijtA ! .5451
5. OO&I
5451. Imam al-'Askari (AS) said, 'The malicious sins have all been put in
one house, and the key for it is lying.' 6
Notes
1. 8217 ! Jlidt yS’ .
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 8217
3.3 /236/72 : y/OjU.
4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 72, p. 236, no. 3
5.43 : s/kUi SjjJi.
6. al-Durra al-Bahira, p. 43
172
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1583 - a1 ijaj J^r >Sh
1583. THE COMMAND TO REFRAIN FROM LYING,
BOTH SERIOUSLY AND JESTINGLY
L (JjOl -l>- AC* h! O-XST) (1)1 . aJTj aJp Aill .5452
t aIai )di oj,y ^ 731 (^} o) caJ ^>*3 ^ ^ aci a*j el
) jLJi Ojj c Op-iSsJl Ojy
5452. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Lying is not right, whether it be
serious or in jest, nor is it right for a man to make a promise to his child and
not fulfil it. Truthfulness leads to righteousness, and righteousness leads to
Heaven.’ 2
! 4j Q 1 ^ • ! ( CL*>Jj£: ^-LU ■ a! aJp awI awI (J .5453
3 ! ^ £k? ‘ ^
5453. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Woe unto him who speaks and lies in
order to get people to laugh. Woe to him! Woe to him!’ 4
%a (O-Kii is % ju ok) h pii p A4 : rWJi .5454
5. olfy
5454. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A servant will not experience the taste of
faith until he leaves lying, both seriously and in jest.' 6
ji* -s> Jl ( >aS3l , ~ o-d^j OtS^ “ aJp ^g-bkJl .5455
2, (3 dp-iS^ kj Ots l A>- (3 c aaa
5455. Imam Zayn al- Abidin (AS) would say to his children, 'Be cautious
of lies, both big and small, both seriously and in jest, for if a man tells a
white lie, he will have the audacity to tell a big lie.' 8
Notes
1. 8217 ! Juki yS~ .
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 8217
3. 8215 ! JliOt .
4. Ibid. no. 8215
5. 14 / 249 / 72 : jySi ,k .
6. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 72, p. 249, no. 14
7. 2 / 235 / 72 : jySi ^ .
8. Ibid. v. 72, p. 235, no. 2
173
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1584 - ihl&i
1584. WHITE LIES
L« dXy~~^~ ■ a] I y A^lp aW| 4Wl .5456
5456. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'It suffices as lying for you to repeat
everything that you hear.' 2
0) ■ “ Aji A i (J. ~ aJ I y a4p awI ^La? awI 3 >5457
\jjS~ AaSijl 0) : JlS ? iiT 23)1 JJtj c A.^t.^l S , a^jaLJ ^.^Jt) Ll-l^h
\ Alj-tSvJl
5457. The Prophet (SAWA), when Asma' bint Yazid asked him, 'If one
of us were to say about something we desired: 'I do not desire it’, would this
be considered lying?’ He replied, ’A lie is written as a lie, and a white lie is
written as a white lie.' 4
AS' Li aJ ly aAp awI ^ awI Jy^yy L«yj j»\ ^s-'a \ y\s- jj iii ap .5458
Lh c^yjl L« , aJ I y a4p *43 awI Jy^*y hi (JLaI t a 1 h c-l JL*j La , a^JULI t Lua
y) d2h 1_3 , aJ I j a^Ip awI ^La^ awI (Jy^.j Ll <JlJh c (a j A a oi ca^jI , c^JLi \ Adajc
5. Sjdf giip oas'Ua a^J ji
5458. Abdullah b. ’Amir narrated, ’My mother called me one day when
the Prophet (SAWA) was sitting in our house, and she said, ’Come here so I
can give you something.' The Prophet (SAWA) asked her, 'What did you
want to give him?' She said, 'I wanted to give him a date.' So the Prophet
(SAWA) said to her, 'If you were not to have given him anything, it would
have been written against you as a lie.' 6
Notes
1. 122 / 2 ! .
2. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 122
3. 32 / 597 / 3 : .
4. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 3, p. 597, no. 32
5. 34 / 598 / 3 : .
6. Ibid. v. 3, p. 598, no. 34
174
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1585 - oaSOi 5j £
1585. THE CONSEQUENCE OF LYING
(yil i'diyi ai y ^ 'Ai Si)
“ Indeed Allah does not guide someone who is a profligate, a liar.”
3, (djj-rSd lyir \pj ojJpJ L awI lyipl Lc yy d? iiLaj
“He caused hypocrisy to ensue in their hearts until the day they will
encounter Him, because of their going back on what they had promised
Allah and because of the lies they used to tell. ” 4
4j>-^ji , 4J i^ Adp 4iii awi .5459
5459. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Lying blackens the face.' 6
2, <3ff 1 , aJTj Adp 4iii y-*^ y .5460
5460. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Lying decreases sustenance.' 8
\ yphfl if ddddlj LJdl f ajLgi.1 >— cSCJl oyc j ^bddl Adp yp ^Lh/I .5461
5461. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The consequence of lying is humiliation in
this world and punishment in the Hereafter.' 10
y jj^ii ydi (_j-\SsJi ys"- ; ^sddi Adp yp *Lyi .5462
5462. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Excessive lying corrupts one's religion and
increases one's burden [of sins].' 12
13. jidi Ji isfy 4 yj&i : yddi AdP yp yy .5463
5463. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Lying leads to hypocrisy.' 14
y Ajjy d.ds' \ ^sdd i Adp yp yyi .5464
5464. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Whoever lies corrupts his valour.’ 16
^y, t aj aidi O-Ls i yp ; yddi Adp yp »Lyi .5465
y aJIjSI dA-lSlil
5465. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Whoever is known to lie will be less trusted,
and whoever refrains from lying will be trusted in what he says.' 18
<. aAp <Uil dp .. \ AjASnj 4Aisl!i yyy ; yddi Adp yp ^iyi .5466
' \ aJ A^rALl C Aj yd I AjL^pdj
5466. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A liar acquires three things with his lies:
Allah's discontentment with him, the people's despising him, and the angels'
20
hatred towards him.'
21 . yin 1>jjS idpi : yLJi up yp yyi .5467
22
5467. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Habitually lying brings about poverty.'
23. iijii cAJdl yyC- s : yLJi a^ iiiyi yyi .5468
5468. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Do not lie, lest your splendour fade
away.' 24
175
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jui ssiu u Uis3 ja/i oi : fSLJi Up ft*V' -5469
25
5469. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’When a man lies, he is deprived of the
Night Prayer as a result.’ 26
Jp (a.) iii 5ip1 & oi : Up (jitUJi fL.}i -5470
27.285l4ii
5470. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’That which Allah helps [to expose] the
liars with is forgetfulness.’ 2930
Notes
1. 28 : yip .
2. Quran 4028i
3. 77 ! iiyJl .
4. Quran 977:
5. 28 / 596 / 3 : v^b .
6. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 3, p. 596, no. 28
7. 29 / 596 / 3 : v^b .
8. Ibid. v. 3, p. 596, no. 29
9. 4640 : (UJ-I .
1 0. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4640
1 1. 7123 : pAJ-' jA .
12. Ibid. no. 7123
13. 1181 \ <S±\ j>.
14. Ibid. no. 1181
15. 7794 : r<Ui .
16. Ibid. no. 7794
17.9181 j 8888 : ^ijA.
18. Ibid. no. 8888,9181
19. 11039 : j>.
20. Ibid. no. 11039
21.36/261 /72 :
22. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 72, p. 261, no. 36
23. 8 / 192 / 72 : .
24. Ibid. v. 72, p. 192, no. 8
25. 29 / 260 / 72 : ^ A .
26. Ibid. v. 72, p. 260, no. 29
27. 0 jJ ojJli yii Uy oXtaj c >» ^ x>c a 1 00-^aJI 01
0 Jg'U A Sfjjl Ojili) .
28.15 /341 /2:^.
176
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29. Meaning that forgetfulness becomes a way of exposing them, as they may lie about
something and forget what it is they had said, and then say something contrary to what they
had first said (as is quoted from the footnote of the source reference)
30. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 341, no. 15
177
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1586 -
1586. THE WORST OF LIES
*. jA-i ^ l SyA\ <j A s^)
“So who is a greater wrongdoer than him who fabricates a lie against
Allah to mislead the people without any knowledge. ” 2
tSy* ij aljlA ill (_£/
3- is-J^*^-
“On the Day of Resurrection you will see those who attributed lies to
Allah with their faces blackened. Is not the [final] abode of the arrogant
in hell?” 4
*A [jA OL] ^SA- p [f~A> ^j} ■ yip ^Ip .5471
5. ij— jj i>' yiSiJl y. jlTf Sj t J4>lJl j-? JrP’' X? dj^4 J-?
5471. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There will come a time after me when there
will be nothing more hidden than the truth and nothing more manifest than
falsehood, and nothing worse than lying about Allah and His Messenger.' 6
Ls\ f jUAJi ja si iiiy : ^wji As. yp .5472
, a] I j As* .U) 1 A I J ^lp Cy 'A' I 0 1 y*
5472. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'By Allah, falling from the sky or being
snatched by a bird would be more beloved to me than to lie about the
Messenger of Allah (SAWA).' 8
jjSi h! Luly ! 0J3 c yLyaJi Jl SA 4j-iSlll j[ \ ^S-A\ aJp JLliall »L*hfl .5473
r^lpj l51pj ill Jp i_j ASCII idi li[ t duAi Jyp- ! Jli ! ? y dJJi
, j^Ap ^ aAs- 4W I cla I aS *i I
5473. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A lie breaks the fast of a fasting person.'
[Abu Basir said] I asked, 'But who from among us does not lie?!' The Imam
replied, 'It is not as you are thinking, rather it is lying about Allah, His
Messenger, and the Imams, praises of Allah be upon him and them.' 10
dTj aJp ill Jpj ill ^Jp AjiSil ! ^'fA\ aJp JblAil I .5474
U. St
5474. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Lying about Allah and His Messenger
(SAWA) is a major sin.' 12
Notes
1. 144 : ruAi .
2. Quran 6144 !
3. 60 : pJ' .
178
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4. Quran 3960:
5. 147 .
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 147
7. 466 / 133 : ^71 .
8. Qurb al-Isnad, p. 133, no. 466
9. 9 / 340 / 2 : .
10. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 340, no. 9
11.5/339/2 : jisOi.
12. Ibid. v. 2, p. 339, no. 5
179
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1587 -
1587. INSTANCES WHERE LYING IS PERMITTED
\ c? tL-iSlil ! aAp Js^Ly^Jl >5475
'■ u>A oli
5475. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Lying is disparaged except in two
situations: to repel the evilness of oppressors and to reconcile between
people.' 2
(jjj c c Ji-w? ! aAp »L*yi *5476
3.
5476. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Speech is of three kinds: the truth, the
lie and the [means of] reconciling between people.' 4
\ 4d - A-i#- jlixai *5477
5477. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A reconciler is not a liar.
, 6
Notes
t.48/263/72 : y/d ,u.
2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 72, p. 263, no. 48
3. 16 / 341 / 2 :
4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 341, no. 16
5.5/210/2 : jisdi.
6. Ibid. v. 2, p. 210, no. 5
180
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1588 - kjp
1588. DISSEMBLANCE (TAWRIYA)
1
iyir 1-La aLbs y jis)
“He said, 'Rather it was this biggest of them who did it! Ask them, if
they can speak. ” 3
jp <3 j| ! aJTj aJp a&i ^ Jy— y .5478
4.
5478. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'The intelligent man can free himself
from lying by using vague speech.’ 5
oStLJ ja/i jjSC y Ip lib u - ^LJ\ .5479
, ^ IjJ&Ub 1 ‘CujlA *uip
5479. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when Abdullah b. Bukayr asked him about a
person who wants to visit him and he tells his servant to say: 'He is not here
in this very place' [and whether that is permissible], replied, 'There is no
problem, it is not lying.' 8
Notes
1. Meaning someone saying something in such a way that makes it possible for the
listener to understand something else.
2. 63 : dbsh .
3. Quran 2 1 63 !
4. 8253 : juJi .
5. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 8253
6. 1 / 137 ! .
7. ch ^-Ip ijLj , jS Aju l^i.1 l 1 1 <JU
5 1 . aJ A>-j *)! 3^ c jljJl JL>- y* aJ^Aj) .
8. Mustatrafat al-Sara?ir, p. 137, no. 1
181
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1589 - oJL&i
1589. LISTENING TO A LIE
“And the Jews who eavesdrop with the aim of [telling] lies [against
you].”2
\ ^ i\p y : rsLJi Up ^Lp ^iaji .5480
5480. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Do not give your hearing [i.e. attention] to
those who have gone astray.' 4
? . Qp\ ./9e\\ ^j£- aJp JULvsJl i5481
*Sil JjiaLil jir ou c o-Up XX jjlslj /ji aJp jlij t ; JL X
~ , xx XX ^p ^yL?hJl 0U”" 0[y , .ujI -Lp XX
5481. It is narrated in Bihar al-Anwar: Imam al-Sadiq (AS) was asked
about storytellers and whether it is permitted to listen to them?' He said,
'No', and he (AS) said, 'Whoever listens to a speaker worships him. But if he
speaks about Allah [and anything associated], then it is as if he is
worshipping Allah, and if he speaks from or about Satan [and anything
associated with him], then it is as if he is worshipping Satan.'
Notes
1.41 ! o.Ajih .
2. Quran 54 1 !
3. 10 : ip^U' jU .
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 1
5.. 1 / 264/72 QiySli jx.
6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 72, p. 264, no. 1
182
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342 -
342. NOBILITY
1
1590
1590. THE VIRTUE OF NOBILITY
4^0 j £j}\ i aJTj Up aui u J .5482
5482. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'A man's nobility is his religion.' 3
AU f-x*’ U till ■ dTj Up auI p^° 5^ .5483
5483. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah, most High is Generous and He
loves the generous.' 5
6. : rsLJi Up yp .5484
5484. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Graciousness is of great manners.' 7
Notes
1. The word karam in Arabic has a very wide range of meanings, denoting nobility,
high-mindedness, generosity, magnanimity, kindness, graciousness, and all other such
qualities associated with someone of high birth or excellent lineage. It has been translated
in this chapter with the English term best suited to the individual contexts of the traditions
(ed.)
2. 8782/292/3 : .
3. Musnad Ibn Hanbal, v. 3, p. 292, no. 8782
4. 15991 :
5. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 15991
6. 1 / 211 / 77 : jijrtijU.
7. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 77, p. 211, no. 1
183
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1591 -
1591. THE MORAL OF THE GENEROUS PEOPLE
“Those who do not give false testimony, and when they come upon vain
talk, pass by nobly. ” 2
~ , a^p ^ ljjJi a4p ^ >5485
5485. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who is noble towards his own self, his
desires become contemptible.' 4
3, jvijJL ^Slll & : r!5LJi Adp fiAb .5486
5486. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Nobility is to fulfil obligations.' 6
\ 4^3 Ji cf ji (zj&r. rsLJi AdP ^Lp fi^i .5487
5487. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A noble person is he who honours his face
from the humiliation of the fire.' 8
9. ^jludj : rsLJi aJp ^Lp fi.^1 .5488
5488. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A generous person becomes inattentive and is
thus [seems to be] tricked.' 10
n. Up jp^j lilj t jj Jpj lil I aJp yp ,5489
5489. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'When a noble person makes a promise he
fulfils it, and when he threatens [to punish], he forgives [instead].' 12
^y> jhaJi c AA..,^tii ; aJp yp .5490
13 . cl4l!
5490. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Giving advice is of the morals of the noble,
whereas cheating is of the morals of the vile.' 14
Ji sjSLjj t jsui ja Ji sjsyj : aJp yp .5491
*5, ^ (44
5491. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Rushing to forgive is of the morals of the
generous, and rushing to take revenge is the habit of the vile.’ 16
^1-Lwdj Ll fxs ^J[ o)iLj.l aL.^a I aJp ^Lp I ,5492
17 „
5492. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Noble people possess the merit of initiating
1 8
good deeds and performing generous acts.’
I9. idu r\£s\ ill. : fsLJi aJp .5493
5493. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The habitual practice of the generous is
munificence.1 20
184
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jijiji \'p>\ : f5LJi a^p \\si\ .5494
21
5494. Imam Hasan (AS) said, 'As for generosity, it entails undertaking
acts of common courtesy and giving before being asked.' 22
JAjojj c d. J2jl> o) ■ aJp Tjj-bLdl .5495
23-
5495. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, 'A noble person is pleased on
account of his generosity, whereas a vile person is proud of what he owns.’
24
piiSj c jbU J-d dbd ! aAp >5496
~5. t
5496. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Three things show the nobility of a
person: good manners, suppressing anger, and casting down one’s gaze.’ 26
Notes
1.72 : jivii.
2. Quran 2572!
3.9130 : j>.
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 9130
5. 1 / 209 / 77 : ^ jU .
6. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 77, p. 209, no. 1
7. 82 / 82 / 78 : jU .
8. Ibid. v. 78, p. 82, no. 82
9. 446 . ^ddd jj£- .
10. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 446
11. 1528 : (vSdu j> .
12. Ibid. no. 1528
13. 1299 3 1298
14. Ibid. nos. 1298-1299
15. 1567 J 1566 !p&u .
16. Ibid. nos. 1566-1567
17. 7353 ipSdU jj- .
18. Ibid. no. 7353
19. 5558 : (vSUt j> .
20. Ibid. no. 5558
21. 2 / 89 / 44 : yySli ^ .
22. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 44, p. 89, no. 2
23. 27 : SydJl Sjdt .
24. al-Durra al-Bahira, p. 27
185
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25. 319 : J^uii .
26. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 319
186
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1592 - u
1592. WHAT IS NOT REGARDED AS THE VIRTUES
aJip ^Lp j»L«5ll ,5497
5497. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’lying and betrayal are not among the
characteristics of the gernerous people.’ 2
3. cu^i ^ ja : rsLJi Up ^Lp .5498
5498. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’It is not among the characteristics of generous
people to hasten in taking revenge.’ 4
5. ji4 (i j* : fbLJi Adp ^Lp .5499
5499. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’He who does not repay bad with good is not
of the noble.’ 6
2, iJp 4JP ^La^ll ,5500
5500. Imam Hasan (AS) said, ’He who counts his favours [to others]
destroys his own generosity.’ 8
Notes
1. 1507 : rai,>.
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1507
3. 7490 : j> .
4. Ibid. no. 7490
5. 8958 : r<^t .
6. Ibid. no. 8958
7.7/113/78 : jijAijU.
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 1 13, no. 7
187
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1593 -
1593. ENCOURAGING KINDNESS TOWARDS
. dTj 4-^f- aii (_jU^ .5501
5501. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Honour the generous of every race of
people.' 2
Notes
1.33 / 15 /46:^!^.
2. Ibid. v. 46, p. 15, no. 33
188
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1594 - ^
1594. THE VIRTUE OF TREATING
^1p OUU aAp ^JAS li* " aJ1j aAp .ujI ^Ua? awI >5502
oSLw.^Jl aJ aa-1 ^1p y* A c oUU L ! “ aJ] ALaJll
■. a &\ sfi ij
5502. The Prophet (SAWA), when Salman entered the room and he
(SAWA) was leaning on a cushion, he gave it to Salman saying, ’O Salman,
any Muslim who visits his Muslim brother, and the latter gives him a
cushion [to sit on] in honour of him, Allah will forgive him.’ 2
, AjW> aWI y* 0] ■ aJTj aAp .Uil aWI <J «5503
2. aap (jlAl jJ.liJl yA OT^all J^Ay cJ^Ldl c (j AdiJl yz
5503. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Honouring three people is glorifying
the Magnitude of Allah: a Muslim of old age, a just leader, and one who has
memorised the Quran, who is neither an extremist with regard to it, nor has
he shunned it [practicing it] aside.' 4
\ ill AU oAl U~* ^ (_jU‘5 aM J y*j .5504
5504. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever honours his brother honours
Allah indeed.' 6
\ Sj^rG jjvpi (J'tf lii :dTj Up 4 to ju* *s>i J ^ .5505
5505. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'When a visitor comes to you honour
him.’ 8
aP~A>- y-*)l \ ^ydly awL y*ji old" , dlj <u1p awI aw! (Jy**j .5506
9
5506. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Whoever believes in Allah and the
Hereafter should honour the people he sits with.' 10
aJ ^ip AilA Sj ®y4j5 ^ jJAj JAI ,aJTj aJp aUI ^La® yill .5507
1 1
5507. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Anyone who takes the stirrup of a
person [in order to assist him], neither from hope of a reward from him
thereof, nor from fear of him will be forgiven.' 12
, LA-jP cyJLLcs aA Jfe.® , aJ ' j aJp aWI aWI (J .5508
5508. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’When one enters a place he is taken
aback, so receive him with a welcome.’ 14
15. 4 a ji y^.\3 1 j^di :UTj aJp .5509
5509. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Be kind to orphans and be good to
your neighbour.’ 16
189
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17. fil'J IjLo-t, \^/\ IaJTj, Up ^ &\ jj-y .5510
5510. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Be kind to your children and teach
them good manners.' 18
Notes
t.35/235/ 16 : yA'i
2. Ibid. v. 16, p. 235, no. 35
3.21 / 184/92 : ^H\ m.
4. Ibid. v. 92, p. 184, no. 21
5. 25488 : Jiui .
6. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 25488
7. 25485 : Juu U .
8. Ibid. no. 25485
9. 25490 : JIUI .
10. Ibid. no. 25490
n.25501 : judi yg .
12. Ibid. no. 25501
13.25499 : JtuijU.
14. Ibid. no. 25499
15. 15500/281 / 5 :
16. Musnad Ibn Hanbal, v. 5, p. 281, no. 15500
17. 3671 / 1211 / 2 : UjV.
18. Sunan Ibn Maja, p. 3671
190
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1595 - M/is fi
1595. REPREHENSION OF REJECTING KINDNESS
‘ jtS^JL5-T ^^Ip tit ! dTj aJp <&l 4il Jj—’j .5511
\ jLJ-l tp_ till
5511. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'If one of you is treated kindly do not
reject it. Indeed, it is the donkey that rejects kindness.' 2
C d • • h li Aa C ■ d I J ^dp .5512
, L4 ;j Ij 1
5512. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Accept generosity [in the form of a
gift], and the best of generosity is perfume; it is light to carry and has a
fragrant scent.’ 4
4Juip Aa^sj ^jA , aJ|j aJp <U)1 dill .5513
, Ltwi o-Up Lt jl c
5513. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’A man’s honouring of his Muslim
brother entails accepting his gift, or for him to give him something of what
he owns without burden [troubling himself].' 6
2. ^Ip dAifd Jjb dff-Liap ^3> ^Ja \ ^bddl aAs' ^L.bH .5514
5514. Imam Husayn (AS) said, 'Whoever accepts what you give to them
has aided you in your generosity.' 8
Notes
1.307/92 : .
2. Qurb al-Isnad, p. 92 no. 307
3.190/164/77:^91 m.
4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77 p. 164 no. 190
5.87 / 107 ! .
6. Nawadir al-Rawandi, p. 1 1
7. 24 : syO SjjJi .
8. al-Durra al-Bahira, p. 23
191
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1596 - fjSl
1596. THE MOST HONOURABLE OF PEOPLE
*. <• j,j yi jJJ £Ti 61 . aJTj aJp Aiii yv» Jj— ’j >5515
5515. The Prophet (SAWA) said, I am the most honourable of the
children of Adam to my Lord, without pride.' 2
^53 0^3 L^>-1 , aJLL aij ~ aJTj aJp <U)1 <U)I .5516
3. ^iDi ^rf jLL Ji Sj4LL" ^ : -
5516. The Prophet (SAWA), when a person asked him, 'I want to be the
most honoured of people, replied, 'Do not complain about Allah to people
and you will be the most honoured of people.' 4
5. fjf’bi : rsLJi aLp yp fuy .5517
5517. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’There is no honour like Godwariness.’ 6
.1866 <— A ! (jLjl)
(See also: GODWARINESS: section 1866)
Notes
1.3610/585/5 : ^ .
2. Sunan al-Tirmidhi, p. 3610
3.44154 :
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 44154
5. 1 13 gjs .
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 113
192
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1597-^1 f/t j-OH f/!
1597. HONOURING PEOPLE IS HONOURING
c~/t tit /3t ^ /I ji 1/s St : /ut Up ft/t .5518
' t 2-U-aj L* ySu> i^P L. JJgj SLs t 2JU ^p 14 opjJj Ls
5518. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A kind deed you do for a person is kindness
done towards yourself, and with which you decorate your own honour. So,
do not seek thanks from someone else for what you have done for yourself.'
2
c ^)lij.l jLpI <■ s'jS- \ ^“AUl Up ^1p fLUl .5519
" , 2-LUaJ <Uj2SJ
5519. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Habituate yourself to performing noble deeds
and paying the debts of others, and your self will be noble.' 4
.539 <_a ! JU3/1 (/ it)
(See also: GOOD-DOING: section 539)
Notes
1. 3542 : /li ^ .
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3542
3. 6232 : /-t jA ■
4. Ibid. no. 6232
193
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343 -
343. EARNINGS
1598 - ^ nJi CdM
1598. THE BEST OF EARNINGS
lil jjJJI d—i' cd Jo! 5l ! aJTj <Jlp 4)1 4)1 .5520
c i c Ijjaijd i Ij-tpj 1 id C (oJ^ojd i c i
' , 1 jvl 0t5"" I3[j l IjJJfiX 1 c
5520. The Prophet (SAW A) said, ’The best of earnings is the earning of
traders who when they speak they do not lie, when they are entrusted with
something they do not betray, when they promise they do not breach, when
they buy they do not defame [the goods], when they sell they do not praise
[their own goods], when they are in debt they do not delay its repayment,
and if they are owed [money] they do not force [their debtor].’ ~
, .u)l (J5 ^ *> g d .dkl , 4 .uj! .uj! .5521
5521. The Prophet (SAW A) said, ’The best [legitimate] earning of a
Muslim is through striving on the path of Allah.’ 4
Notes
1. 9341 j 9340 : judi^r.
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 9340-9341
3. 10516 : Jlddl .
4. Ibid. no. 10516
194
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1599 - ill J* ioM
1599. ENCOURAGEMENT OF EARNING
dii ol c l2l'*-pi i-L* 4 ■ ~ 3^ lj ■ ^sl~ji •^As' ,5522
'■ ^ V? ^ ^ 44 % ‘ ^
5522. Prophet David (AS), when he walked past a shoemaker said, 'O
person, work and eat, for Allah loves the one who works and eats, and does
not love those who eat and do not work.' 2
el jj- * ^jy>- -Ls Ll*io ^S~\ I L \ dTj aLp ^1 <^1 ^3^J .5523
, o-\j J^p /j ** ^JY" 1 OlY" ^33^ dil 3^ ^ o-q ^J-ep
5523. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'There is absolutely no food better
consumed than consuming from the earnings of one's own hand, and the
prophet of Allah, David (AS) would eat from the labour of his hand.' 4
", or- L J IS] ^J^aLdl i£p J?r*~ ■ aLp A^l ^1*2 (J .5524
5524. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The best earning is that of the hands of
a worker if he is faithful [honest in his work].' 6
<3 oy>-Lii 3 ^-^4 ^sLdi d-p oic , allO! .5525
2, (Jt/Al i^Jio 35 AX^d 3-sjCj ^L*j L)1 o\jj 01 -Uji I -ti Ai^lLl
5525. It is narrated in Man La Y ahduruhu al-Faqih: 'The Commander of
the Faithful (AS) would leave in the midday heat to work, wanting Allah,
most High to see him tiring himself out in acquiring a lawful earning.' 8
lijii ojjt j£pt fSLJi Up 5^311 yJ 01 : j*WJi aAp iiCaJi .5526
9. 005
5526. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The Commander of the Faithful (AS)
freed one thousand slaves as a result of what he earned with his own hands'
labour.’ 10
aAp /Ill-up jJ l5l lias ; ip jj jj. js* A-iiJi ,5527
OL-LJl a!o*J jl ddl LpS c oiloi Lil LUL- , Lid c aJ loti ■>- 3 _0*j jJ&j
(3 JsU-I dJisty (_goL ^Opt aS)I 3(5 01 |jr$Lst 3U 3^pS t S \ Jls t
11 •<
1
5527. It is narrated in Man La Yahduruhu al-Faqih, from Al-Fadl b. Abi
Qurra: 'We walked into the presence of Abu Abdillah [al-Sadiq] (AS) and
he was working at fixing his wall, so we said, 'May Allah sacrifice us for
you, let us work for you, or let the servants do it.' He said, 'No, let me be, for
I desire for Allah to see me working with my hands and earning a lawful
livelihood through tiring my own self.' 12
195
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Notes
1. 42 / 1 ! •
2. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 1, p. 42
3. 9223 : Ju-ji .
4. Kanz al- 'Ummal, no. 9223
5. 76 ! ^4^ .
6. Jami al-Ahadith, p. 76
7. 3596 / 163 / 3 ! ^4^ 7 .
8. al-Faqih, v. 3, p. 163, no. 3596
9. 895 / 326 / 6 .
10. al-Tahdhib, v. 6, p. 326, no. 3595
11. 3595 / 163 / 3 ! van 7 ^ .
12. al-Faqih, v. 3, p. 163 no. 3595
196
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1600 - jJa
1600. DISPARAGED EARNINGS
di , 4J Jli (J. ~ 4J .Ull .Uil .5528
C £.Ljl»> AoJ-CvJ A^J-C^ c .iijjl AoJ-v*> , ” (JlJl3 ? A^-L*d ts^
.Lw*>li^- *)lj c LL?Ll>- c \j\^23 *)Ij c IJuLy^
oLiS^Vl (^jJl ! 3^ ^ c aITj aJlp a\iI a\iI 3^-^j b ■ 3^-^
£c_ll*j AjIs ^jLv^JI L«Ij C aJ-^ C-^tLL? L: £^1 d^>-l ^jC«l Lf* 2ijJj^JJj C (Jw«l
aJ U»Ij c a*1$ Ax?*^Jl {j^>- aJU ^lyg all U»U c
Lai*!? ^>3^-\ w\J oULf) (jl ^3>i lijLx wLxjl 4^1 O^J C l3^" ^bd^Jl
dJ-^ j!/^ b)| ^ b ! 3^ aJLp ^IjI aJU U>Ij , L»j5
^ . Jj»»bjl jyL^J
5528. The Prophet (SAW A), when a person asked him, 'I taught my son
this book, so what shall I make him work as?' replied, ’May Allah forgive
your father, hand him over to any occupation, but [whatever you do] do not
hand him over to five people: Do not give him to a sayya?, nor a goldsmith,
nor a butcher, nor a wheat- seller, and nor a slave trader.'
. «^/M» 95 j'jop ‘ «SjUdji» 55 J'dP [j&\)
(See also: TRADE; THE PROFESSION 95)
Notes
1.1 /77/ 103 : jijAijW.
197
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344 -
344. LAZINESS
1601 -
1601. Laziness
\ if\ : rui Up fjs- .5529
5529. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The bane of success is laziness.' 2
Ahv ■■■ 1 | Apjj \ aJip yp- *5530
2, UaLiJ JJjL t ilcU""
5530. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A believer desires that which stays, and
renounces that which perishes.... his laziness is far from him and his energy
is constant.' 4
5. : rsLJi aUp *1p .5531
5531. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Laziness corrupts one's Hereafter.' 6
2. jAA? 3 aJp yp .5532
5532. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Whoever obeys slackness will lose rights.' 8
9. i Jjjii j\Ji\ ja : fsLJi aUp ^Ip .5533
5533. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'From slackness comes laziness.' 10
^i\j 'q)J]\ ijiua : ^slji aUp *Jp .5534
5534. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Combat slackness with firm will.' 12
13. jcJOi oiyp j^jkh ’jjJg : aUp *Jp .5535
5535. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Delaying work is the title for laziness.' 14
15. uljij jjjJl, jud : fbLJi Up jiUi .5536
5536. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Laziness harms both one's religion [i.e.
the Hereafter] and this world.' 16
jyxj ji - jAjii 3 ' ■ ui ■ (*bCUi >5537
^2, l aJ^-T ^p j g 3 oLo y>\ ^ oLo ^jp
5537. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'I hate a man - or I hate for a man - to be
lazy in his worldly affairs, and whoever is lazy in his worldly affairs will be
lazier in his affairs of the Hereafter.' 18
19. 1 j^uji JAp : fsLJi aJp fiAfi .5538
20
5538. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The enemy of work is laziness.'
$ UK] ! - o-iij ~ aJp jcLvUi .5539
21
— - •>* ^ *>*
198
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5539. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said to some of his children, 'Beware of
becoming lazy and bored, for they will both forbid you from your share in
this world and the Hereafter.' 22
Notes
1. 3968 : j> .
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3968
3.92/26/78 :
4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 26, no. 92
5. 14695 / 45 / 13 : 4-^— * •
6. Mustadrak al-Wasa?il, v. 13, p. 45, no. 14695
7. 239 .
8. Nahj al-Balagha saying 239
9. 9284 : 4^1 .
10. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 9284
11.5927 : r<Ai
12. Ibid. no. 5927
13.4471 :
14. Ibid. no. 4471
15. 64/ 180/78 : ^ \ M-
16. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 180, no. 64
17. 4 / 85 / 5 : jisdi .
18. al-Kafi, v. 5, p. 85, no. 4
19. 1 / 85 / 5 : jisdi .
20. Ibid. v. 5, p. 85, no. 1
21.2/85/5 : jisdi.
22. Ibid. v. 5 p. 85, no. 2
199
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345 - j&\
345. DISBELIEF
1602 - cjLptja
1602. CAUSES OF DISBELIEF
l jjiSsJl 015^ ■ 4 1 j aTp a))1 a))I (J .5540
^ , 7 fd'j
5540. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'There are four pillars of disbelief:
desire, fear, discontentment and anger.' 2
t l JdSlil aAp ^ip il/Al ,5541
3 r i i i
- , t eTiJij
5541. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Disbelief was built on four pillars: corruption,
extremism, doubt and suspicion.’ 4
553 t 5b#i ^ ji/^i ^ : fSUi Jp jsui .5542
5542. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’Every act that is drawn by attestation
and submission is faith, and anything that is drawn by refusal and denial is
disbelief.’ 6
a] Tj <u1p 4)1 fjj 4)1 j JjA aJp \ ,5543
7
5543. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’He who doubts in Allah and His
Messenger (SAWA) is a disbeliever.’ 8
.18V i 186 <— a l j A.'/i (jAji)
(See also: FAITH: section 186, 187)
Notes
1.2/289/2 : jisdi.
2. Ibid. v. 2, p. 289, no. 2
3.1/391/2:^1.
4. Ibid. v. 2, p. 391, no. 1
5. 15/387/2 : jisdi.
6. Ibid. v. 2, p. 387, no. 15
7. 10 / 386 / 2 : jtsdi .
8. Ibid. v. 2, p. 386, no. 10
200
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1603 - y&\
1603. THE LOWEST LEVEL OF DISBELIEF
4-ad^Jl 4^-1 i l^a 4^Lp 4^il 4^il .5544
* 1 ^ 23dy 1 4 4. . >? a j ,j 1 •Xiji 44p ^ g 1 a.
5544. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The lowest level of disbelief is when a
man hears something from his fellow brother, memorizing it and desiring to
expose him by it. There is no share of blessings for these people.' 2
3. ^ : - aU-^ii jif ^ u - rbLJi 4dp .5545
5545. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when asked about the lowest level of atheism,
said, 'Arrogance is part of it.' 4
c 2-j.is"" JljjS- j) J Aj 4 l). _ 4-lt- .5546
5. jilSs j JjLU |_j* ! ■ jL?- t iu-j
5546. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when asked about the status of a person who
lies when he speaks, who breaks promises when he makes them, and who
betrays trusts when entrusted with them, replied, 'These are the lowest of the
states of disbelief, even though he may not be a disbeliever.' 6
Notes
1. 112/276/78 : y.Ai
2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 276, no. 1 12
3. 47 / 394 : mH\ ju. .
4. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 394, no. 37
5. 5 / 290 / 2 : jisdi .
6. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 290, no. 5
201
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346 - S&i&i
346. RECOMPENSE
1604 - olsiivi ^Js-
1604. ENCOURAGING THE REWARDING
* ,
“When you are greeted with a salute, greet with a better one than it, or
return it; indeed Allah takes account of all things. ” 2
\ 'll OLJ-SJ! l[ fr j-*)
“Is the requital of goodness anything but goodness ?” 4
SFi °f*) : ju; j - rwJi fL.)ft .5547
01 aAx2 l A_J) t ^>-Lajij (j Ojsj" " “
US"" c^jcU Ots c US"" O' olilSs^.1 cuUj t aj
jl-Uj'iLi ii*
5547. Imam al-Kazim (AS), with regards to Allah's verse: “Is the
requital of goodness anything but goodness?” said, 'It means that among
the believers, disbelievers, righteous and sinful, when good is done unto
them they must recompense it. Recompense is not that you do what was
done until you see yu excel him, for if you repay it exactly as he did unto
you, he has the merit in being the initiator.' 6
"t, < > # _j __ x , }
L» C 0^i3lSo Ij I \ <ulp ^ ^ (J
.5548
5548. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Whoever does a good turn to you,
recompense it, and if you do not find something to recompense it with, then
pray to Allah for him until you think you have compensated him.' 8
aSjjU- aJUU. f ■ ” i3ja1SU jU (j - ^»SUJ' aJp ^1p .5549
l ^ yajd . L if lllSU c ^ip \syd>-
\ Sll 1 1 ^ UU-yiUj Vy l U2U
5549. Imam Ali (AS), in his exposition of rights, said, '...Then, from His
right, He, glory be to Him, created certain rights for certain people over
others. He made them so as to equate with one another. Some of these rights
produce other rights, and some rights are such that they do not accrue except
with others.' 10
J ju tdiJi j^\ stlUJ j Ax $b\ :rWJi aJp yp {\jS}\ .5550
* * . oySuj j l
5550. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Extend your hand in recompense to one who
has done good to you, and if you cannot do so, then at least thank him.’ 12
202
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l L) aAs' ij^1p .5551
^^LJJ 2J)3 4(a c L^Jp (_3_g 0* L^j^ISo -U 233)
5551. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'If you are greeted with a salute then greet
back with one better than it, and when a hand is extended towards you,
return it with more that what it did; and the merit for this is with the
initiator.' 14
15. 3\ fliisa Sfi itb ^ aAp jUsisOi fLvyi .5552
5552. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, 'The act of kindness is like shackles that
cannot be unlocked except through recompense or thanks.' 16
.1056 <— A ! jSLiJl (jiAl)
(See also: THANKSGIVING: section 1056)
Notes
1. 86 : a~Ji .
2. Quran 486 !
3. 60 : ^ .
4. Quran 5560!
5.1/311/78 :
6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 311, no. 1
7. 8 / 43 / 75 : ^ M .
8. Ibid. v. 75, p. 43, no. 8
9. 216 .
10. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 216
11. 2383 : jJ- .
12. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2383
13. 62 4^5^44 , .
14. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 62
15. 34 : sydJi SjjJi .
16. al-Durra al-Bahira, p. 34
203
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1605 - ^ J U
1605. THAT WHICH SHOULD BE DONE AND
\ oiLAb SljUj.1 Slil£jJ : fWJl Up ^p fL.’jfl .5553
5553. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The worst form of recompense is requital
with bad.’ 2
3. jL^)A suilA ou.V' aJp yp fL.)H .5554
5554. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’From the perfection of faith is to recompense
the bad doer with goodness.’ 4
aJI tc jUs UAJLi UjUUI ills' ^ : ^slji aUp jiUUi .5555
5. Atb» CuU-
5555. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Whoever recompenses a foolish person
with foolishness has accepted what has come unto them, since they imitated
that example.’ 6
^rii i t HjS'ii Aliys'! aJp .5556
7. Up AiiUJ
5556. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Whoever is kind to you, be kind to
them, and whoever belittles you be kind to yourself [by ignoring him].’ 8
Notes
t.85 /53/78 : jijAijU.
2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 53, no. 85
3.9413 : J>.
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 9413
5. 2 / 322 / 2 : jisbi .
6. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 322, no. 2
7.113/278/78 : jijAi M-
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 278, no. 1 13
204
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1606 -
1606. THE REPREHENSION OF REVENGE
ty ...^T <jAj : i\J& j 5i : ^l.vi .5557
5557. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'It is written in the Torah: O son of
Adam... If you are oppressed with injustice then be content with My help for
you, for My help for you is better than your help for yourself.’ 2
3. £ii;i £* sip s : rsLJi Up ip ps\ .5558
5558. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There is no glory with revenge.' 4
5. yjjl)! Ji pjcJii : fsLJ! Up ^Lp fL.}i .5559
5559. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Hastening to revenge is the greatest of sin.' 6
7 „ jhdt pp : rsLJi aUp yp .5560
5560. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The worst action of an empowered person is
revenge.' 8
Notes
1. 10 / 304 / 2 : jiSU .
2. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 304, no. 10
3. 10518 : raiA.
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 10518
5. 6766 : pSU-i j> .
6. Ibid. no. 6766
7. 3003 : p±\ .
8. Ibid. no. 3003
205
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1607 - Ola; US”
1607. AS YOU GIVE SO SHALL YOU GET
jl-U ^jJj \ SA3' aJip ^Lp .5561
5561. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'As you give so shall you get.' 2
t 1a aJp yp ^L.sh .5562
3 •* I " 0 <
, 4J0o cI^u^-P- 1 O^lP
5562. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who digs a hole for his brother will fall in
it himself, and he who exposes the veils of others, the shames of his own
house will be exposed.' 4
l 'j'j* 1 C^-l t ! ^5LJl aJp .5563
5. Js\ ju^t
5563. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who mocks will be mocked, and whoever
insults will be retorted to. He who sows trees of piety will reap fruits of
goodness.' 6
*i~j jp lyipj 1 \& : fsLJi fL.^1 .5564
\ oijtJ
5564. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Be good to your fathers and your
children will be good to you, and restrain yourselves from other people's
women and your own women will be chaste.’ 8
Notes
1.7208 : r<Ai j>.
2. Ibid. no. 7208
3. 88 ! JA*Jt .
4. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 88
5. 136 / 3 ! 34Jdl ^Jl. iS .
6. Kashf al-Ghummah, v. 3, p. 136
7. 359 ! .
8. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 359
206
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347 -
347. DUTY
1608 - 411 So' 'kLfi
1608. DESCRIPTION OF DIVINE DUTY
j C jUtS"* 4J ij 1 J C *u Aj of i>sIpi : riui Up yp .5565
j.1p V L> 4jUU (3 epLap OljUJlj ^Ul ^v1 4pp kwl is& U—s i
* . UL ily (j
5565. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Know that what you have been commanded
to do is little and its reward is great. Even if there had been no fear of
punishment for revolt and disobedience, which Allah has prohibited, the
reward in refraining from them would be enough [incentive] to abstain from
pursuing them.’ 2
c c (^44 ®-^Up o) ■ ^*AUl Up :^Ip .5566
^laj t Jy2-*-: ^3 c P ^IspIj t iy~~P olEo i. IjyU UUj
cpljUUl c Up ^LUJ uUdl c Ud c
3.4(jldl IjyU jjidJJ IjylS"" .yis lidi) ! *AlU l ■*■ 4 ■■) b>j
5566. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Allah, glory be to Him, ordered His servants
by choice and forbade them by warning. He made duties easy and did not
order hard duties. For a little He gives plenty, He is not defeatingly
disobeyed nor is He obeyed by force. He did not send prophets playfully,
nor did He reveal the Book to creation in amusement. He did not create the
Heavens and the earth in vain: “That is a conjecture of the faithless. So
woe to the faithless for the Fire!” 56
Notes
1. 51 ^usdi : gA .
2. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 51
3.27:^.
4. 78 UU
5. Quran 3827!
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 78
207
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1609 - S?]
1609. ALLAH DOES NOT TASK ANY SOUL
U l^Ipj iAcJ'U li l^j Sll LJj &\ S')
“ Allah does not task any soul beyond its capacity. ” 2
c iiiaS-i i Ju^>- l-j (^*1 !j£- ! aJTj a4p *ii i (_^U^ ah i .5567
oyihJlj c a4p IjJS^vXv.1 L«j l aJI Ijjla ygl L«j c jjJLlaj h/ L«j c *S Laj c
£
Jj jl ijCA) j (A 1 L. -U^bklj 4 jlH-l (3 (3 4
5567. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Nine things have been forgiven to my
community: the mistake, forgetfulness, that which they do not know, that
which they cannot bear, that which they are forced to do, that which they are
compelled to do, the evil omen, [Satan's] insinuations in thinking about [the
origin of] creation, and jealousy that is not manifest on the tongue or the
hand.’ 4
j Sijr1 4 ^0^ jjJu S?l iL*Jl y\ L. ^bLJl a4p 00\ .5568
5568. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Creation was never ordered outside of
their capability, for whatever people were ordered to do they are capable of
doing, and whatever they are not capable of doing does not apply to them.' 6
Notes
1. 286 ! SjiJi .
2. Quran 2286!
3. 2 / 463 / 2 : jl<ji .
4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 463, no. 2
5. 6 / 347 : -v-yJi .
6. al-Tawhid, p. 347, no. 6
208
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348 -
348. SPEAKING
1610 -
1610. THE IMPORTANCE OF SPEAKING
b> <Ull j <j[ , aJ 4dp ^lll ^lll .5569
*- y 0[j . oULIj (J>| 4j ' y^j d Sill A. ^xSsj cpklj L. O' f ^ '; OIS""
oLalj Ij£ aJ Sill cddj L. *dj <jl yisj Old" G Alii la. -'- AOdSlJlj
5569. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'A person speaks something pleasing
Allah, not thinking it will reach anywhere, and Allah writes for it His
satisfaction until the day he meets Him, and a person speaks something that
displeases Allah not thinking it will reach anywhere, and Allah writes for
him His discontentment until the day he meets Him.' 2
3. j -Laji j jjs ysu~)i aJp yp ^L«^n .5570
5570. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Many a word is more effective than an
assault.' 4
5, dlko ij J £rji\ ‘ <3 ■ (**5CJl ^Jp y^- f^V' -5571
5571. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The attraction of a woman is in her face and
the attraction of a man is in his speech.' 6
7 . j* diif yid ii jj ; ^su~Ji 4jp yip .5572
5572. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Many a word is more effective than an
arrow.' 8
? siii yp- Lf ydJi aJp [yp ] yd i Jjjuji .5573
: ju ^ t ^a£ji : ju ? yy sSii yk 0 Syy yi : y^ <, ^*Kji : yLJi Up jisi
\ y>-JJl o^y>l ylSlJljj c ojp-J Jl i * ■ ylSvJli
5573. Tuhaf al-’Uqul: He [Ali] (AS) was asked, 'What is the best thing
that Allah has created?' He (AS) said, 'Speech.' He was then asked, 'What is
the worst thing that Allah has created?' He said, 'Speech.' Then he said,
'With speech faces are whitened [illuminated] and with speech faces are
blackened.' 10
(See also: THE TONGUE 353)
, «jl_^JJl» 353 jlyp (jlij l)
209
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Notes
1.45 /537/3 : .
2. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 3, p. 537, no. 45
3. 394 .
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 394
5.63/293/71 : jU.
6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 71, p. 293, no. 63
7. 5322 : .
8. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 5322
9. 216 ! .
10. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 216
210
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1611 - CSt
1611. WARNING OF OFFENSIVE SPEECH
eiip ‘ ^ l.j iiGi : ^%j\ Up *1p .5574
\ ULp jllij ^LdJl
5574. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Beware of using offensive speech, for it
confines you to vile people and dispels honourable people from you.’ 2
2. cuui jpji i / A g 7- da iitsi i <Jlp yp .5575
5575. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Beware of offensive speech, for it harbours
hatred in the heart.’ 4
5. Usu jir UslTiL. ^ : rSLJ! Up ^Lp .5576
5576. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’He whose speech is bad is blamed more.’ 6
7. csKji :Ji t\h &, ; r*>LJi up ^lp fi.^1 .5577
5577. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The habit of the vile is vulgar speech.’ 8
Notes
1. 2722 ! jji- .
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2722
3. 2675 ! (UU-i Jjrp .
4. Ibid. no. 2675
5. 8496 : j> .
6. Ibid. no. 8496
7. 5551 : ,UU-t j> .
8. Ibid. no. 5551
211
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1612 - j* ^ u ^Js- AdJ-i
1612. Encouragement of Refraining from
h Ay*) h! Uy AS"" 4J3 Ah ^v> , aJTj Up Aill (_s^? Aih Jj-yi i5578
5578. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'An intelligent man lessens his speech
in things that do not concern him.' 2
2 , Ay*) S Lo_y DbAS"" 1 lyyS ^.LJl 1 , aITj aJp <Uil ^ d >5579
5579. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The people with the most sins are
those who speak the most about things that do not concern them.’ 4
Ay o^Svj <j[ : dTj aJp awi .5580
L-LcU L*jl LyCa .ipLlh AaJSsJL) C ^1 ' C
5580. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'A person comes so close to Heaven
until there remains only a spear's throw between it and him, and then he says
something, thereby distancing him farther away than Sinai.’ 6
, kiJj) ! - »; J Ay y> \, J. - aJp ^Js- ^L>Y .5581
2, LLo d hf La Lly*) Lc t Ad) LLS"" j LLA >- ^Jip
5581. Imam Ali (AS), walking past a person speaking meddlesomely,
said, 'You dictate to your two angels the book inscribed for your Lord, so
speak about issues that concern you and leave whatever does not concern
you.' 8
also Sj slA j ms y Lx ^ jii : rsLJi up yp .5582
9. si^-i j s>t
5582. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'It surprises me that someone should speak
about things that neither benefit him in this world, nor will any reward be
written for him in the Hereafter.’ 10
", OidT 5 j&lj iiGl ; fsLJl aLp ^Lp (iLDJ I .5583
5583. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Beware of prattle, for he who speaks a lot
will have a lot of sins.' 12
Uy*) h! Ly h! . ” ^Lp aJp jjwAl ^L*hH .5584
A \jt*^ y> Ay 2Ay*) 2L1p iULU
5584. Imam Husayn (AS) said to Ibn Abbas, 'Do not speak about things
that do not concern you, for I fear for you the burden [of sin], and do not
speak about things that concern you until you find speaking to be
appropriate.' 14
Notes
1.28/55 /2 : j^\ M.
2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 2, p. 55, no. 28
212
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3.51 / 540/3 :
4. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 3, p. 540, no. 5 1
5. 46 / 537 / 3 : .
6. Ibid. v. 3, p. 537, no. 46
7. 53 / 85 ! lij-uaJ .
8. Amali al-Saduq, p. 37, no. 4
9. 6283 : <£J-\ j> .
10. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 6283
11. 2637 : jj- .
12. Ibid. no. 2637
13. 10/ 127/78 : M.
14. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 127, no. 10
213
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1613 - J
1613. THE CENSURE OF MEDDLESOME SPEECH
L» ■ r*5,'3sj' (Jj) ./? iiCI ! ^L^Jl aJp "5585
l* dJ^i-tpi 2XJp 1 il^2^
5585. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Beware of meddlesome speech, for it exposes
your faults that were hidden and provokes your enemies who were silent.' 2
t <JL« jjjjf ... j,jb ; 4*1 p yp .5586
all
5586. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Blessed be he who... donates the excess from
his money, and retains the excess in his speech.' 4
5. fkz s : ^slji 4dp .5587
5587. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The knowledgeable one does not speak
meddlesomely.' 6
Notes
1. 2720 : j> .
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2720
3. 123 ! O-') Ul gi .
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 123
5.1850/551 \j\yH\ sisCj^.
6. Mishkat al- Anwar, p. 551, no. 1850
214
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1614 -
1614. THE PROHIBITION OF SPEAKING
yt - ^SLJ! Up paU .5588
j-LiUUl ^-LJj c 5.LU*j! uy^ j^lUl <1U c j^lUL
5588. Prophet Khidr (AS), in his advice to Prophet Moses (AS) said, ’Do
not be talkative and a prattler in speaking, for excessive speech disgraces the
knowledgeable and shows up the faults of the foolish.’ 2
o ju ‘ aSii p^ yju *y ! aJTj up Aiii ^ <5589
, dUdl awI y* ^LJl 0) c Adi op~£ .ml P's
5589. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Do not speak a lot without the
remembrance of Allah, for excessive speech without the remembrance of
Allah hardens the heart. The farthest of people away from Allah are the
hard-hearted.’ 4
5. jlii £pyjj pp j£j % t £&\ vp 3 iki :riui Up yp .5590
5590. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Beware of speaking too much, for it increases
mistakes and engenders boredom.’ 6
7. p&\ 'f lii : fsLJi Up yp .5591
5591. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’When the intellect is perfected speaking
decreases.’ 8
4j cpUSsj ISls t 4j ^ L* (3 ■ ^SUJl Up ^1p .5592
cUU-y asj6 cUU aUY <. 2UU 3^- LU UjLU c aSIjJ 3
5592. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Your speech is in your shackle [power] as
long as you do not speak, and when you speak you become shackled by it.
So, guard your tongue like you guard your gold and silver, for many a word
snatches away a blessing and brings down vengeance.’ 10
lpPs\ lilj l dJPils USOb UUSsj !i! ! ^PJ\ Up ^Js- .5593
n.
5593. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'If you speak a word it possesses you and if
you withhold it you possess it.’ 12
<uocj la Y Asp' p Up y Asp' ji p- p i ^suji aJp p p .5594
13
5594. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’He who knows that his words form part of his
actions, his words lessen except in that which concerns him.’ 14
215
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t fit L. ■y J? 4 jtLJ ■y L. ^15 ■y : r1Ul Up ^Lp fL-Vl .5595
4^aiu]i didp 14 i^id" ^Lp dd
5595. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Do not say what you do not know, or rather,
do not say everything you know, for Allah prescribed obligations upon your
body parts which He will use as proof against you on the Day of
Resurrection .' 16
17. ^ { iid iLfi i a4p ^p .5596
5596. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Speech is like medicine; a little bit of it
benefits, and a lot of it kills.' 18
t <. ^ jiA j6 p&\ : (.slji Adp ^p .5597
19. ^p j*asV'j ‘
5597. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’[Balanced] Speech is between two attributes
of badness, which are: excessive and too little [speech]; too much is prattle
and too little is stammering and hesitation.’ 20
Jb SUli JA^I jLd jLdd ol SjS'Sf £1 ^SLJl a4p jiUl ^LAll .5598
, aIap ^1p SU2I3 Up lM .yf ^ Ud" c a^Jp jlUd
5598. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, I hate for the size of a person's tongue to
exceed his knowledge, just as I hate the extent of a person's knowledge to
exceed the extent of his intellect.' 22
23. a)LJ : (.slji aU {f>a i .5599
5599. Imam al-Hadi (AS) said, 'The ignorant person is the prisoner of his
own tongue.' 24
(See also: SILENCE 241)
Notes
1.44176 : Judi yd.
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 44176
3. 1 / 3 : JiAi .
4. Amali al-Tusi, p. 3, no. 1
5. 2680 : r<di .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2680
7. 7 1 aUj-i japsui 0® .
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 71
9. 381 sUJ-i : apsui .
10. Ibid. Saying 381
n.4084 : j>.
12. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4084
, ^ ■ a i » 241 o[^ap (jUi)
216
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13. 349 uiUi : 2L£.*>ui .
14. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 349
15. 382
16. Ibid. Saying 382
17.2182 j>.
18. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2182
19. 1854 \^J-\ .
20. Ibid. no. 1854
21.92/7 : ^ -j ,
22. Sharh Nahj al-Balagha li Ibn Abi al-Hadid, v. 7, p. 92
23. 41 : SydJl SjjJl .
24. al-Durra al-Bahira, p. 41
217
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1615 - OjSCLh Js- Jwas
1615. THE MERIT OF SPEAKING OVER SILENCE
*jS- jib Jj-aJl ! aJp P ^LSll .5600
5600. Imam Ali (AS) said, Telling the truth is better than being incapable
of speaking or being silent.' 2
? ^p»it L4if ls\3 o. rsLJi aLp ji-obdi jjj fiAli .5601
^ ^pal 0^1 ^ LlC. LU 4 OUT L4^ -bLj : ^SLJl aLp jlii
. cia
s.LJSfl LLj L j^-jJp Hi jS' ! JlS ? Aiil b dlli
Aiil ajAj cLpji^.1 Sfj cOjSlUj -cil a g -») Lcl t ca^SclSIj
'' , aIS' 24A ti c ca^5clJIj jUl cLijj c CA^SieeJlj
5601. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS), when asked about which of speaking
or silence was better, said, ’For each of these two there are harms, and when
they are both safe from harm, speaking is better than keeping quiet.’ They
asked him, ’How is this so, O son of the Prophet (SAW A)?’ He said,
’Because Allah Almighty did not send prophets and successors to remain
quiet, rather He sent them with speech, nor is Heaven earned by silence, nor
is quietness obligated for the vicegerency of Allah, and nor is protection
from Hell sought through silence. This is all possible through speech.’ 4
t 'JirJ I Lgjt : - islf Jlij J JrJ - f%Ji\ aJp jSLJl .5602
Sj L^jLj LgLtj Aiij CujL i ^|l>-jijp Ll oi ^I-Lp]. ! ^ *j*-,
oiDiJ) aIL- jpj^>- Aii! bJ^P bhj ^ Lgljij jijj C A^i23
5. aJp
5602. Imam al-Baqir (AS), addressing a man who talked too much, said:
’O man, you underestimate and belittle speech! Know that when Allah the
Glorious and Exalted sent His prophets He did not send them with gold and
silver but with speech. God, the Exalted, presented Himself to His creatures
through speech, reaons and sings'. 6
Notes
1. 1462 : pSG-i j> .
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1462
3.1 /274/71 : jijAijW.
4. Bihar at- Anwar, v. 71, p. 274, no. 1
5. 128 / 148 / 8 : .
6. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 148, no. 128
218
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1616 - OjSCLll u
1616. THE MERIT OF SILENCE OVER SPEAKING
t 3a- , aJTj Adp aui |_jU^ ail .5603
*, 3^“
5603. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Silence is better than dictatinig the
vice (to the angels responsible for recording our deeds) and dictating good
deeds is better than silence.' 2
jlU iiyUd ^ ^ jlijil dlUSQ (LU* : flUl a4p ^p fL.}l .5604
3
5604. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Silence that brings you dignity is better than
speech which causes disdain." 4
0^0.1 diud (jiaj 3j=p ‘L.suji UdLd ! ^suji aJp .5605
5
5605. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Silence that brings you good health is better
than speech which causes you blame.' 6
^ 3^ isi^i isyud :Lu> : fiu Up ^p .5606
7. iiioSJi
5606. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Silence that puts the garment of dignity on
you is better than words that brings you remorse.' 8
9. ja 3^ yjL i : ^slji aU ^Lp .5607
5607. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Being dumb is better than telling lies.' 10
n. J&\ ja 3jA : fsLJi aU ^Lp .5608
5608. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Inability to speak is better than talking
nonsense.' 12
Notes
1.64/294/71 : j\/i\ j* .
2. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 71, p. 294, no. 64
3. 5867 : j> .
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 5867
5. 5865 : .
6. Ibid. no. 5865
7. 5866 : jdUt j> .
8. Ibid. no. 5866
9. 283 : ,dd-i j> .
10. Ibid. no. 283
11. 1266 : jdUi .
219
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12. Ibid. no. 1266
220
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1617 -
1617. THE BEST OF SPEECH
4)1 ftS' !4Tj <Jlp 4)1 4)1 Jj— j .5609
5609. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’The best of speech is the speech of
Allah.’ 2
is*! sfj iiyyi ^ i. :rbLJi Up *Jip .5610
3.
5610. Imam Ali (AS) said, The best of speech is that which is not thrown
out by the ears, nor is its understanding tiring for people.’ 4
u z iju 4^1 : ^bLJi Up *1p .5611
5. fUlj
5611. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The best of speech is that which is adorned
by a good structure, and is understood by both the elite and the laymen.’ 6
7. jis Sj *y l» aJp ■yp .5612
5612. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The best of speech is that which neither bores
[due to its length] and nor is it too brief.’ 8
Notes
1. 58 / 3 ! .
2. Sunan al-Nasa'i, v. 3, p. 58
3. 3371 : (UU-i jj- .
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 337 1
5. 3304 : pSU-i jyt .
6. Ibid. no. 3304
7. 4969 : (UU-t j> .
8. Ibid. no. 4979
221
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1618 -
1618. THE MERIT OF KIND SPEECH
*. 444?)
“ And speak kindly to people. ” 2
01 U.ii Ji jl ^ ^ •. O Ql J' 0| IjjjJlj (_£^Lod ^4?)
tj.
JoP
“Tell My servants to speak in a manner which is the best. Indeed Satan
incites ill feeling between them, and Satan is indeed man's manifest
enemy. ” 4
! ■ ^(uu>- ^uj 44 <Sy <J ■ A-it- jslsi >5613
^ (J 0 i 0 yf- U 1 ^Uj I f y2
5613. Imam al-Baqir (AS), with regard to Allah's verse: “And speak
kindly to people” said, 'Say to people the best of what you like to be said to
you.' 7
»L*is| , - J WfA (JU2U ^jS- f-j aJLO (J. " aJTj aJp Aill *4 .5614
4 iOjLI b\j t^btLjl
5614. The Prophet (SAW A), When a man asked him about the best of
actions, said, ’The feeding of food and speaking well.’ 9
t Jj$! ‘ JO-1 l£j& ,j4UU Jj-451 ■ aOp jj-bLdl ^y_j .5615
10. UiU t J>i 4-4^ (j ‘ LJ
5615. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, ’Beautiful speech makes wealth
thrive, increases sustenance, delays death, brings love in the family, and
makes one enter Heaven.’ 11
Lulp LjJ hJ yS~ L Ajtgtjl >iW> : rWJl Up ialiaJl fivyi .5616
J \-&y Ufa i ' y]z2JL>-\y c ^>ldJ ^ 4A
5616. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’O followers (Shia) of ours, be an
adornment for us and do not be a disgrace to us. Speak well to people,
protect your tongues, and prevent it from futile and vulgar speech.’ 13
Notes
1. 83 ! S^aJl .
2. Quran 283 !
3.53 : A-Si.
4. Quran 1753!
5. 83 ! ojA\ .
6. 10 / 165 / 2 : jiAii .
222
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7. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 165, no. 10
8.12/312/71 : jijrtijw.
9. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 71, p. 312, no. 12
10. 1 / 49 : juSii .
11. Amali al-Saduq, p. 12, no. 1
12. 657 / 484 : juSli .
13. Ibid. p. 327, no. 17
223
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349 - JU&i
349. PERFECTION
1619 - Juf
1619. PERFECTION OF MAN
\ jlil iJLJflj y*bU 4 JuiOl iJUflj y»UJ! : yLJl Up yp ^L-Nt .5617
5617. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The intelligent person seeks perfection and
the ignorant person seeks possession.' 2
J OjLjpCAiU Alb23 (JUS"" , rSLJl Up yp flA/l .5618
-} p i,
3.
5618. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'In the perfection of the human being, the
existence of his merit lies in his own feeling of inadequacy.' 4
5. Syu gin j jusOi : yLJi aUp yp fiyi .5619
5619. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Perfection in this world does not exist.' 6
t 4ygsy l ; jl^p- j |A^Ji jus" i aJp yp .5620
LSIj t jLJj jjy t JjIS Jjli j) c ajLUj a/JJL} oJiv4 Li Is i aULaj
3. aJL£^-j aJUs oLLLa Lilj t ax^j aIHU a\JS~\
5620. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The perfection of a man lies in six features: in
two of his smallest [features], in two of his largest [features], and in two of
his apparent [features]. As for two of his smallest [features] - his heart and
his tongue - when he fights he fights with his heart and when he speaks he
speaks with his tongue. Two of his largest [features] are his intellect and his
determination, and his two apparent [features] are his wealth and his beauty.'
8
9. y&i jiuy jur : yiui Up yp .5621
5621. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The perfection of the human being is the
intellect.' 10
n. <> •y l. it? yi Jur^ : yiui Up yp fiy i .5622
5622. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'of the perfection of a person is that he leaves
what is not appropriate for him.' 12
y»5q ... JsjLUj piyii pyj pbAi \ yuji yp yp- »L*y .5623
13 „ iiuji gu
5623. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Clothe yourself with shyness and armour
yourself with loyalty; protect brotherhood...., and your eminence will be
perfected.' 14
224
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Js> >jiA5 1 jil]\ j dixii juiOi : ^ jsui .5624
Jj-LaJj c aJjLJI
5624. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Perfection, all of perfection is education
in religion, patience over misfortunes, and apportioning one's livelihood.' 1
c ; '^L»\s' jisf Ju^>- o'/j ! aAp <5625
5625. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'There are three features that whoever is
blessed with is perfect: intellect, beauty and eloquence.' 18
Notes
1.579 : j> .
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 579
3. 9442 : r<Ai .
4. Ibid. no. 9442
5. 331 jA .
6. Ibid. no. 331
7. 1 / 150 : .
8. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 150, no. 1
9. 7244 : ^J-\ J> .
10. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 7244
11. 292 : jjjJ' fsuf .
12. Alam al-Din, p. 292
13. 4536 : pAJ-l .
14. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4536
15.3/ 172/78 : ^ M.
16. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 172, no. 3
17. 320 : .
18. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 320
225
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350 -
350. SAGACITY
1620 -
1620. THE SIGN OF SAGACITY
l *xxj u ou ^ j ^U-p ^ .5626
'. tj>y^ ^ l lPj ^'yy £-?' ,>* j=r'-^b
5626. The Prophet (SAW A) said, ’The sagacious person is someone who
subjugates himself and acts for that which comes after death.’ 2
\ , ~ \ ^a , ^j**-*’ “ d lj aAp cjy^j .5627
5627. The Prophet (SAWA), when asked, ’Who is the most sagacious of
believers?’ replied, ’Those who remember death the most, and are the most
prepared for it.’ 4
Jpdki t ^jUS”) ■ ^[} ^dp ^ (Jj— ’j *5628
5
5628. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’The highest level of sagacity is piety
and the lowest level of stupidity is immorality.’ 6
lj ^j^p^ 4^vj2 j . *—>.*> i_>- 1 , d aAp .uii (jru? dxi .5629
2. <U)I i_s^p eS^J LaIjJi ^L<>p kl JjlAlj t .2*)
5629. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’The most sagacious of the sagacious is
he who takes account of himself and works for the Hereafter, and the
stupidest of the stupid is he who allows himself to follow his desires and
entertains false expectations from Allah.’ 8
, 4J Up 1 tj UUJ 3)P y> \ aJp ^Ip .5630
5630. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The sagacious one is he who knows himself
and purifies his actions.’ 10
^JJlPj c ^jA f fc>- ^AjJ ^jA : rsLJi Up ^Lp ^ \ .5631
11 _ •. ,
■
5631. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The sagacious one is he whose today is better
than his yesterday, and locks away blame from himself.’ 12
cja sly : - ^,131 ^ f jp jii. a - rsLJi aUp .5632
13. oJAj Jl JUi Up-
5632. Imam Ali (AS), when asked about the most sagacious of people,
said, ’[It is] he who has insight into what is [conducive to] his growth from
his erring, and inclines towards his growth.’ 14
226
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15 . Up fi-vi .5633
5633. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The most sagacious from among you is the
most pious of you.' 1
Notes
1. 2661 / 368 / 2 : jsu-Sh .
2. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 2, p. 368, no. 2661
3. 21 1 / 78 ! -Ujll .
4. al-Zuhd li al-Husayn b. Said, p. 78, no. 211
5.8/115/77 : jijrtijU.
6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77, p. 1 15, no. 8
7.250/92 : ji*.
8. Ibid. p. 92, no. 250
9. 1139 : ^j>.
10. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1139
11. 1797 :
12. Ibid. no. 1797
13. 1 / 378/ 77 : y.Ai
14. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77, p. 378, no. 1
15. 2839 : r<u .
16. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2839
227
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351 -
351. CLOTHING
1621 -
1621. RECOMMENDED CLOTHES
a! Ij Ad_P A^ ^ A\i 1
.5634
5634. The Prophet (SAW A) said, The best garment in which you will
meet Allah the Exalted in your graves and in the mosque is white cloth.' 2
a^s c Ajl$ £ ^LJl , a] 1 9j aTp a^I aNI >5635
3. r*v
5635. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Wear white, for it is nicer and purer,
and shroud your dead with it.' 4
Jl* iii j yj.j iiu 5 jail i oij ij-Ji : .5636
LALJ l dlj 4Ap dXl
5636. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Wear clothes of cotton, for it is the clothing
of the Prophet (SAWA) and our clothing.' 6
7 . c jLjSfi ^ : rWJi jp .5637
5637. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Linen is of the clothes of the Prophets,
and makes one's flesh grow.' 8
.899 <_jb ■ (j^h)
(See also: ADORNMENT: section 899)
Notes
1. 3 / 88 / 3 : s-JyJi .
2. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 3, p. 88, no. 3
3. 2 / 445 / 6 : jl<ji .
4. al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 445, no. 2
5. 4 / 446 / 6 : jisdt .
6. Ibid. v. 6, p. 450, no. 2
7. 1 / 449 / 6 : jisdi .
8. Ibid. v. 6, p. 449, no. 1
228
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1622 - J SusMi
1622. ECONOMIZING IN CLOTHES
i—jLili a Si [aJTj Aiii .5638
iU^csIj eJJi ij^j jIjlIo c Laj^sj lijisj t 1 ^ ;.jj t 1 g k 1 c-j
5638. Kanz al-Ummal: 'He [the Prophet (SAW A)] prohibited clothes that
express notoriety (shuhra), both thin and thick, soft and rough, long and
short. It should be something appropriate between these two and
economical.' 2
\sufi j - aJp yp .5639
3. iUlNjl
5639. Imam Ali (AS) -describing the pious- said, 'Their speech is
truthfulness and they dress economically.' 4
j iy>-j l -Cp ajL42j <U)I (Jih ■ aJp .5640
3, 1_Lv2J l_c*2i (jAS^Li 01 j»ji
5640. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Wealth belongs to Allah, and He
entrusts it to man as a deposit. He permitted them to eat economically and
dress economically.' 6
.1074 s-A ! (jiil)
(See also: FAME: section 1074)
Notes
1.41172 : Judies'.
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 41172
3. 193 sJai-i ; &yj\ .
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 193
5. 17/304/79 : jijrti m.
6. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 79, p. 304, no. 17
229
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1623 - ZM 1$ yM ’jr
1623. THE BEST CLOTHING IN EVERY TIME
, 4J Jli 4^1 p aX'-Cp -Up \ jSp\j>- sisS* , ili- .5641
j-dJu c A-ib ol^*" fiLJ\ 4^1 p ^Lp O' t 4^1 JJa-Ja?'
|j^-l JJJp i£yj c JJJi 4OO' ^_a'jS 4j^jlj
t j£o A OL»j (J eJJi ^-db OIT ^A—J' aJp i_Jlis j) ^ (*s1p j) I 4J jLai | jli
^li li[ luili O' jS- (. 4b&' J^>LJ OO^j JY" c 4j ^bl dJli jit« yj
. 4 jj^vj ^l— 4-Lp j Jp ^p.bj
5641. Hammad b. Uthman narrated, 1 was in the presence of Abu
Abdillah [al-Sadiq] (AS), when a man said to him, ’May Allah make you
well, you mentioned that Ali b. Abu Talib (AS) would wear rough clothes
and would wear a shirt that was worth four dirhams, and things similar to
that, but we see you are wearing good clothes!’ [He said], ’The Imam replied
to him, ’Ali b. Abu Talib (AS) wore that in a time in which it would not be
disapproved, and if he would wear those clothes today he would be defamed
for it. Therefore, the best clothing of every time is the clothing of the people
[of that time]. However, when our al-Qa?im [the awaited saviour Imam al-
Mahdi, may Allah hasten his appearance] reappears he will be wearing the
clothes of Ali (AS) and will follow his way of life.’ 2
pi/ Jr! p" cxJ' . ^bb~Jl aJp aX'-Lp ^jA c—U , jbiA .5642
j[ ! Ab^y ! jli ! ij~lj pxJ'j c ol5"" aJp i_Jlis
44 Jjt 0U.JJ' jj/u k-XJ' lib c O'-*] (3 ^bb-Jl aAp *. 3l_L^ (j) ^JlP
3
5642. Sufyan al-Thawri narrated, ’I asked Abu Abdillah [al-Sadiq] (AS),
’You narrate that Ali b. Abu Talib (AS) wore rough clothes whilst you wear
soft and fine clothes!’ He (AS) said, ’Woe unto you! Ali b. Abu Talib (AS)
lived in a time of difficulty, so if it is a time of ampleness the righteous
deserve it more.’ 4
(_jip ( j' cyt j[*' p*! ■ 4 As ^l*A' .5643
JJJi Objl' J»<LAxj c -^ALS'
5643. Imam al-Rida (AS) said, ’The weak from among my followers
want me to sit on wool and wear rough clothes, but this era cannot handle
that.’ 6
(jj t jy^2s>- ^ip Lp/a Ji j aJp \y>p\ j^jiA jir ; jLp ' .5644
^IdJ jjj li[ $ *— jLA' AAjdl aA-Jj <J ^Jp ^.IxJtj'
230
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5644. Abu 'Abbad narrated, 'al-Rida (AS) would sit on a straw mat in the
summer, and on sackcloth in the winter. He wore rough, thick clothes, and
when he appeared in front of people he would adorn himself for them.' 9
Notes
1.15/444/6: jisdi.
2. al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 444, no. 15
3.642/218 / 1 :
4. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 1, p. 220, no. 648
5. 648 / 220 / 1 : rjisC. .
6. Ibid. v. 1, p. 218, no. 642
7. 596 / 2 : vyJi jU) _^i\ ^ *.i — sCh : ^J.i) .
8. 1 / 178 / 2 : ujii jLi-t bys. .
9.'Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (AS), v. 2, p. 178, no. 1
231
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1624 - UU*h
1624. THE TURBAN
juu \ aJTj up aui J .5645
5645. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Turbans are the crowns of the Arabs.'
^jLAJ! <jU l ^ ^ * A lyl ■ Uj Up U <4)1 .5646
2
3
j)L>U
5646. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Go to mosques without armour and
with your heads covered, for the turbans are the crowns of the Muslims.' 4
4lp ^ A^_a ^lp d h 4Ap 4lil 4lil A* ij) ■ jJ L>- .5647
5 ,, .
5647. Jabir narrated, 'The Messenger of Allah (SAWA) entered Makkah
in the year of the Conquest wearing a black turban.' 6
IIp dTj Up ,&! &\ J y*j Ui : f%Js\ Up .5648
Jo I ; Jli jP jji UL>- L*y^2jj 4j3j u) . ol ^SUJl
aSsjSO-I jL>U lu^L* ; JU jP j)U ! JU jP tjoU
5648. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The Messenger of Allah (SAWA) attired
Ali (AS) with a turban with his own hands. The Prophet (SAWA) lowered
the turban down from the front and shortened it from the back the breadth of
four fingers, then he said, 'Turn around', and he did so, then he said, 'Turn to
the front' so he did, then the Prophet (SAWA) said, 'This is how the crowns
of the angels are.' 8
Notes
1. 41 132 : Jiui yS' i 5 1 461 / 6 : jisdi .
2. al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 461, no. 5
3.41143 : JIUI >r .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 41143
5.4076/54/4 : .
6. Sunan Abi Dawud, no. 4076
7. 4 / 461 / 6 : jU)i .
8. al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 461, no. 4
232
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1625 -
1625. PROHIBITED CLOTHING
(_s^ ! ATj <dp ill L?U? aS)I Jy~-j .5649
'■
5649. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Clothings of silk and gold are
forbidden for the males of my community and have been permitted for the
females.' 2
iill Jas. j ji oljd aj Ljj ■ dTj aTp Aill .5650
3. Jl
5650. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever wears clothes to show off so
other people will look at him, Allah will not look at him until he takes it off.'
4
A <— ij 7) (j*dlj *y ! 4-it- JAUAJl ^L»5H .5651
5651. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A man must not wear silk and brocade
except in war.' 6
.1073 <— A !
(See also: FAME: section 1073)
Notes
1.41210 : Judi yS".
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 41210
3.41203 : ju-Jt >r.
4. Ibid. no. 41203
5. 1 / 453 / 6 : JL<JI .
6. al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 453, no. 1
233
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352 - i
352. STUBBORNNESS
1626 - j»i
1626. REPROACHING STUBBORNNESS
Uvp-Tj iXji od $ .liid : Adp ami ij^> ami .5652
1
5652. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Beware of obstinacy; it begins with
ignorance and ends with regret. 2
3. : rbLJi aJp fjs. fi.y\ .5653
5653. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Obstinacy unsheathes opinion.’ 4
5. csh ^ : fbLJi Adp ^Lp fL.)ii .5654
5654. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A stubborn person does not have a [valid]
opinion.' 6
2. jy-d (j*d , j»sddi aJp ^Lp .5655
5655. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A stubborn person does not contemplate.' 8
djjJdii jpjij OjijaLi ^d>di ■ j*sddi aJp ^Lp .5656
5656. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Stubbornness creates wars and brings hatred
to the hearts.' 10
£-L>dJl dka dd> £cd2J 01 lid] ■ j*bddl 'dp yp .5657
5657. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Beware that you are not overcome by [the
mount of] stubbornness.' 12
13. ^uJJi dd of iJGi : fbdJi Adp yp .5658
5658. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Beware of being surmounted by
stubbornness.' 14
£cAj ^L>djl j_dd \ j»bddl Adp ^Jlp .5659
5659. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Be cautious of stubbornness and you will be
safe from its mishaps.' 16
' d Aj>-b>dJi jijo d~Ad A_**dd ij i . j»sddi aJp ^Lp .5660
5660. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Excessiveness in blaming [others] ignites the
fires of stubbornness.' 18
19. ^udii jp uA^t jk- : Adp ^Lp fL.’jh .5661
5661. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The best of morals are those that are the
farthest away from stubbornness.' 20
a4 Jlp &\ 01 } ^ ^ Adp ^Ip .5662
21
P >
234
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5662. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who is stubborn and persistent is the
degenerate one whose heart Allah has prevailed over with rust, and the axis
of evil hangs over his head.' 22
u s c \j>\y iiij) ■ aAp ^ip *5663
13) L^up jl t curjSuj IS) jl c -Up - jail .- A j
23
yA j
5663. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Beware of hastening matters before their
time, or of breaking down when their time is right, or of stubbornness when
they are estranged, or of weakness from them when they become clear. So,
i i 24
put every matter m its appropriate place.
Notes
1.14 . .
2. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 14
3. 179 uckj-i : apUJi .
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 179
5.887 : (AA-i j> .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 887
7. 7478 : r<Ai .
8. Ibid. no. 7478
9.1718 : ^j>.
10. Ibid. no. 1718
11. 1 / 208/ 77 :
12. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77, p. 208, no. 1
13. 31 : ^sui y .
14. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 31
15. 68 / 10/78 : jW.
16. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 10, no. 68
17. 1 / 212/ 77 : jijiSli jU.
18. Ibid. v. 77, p. 212, no. 1
19. 4975 : r<^ .
20. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4975
21. 58 y .
22. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 58
23. 53 . apSLJ' •
24. Ibid. Letter 53
235
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353 - Ot~U'
353. THE TONGUE
1627 - o' — UJ ' .’w-0
1627. THE VALUE OF THE TONGUE
. oluj' j JiuU : uij <Jl p aSii aSii .5664
5664. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Beauty is in the tongue.’ 2
3. jiii jLAJi Uyl : aJTj aJp iii Jj— j .5665
5665. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Eloquence of the tongue is a person's
capital.’ 4
5. olosI! hy* oljJ' : Up .5666
5666. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The tongue is a human's scale.' 6
7, a!o iiapj t ULJ UJ OLjY ! ^»SLJI aUp ^Js- .5667
5667. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The core of a human is his tongue and his
intellect is his religion.' 8
9. ajU uJ lyJ- ij.\ 5u t Uyj Up *1* .5668
5668. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Speak and you will be known, for a person is
hidden under his tongue.' 10
n. uiiip 5i *■) ul-lj : fsLJi Up .5669
5669. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Your tongue is the interpreter of your
intellect.' 12
.1612 vL> ■ (jiul)
(See also: SPEAKING: section 1612)
Notes
1. 37 ! .
2. Tuhaf al-Uqul, no. 37
3. 631 /247 : ^ .
4. Jami al-Akhbar, p. 247, no. 631
5. 1282 : .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1282
7. 119/56/78 : jijAiji*.
8. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 78, p. 56, no. 1 19
9. 392 sUU-l \ apSUI .
10. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 392
n.2/231 /77 : )yH\ j*.
12. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77, p. 231, no. 2
236
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237
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1628 - OLUJl Jii?- (J
1628. THE SAFETY OF A PERSON LIES
ouuji Jaj ^ ou*uy usu. , aJ yp aU y-*^ aU 3^.^ .5670
5670. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'The safety of a person lies in guarding
his tongue.' 2
JjiSij LgiS' U ots y ' yUU li) , 4J Tj aJp .Uil y»*2 ^ .5671
x ✓ < «** s 6 * s'*
c*^U-jpI 0)j t U.»-a-x~. 1 c.. ^ <? ?.h Ols -dT; Ad- Lcls Us Uil Jjh ! (Jyhs c OUUJl
U U>*Ujpl
5671. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'When a person wakes up in the
morning his body parts will plead to the tongue, saying, ’Fear Allah for us,
as we depend on you; if you are steadfast we are steadfast, and if you are
crooked we are crooked.’ 4
^ , 4jL~j yy (jc>- ^s~\ sf , dTj aUp awi y.*^ aU 3 ysj .5672
5672. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’No person will be safe from sins until
he guards his tongue.' 6
^.ajUU 'h ad 1 U , aJTj aUp aU y-*2 aU .5673
5673. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'He who does not guard his tongue has
not performed any actions.' 8
9. olJji ja isb :dTj aJs- J5i\ &\ j ysj .5674
5674. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The calamity of a person is from his
own tongue.' 10
. ^ip ia \ A) < ^ dT3 uu ■ a) aUp awi : awi ^ .5675
n. dAyj
5675. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Hold your tongue, for it is a charity
that you donate to yourself.' 12
' ■' . aj jji- iiii yxd ula j id?- ; ^saui aUp yp .5676
5676. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Allah will conceal the faults of he who
guards his tongue.' 14
15. jidJi v_jp» iit diJji : yLJi Up yu. yvy .5677
5677. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The strike of a tongue is harsher than the
assault of an arrowhead.' 16
11 . yp Up Jj~ 01 1 yu iuyi : fSLJ! Up yip yyi .5678
5678. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The tongue is a wild beast, if it is left alone it
will slay.' 18
l2, jLUJi ^ja ^xdJi jpu (j* l* ! ^suui aJp yp .5679
5679. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There is nothing that deserves long
20
imprisonment more than the tongue.'
238
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:aJTj ajIp Jlii ju<» Ai jj-j jis jiiJ : rsLJi Up yp ^iah .5680
0 ■ ' lo . . „ I ^ * y**^ QmmJ ^ 4^3 ^-ol^^vO ^ 4^3 -, .4.... _ ^ — w\^P Ijd
t jv^^l^pl ^4 jL~iJl ji-U c (jyd~4l f.Lo 4j-I^Jl (J.L*4 4S1I (_s^
21
,1}*^
5680. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The Prophet (SAWA) has said, ’The faith of a
worshipper will not be upright until his heart is upright, and his heart will
not be upright until his tongue is upright.’ So, whoever from among you is
able to meet his Lord being pure at ease from the blood and property of
Muslims and their money, and his tongue free from their honour, then they
99
should do so.’
4jL»j s.fij jp^-sh aJjj t 4U jfij jlj ; 4J p yp- iLa'yi .5681
23
5681. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The tongue of an intelligent man is behind his
24
heart and the heart of a fool is behind his tongue.’
c jrA? 44" ofUJi 1-La 0) : ^uip jitJi .5682
, 4 v . h j 3 4^J& 2 ^lp LA; 4j L~J ^lp pA: 4 ■
5682. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’This tongue is the key to all good and
evil, so a believer must seal his tongue like he seals his gold and silver.’ 26
Notes
I. 42/286/71 : yyS \ja.
2. Ibid. v. 71, p. 286, no. 42
3. 2407 / 605 / 4 : .
4. Sahih al-Tirmidhi, no. 2407
5. 298 ! J_jU' ■
6. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 298
7. 3 / 85 / 77 : ^ M ■
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77, p. 85, no. 3
9.42/286/71 : yy^u.
10. Ibid. v. 71, p. 286, no. 42
II. 7/ 114/2 : jisdi.
12. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 114, no. 7
13.36/283/71 : yySijA.
14. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 71. p. 283, no. 36
15.42/286/71 : yr7i
16. Ibid. v. 71, p. 286, no. 42
17. 60U2J-I iipbUl jA .
18. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 60
19. 11 /277/71 :
239
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20. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 7 1 , p. 277, no. 1 1
21. 176 iJajJ-i : ipsui .
22. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 176
23. 40 iXu : .
24. Ibid. Saying 40
25. 29 8 : JyuJi .
26. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 298
240
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354 -
354. VAIN TALK
1629 - > h\
1629. Vain Talk
(44^ o* f-* 4-4'j)
“Who avoid vain talk. ” 2
3, bp* yUJb bp* li|3 jyjh jjjjJlj)
“Those who do not give false testimony, and when they come upon vain
talk, pass by nobly. ” 4
.35 ! iuiy 45 ! 6 ! jiuiiy 55 ! 62 ! (Cj* (4^')
(See also: Qur'an 19:62, 28:55, 41:6, 74:45, 78:35)
2 , v l. 4/ Ijjls l pi , 4J4 aJp .5683
5683. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'The worthiest person is he who leaves
whatever does not concern him.' 6
7. jTi aj 4 Jjl ^ : fsui Up ^p ^l-vi .5684
5684. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Any talk that does not have the remembrance
of Allah therein is vain.’ 8
\ b* 4/j uuu h? l*j ^ ■ ^u*ji aJp ^Lp ^1*^1 .5685
5685. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Do not interfere with things that do not
concern you by abandoning things that do concern you.’ 10
lit : - ^ aSi'a* J! - fbLJi Up .5686
5686. Imam Ali (AS), in a letter he wrote to Abdullah b. Abbas, said,
'Seek what concerns you and leave whatever does not concern you, for in
leaving that which does not concern you, you will perceive the things that
do concern you.' 12
(j y*lii ^p pj> ; J,'-*7 44 4 - aJp juuui >5687
.aW app jC^ t 44 A UUA jl l JislJlj dXdp 444^ cJj-Uj 4 ■ ! ”
13. pbUl ih ! <_£y>-l ajIjj jy
5687. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with regard to Allah's verse in the Qur'an:
“Who avoid vain talk ”, said, 'It means that when someone fabricates
falsities about you or says something about you that is not true and you turn
away from it for the sake of Allah.'
241
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Notes
I. 3 . .
2. Quran 233 !
3. 72 ! jlirill .
4. Quran 2672!
5.41 / 73 : juSli.
6. Amali al-Saduq, p. 28, no. 4
7.101 /92/78 : jijflijU.
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 92, no. 101
9. 59 / 7 / 78 : 7^1 ^ .
10. Ibid. v. 78, p. 7, no. 59
II. 218 ! .
12. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 218
13. 157 / 7 ! OhJl £^7 •
242
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355 - frUJ
355. MEETING ALLAH
1630 - Jij-*1
1630. YEARNING TO MEET ALLAH
aJI Alii jt aJip ijjli jLA (3 ■ d ./?•<!! aA^I .5688
l&Ujilj t Q,\yPj 3^ idiiA 3i t ijjb Li
LgJjslj LjjJl 3^ oiSOlj t 3)2)1 ■ <3^® ^ 24c« !j)b ^ c L Jijjli jLSi
^JALiJ t LjjJI 3^ *hl! aJIc ^ Jjil I A* 0)j t j j»3L-lcaj i2> c
a4p i_jda£-l dJJi -U** t i_?^~ i_s^ (3j^;'b ci 1 Lfc^i 3^ 5-i_j~“-!
' , aaA ^LLJl jij j j JAj ij^>~ 4 aaJj i^j OLtAl lj c 4J A^«ujj
5688. It is narrated in al-Mahajjat al-Bayda?: Among the narrations about
Prophet David (AS) that Allah revealed unto him, ’...0 David, I have created
the hearts of those who long for Me from My Satisfaction and I have
blessed them with the light of My Face...' So David said, 'O Lord, and how
did they acquire this from You?!' He said, 'As a result of their good opinion,
their refraining from the world and its followers, seclusion with Me and
intimate conversation with Me, and this is a station that no one will achieve
until they refuse the world and its people, do not occupy themselves with
anything of its remembrance, devote their hearts to Me and chose Me over
all My creation.' 2
jJ c ^ ■ ” LA) <uLp SjjL jLA 3 ” 4 aA^I .5689
tli c 4!/ til ^3^3 4 ^s°sJ3 4 ^ aAY” Ojpjq^l
3. Cj3 CUiLjJjj
5689. It is narrated in al-Mahajjat al-Bayda?: 'O David, if those who turn
away from Me were to know the extent of My anticipation for them, My
gentleness towards them and My yearning for them to leave their sins, they
would die of yearning for Me and their body parts would be cut up because
of My love.' 4
S^jj (. gi ./? sib 2J)LA , - 3 “ a)1j a4p aw! aw! 3^—3 .5690
3. dALiijj ALjj 2^ c :!■! o3jj c Ojj.1 -bC
5690. The Prophet (SAWA) said in a supplication, 'I ask from You
satisfaction with Your decree, a calm life after death, the delight of looking
at Your Face, and yearning for seeing and meeting You.' 6
0 ^S”" 332 c oiLaJ ill! L> I aw! ^LaJ 3^ , aJIj a4p aw! Alii .5691
os-LaJ ill I 3S"" aUI g.LaJ
243
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5691. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever would love to meet Allah,
Allah [in turn] will love to meet him, and whoever would hate to meet
Allah, He too will hate to meet them.' s
At M Ji c3b : - Ji ^ a* “ -5692
5692. Imam Ali (AS), in a letter he wrote to the people of Egypt said,
'And indeed I yearn for meeting Allah, and I am waiting for His good
rewards with hope.' 10
, UjJI ^p ji : rWJi Up yp .5693
5693. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who wants to meet Allah Almighty must
think no more of this world.' 12
Notes
1.61 j 59/ 8 , Ji .
2. al-Mahajjat al-Bayda?, v. 8, p. 59-61
3. 62 / 8 uujuu^M .
4. Ibid. v. 8, p. 62
5.2069/31 /2 :
6. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 2, p. 31, no. 2069
7. 42121 : judi U .
8. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 42121
9. 62^t5di ^ .
10. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 62
11. 8425 : (UJ-i j> .
12. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 8425
244
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356 - U'
356. AMUSEMENT
1631 - U
1631. AMUSEMENT
a
Lajj ^33 J-^5 s- LLjjJl oLtAi lit I
“ Know that the life of this world is just play and diversion, and glitter,
and mutual vainglory among you.” 2
^JJl jj* <41! -Tap Li °fs Uili jSjjj |^y2jaJ ' jl ojL^r Ijlj ' L ^ j
2, iislj OjlAdl
“When they sight a deal or a diversion, they scatter off towards it and
leave you standing! Say, 'What is with Allah is better than diversion and
dealing, and Allah is the best of providers. ” 4
t Up £ djiil (. <>i3i : f!UJi Up fu)/' -5694
5!
5694. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’0 people, revere Allah, for man was not
created in vain that he may amuse himself, nor has he been abandoned to
futility that he may be in vain!' 6
\ iluAi oji jjji : fSLJi Adp fjs. .5695
5695. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Amusement is the provision of stupidity.' 8
9. U1 >ii' ^ u ji : rsLJi Adp ^Lp .5696
5696. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The worst thing that life is wasted on is play.’
10
Notes
1. 20 : jyjd-i .
2. Quran 5720!
3. 1 1 . .
4. Quran 62 1 1 1
5. 370 , ap*>LJ' a .
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 370
7. 937 : j> .
8. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 937
9. 5729 : r<ii .
10. Ibid. no. 5729
245
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1632-^1 6fJ
1632. THE EFFECTS OF AMUSEMENT
t jiuAji 1 ! yUJi up yp -5697
*. OijiJl
5697. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Amusement brings discontent to the
Merciful, pleases Satan, and it makes one forget the Quran.'
3. 1LI : yLJl Up ^Jlp fl.^1 .5698
5698. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Amusement corrupts the wills of
determination.' 4
5. (jpLJl a*jl ! yUJl Up yp ^L«Ni .5699
5699. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The farthest of people from success is the one
infatuated with amusement and jokes.' 6
\ lisp y ijl yt y : yiui Up yp .5700
5700. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He whose amusement increases his intellect
decreases.' 8
.1451 ppb ! plUl (jUl)
(See also: MUSIC: section 1451)
Notes
1. 66 / 9 / 78 \}yHs jU .
2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 9, no. 66
3.2165 : (UU-I j/ .
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2165
5. 3333 : (UJ-i y .
6. Ibid. no. 3333
7. 8426 : (UU-I j> .
8. Ibid. no. 8426
246
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1633 -
1633. FAITH AND AMUSEMENT
1 . ixij (j - s- .5701
5701. Imam Ali (AS), describing a believer, said, ’His time is always
occupied.’ 2
3. ySlaj lili t ^|i*j J~- aAp .5702
5702. Imam Hasan (AS) said, ’A believer does not occupy himself with
amusement lest he becomes negligent, and when he thinks he becomes sad.’
4
ojj I ■ ~ ^1*5(1 .5703
j/1- 0]j . . . ^bU.1 AJia aIAl t dJ-ta <yp
(JsiAj! cljjjjj lLaj^j Lti !? aJ L* t
5703. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), regarding someone who wanted to go hunting
for amusement, said, 'A believer is too busy for that; acquiring the Hereafter
preoccupies him away from amusements...’ until he said, 'A believer is too
busy for all this, and what does he have to do with amusement, for
amusement engenders hard-heartedness and hypocrisy.’ 6
Notes
1. 333 s^sLli : aj-'%!s\ gj .
2. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 333
3. 52 / 1 ! •
4. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 1, p. 52
5.51 :
6. al-Usul al-Sittah Ashr, p. 51, and Mustadrak al-Wasa?il, v. 13, p. 216, no. 15163
247
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1634 - p
1634. AMUSEMENT OF BELIEVERS
J JJ-I J ‘cif- ail lS^ 4^ Jj— .5704
1
5704. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The amusement most loved by
Almighty Allah is competing with horses and archery.' 2
t ^X ■ d 3 aii aii .5705
p ' / s
3
5705. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The best amusement for a believer is
swimming and the best amusement for women is the spinning wheel.' 4
Notes
1. 10812 : jii-Jt >r .
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 10812
3.40611 : JUdt yT.
4. Ibid. no. 40611
248
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1635 - iJU
1635. ASSOCIATING WITH THE DEBAUCHED
\ iikAii 5tJji Ljr4 ju IxJii Up .5706
5706. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Frequenting with the debauched brings about
the forgetting of the Quran and brings the presence of the devil.' 2
3. d\j$\ j 4 : Up i)s. fi.y\ .5707
5707. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Gatherings of amusement corrupt the faith.’ 4
Notes
1. 151 ! .
2. Tuhaf al-Uqul, no. 151
3.9815
4. Ghurar al-Hikam. 9815
249
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357-^ijIh
357. SODOMY
1636 - >ijlh >Usil
1636. CAUTION AGAINST SODOMY
L) ^ JU| \j£ ^Ss.0.1^ La at^^-LiJl OyjLj^ (J ll U Lbjjj)
(j ^g~a ^Lil ^ jL-IJl jy O^Si JU-jJl
“Anrf Lot, when he said to his people, 'What! Do you commit an
outrage none in the world ever committed before you?! Indeed you come
to men with desire instead of women! Rather you are a profligate lot. ” 2
55 t 54 ! j-dij 174 ■ 165 ! ^ 74 ! s-Lj^i (^Jui)
.35 - 28
(See also: Qur’an 21:74, 26:165-174, 27:54-55, 29:28-35)
Jap- cy L* 0! ! auit- auI ail .5708
■ -W
5708. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The most dreadful thing I fear for my
community is the action of the people of Lot.' 4
ojT ^ Jpjj cy il4^ cy ■ 4b *~^s~ ^ Jy-*j i5709
y£\ o5vj: ^ aJ i-Aj lils i oAf- (j 4 4i y4® ^Js-
5. jv4^a IjjJ a!?- J,i AidjL"
5709. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever of my community performs
the acts of the people of Lot and dies in that state, his punishment is delayed
until he is put in his grave, and when he is put in it he does not stay more
than three days therein until the earth casts him to the perished people of Lot
with whom he will be resurrected!' 6
JslyiJl 4/jj ... 4r*4l J^a tj-uglgj jLP^I lul ijp'y ■ aJlP (^4^ "5710
\ J^iUijaSC-
5710. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Allah prescribed faith as purification from
polytheism. ..and the abandonment of sodomy to multiply offspring.' 8
Jlp Jf Je fill Up .5711
9. JjjL-l
5711. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah has forbidden for every rear end
that has been sexually penetrated to sit on the brocade of Heaven.' 10
250
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lj ‘ f-J- % : ii .5712
£ & b , t
olj^ I ij\pjS\ i)\pjS\ tjhj] (3 Qdj 4 a4p £_^1? I (3 4l^£j
* * , LjjJl 4 jo j3l 4
5712. Imam al-Rida (AS) said, ’The reason for the prohibition of males to
males and of females to females is because of what females have been
endowed with and the nature of males. Moreover, in males being with males
and females being with females, lies the continuity of offspring will cease,
corruption of [natural] order, and the destruction of the world.’ 12
Notes
1. 81 4 80 : 4-VS/i .
2. Quran 780,81!
3. 1 / 285 / 3 : .
4. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 3, p. 258, no. 1
5. 24 / 72 / 79 : jU .
6. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 79, p. 72, no. 24
7. 252 jlXu : .
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 252
9. 27 / 72 / 79 : ^ jU .
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 79, p. 72, no. 27
11. 1 / 547 : tvJi ju.
12. Hal al-Sharai, p. 547 no. 1
251
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358 -
358. TESTING
1637 -
1637. Testing
1 i Sfi ihA s t uuu CUU? \jy*\ Si : Up ^Ip .5713
*, jl jQ\J ilU
5713. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Our affair [ruling] is hard, considerably
difficult; no one can bear it save the servant whose heart Allah has tested for
faith.’ 2
aS : - ^3% fSLJ *Lj5J| yL^> j - rSLJl Up *1p \\sj\ .5714
4, <UjUUlj t o-U^fr-U c J - ^ ■■ aPI
5714. Imam Ali (AS), in the description of prophets (AS) and saints,
said, ’Allah has examined them with hunger, and has tried them with
struggles, and has tested them with fears.’ 4
YaiIj : fsLJi Up ^Lp .5715
5715. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Try a man and you will [come to] hate him.’ 7
JLgl jl jUciUi -Up ; Up JjIp .5716
5716. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’During a test is a person elevated or
humiliated.’ 9
10.u^ y YY ,-^4 : fYUi Up yp fi.^1 .5717
5717. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A man is tested in his actions and not in his
sayings.' 11
t Jill ! JyU 14 //Up Up yp .5718
* , U ■ Y'j c 4jSfjJly
5718. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Three things test men’s intellects. They are:
wealth, guardianship (wilaya) and calamity.’ 13
14. jv^U" ( >-*Y1 ju»j daJO- ! ^»5Ujl Up JSilXaJl .5719
5719. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Socialise with people and test them, and
when you test them you will [come to] hate them.' 15
oSOU -Up , -Up LxUp | ^SUJl Up .5720
jU 1 1 c -Lp -Up Lf , ^ lo a ^ c l^Jp , ^ da 3
l6.
5720. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Test our followers [Shia] with three
things: at times of prayer and how well they observe them, secrets and how
252
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they guard them from our enemies, and their wealth and how they aid their
brothers with it.' 17
Notes
1. 189 AJaiU | .
2. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 189
3. 192 d.ui-i i APbtJi .
4. Ibid. Sermon 192
5. 434 ! apsUi .
6. ^ Ail (Sjaj uTj c aJTj aJp dii' ^4^ '4* ^ ■ (V^l' Jli
a15I , o4jsJ ^aLaj , Jli 14p el 44 . Jli l ^lyp*yi ^3 ^p CL4*j ol54>- L» a4p .
7. Ibid. Saying 434
8. 6206 : j> .
9. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 6206
10. 11026 : j>.
11. Ibid. no. 11026
12. 4664 . .
13. Ibid. no. 4664
14.196/ 176/8:^1.
15. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 176, no. 196
16. 62 / 103 : JU*4-I .
17. al-Khisal, p. 103, no. 62
253
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359 - cAl
359. PRAISE
1638 - caii
1638. THE CENSURE OF PRAISE
yoo ajU $ \ dTy <jp .5721
5721. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Beware of praise, for verily it is
slaughter.' 2
otd" i y^ ■ diy ^dp ^ 4^ (Jy-^y .5722
’. “H^~3 tJ ;dp el d yp-
5722. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'A man insulting another man with a
sharp knife is better for him than if he was to praise him to his face.' 4
t jOydy '~r^~ ■ “^Ty xlp 4^ Jy— y -5723
3, jLjJl
5723. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The love of commendation and praise
blinds and deafens one from religion, and it makes houses desolate.' 6
oyyy <3 yJj£ o! dly aOp .Uil y~^? dXl byil , y^^P /y duJLLl .5724
2. Oljdl
5724. Al-Miqdad b. Amr narrated, 'The Prophet (SAWA) ordered us to
throw dust into the faces of the praisers.' 8
y~^2 jdw t diy xJp 4)1 (_5^? lS^ -*-'p 0] ! yj .5725
2. ^OlfiJ ^ yl t A^lgJCS ! UTy xlp 4)1
5725. Abu Musa narrated, 'A man was about to praise another man in
front of the Prophet (SAWA), so he (SAWA) said, 'Do not let him listen for
you will ruin him, and if he hears you he will not succeed.' 10
jt ^ y>f*j *4 IjaIpI t yUl Lgyt ■ <uip yip ^L.5ll .5726
■ /y yd^-4^y t yd yyy^ Jyli
5726. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'O people, know that one who is annoyed by a
false accusation about him is not intelligent, and nor is one who accepts the
praise of an ignorant person wise.' 12
13. jydsu cJl iii t lii : Up yp ^l-v* .5727
5727. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'If you [must] praise then make it brief, and if
you disparage make it short.' 14
iUy-1 (_r) j JL>- Oy^x O' c-PyS~ Jiy ! aJp yp »0>5l' .5728
dJli (JL4 O' 4^>-' OuS"" yjy . dd-iS"" “ .U)' “ C^dy t £.ld' y»JLvdy
254
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I Ll^J C %\j A ^ U»li 4j La (jj Lb ^jp Aj L>s^p aX 1 lA IgA' AlS^lS
AjG^— - .Uil ^~jij ^^4 yp Sta c s2A2l -UL yhJl
Lc *>U tL^JUgA y* uj'i Lgibi yil 1 i_jjJL>- ij (AiiLil) j/*
AxjLv2^.L ^^gllA L oj-jLSl Jpl -Up Aj U a 4." ] Lc L L 1 A : " t O^jLLi-l Aj
15
5728. Imam Ali (AS) said, I hate it for you to think that I like
commendation and listening to praises when, praise be to Allah, I am not so.
If I did like for such things to be said, I would abandon it as degradation of
myself before Allah Almighty in accepting something that He is more
worthy of in Grandeur and Glory. People might be pleased with praises after
hardships, but do not praise me good praises for what I have done for Allah
Almighty, and for you in what is left of the rights I have not yet fulfilled,
and obligations I must duly accomplish. So do no speak to me the way you
speak to tyrants, and do not evade me as the people of passion are [to be]
evaded, and do not meet me with flattery.’ 16
ij, jtlpl jtfJUl ! ■ A-g^-j ij » y aA-uS UJ - aJp yip .5729
p-'f < s Ji* * * 0 ' S. s. p
17
5729. Imam Ali (AS), when a group of people praised him to his face,
said, ’O Allah, You know more about me than I myself do, and I know more
about myself than they do. O Allah, make us better than what they think and
forgive us that which they do not know.’ 18
j[ ...yjdJ ykbj i up. j .a y»y.i ■ ^-ugji yj *5730
L.L*2j-[ tAlAy t A_LgA ^y> (_y oJJ*j5! t Gj aJ)I yicu-Jj t 0^y6 Lt 23LA yT}
19. aILp g
5730. Imam Zayn al- Abidin (AS) said, ’A believer is silent in order to be
safe, and speaks in order to benefit.... If he is praised he fears what they say
and he seeks forgiveness from Allah for what they do not know. He is not
deceived by the sayings of those who do not know him, and he fears being
20
accountable for the things he has done.’
Notes
1. 8331 : Juai A.
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 8331
3. 284 / 5 : aaJi aaA .
4. al-Mahajjat al-Bayda?, v. 5, p. 284
5. 122 / 2 : >(yU
6. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 122
255
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7. 3742 / 1232/2 :
8. Sunan Ibn Maja, no. 3742
9. 8339 : Jiui .
10. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 8339
11. 208 ! .
12. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 208
13. 3984 j 3983 :
14. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3983-3984
15. 216 gjS .
16. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 216
17. 100
18. Ibid. Saying 100
19.3/231 12 : jis4i.
20. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 231, no. 3
256
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1639 - aJ l£ J£jl1
1639. PRAISING SOMEONE FOR QUALITIES
lii c ^yi ■ dTj aJlp <uii 2^ Jy—’j .5731
■ (Jyd A^il Ols dyij dJ-E yP C-lij ^Jdjl ^y£Jj jl^lll / y/2j
c_^IXxJl ojLflX ^ | IjIxjIj ^1 lx C) l^j i lx (j^>-y2 j JjjjJl UV^^"
'. (j^I iylip^
5731. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'O Ibn Masud, if people praise you,
saying, 'You fast the day and stay awake at night', and you do not actually
do so then do not feel happy about it, for Allah Almighty says, “Do not
suppose those who exult in what they have done , and love to be praised for
what they have not done, do not suppose them saved from punishment,
and there is a painful punishment for them. ” 23
4. GJIp jl If jii ygi dii Ct^^- dJd-jei -y \ aJp ^P .5732
5732. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Whoever praises you with something you do
not have then it is a disparagement for you, if you are sane [know].' 5
0 1 ffz yis 2Es E 1 j .LyJgj ji : rsLJi Jp yp .5733
6. dEs lyf Lc
5733. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Beware of he who praises you with what you
do not have for you may be disgraced with qualities that are not in you.' 7
t <ffy^ J^l Jj-EJ] ■ ” j-cdbU ajIzS' - ^bEJl aJp ^Lp ^i«s(i .5734
i jEpI CjXf- iff ills t aIxjjj / JEL> iiyAd c iijjlaj Y ^^Lp ^ 4 .dj
8- 0^' dr? Q>^3
5734. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to al-Ashtar, said, ’Stick to people of
piety and truthfulness, then tell them not to praise you and not to slash you
with a wrong that you have not done, for too much praise brings pride and
decreases dignity.’ 9
bJ jjSvj hi dEl jilplj . ” i-1 -Ljj ylE aEp JsLjl ^l*Y .5735
, (jJli yjy c dEE dEJ^i ^ ^yd ^J-4-j dE[ ■ ^Jj&l dElp jJ ^>- LJj
iSsJLv. Ots £ <Uil ^Jlp dEdsij ypl c dE-s Egd 1 bcJL^? ^)A; dE[
Eldd V Alls c Jb“dj cEjIs t Ajjjy£ lists'- lA^Py j Ep'j l O-LAJJ <_j t aLA
l0! ? EE- -d Eyd <yEl EEs OTyflS LSld 0[y . 'dl^ l*
5735. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said to Jabir b. Yazid al-Jufi, 'Know that you
will not be a friend of ours unless if all of your countrymen were to gather
and claim that you are a bad person, it would not worry you, and if they
were all to say that you are a good person, it would not make you any
happier. Expose yourself to the Book of Allah, and if you follow its path,
257
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abstaining from that which it dictates to be abstained from, wanting what it
wants, and fearing that which it frightens about, then be steadfast and
rejoice, for what is said about you will not harm you. But if you are contrary
to the Quran then what do you have to be proud about?' 1 1
\ %\ jJis 'jJe- \ aAs- *5736
5736. Imam al-'Askari (AS) said, 'He who praises one who is not worthy
of it, stands to be suspected!' 13
Notes
1. 2660 / 353 / 2 : .
2. Quran 3 1 8 8 !
3. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 2, p. 353, no. 2660
4. 9042 : r<Ai,> •
5. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 9042
6. 17 / 2 ! •
7. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 17
8. 53 :
9. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 53
10. 284 ! J .
11. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 46
12. 313 : f^\ .
13. Alam al-Din, p. 313
258
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1640 -
1640. CAUTION AGAINST PRAISING AN
i_ jp\ jiaI J^-LaJl li[ . aJTj 4_.i p auI ad .5737
5737. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'When an immoral person is praised,
the Throne trembles and the Lord is angered.' 2
4J *_ * ^2 jj lyL>- IjUgL. . 4J I j 4Ap .uil ail 3 .5738
2, jLJ! <ujys 014”" Lstids
5738. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever praises a tyrant ruler and is
lenient and subservient to him, out of eagerness [for his reward], then he
will be his consort in the Hellfire.’ 4
Notes
1. 46 . J .
2. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 46
3. 707 / 513 ! J5.U2JJ guS/t .
4. Amali al-Saduq, p. 347, no. 1
259
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1641 - jjfts 53jj jp
1641. WARNING OF PRAISING ONESELF
3] Jjk oyLiUil dJbj 0] Oyf^y
[lsL>\ jtlpt ji l_jSp j^2j (j U>d itj ^jSfl ^ ^Lijl
“Those who avoid major sins and indecencies, excepting [minor and
occasional] lapses. Indeed your Lord is expansive in [His] forgiveness. He
knows you best since [the time] He produced you from the earth, and
since you were fetuses in the bellies of your mothers. So do not flaunt your
piety: He knows best those who are Godwary. ” 2
'ji) ; &\ Jyj yf- fzL ed - <uip jSiiXaii .5739
Oy>^. ■ f \y\^ tj[ ■ l-Us \ ~
4 _)t$% fli\ flit jsd : ^SLJl Up ^Ip jl£3 t LuU^j U-jU! LJd> ! Oj/jIU
^ Lid*1 ' * \ ■■; -bj- 1 jJj
5739. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when asked about Allah's verse in the Qur'an:
“So do not flaunt your piety ” said, 'It refers to when someone says, 'I
prayed yesterday and fasted yesterday', and its like. The Prophet (SAWA)
then said, 'A group of people would wake up and say, 'We prayed and fasted
yesterday', and Imam Ali (AS) said, 'But I sleep night and day and if I found
any time between that I would sleep too [i.e. making light of his worship in
front of people].' 4
4 "y* j4-® ,jAiJl jp~ . Jli y* . aJTj aAp- dj'-’j .5740
5. jidl j j Qi ■ JLs -yy
5740. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Whoever says: 1 am the best of
people’, then he is the worst of people, and whoever says: I am [deserving]
of Heaven’ is [deserving] of Hell.’ 6
Notes
1. 32 ! .
2. Quran 5332!
3. 1 / 243 ! jO>At 31** .
4. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 243, no. 1
5. 86 / 107 : .
6. Nawadir al-Rawandi, p. 1 1
260
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360 - o\J.\
360. WOMAN
1642 - ATj aIp ojiij
1642. THE WORDS OF THE REPRESENTATIVE
jj A <yi sxiA) A ■ OLAl
, cAlib aJTj aJp awI L awI 3^a.j ^.Ao ^Lp cA^o ^bAAl aJp <, -JlA ^j,l
3 b ■ 1 " d bb aJ Ij aJp Aj 1 A: I 3 Lj l i 0 1 ^A I ^a £■ j
34-a* ! cAis ? dAi ! aJIj aJp awi 3bb ! s-b^Ai o[ cawi
J oba-L^Aj 0[) *&\ oA& ^[bc aA 3_/^ ■ jAij baA j^~. OjSAjV
^ ^ 0 xo ^ 0 o°
J CA J C^J-v^Jl J J C^usJl J J J
j CXabAAlj JpaJdAl j , •• ... \ ./?•: i li J x* .. 1 Jlj CaJtbjkl j
“, ^ (bbAp l^pl J Oyjjt. Ail Jpl CA Al J Ail cy~^ J . " -io a A 1 J
o . - >■
5741. Majma al-Bayan, 'When Asma' bint 'Umays returned from Ethiopia
with her husband Ja'far b. Abu Talib, she visited the wives of the Prophet
(SAWA) and asked them, 'Does the Quran say anything about us [women]?'
They said, 'No.' So, she went to the Prophet (SAWA) and said, 'O
Messenger of Allah, the women are indeed at a loss and failure!' He asked,
'Why is that?' She said, 'Because they are not mentioned with goodness like
men are.' So Allah sent down this verse: “ Indeed for Muslim men and
women, for believing men and women, for devout men and women, for
true men and women, for men and women who are patient and constant,
for men and women who humble themselves, for men and women who
give in charity, for men and women who fast, for men and women who
guard their chastity, and for men and women who engage much in Allah 's
remembrance, for them has Allah prepared forgiveness and great reward ”
34
^<ai cai la AjjLv2j*yi ^..ii jAi .5742
^iplj C 2A1] £-d*Al 0-Alj l^alj Cd! . cAlJb C Ajl^aad (JAJ jJkj aJIj aAp aWI
clA Q A4jE^ y*\ ^jA L. Aj! “ dA ”
L dA c ^.L^Alj g,] AA*J a3J1 o) c
^ . >3 a j Jplji i ^.E^Al 'jZtJUi lj[j
^ ^ . aj f\ oSLpj olpLaAlj AjtAkb LAp ^ "! -s** t
E] & aw! A ^bgAl dAi A.U t -bd ^Alj jjhAl
261
w w w . alhas s anain . or g/engli sh
t l3jpj t ^5^ ulg <?•>- Uigji^a jl 1^1*3 jl U>-L>-
y X £ ^ j| J|
? a!)I J y-^j b yr *^l I 3 3-9
aJL^Jo (J>-^ , JlS f C a!5^ A^j>-Jj AjL>c_v?1 ^1 aJ I j a3_P 4)il ^3 1 C^uLlili
(SJ ^ ^ ^ c # jl ^ s
ofj^l jl 3J^ 3 C4&I J^-’j b ! Lg^p j^*l 3 L^J$.Lwv3 ^jA J23 ol^l
jl-L& 3^ di
y* i^y\S'\^ C o\ ^J»l L^Xjl 3j-*A2^ \ li jli ^ cl^Jj aJTj aJ_p Ail ^gjJl c3LJli
iJJj«j 4jaL9lj^ L^d-Lolj 4jLi?^ Ljllbj Lg^-jjj IjLo 01 j.L~cl
^ ^jl^J ^5^? oljJ.1 oyoli , a!5^ 2dA
5742. Al-Bayhaqi narrated from Asma' bint Yazid al-Ansari that she
went to the Prophet (SAWA) whilst he was with his companions, and said,
'May my mother and father be ransomed for you ! I come to you representing
women, and know - may my soul be sacrificed for you - that there is no
woman that exists in the east or the west who does not agree with me if she
was to hear of my visit to you. Allah sent you with the truth to men and
women, so we believed in you and in your God who sent you. We women
are restricted and limited, confined to your [men's] houses, fulfillers of your
desires, bearers of your children, and you men are superior to us because of
the Friday and congregational prayers, visiting the sick, participating in
burials, pilgrimage after pilgrimage, and better than all that, fighting (jihad)
in the path of Allah. When a man from among you goes for the obligatory or
voluntary pilgrimage, or is stationed away from home, we protect your
property for you, sew your clothes, bring up your children, so what do we
share with you in reward, O Messenger of Allah?'
, c^JULi d I j ^uip <U)I L 1 y} .5743
Ijt LALxj 4A Gjj 2d~^aj y* hi c dd^-t^ (jG-^Jl c^d.2 c<U)I
<U)I (_jU^ (. yjdZ>-[ i 1 Id Sj IdT ^Jpy> (j IJlSj IdT ^ y \ JU . kill
7 „ &\ iilp ti ylzLi dTj yls-
5743. Abu Said al-Khudri narrated, 'A woman came to the Prophet
(SAWA) and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, men leave with your sayings, so
allocate one day for us that we can have with you so you can teach us from
what Allah has taught you.' So he said, 'Gather on such and such a day such
and such a place.' So they gathered and the Prophet (SAWA) came to them
and taught them what Allah had taught him.' 8
Notes
1. 35 : •
2. 560 / 8
3. Quran 3335!
262
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4. Majma al-Bayan v 8 p 560
5. jj* Liillj c L' .
6. 518 12: ^ jjJi .
7. 6 / 76 / 3 : ■
8. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 3, p. 76, no. 6
263
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1643 - JUa>- jL?-
1643. THE BEST CHARACTERISTICS OF WOMEN
t <uip .5744
i - . b aL^ c-JlS"" lijj c k>Lc i ojj^ SlJ.1 c-JlS' lils i t ^ydS-lj
*, iX $. ^ 2jL>- oJLS"" t iXl*
5744. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The good characteristics of women are the
bad characteristics of men: pride, cowardice and stinginess. If a woman has
pride she will not allow herself to be taken advantage of; if she is stingy she
will guard her wealth and her spouse's wealth; and if she is cowardly she
will be cautious of everything that confronts her.' 2
Notes
1. 234 : itsut ^ .
2. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 234
264
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1644 - aJ-UJi
1644. RIGHTEOUSE WOMEN
ALa? yS- J 4~3 jj>" “ci-LyAl SI^J.1 , aJTj aA f- Ail I J y^j .5745
5745. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'One righteous woman is better than
one thousand unrighteous men.' 2
',h$\ % iddJi LJ4J1 ■ aAp awi *ii i .5746
.34AL^!l ?f>l ^
5746. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The world is like a commodity, and
there is nothing in this world better than a righteous woman.' 4
cUL-L*2 o(pj.i a , aJ i j aAp awi aA .5747
ACaJ^.1 SljJ.1
5747. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The righteousness of one believing
woman is better than seventy virtuous (sidiq) men and the corruption of one
woman is like the corruption of one thousand corrupt people.'
Notes
1. 175 / 1 . - '-Ai .
2. Irshad al-Qulub, v. 1, p. 175
3.3108/230/2 :
4. al-Firdaws, v. 2, p. 230, no. 3108
5. 45090 / 398 / 16 : Judi .
6. Kanz al-Ummal, v. 16, p. 398, no. 45090
265
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1645 - pLJih C~?-
1645. THE PRAISE OF LOVING WOMEN
\ jLJil Sbjl tiUi Sbjl Lis' : aJTj Jp ail JU« ill .5748
5748. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’The more the faith of a servant
increases the more his love for women increases.’ 2
b- ^1411 alii b- lJ alii ^ 5^ : ^slji Up bibi ^tuli .5749
3
5749. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Whoever’s love for us increases, their
love for women and sweets will increase.’ 4
jibJi Li- rJp &\ JL* jLJh/i jssui ja : rsui Up buu fibi .5750
5
5750. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’One of the morals of the prophets, peace
of Allah be upon them, is the love of women. ’ 6
Notes
1. 109 / 114 : .
2. al-Nawadir al-Rawandi, p. 12
3. 8 / 143 ! ol .
4. Mustatrafat al-Sarair, p. 143, no. 8
5. 1 / 320 / 5 : jisli .
6. al-Kafi, v. 5, p. 320, no. 1
266
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1646 - CJ- ft
1
1646. The Censure of the Love OF WOMEN
2
jL-Jl jyjapl _UA La , dTj aulp <Uil aiil .5751
5751. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Satan has no greater force than women
and anger.' 4
. , . jlk-jJl jAj 1 I oSL" ,3^1 aAp ^L»hfl .5752
5752. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There are three temptations: the love of
women, and it is the sword of Satan... So, whoever loves women they will
not derive profit in their livelihood.' 6
5u <, ulh oil! ^\pj\3 t jLJlJl 4J5J1 ip} iici p p .5753
A \ j * cA-LUb
5753. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Beware of too much passion for women and
being seduced by the sweet temptations of this world, for passion for
women is trying and being seduced by worldly temptations is humiliating.' 8
Notes
1. -ULs W ja- IjjjS'L.Ui&I c ol*rGJ AjdfJt
^jp S Lc olLhi .cj
* - ~L' Ijjbj t AiSbdl ■' - tl Js |^Jl Ji_l4 ^.Lhpl ^1p t
0 \jjmj *yl LS ' A^>- . dlj Aa1p diii a4p -t5 I
S tpj c 51^.1 yS- (jLo jl jAl^Pj \yJtb-AJ jlj aIjLpj
.llSLh ,lySb;j d .lyAy^ jA' y t <u~>dJ *cy^p <_A
2. Islam attaches importance to family life and respects its perimeters. Hence all sexual
enjoyments are confined to its perimeters and asks men to pay attention only to their
spouses and offer all their loves and affection to them. This is the affection praised and
announced by the Holy Prophet. On the other hand Islam warns men not to fall into the trap
of Satan and refrain from loving other women, otherwise everyday they will fall in love
with a woman and when they could not win their beloved they would destroy their
happiness or they will fall into unlawful activities.
3.5/515/5 : jisdt.
4. Ibid. v. 5, p. 515, no. 5
5.91 / 113 : Jua.
6. al-Khisal, p. 1 13, no. 91
7. 2721 : (AAt j> .
8. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2721
267
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361 -
361. GALLANTRY
1647 -
1647. INTERPRETATION OF GALLANTRY
u l lpi ij , “ _ aJTj *up u y^ ^ .5754
iu dJJ-Uj ; Jis . uiuy yi i Jis ? yy
5754. The Prophet (SAW A) said to a man from Thaqif, ’O brother from
Thaqif, what is gallantry in your opinion?’ He said, ’O Messenger of Allah,
it is fairness and peacemaking.’ So he (SAWA) said, ’That is how it is in us.’
yJi j ki y-ft : - s^i y yd uj - yiu Up yip yy .5755
3. (3 (
5755. Imam Ali (AS), when asked about gallantry, said, ’[It is to] Not do
something secretly which you would be ashamed to do in public.’ 4
-Wsiajj t(<Uj.5 ij) UU ! yUJ( Up yp .5756
c aj c-Jy 131 aJLJI ^1p y>v25j
j
5756. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The gallantry of a man will not be complete
until he is educated [in religion], economizes in his living, is patient in
tragedy when it befalls him, and finds the bitterness of his brethren sweet.’ 6
7. y? yy i ^suji Up yp ,5757
5757. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’With gentleness is gallantry completed.’ 8
9. kjj.\ ys2 : yiu Up yp yy .5758
5758. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’With truthfulness is gallantry perfected.’ 10
jyy t uu : - iijj. \ y yd uj - yiu u yj-i yy .5759
", ^LJl y JUUJlj t (JjjJdl iWj t aJLp^JI i (jdj t ^UJl
5759. Imam Hasan (AS), when asked about gallantry, said, ’[It is]
Protecting the religion, dignifying the self, lowering one’s wing [in
humility], dedication in one’s actions, fulfilling rights, and showing love to
people.’ 12
juu &\ iiijS N : - oy>i y yd us - yu Up yy -5760
13. iyf ^ isiu y 4 iiii
5760. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when asked about gallantry said, ’That Allah
should not see you where He has prohibited you, and that He does not miss
you where He has ordered you.’ 14
268
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Notes
I. 8763 :
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 8764
3. 223 ! .
4. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 223
5. 223 ! J .
6. Ibid. p. 223
7. 4201 : j> .
8. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4201
9. 4224 : (XJ-t .
10. Ibid. no. 4224
II. 225 ! J .
12. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 225
13. 359 : Ja-i' .
14. Ibid. p. 359
269
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362 -
362. SICKNESS
1648 -
1648. SOME REASONS BEHIND SICKNESS
L»5"" oblkA obi (j^a u^J.1 IaJTj aJip <ojI aisl .5761
5761. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The wrongdoings of a sick person shed
away from him like the shedding of leaves from a tree.' 2
h! , dlj a4p amI amI .5762
8, lltJa A 4j aS)I Jai- 'ill
5762. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'No believer and Muslim - man or
woman - fall sick except that Allah will wipe ou their sins.’ 4
(*A3 j* du ja ' L-4~ip aua fdshfi ji jslji >5763
2 , AAf. o 3 hp I^>- 1 flap U A. I
5763. Imam al-Baqir or Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Staying awake from
sickness or pain for one night carries a greater reward than the worship of
one year.' 6
ji ^jjp di j-3\ : ^ iii : rsLJi aJp fiAh .5764
g.) .LA 3 ^AL» (_£-Lp ^Lp ! JWfJl
, . j 1 . . ^ &**^x^*^ , *: a^c^u . - ^ ^ — xJ . . . ^ I I
5764. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, 'When a believer becomes sick, Allah
reveals unto the angel on his left [shoulder], 'Do not write a sin for my
servant as long as he is in My confinement and My grasp, and He reveals
unto the angel on his right [shoulder], 'Write for My servant what you were
writing for him in merits when he was healthy.' 8
.780 apIj ! i—d-Ul (jlih)
(See also: SINNING: section 780)
Notes
1. 56 / 292 / 4 : v-~*A vA/1' •
2. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 4, p. 293, no. 56
3. 55 / 292 / 4 : -
4. Ibid. v. 4, p. 292, no. 55
5.6/ 114/3 : jisdi.
6. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 1 14, no. 6
270
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7.7/ 114/3 :
8. Ibid. v. 3, p. 114, no. 7
271
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1649 -
1649. CONCEALING ONE'S SICKNESS
dJ-Oj jji 1j50 'Jp y> ! j^r-jjp aJsI Jl» ! aJTj aJp *5)1 LfLp> J \y*j i5765
CJi Slj Aiilp AiOLp 0^ toS J-? Lo j ijJ- LJ- ai)jjI oil^p jJ~\ Jl
* . (_ll A'.'./?d AX*2d 01 J t aJ
5765. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Allah Almighty has said, 'Whoever
becomes sick three times and does not complain to any of his visitors, I
change his flesh to flesh better than what he has and blood better than his
blood. If I cure him, then I will cure him and he will have no sin, and if I
take him [in death], I will take him to My Mercy.' 2
l (j/5 l -ygj.1 OLod"" , jdl , aJTj a4p a1)I Ajh J .5766
2 ,
5766. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'From among the treasures of
righteousness are: concealing one's tragedies, sicknesses and charity.' 4
isCjij ^\j\ ajOa j j* : a4p :t/p .5767
2,ac* aIsL*j 01 aW 1 ^ip 00- Old" caW1^[
5767. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Whoever suppresses pain that he has been
inflicted with for three days from people and complains to Allah instead,
Allah will rightfully cure him from it.’ 6
2. ajOj obc tgho/i \ ^w~!i aJp ^Ip ^l^i .5768
5768. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Whoever conceals his sickness from
physicians has betrayed his body.’ 8
, AjlOi /^P A^d^ AjA 0 -y :fsLJi aAp ^Lp .5769
5769. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Whoever conceals his hidden sickness, his
physician will not be able to cure it.’ 10
Notes
1.1/115/3:^1.
2. Ibid. v. 3, p. 115, no. 1
3. 462 / 167 : oijpjJi .
4. al-Daawat, p. 167, no. 462
5. 10/630 : Juai.
6. al-Khisal, p. 630, no. 10
7. 8545 : r<A .
8. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 8545
9. 8612 : (XJ-I .
10. Ibid. no. 8612
272
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1650 -
1650. THE REPROACHING OF THOSE WHO DO NOT
FALL SICK
Sj c ^ j*4hi ' ■ JyA 6 is" - <ui p ijjii ,5770
\ dUi dA
5770. Prophet David (AS), would say, 'O Allah, [do not give me]
sickness that weakens me nor health that makes me forget [You], rather a
state in between them both.' 2
, JL> ^45" . <4p .Uil awI >5771
5771. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Continuous health suffices as an
ailment.' 4
(3 \jjJ 1 AJjJ all AjjjixJl o) ■ d Ij 4Ap .Uil .5772
5. du ^
5772. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Indeed Allah hates a wicked evil
person who does not endure any harm in his body or his wealth.' 6
JAlj _Lt^S- (j yj~ ^ t JAI (j^yc ^ lil -uAkl | aAp JSlJl *5773
7
5773. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'If a body does not become sick it
continues to make merry, and there is no good in a body that [only] makes
merry.' 8
Notes
1. 334 / 134 ! .
2. al-Daawat, p. 134, no. 334
3. 7 / 2 ! •
4. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 7
5. 482 / 172 loljpjJl .
6. al-Daawat, p. 172, no. 482
7. 1626 / 487 : juA'i sisC^ .
8. Mishkat al-Anwar, p. 280
273
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1651 -
1651. VISITING THE SICK
~ * , s $ ~ y / ; _ _ _
, 4-aLJlSl ^jj (J^jL <Uj' L)[ ■ aJTj -dip 4^1 ^L *0 <4jl .5774
O' c— ^Jp L*' !? ( >j oJ'j iLjpl ^ jjL ;Jli ! i-i—LV®
* ! ? 0-Up 4j -Ip jJ OJj I C— o-lp Lai ! ? 0 -LxJ jJU ^a L *}li ££-UP
5774. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah Almighty will say on the Day of
Resurrection , 'O son of Adam, I became sick and you did not visit Me!' and
he will ask, 'O Lord, how can I visit You when You are the Lord of the
worlds?' He Almighty will say, 'Did you not know that My servant so and so
became sick and you did not visit him? ! Did you not know that if you had
visited him you would have found Me there with him [visiting a sick person
is as visiting Allah]?!' 2
Ls^Jl (j “dip ! dTj aJp Ail! Jjaaj ,5775
5775. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The one who visits the sick dives into
[divine] mercy.' 4
", ojp-hfl jvS^SLij ojLdM Ijjcylj lj.2jp ■ aJTj 4-Jp aDI 4i)l J yj*j .5776
5776. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Visit the sick and attend funerals, they
will remind you of the Hereafter.' 6
ail Lid i ll2Jj-« sip ^ \ aJp .5777
7, I_i! aJ
5777. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Whoever visits a sick person, seventy
thousand angels will escort him seeking forgiveness for him until he returns
to his house.' 8
Notes
t.3/317/4 : ^ A' .
2. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 4, p. 317, no. 3
3. 25141 : Jrtdi yg .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 25141
5. 25143 : judi jA.
6. Ibid. no. 25143
7. 2 / 120 / 3 : jisdi .
8. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 120, no. 2
274
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1652 - 331**)'
1652. ETIQUETTES OF VISITING THE SICK
, \ g tf~^l O-iLcajl . aITj aJp Alii ^L*? aWI tj B5778
5778. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The best kind of visit [of the sick] is
the briefest one.'
Ii[ p au! -up [^>-1 yiyiil |*)*p' y* e] ! Jl aJp 'yip ^L*h!l i5779
4, dJJi aJL— jj o-Ujjj 23)3 L)1 hi] ouL?- oL>-l SIp
5779. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The visitor with the greatest reward with
Allah is he who when he visits he sits briefly, unless the sick person likes
the company and wants and asks [him to sit longer].' 4
Aib (w— L>- yl a5L j-ti oSLodl | ^*3— 31 a-Ip Js^LysJl >5780
5780. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Visiting should be the length of time it
takes to milk a camel.' 6
4p[)i Jp lijj ji oSLxJi ^i3 Ji a— Ip ^La^i -5781
”2 ajc>-J ^1p -uil .^5^1)1 ®SLp 013 l o-Up ^LJLil
5781. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The complete visit of the sick should be
just long enough for you to put your hand on his arm, and hasten to leave
from him, for the visit of the foolish is harder for the sick person to bear
than his pain.' 8
Up-yA* aJ \y> ly> y> U_gJp XkJ- ^ y^r C A <-3^)' «5782
* ' s & ' f, s '
t (3 aJlp c
cr ■
i l ^ i* . ^ p . i* £ P i* ,< .* P a* ■j' p A, p
LJjh V ^ _^p 4»hq j 1 c Ajl*J J 1 c A>-jJ 1 J 1 C AbU j}u*> j 1 C A>- Ljj ,*5LU>- 1
4! V A-lp A) yjoU^I L* J L)1 Lai ijLii 3-ijSs 0-j^-a Lota La
5782. al-Kafi: ’A servant of Imam al-Sadiq (AS) narrated, ’One of his
servants became sick so we went to visit him as a group of the servants of
Jafar. We met Jafar (AS) on the way, and he asked, ’Where are you going?’
We replied, ’We are going to so and so to visit him.’ He said, ’Stop.’, so we
stopped, and he asked, ’Does any of you have an apple or a quince, or a
citron, or some perfume or a piece of sandalwood?!’ We said, 'No, we do no
have any of these?' He said, 'Do you not know that the sick man is
comforted by anything that is brought for him.' 10
Notes
1.25139 : judi & .
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 25139
3.6/ 118/3 : jisdi.
4. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 118, no. 6
275
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5.2 / 118/3 : jisOt.
6. Ibid. v. 3, p. 118, no. 2
7.4/ 118/3 :
8. Ibid. v. 3, p. 118, no. 4
9.3/ 118/3 : jisOt.
10. Ibid. v. 3, p. 118, no. 3
276
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363 - *\JL\
363. DISPUTATION
1653 - aj'jTj
1653. THE CENSURE OF DISPUTAION AND ITS
EFFECTS
ajljl>- -up , aJTj a-1p ami 3 .5783
I * i*f > ✓
. ojj
5783. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’A servant will not perfect the reality of
faith until he abandons disputation, even if he is right.' 2
2. «.y»l iijj jj ! aJTj aJp a1)I a1)1 .5784
5784. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The most pious of people is he who
abandons disputation, even if he is right.' 4
j^jip iipjjjLii ji_ &jSi La-^ju ji “cJlp yp .5785
2, JiLujl L-^JlP C-Ajj (. 0 ' y>~ "/ '
5785. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Beware of disputation and argument, for they
sicken the hearts against brothers, and hypocrisy grows from them.' 6
7. e.(jii £A-U jjp5 <j" ■ fTAJi aJp y_p .5786
5786. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Whoever wants to hold on to his repuation
should abandon disputation.’ 8
t t t aJLoJI ; jjjlc h! au-j ! Jl aJp ^Ip .5787
7. t i
5787. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'One should not dispute with six types of
people: the jurist, the leader, the low, the lewd, the woman, and the child.' 10
Jir jjy {.(,11 iijfu jt , , jyi j) i aJp ^l»^i .5788
ii
5788. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Humbleness is to... abandon disputation,
even if one is right.' 12
aJLjjJI o-ULijl C AP-Lajl Ail-L*2jl -U— j2j dl aJp ^L.^1 .5789
d^.Uoll vL-h
<_T
aJL*^.Ij c aJL*J.I aA o' aA l.
5789. Imam al-Hadi (AS) said, ’Disputation corrupts old friendships,
undoes strong ties, and the least of it brings about agression, and agression
is the basic cause of cutting off relations.' 14
ddip '\p^i £)i h3 1 iijii caja jii v : a— ip {\j.y\ .5790
15
277
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5790. Imam al-Askari (AS) said, 'Do not dispute lest your splendour
fade, and do not joke lest people feel defiant towards you.' 16
Notes
1. 171 : aA
2. Muniyat al-Murid, p. 171
3. 41 / 73 ! J5.U2JJ JlAi .
4. Amali al-Saduq, p. 28, no. 4
5. 1 / 300 / 2 : jisdi .
6. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 300, no. 1
7. 362 saSJ-i i gj i .
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 362
9. 5634 : (*£4-1 jj- .
10. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 5634
n.9/381 : <3 u..
12. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 381, no. 9
13. 311 :
14. Alam al-Din, p. 311
15. 486 . .
16. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 486
278
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364 -
364. JOKING
1654 -
1654. THE PRAISED JOKING
*. La»- '/I JjSI Vj AjA (3i ■ aJp aUI A^ ^ .5791
5791. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'I joke but I do not speak other than the
truth.' 2
2, C_. yap Adu Jpbilj c AjJ A-pS A* jl.1 | aJTj aJp <U)I Aid .5792
5792. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'A believer is fun and playful, and a
hypocrite is grim and angry.' 4
<5)1 [J~p Jlii aJTj aJp <5)1 [J~p J.I »!/•' oil ; jJoijsU -cat .5793
Ail Jh i Atajj dA) : Lai c cACa $ axA jjA-Oj A , aJIj Ap
^ frlAJl ^pALiJl IjJ ! jL*j
5793. Tanbih al-Khawatir: ’An old woman came to the Prophet (SAWA)
and he said to her, 'Old people will not enter Heaven.' So she started to cry,
and he then said, 'At that time you will not be old, Allah Almighty has said,
“We have created them with a special creation, and made them virgins. ” 78
•A alaU j a~pi4i LA ^-yjp L\ A : fWJi Ap jSLJi .5794
9
5794. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Indeed Allah loves those who are
playful among people without obscenity.' 10
?l;Lp.i!l L>j '.Lii tSilpi Aj A) Cf° h* ! ^Y-Al Ap JAlAh ^L.^11 .5795
n.^>
5795. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Every single believer should have
playfulness in him.' [The narrator said] I asked, 'What is playfulness?' He
replied, 'Joking.' 12
LL^-xj apI-c* aa"" ■ ” ^aaJi ~ ^bAJi Ap js^lai .5796
J>--A Ah)j l jjfA Ly~^~ A* ApIoJJ oh t ^IjIaA bh , Jh <. JA ■ coA ? La*)
A -uj J>jr^ ApA aJ|j Ap A ^ oy**j dh"" ALlj t aAa (Jp jjjAJl A
14 « ^
5796. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) asked Yunus al-Shaybani, 'How much do you
jest around with each other?' I said, 'Little.' He said, 'This is not how it
should be, for playing is part of good character, and through that you bring
happiness to your brother, and the Messenger of Allah (SAWA) would jest
with people wanting to make them happy.' 15
279
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Notes
1. 330 / 6 : ^ .
2. Sharh Nahj al-Balagha li Ibn Abi al-Hadid, v. 6, p. 330
3. 49 ! .
4. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 49
5. 36 j 35 ! Jt .
6. 1 12 / 1 ! ^ •
7. Quran 5635, 36 1
8. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 1, p. 1 12
9. tjj t (716 / 2i ^ t 4 / 663 / 2 !
Q US') . .
10. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 663, no. 4
n.2/663/2 : jis2i .
12. Ibid. v. 2, p. 664, no. 2
13. 3"? ^ a® j bo 5b (jd . (375 / 1 . 0L«j)
47 / 58 / 1 . Jj5b>-5H pl<2o Qj t (j_u^ll ^jiwobfc Q a>- ^Lp .
14. 3 / 663 / 2 : JIS2I .
15. Ibid. v. 2, p. 663, no. 3
280
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365 - aii
365. SOVEREIGNTY
1656 - ali a>
1656. THE MASTER OF SOVEREIGNTY
iiAj tia (jjf aia tia a* aiai (3jj aia aa j*4hi J^)
*. (ja jp a<i ja-i ■iiai iia a* Jjjj
“Say, “O Allah, Master of all sovereignty ! You give sovereignty to
whomever You wish, and strip of sovereignty whomever you wish; You
make mighty whomever You wish, and you abase whomever You wish; all
good is in Your hand. Indeed You have power over all things. ” 2
2 , (j. v? <> ji aui fvj ij o ijisjai aa <413)
“To Allah belongs the kingdom of the Heavens and the earth, and
toward Allah is the destination. ” 4
*aa i - 'h p , 4J -5806
5. &\ Sft aLs n c
5806. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'The anger of Allah intensifies towards
he who claims that he is the king of the kings, as there is no king other than
Allah.' 6
a> :rwai ^ yp .5807
5807. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Every sovereign other than Him is himself
owned.' 8
Notes
1.26 . j Ji .
2. Quran 326 !
3. 42 : jj4i .
4. Quran 2442!
5.45244 : Judi ^ .
6. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 45244
7. 65 idaiM : apsui .
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 65
281
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1657 -
1657. MIXING WITH KINGS
oi oj^j S '. <uip yp .5808
„ ji , &
. ilj-i s- jjj t iijli
5808. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Do not visit kings too much, for if you
befriend them they will bore you, and if you advise them they will deceive
you.’ 2
, Alxdl jdjj y> i)i>4 ; aJp yip ^la(i .5809
5809. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Status with kings is the key to misfortune and
a seed for trial.' 4
Sj c Sj t jL>- aJp <3.21*211 »i«y .5810
5810. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'There is no neighbour for the sea, no
friend for a king, and no price for health.’ 6
.964 c-pL) ! jli2-L~!l (jiijl)
(See also: THE RULER: section 964)
Notes
1.10321 : r&u >.
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 10321
3.2184 :
4. Ibid. no. 2184
5.51 / 223 : jud-i.
6. al-Khisal, p. 223, no. 51
282
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1658 -
1658. THE BEST OF KINGS
(J-Util jjAl oL.1 aJp ^Ip »L**yi .5811
5811. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The greatest of kings is he who kills
oppression and revives justice.’ 2
3. j-udi Ixjj nh ji : rsLJi aJp yp fL.^i .5812
5812. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The noblest of kings is he who rules his own
self and spreads justice.’ 4
ACP .Jg-jLj Lc AlpjlJ A-C~aj 0-l- ^ : rsLJ! Adp ^P fiA/i .5813
" , LgJp a^>*A aj Ip a^p^]I ^
5813. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The wisest of kings is he who rules his own
self in favour of his subjects to the extent that they would have no argument
against him and rules on the people in a manner that his arguments are
established for them.’ 6
A»J^P Vu- .^y.1 : rsLJi aJp ^1p .5814
7
Aj Jjt!
pj
5814. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The king who has the best status is he who
during his time people have a good life, and he encompasses his subjects
with his justice.’ 8
c 2iVjJl \ (JL*2j- aJp- .5815
\ jjillj t SjAlj
5815. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’The best of kings is he who has been
given three features: affection, generosity, and justice.’ 10
Notes
1. 5005 : ^ j> .
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 5005
3. i 3206 ! (AdJ-l jJ-
4. Ibid. no. 3206
5. 3350 : j> .
6. Ibid. no. 3350.
7. 3261 ! (AdJ-t jj- .
8. Ibid. no. 3261
9. 319 ! .
10. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 319
283
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1659 - sijUii u
1659. WHAT IS APPROPRIATE FOR THE KINGS
' , O-UA <ji AdA y- : <uip yp ^lah .5816
5816. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A king is worthier of having mastery over
himself before [disciplining] his soldiers.' 2
t jlkJA A" iJ SLijl <ujjj iSsli a* ! Ap yp /tA) .5817
, OWJ] ^u5 AsJj. LoU- yL>-
5817. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Whoever makes his sovereignty subservient
to his religion, all rulers will submit to him. And whoever makes his religion
subservient to his sovereignty then all people will become greedy for it [i.e.
his sovereignty].’ 4
jiiii jJIpju ySy cjjtih yp dJUJ.i y w : r*AJi Up yp ^laji .5818
\ 4j^LA J jS-J Aiy dlil jAj C
5818. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’When a king builds on the foundations of
justice and bases [his rule] on the pillars of reason, then Allah will make his
followers victorious and will desert his enemies.’ 6
Notes
1. 4940 : j> .
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4940
3. 9017 j 9016 : j>.
4. Ibid. no. 9016-9017
5.4118 : yj-i j> .
6. Ibid. no. 4118
284
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366 - tf&Li
366. ANGELS
1660 - aaU-
1660. THE CREATION OF ANGELS
cjSLjJ aj^x>-I (Jjt SLAJ A^SSbiJl (J^L>- 3 cAjLiAJl jJsli a!)
1 ■ JA <&! 01 iLij Li jlAl <j Jjjj
“All praise belongs to Allah , originator of the Heavens and the earth,
maker of the angels [His] messengers, possessing wings, two, three or four
[of them ]. He adds to the creation whatever He wishes, Indeed Allah has
power over all things. ” 2
\ aS^jSLLI bn! jjfc*- Lt L* . aJTj AjIp ah! .5819
5819. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Nothing of what Allah created is more
[numerous] than the angels' 4
c aJIjLc^ 4jL>*^A jji>. f a2p ^Lp ^L.'yi .5820
t L^>-L>*i af bGj c AxSvjSG LjtJ — Xj UlL>- t Aj^SCli ^LfNl
5820. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He, Glory be to Him, then created for the
inhabiting of His skies and populating the higher strata of his realm a great
creation from among His angels. With them He filled the openings of its
cavities and populated with them the vastness of its circumference.' 6
2 . jjdl jjhc bill 01 ! ^bG-Jl aTp JGLvsJl .5821
5821. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah Almighty created the angels from
light.’8
LlOjG-OJl if All! aSsjSGJ L 0-l0 ^djlj ! ^W-d! A*lp JiUdl ^Lah/l .5822
aA-Cajj aA^COj OXL® Of] Oi f.Ld0Jl (3L®J C I (3 >!ja)! ■iLtP JlSO
9. lA ddla Lj-Sj h!) JLla hlj (j 5lj t
5822. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'By He who owns my soul, the number
of angels in the Heavens is more than the amount of sand on the earth, and
there is not even the space of a footstep in Heaven that does not have an
angel glorifying and sanctifying Him, nor is there a tree or a ground without
having an angel responsible for it.' 10
Notes
1. 1 ! Ja\i .
2. Quran 35 1 !
285
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3. 206 / 2 :
4. Tafsir al-Qummi: v 2 p 206
5. 91 0* .
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 91
7. 109 :
8. al-Ikhtisas, p. 109
9.7/ 176/59:^1 jU.
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 59, p. 176, no. 7
286
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1661 - vu£>
1661. THE DESCRIPTION OF THE ANGELS
i di> diZJJ- jjlpt jvi ! - ajL^> j - aJU- ^ ip ^LAll .5823
jlj t ij. : <> t ^ tiio> *4^5* t 24
t iJaif t A4* ‘ jj-4 Aoj (44^ (4 <■ uj4-»
^ jl t aJSj t 24 jv^xpiis 4 44
' , .4>l^_pi 24^
5823. Imam Ali (AS), describing angels said, 'They are the most
knowledgeable of Your creation about You, the most fearful of You and the
closest to You. They did not come from loins nor did they enter wombs;
they were not created from worthless liquid; they were not dispersed by
vicissitudes of time. They are on their places [distinct] from You and in
their positions near You. Their desires are concentrated in You. Their
worship for You is very much. Their neglect from Your command is little. If
they were to witness what remains hidden about You, they would belittle
their actions.' 2
t Sj tjjlsY 452*4-1 jl | j»“44i aJp 2SJ124I ^L«^n .5824
5824. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Angels do not eat or drink or copulate,
rather they subsist through the breeze of the Throne.' 4
Notes
1. 109 544- 1 ; As-'i Ui .
2. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 109
3. 206 / 2 ! ■
4. Tafsir al-Qummi, v. 2, p. 206
287
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1662 -
1662. THE GUARDIAN ANGELS
LlAJ Z^'jS-\ £.L>- 13] i<£^~ A ^ 'a^ jv^sJiP o^lA- (3J-^ 3^j)
' r*3
“He is the All-dominant over His servants, and He sends guards to
[protect] you. When death approaches anyone of you, Our messengers
take him away and they do not neglect [their duty ]. ” 2
4j2j Cjy. 4J) , 4] fk ^ aTp J3LJI ^La'yi .5825
f L^2j\s>- dAp £f~Z f i tlM ^j-a <4)1 ja\j \ - ^(.4)1 y* ! jy d <j lo a-C. djjldC
djUa^4 0lS3L« c jj^Laj.1 dj^jO-Aj dd^jj ‘CCj IjlA jjJajl £.l>- 13]
C)[A\jCZj jlgjL, djliajLsA 0lS3L«j c ^Tlb
5825. Imam al-Baqir (AS), with regard to Allah's verse in the Qur'an:
“He has guardian angels, to his front and his rear, who guard him by
Allah 's command” 5 , said, 'By the command of Allah he is protected from
falling into a well or from a wall falling onto him, or from being struck with
something, until the decree of Allah comes. They [i.e. the angels] leave him
alone it and pass him onto his decrees. They are two angels that protect him
in the night, and two angels following them that protect him in the day.' 6
tjLj)A ois&i : jis 7(od iiii- (Jap oij): ^ .5826
cajLlAJIj
5826. Tafsir al-Qummi: “Indeed, there are over you watchers.” 10 , The
two angels entrusted with man;”noble writers.” 11 , ’They write the good
deeds and the bad.
, 12
Notes
1. 61 : ruAi .
2. Quran 661 !
3. 11 : Jlp)I .
4. 16/ 179/59 \j\yH\j\A.
5. Quran 13 1 1 1
6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 59, p. 179, no. 16
7. 10 : jiw .
8. 11 : jikit .
9. 409 / 2 :
10. Quran 8210:
11. Quran 8211:
12. Tafsir al-Qummi, v. 2, p. 409
288
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289
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1663 - yJ) Oj2h
1663. HOUSES THAT ANGELS DO NOT ENTER
c L .JUd a2p ^Jd y^r ■ d a4p aWI aWI .5827
5827. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Gabriel (AS) came to me and said, 'O
Muhammad, how can we [angels] descend to your [people's] houses whilst
you do not brush your teeth, you do not purify yourselves with water after
excretion, and you do not wash your knuckles [of the dirt on them].' 3
v £i <, iii j y*j l : fbLJi Jp ^ySr jii : aJp jiui .5828
ddS"" Ad Ud Sfj . Ad JLj Ud L jLdl Ojjdf Ad Ld ^JA-U
5828. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Gabriel (AS) said, 'O Messenger of
Allah, we do not enter a house that has in it a picture of a human, nor a place
that one urinates in, nor a house that has a dog.' 5
Notes
1. / 1 . Atl^d] , b' JJ t33 d .Ajtdl
113).
2. 349 / 192 : u^yA jdji ■
3. Nawadir al-Rawandi, p. 30
4. 26 / 393 / 3 : jiAi .
5. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 393, no. 26
290
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367-OjS.l
367. DEATH
1664 - OjLi
1664. Death
(jjjLjl!! JjpUl y>j 1 ^S\jl ^Syl_Ul oluUj cpJxJI jjL-
“He, who created death and life that He may test you [to see ] which of
you is best in conduct. And He is the All-mighty, the All-forgiving 2
4J L> iSf c *uJaLS JJb cjU ! UTj aUp <Uil ^1 , ^ .Uil .5829
3 *1
■ /■" 3 J't
5829. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’When any of you dies, his
Resurrection has started; and he sees what good and bad he has
[accumulated].’ 4
, aUp Uil AXxj ^lp O'* 1 ^Up (J^'p .5830
5830. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Whoever dies in a certain state, Allah
will resurrect him as such.’ 6
\ ulii o>s. l : rsLJi Up fjs. .5831
5831. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’With death one’s life ends.’ 8
9. s^sji uu 03U : rsLJi Up ^Lp .5832
5832. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Death is the door to the Hereafter.’ 10
Up Uijj Ul \ gUi lU gi L. fi 0) ! ^bLUl 4Up JLUUl .5833
yiSj JjLLl cuslU I jj.Ujy lijlJ Uil IpJi l cpjJ.1
^ • A-v aUj o-Wj Ulj oUl ; «IU 01 U : . U PlSj t
US' ^Ji ljl-T o' ufp ! guu o^jii c <_ul j^p
‘Uj JU~s t gUp
5833. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’A group of the people of the past said to
their prophet, ’Pray to your Lord to take death away from us. He did so and
Allah took death away from them. They became so many that their houses
became crowded and their offspring became too many. A man had to feed
his father, mother and grandfather, and his great grandfather, and they had
to satisfy them and take care of them. They became too occupied to seek a
livelihood, so they said, ’Ask your Lord to return us to our previous state.
So, their Prophet asked his Lord and He returned them to their original
state.’ 13
291
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Notes
I. 2 : diiii .
2. Quran 672!
3.42123 : Ju-Ji js'.
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 42123
5.42721 :
6. Ibid. no. 42721
7. 156ida4-' !ipSUl gi .
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 156
9. 319 ! (4^-' .
10. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 319
I I. jJwal' l? . <<^4^ v a » Q) .
12. 4 / 401 : .
13. al-Tawhid, p. 401, no. 4
292
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1665 - Ojiu jdiJi
1665. HAVING CERTAINTY IN DEATH
^>olj jllil /^P £-p-j AilLajl jjijj lil$ CJjjjl AijlS a_» )
*■ (jjpAl ^LL* LJjJl olA-1 Aj jd -LA aA-1
“ Every soul shall taste death, and you will indeed be paid your full
rewards on the Day of Resurrection. Whoever is delivered from the Fire
and admitted to paradise has certainly succeeded. The life of this world is
nothing but the wares of delusion. ” 2
A* Ojh 01 £js) ! Ji*j" ij - aJp jelai .5834
t Cjlpld-Jl jAj /* c ^CSlI jAj t jAj /* t jAj | - -AdjSL* Ajli
O^-LcAo apI— . S ^-^A-t $.L>- lils) AE ^
5834. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with regard to Allah's verse in the Qur'an:
“Say, 'Indeed the death that you flee will indeed encounter you.” , said,
'Years are counted, then months, then days, then hours, then breaths “When
their time comes, they shall not defer it by a single hour nor shall they
advance it. ” 78
1-La adAj aj* aLA tj-uij GLd cjjlj A ! Jl a-1p ^Jlp i5835
/j pj L£f> J- j3j^ (.lij t jjAJl (J) p^jj ^ aJ) t jl—^Al
V) A-ip cAA . jA* aAS^ij A— A Al iA 4 yA t £_Aj ^
‘ _ - y3 * ” u
9
■ yGc-Jlj
5835. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'I have never seen a kind faith that comes with
certainty more resembling than the doubt of the human being. Every day he
entrusts bodies to the graves and goes to funeral processions, but he returns
to the delusion of the world, and he does not relinquish desires and sins. If
the poor son of Adam did not have a single sin to deviate him and no
reckoning to contemplate with than death that scatters his union, disunites
his congregation, orphans his children then it would be a must for him to be
cautious of what he is in with the greatest of exhaustion and hardship.' 10
L | - Ji aJp 1 acA oLLa’j ^jA - ^SA-Jl aJp 'jA- ^*ay i5836
L? Ad Ij i oLAJJ S OjAJJj t jLalLl S jAaliy t Aj-A! S oy>-SU A-LLA- A) Abl
Ajyjjj Sj C AjjLa A JiA c£.i!l CAyJ.1 -CjA d-Llj (. Sy>~S\ aAj jAj Ajtii
j—A" Ji c acJ. (JA- ^1p J-Lly AEfj-d jl j-A- ^1p aj* .ySo ^ dfj-A aJI Jj^j c aUA?
2-AL-aJ cjSdl&l Ji j-Jl ISA cd-di tjvj d-LLj Ajjdb AL-^aj ojA
5836. Imam Ali (AS), in his will to Imam al-Hasan (AS) said, 'My son,
know that you have been created for the next world and not for this world,
293
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and for annihilation and not to stay, for death and not for life; you are in a
transient place, a place which is a path to the Hereafter. You are running
away from death from which no one can run away from and which none of
its seekers can miss. It has to be experienced so beware lest it catches up
with you while you are in a bad state, while you were promising yourself to
repent for the sin, but it did not allow you to repent and it made you perish.'
oij 4 iJ jvLit 01 4 ibyJs jvit ; aJp yp .5837
13 ^ pi# $ a*** *
-#ptf
p
5837. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'You are running away from death. If you
resist it, it will take you, and if you run from it, it will catch you. It is more
stuck to you than your own shadow. Death is attached to your forelocks.' 14
Alii Aji lii v ljl: &\ ju- l. : .5838
5838. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah has not created certainty devoid of
doubt more similar to a doubt devoid of certainty like death.' 16
Notes
I. 185 . 1 Ap Ji .
2. Quran 3 1 85 !
3. 8 ! .
4. 34 : .
5. 44 / 262 / 3 : jisdi .
6. Quran 62”8
7. Quran 734!
8. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 262, no. 44
9. 40 / 137 / 6 : j\/i\ jU .
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 6, p. 137, no. 30
II. 31 ^1^1
12. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 31
13. 27^150' !a!YJI .
14. Ibid. Letter 37
15. 596 / 194 / 1 ! S .
16. al-Faqih, v. 1, P- 194, no. 596
294
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1666-^ o'j?'
1666. COMING CLOSE TO DEPARTING
Li c Jlil j ojhj jbil j iJ' lil : r*>LJl Up *Jip fL.}l .5839
5839. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'If you are leaving life behind you and death is
drawing forwards, then how quickly will you run into each other.' 2
\ iJLij >\^)\ : riu Up ^Ip >tyj\ .5840
5840. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Departure is imminent.' 4
OjJ.1 q* LLl p ! ^bUJl Up yp .5841
5841. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There is no absent thing closer [to us] than
death.’ 6
Notes
1. 29 UU
2. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 29
3. 187 UL-l ! ipbUl gjs .
4. Ibid. Saying 187
5.2/263/71
6. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 71, p. 263, no. 2
295
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1667 - Oyil
1667. INTERPRETATION OF DEATH
y^jUj ! ■ oyj.1 0> _ ^bUJl U p *5842
iLyly c ^cjlyj ' 4 4b'y y>^3 b (J^^t^^Aly c aX^jsj ^Jbbpiy .. y~i U6y t aU$ aU^J
C Ai^Jt JjU jjP JjhJly I Oy>-lj i_ jLj £-likS"" i JjjUi.1 U*^b 1 k— .STpl.1
, la ply c 4j' lj.1 ^yL^-ylycLgULUy .-plUl ^c^ylj Jl-L^Aly
5842. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS), when asked about death said, 'For a
believer, it is like taking off dirty clothes, undoing shackles and heavy
chains, and changing into the finest and most scented of clothes. It is the
smoothest of mountable animals and the most comforting of abodes. As for
the infidel, it is like taking off fine clothes, transferring from comfortable
abodes, and changing into the dirtiest and roughest of clothes, the most
terrifying of stations and the greatest of punishments.' 2
Oyj.1 ol/u J oi JAj J* U! - fbLJ! Up ^l£jl ^1 .5843
jjj ojVi^ j, 4 kvgj li j*4yd cyt lsU2j oi <? v?J.i jj& ojii ! ■
y~\ ytj t yS-lj yl o-U y>-T jySds ^ l_siUjy ‘ ^5
. ■■■ Oy^d AU^>- L_^lyj
5843. Imam al-Kazim (AS), when he visited a person immersed in the
pangs of death said, 'Death is the purifier which purifies the believers from
their sins, so it is the last pain that they are struck with as atonement for the
last wrongdoing left in them. For the infidels, death strips them of their good
deeds, so it is the last pleasure or leisure they will ever experience, and it
will be the last reward of a good deed for them ...' 4
(JJ-Ul ^ylll yA , ” Oy!>l yjP (). - ^UJl Up ilyU .5844
x P x P ^ f jj t^P ^ ^
b> ^yjLSl iUUa?1 A4yj ^ iS^J yjU C AaLjLSl ^yj UUj V U
J^jyy pylll (j Jb- UU^ C Ojji jilij L* <JlyA*ifl Ub-U y^y t oJJi Jilaj 'Z
5 A i ", ; 1 1 * . 1 1
5844. Imam al-Jawad (AS), when asked about death said, 'It is the sleep
that comes to you every night, however its period is long and none will
wake from it until the Day of Resurrection. So he who sees in his sleep
different kinds of happy states whose extent he cannot fathom and different
kinds of terrors he cannot fathom, then how does the happy and the
dismayed feel in death? This is death so prepare for it.' 6
Notes
1. 4 / 289 : jip^i .
2. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 289, no. 4
296
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3.6/289 : a1^-
4. Ibid. p. 289, no. 6
5.5 / 289 :
6. Ibid. p. 289, no. 5
297
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f.
1668 -
1668. THE DEATH OF A BELIEVER
\ (jdidJ pit li SdU Ijliil pk* bjjk 5JJ1)
“Those whom the angels take away while they are pure. They say [to
them], 'Peace be to you! Enter paradise because of what you used to do.” 2
2, aj laj .aJTj aJlp aui a^! .5845
5845. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Death is the basil of a believer.' 4
■ %jji , aJTj aJp awi .5846
5846. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Death is a gift for the believer.' 6
oLAi (j (jjjjtdJi jjji) i aJ^ (j - aJp -5847
7 , 1 .. ^ ft- LIpj l-UL^ t uu>jj3 -Up ol^-u-d 0^ ! -
5847. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with regard to Allah's verse in the Qur'an:
“For them is good news in the life of this world ” 9 , said, It is that these
two give them glad tidings of Heaven during their death, meaning
Muhammad and Ali (AS).' 10
? ii-USr Old”" ! " Ajl^-*2 j - rbLJl a4p U$Jl fL.}! .5848
! ? At-d o-Ud aISJ L« -A^j - ! cu^Ll ci..al 1
33.. aJL>- aj 3j-Uj Q c...d lil l a£plS L« , l 1-U-\A
5848. Imam al-Rida (AS), when visiting one of his sick companions,
asked, 'How are you?' He replied, 'I have met death after you!' referring to
the pain he had endured from his intense sickness', so he said, 'How did you
find it?' He said, 'Very painful.' He (AS) said, 'You have not met it, you
have only met what is warning you of it and it is introducing you to some of
its states...' 12
Notes
1. 32 ! .
2. Quran 1632!
3.42136 : Juuii >A.
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 42136
5.42110 : Juuii^r.
6. Ibid. no. 42110
7. 64 . .
8. 36 / 191 / 6 : jhAt
9. Quran 1064 !
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 6, p. 191, no. 36
11. 7 / 289 ! jUpY 3^° •
12. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 289, no. 7
298
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299
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1669 - cjjii
1669. REMEMBRANCE OF DEATH
L i t 0IHJ1 ^s""i i aJTj aJp aSii am .5849
L (jSL 1 ^ l)L L d^^Ll , (Jlji ) cL-iJJl Cclll (Jy— ■’J
IS* J,< J! j8 ,, tf
, tal-UCC* I AJ jL Ij
5849. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Increase the remembrance of the
demolisher of desires.' He was asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, what is the
demolisher of desires?' He said, 'Death, for the most sagacious of believers
are those who remember death the most and are the most prepared for it.' 2
Sfl ojS"i yK"f -Up -jfi Li t OjJ.1 yS3> IaJTj aJp J3s\ ^L? aS)I J y*j .5850
3. OjJ.1 aJp OJLj aLs Sil LsL
5850. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Increase your remembrance of death,
for any servant who increases its remembrance, Allah will revive his heart
and ease death for him.' 4
ja °jf\ i *d b : - rWJi aLp acA - aJp yp ^L^fi .5851
ac* dJ-li-1 -iij 3dLbb ^>- c a3) ca^LI Jj*j aLp L L L c Ojj.1 ^5*3
3 , lly^. aLj Lkbb t .iijjl a! oojAj iljJb-
5851. Imam Ali (AS) said to his son al-Hasan (AS), 'O son, increase your
remembrance of death, of that which overcomes it, and of that which you
will return to after death such that when it comes to you, you will have
taken heed of it and strengthened yourself for it, and you will not let it
overcome you by surprise so that it overpowers you.' 7
i (j cpjj.1 JA ! ^bL~jl aJp JHAJl ,5852
jb *gilajj ^b(p) t . »-Jg]l c Alll JpljP LLall t aJjLJI cPjL*
8. j|% ‘ t^jA
5852. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’The remembrance of death kills the
desires in the self and uproots the sources of inattentiveness. It strengthens
the heart about Allah's promises, softens one's attitude, breaks the pillars of
inclinations, extinguishes the fire of greed, and it degrades the world.' 9
ojli A) jssl l aju 5 ojj.i jTi ij^rt : aJp iiLaJi ^Lsfi .5853
10. lIji j Iaj Sfi 5lji
5853. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Increase in the remembrance of death,
for no sooner does a person increase his remembrance of death than he
abstains from the world.' 11
L-As Sj ‘dTL*i j dJp)-*2^ JS”il ! ^bLJl aJp ^LSh .5854
12
A tdiAc
300
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5854. Imam al-Hadi (AS) said, 'Remember your death in front of your
family; when there will be no doctor to prevent it from you and no beloved
to help you.' 13
Notes
I. 3/ 167/82 obAi j\a.
2. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 82, p. 167, no. 3
3.42105 : Judies'.
4. Kanz al- TJmmal, no. 42105
5. °Lr*) (205 / 77) ! (j» .
6.31
7. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 31
8.32 / 133/6 : jiySi jU .
9. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 6, p. 133, no. 32
10. 3 / 168 / 82 : yySt jU .
II. Ibid. v. 82, p. 168, no. 3
12.4/370/78
13. Ibid. v. 78, p. 370, no. 4
301
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1670 - .U
1670. PREPARING FOR DEATH
*. (j OjJ»l cAbj' . aJTj aJp auI Aid .5855
5855. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever anticipates death will hasten
to do good deeds.' 2
lays C Jjh 'j-UeLh , a3p “^ip .5856
, ... 1 1 aJ Li I —\j , ii i lo w\J I i ' 1 I a^dp^ i. ' . ^ ■ Li
5856. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Prepare for death for it overshadows you, and
be a group who when it screams at them they awaken, and know that the
world is not their abode and therefore they have exchanged it [for the
Hereafter]...' 4
^3 aJ jjcL~j o' ^*11 (A o[ ; aJp ^)p ^L«h!i .5857
2, OiLiJc O'
5857. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’When there is something that you do not
know when it will take you by surprise, then you must prepare yourself for
it before it covers you over.’ 6
s japj A^ujj j pi s' ^yzJLj aj' isj. ,jJ» eu^p ; aOp yp ,5858
2 ! o id hi
5858. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’I am surprised at the one who sees that his
lifespan and his breaths are decreasing every day but still does not prepare
for death.’ 8
t aJjJA aJ C Aj^^lpJ OjJ.' : fsLJ' aOp yp .5859
jj e
-Ip'j
5859. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Get ready for death and its difficulties, plan
for it before it comes, and prepare for it before it descends.’ 10
' ' . aLs-' 1 -ip -ip (5^ dujj.' jjj' Lo ; aJp yp .5860
5860. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who counts tomorrow as another of his
days has not given death its true recognition.' 12
t tiit : - ojpJJ itjui-Ni jp u - fSLJi Adp ^Lp .5861
. aJp epjJ.' Oji.' Jp (jldh! jP t ^»)L$lJ.' Jp JlpaiA'j c
aAp OjJ.' pp oi' (_jip i JLh (j,' ^Lol* caU'j
5861. Imam Ali (AS), when asked about preparing for death, said, '[It is
to] Fulfil obligations, refrain from the forbidden and adopt good moral
traits, and then to not care whether one should fall onto death or death
should fall onto him. By Allah, the son of Abu Talib is not concerned
whether he falls onto death or death falls onto him.’ 14
tbi
302
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Notes
1.7/171/77 j\a.
2. Ibid. v. 77, p. 171, no. 7
3. 64 s-ki-i : .
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 64
5. 3468 ! jJ- .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3468
7. 6253 : j> .
8. Ibid. no. 6253
9. 190 ! ic-5Ul .
10. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 190
n.30/259/3 : ji&i.
12. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 259, no. 30
13. 173 / 172 ! gu"ilt .
14. Amali al-Saduq, p. 97, no. 8
303
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1671 - o£t $
1671. WISHING FOR DEATH
. aj jy ^ ^ ,£^ij ^dp ^ ^ ‘-^■'■’j >5862
4, *\jy~ oli^Jl cdlS"" 13] ^ el t f!r*~ oAkl ceJlS"" L* jL^JJl ■ (JJLLh *ApL3 Jj^j
i
5862. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’None of you should pray for death if
harm afflicts him, rather he should say, '0 Allah, keep me alive as long as
life is good for me, and take me away when death is better for me.' 2
jjd ij\ hh Oji.1 idAi-l , aJTj a4p .4)1 *5863
5863. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'None of you should wish for death unless
they have trust in [the goodness of] their actions.' 4
Lb«J Laj dJjj.1 A3 gjjL>dJ “ 4dp *5864
(JshJ ^>jAj c^y.\ y^> t
5864. Imam Ali (AS) said to Harith al-Hamdani, 'Increase the
remembrance of death and what comes after death, and do not wish for
death without [having fulfilled] the strong condition.' 6
4j(yj Aill uy.j ! ” ce^Ll ,J4jJ - a4p jJJilSiJl ^L«3/l *5865
■ 3/ , 3^ ^1p AA Lgiu-ii c~> LdA- 23) ! 3^ ■ 3/ ! 3^ ? Ll 2XjL4
7! j#i iisu iii cjU : ju
5865. Imam al-Kazim (AS), said to a man who wished to die, 'Is there a
kinship between you and Allah as a result of which He will be partial to you
in it [i.e. death]?' He said, 'No.' The Imam then asked, 'So, do you have good
deeds that you have done that exceed your bad deeds?' He said, 'No.' The
Imam said, 'Therefore, you are wishing for the ultimate ruin!' 8
Notes
1.54/257/4 :
2. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 4, p. 257. no. 54
3.42153 : judi .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 42153
5. 69 .
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 69
7. 42 / 3 : udi udA .
8. Kashf al-Ghamma, v. 3, p. 42
304
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1672 - ojSwi
1672. THE AGONY OF DEATH
* . (_U£ 4U* LluS" Li iiJJi JjAb UUyiJl OjjSw UUjL-j)
“Then the agony of death brings the truth: 'This is what you used to
shun!” 2
.94 - 83 : 27 : au j 97 : *l-Ji [j&\)
(See also: Qur’an 4:97, 47:27, 56:83-94)
('(Awl aJ| ^ )) ,aJTj AaIp aJ}I A^l (J
(jUg^xJl ijjj C J-LP 0^ C <uS^-lj
OjU dlb :LuL*4J ! o-CL aj . c-J 2JL -Up ^jA Oy3\j L* e-jjil
^ilij ^>- La AJ ) -Up tj— a ^3^- 7 ■ o-Lj ai « oa--JL aj^L5 cJdi -uri
3- 4W ^ 4^ 5^
5866. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Attend to the people who are about to
die and dictate to them [the phrase]: La ilaha illallah (There is no god but
Allah), and give them glad tidings of Heaven, for even the most forbearant
of men and women become perplexed at that instant, and Satan comes as
close as he can get to the children of Adam in that state. By He who owns
my soul! Seeing the angel of death is more severe than being hit one
thousand times by a sword. By He who owns my soul! The soul of a servant
will not exit from the world until every vein in him feels pain.' 4
j*uh L OjJ.1 ,j y JjL L*j jLSLjLJI jt jJ ! aJTj aJp <4)1 ^ Jy— y <5867
4 ! Luc" L^u* pjdS" I L« t
5867. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'If the animals knew about death what
you know, you would never be able to eat the fat of them [due to their
abstinence from the world].' 6
4. a. .a j i3yUU-J jl ^y> ^ai\ crijLiJ j[ ! Jl aJp yp ^L*hf! *5868
, LjjJl J^pp :
5868. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Death has difficulties that are more terrible
than can ever be described or be comprehended by the intellects of the
people of the world.' 8
Notes
t.19 : <3.
2. Quran 5019:
3.42158 : Juuf y£ .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 42158
305
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5. 1011 / 453 :
6. Amali al-Saduq, p. 453, no. 101 1
7. 221 5Ja4-t : ^5 Ut .
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 221
306
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1673 - Ojll aa\j£a Ip
1673. THE REASON FOR [MAN'S] DESPISAL OF DEATH
dJJi , - ojJ»i xk\j$ aIp aJlc. “ dTj aJlp aui .5869
*. Ojj.1 h! f j/o-* I A ijli ? ix^-db 1 Jls . jvij \ jli ? JU
5869. The Prophet (SAWA) said to a person who asked him about the
reason for [man's] despisal of death. 'Do you have wealth?’ He said, 'Yes.'
The Prophet said, 'And have you given it away [before death should
overtake you]?' He said, 'No.' The Prophet said, 'This is why you do not like
death.' 2
f c ~ <uip .5870
2, /jA aIjLJI t j»5Tj.S
5870. Imam al-Hasan (AS), in answer to a person about the reason for
hating death, said, 'Because you have wrecked your Hereafter and built your
world, and you hate to move from a constructed place to a demolished
place.' 4
Notes
1. 47 / 13 ! jUai-i .
2. al-Khisal, p. 13, no. 47
3. 29 / 390 : .
4. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 390, no. 29
307
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1674 - j a«jS!Ij aJ|j <u!p <uii L ^ j^lli <3^*
1674. THE APPEARANCE OF THE PROPHET AND THE
Imams TO A DYING PERSON
,j-»y t UU-A AjIjJ -Up /^Jpj C/“ ■ (“TC-Jl A-Jp ^da'A "5871
* , ojAj CU-j£ Aj Lt -Up J^Jpy 1
5871. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Whoever loves me will find me when they
die as they loved me, and whoever hates me will see me when they die as
they hated me.'"
? 5^j j4 cj*P ^ ^ U - rsUi aJp .5872
\ C-yld d-dL« aJ JyJks c d-dd -Up apjJ ; 13 ' CAyJd dALa obi 13) aj) c aAj ^ j “
d-dip JjjJ-aiy d-d JJj) b*3 aJTj aJp aA i-Uds^ d—*J (_£jjly3 C ^ aA)I ^Jy Lj
aJ I j aAp aA)I awI aJ ! Jli , JhiU d-dp t .dy42p yl -dly
IdjSs , a) (JULs Jl jv^-Jp A-ad^ly Alj Lju^ll yLalj
^ - *
\ (_JjluJ.L) JSypJjlj APjJ (JS^L-al yA Adi d— pI da-® 11 ' “\}dsij ■■■ J (Jy-aj
5872. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when asked, 'Does a believer hate it when his
soul is being taken?', said, 'By Allah no, when the angel of death comes to
him to take his soul he will be anguished and the angel of death will say, 'O
friend of Allah, do not worry, because by He who sent Muhammad
(SAWA) I am more compassionate and caring for you than a merciful father
if he was to be with you. Open your eyes and see.' He said, 'And the
Messenger of Allah, the Commander of the Faithful, Fatima, Hasan and
Husayn and the Imams after him will all appear and it will be said to him,
'This is the Messenger of Allah and.. ..your friends. ..and there will be
nothing more beloved to this person than for his soul to leave and meet the
caller.' 4
Nt idi-uA ^kj> us Jiji iji u : A—ip fiDfi .5873
C Oy — )y Oy^^— 9 ^^C^dl , .Aly ^ I Oj ■ ayi.jy-A ly aJ ly a2P" aXI ^ d— .A? A^jl Jy— ay
.oyy^-j d— .A dd Jlya y^P d C" 0)y
'^1-UdA d-ylA ^*A-dl aAp duayi.1 yyal Jyi d-d3 ^1p i)Jd-dly
A *A1® Jj3d-a yl ^j-AyA C—C JyA jU> yip L
Notes
1. 203 / 86 ! u®j!i j»tAi AJU>x-aj2 .
2. Sahifa al-Imam al-Rida (AS), p. 86, no. 203
3. 2 / 127 / 3 : jisdi .
4. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 127, no. 2
308
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5. 265 / 2 ! .
309
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1675 -
1675. SUDDEN DEATH
C CLJ tl)| ■ a4p (J .5874
*■
5874. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Sudden death is ease for the believer
and a regretful overtaking for the disbeliever. 2
c djy# , a]\^ ^As- 4^1 .5875
3- J *
5875. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Sudden death is ease for the believers
and a source of anger for the disbelievers.’ 4
4 fdl ^Aj2j 4^-Ltdl , a}\^ aAp (J .5876
5. sUJji
5876. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Among the portents of the Hour are
the spread of semiparalysis and sudden death.’ 6
Notes
t.5/112/3 : jisd.
2. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 1 12, no. 5
3. 42775 ! y£A .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 42775
5.39/261 13 : jisdi.
6. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 261, no. 39
310
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1676 -
1676. ATTENDING FUNERAL PROCESSIONS
aa. y* 4 AbAiij y aAp aA ai .5877
i , o^ia- ** -a- 5A® 7^
5877. The Prophet (SAWA) said, Travel [i.e. walk] two years [in
distance] to do good to your parents, travel one year to reconcile with your
kin, travel a mile [in distance] to visit a sick person, and travel two miles [in
distance] to attend a funeral procession.’ 2
: 1 1 . a . -o ^ i 1 1 ^.^sAp i, ^^^\Ap , aJ aAp .uii 1 aw! .5878
3
5878. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’You must walk quietly, and in
deliberation when walking in your funeral processions.’ 4
t aj lY aAp ojlA- 13] aJ|j aAp aw! a! OiA" ■ caI^pAI .5879
^ c Ao-c>- yiS7j
5879. It is narrated in al-Daawat: When the Prophet (SAWA) followed a
funeral procession, grief would overcome him and he would increase in
speaking to his own self, and lessen his talking. 6
2, aJjIA- yy JAtj aj AAA A JjI ! ^“AAl Ap JSjLAI .5880
5880. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’The first gift that a believer is able to
bestow [others after his death] is that those who follow his funeral
procession are forgiven.’ 8
AJy: cAj.1 6ly-l ot o2).l AA ] aAp jjUAI ^L-Nt .5881
aJjLA
5881. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'It is a must for the guardians of the
corpse to inform the brothers of the deceased person of his death so that
they can attend his funeral and perform the prayers for him, so that they may
be rewarded on account of him and the deceased person will be forgiven.’ 10
.887 a_A ‘ (r'j>7' (j^O
(See also: MARRIAGE: section 887)
Notes
1. 29 / 92 ! jjsi^Ji .
2. Nawadir al-Rawandi, p. 5
3. 827 / 383 : jiAt .
4. Amali al-Saduq, p. 383, no. 827
5. 736 / 259 : oiyAi .
6. al-Daawat, p. 259, no. 736
311
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7. 3 / 173 / 3 : jisOi .
8. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 173, no. 3
9. 1 / 301 : Jip .
10. Hal al-Sharai, p. 301, no. 1
312
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1677 - of'
1677. BURRYING THE DEAD
opi (j hh ji&lsi Jji' ^4' iu i aJTj aJp aSii 4 Jj— y >5882
i
5882. The Prophet (SAW A) said, ’If a person dies at the beginning of the
day then he should not spend that night anywhere other than in his grave.’ 2
2. ijjji ji jail : aJTj aJp aSii i_?4 4 <5883
5883. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Do not bury your dead in the night
unless you are compelled to.’ 4
(j ^ 4) ! aJTj aJp auI i5884
5 A~s* >
, 4j u2j>-
5884. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’The most merciful Allah is towards
His servant is when he is put in the hole of his grave.’ 6
A aJ ly aAp aw! awI ljy«l , aAp i5885
^ Aj (^314) UT sytdSl Oy3hj ^jyj.1 013 i £y3 h..Afl
5885. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The Messenger of Allah (SAWA) ordered us
to bury our dead in the midst of righteous people, for the dead are hurt by
evil neighbours in the same way that living people are.’ 8
Notes
t.2/138/3 : jiAi.
2. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 138, no. 2
3.42385 : Judi A.
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 42385
5.42386 : Jtsdi .
6. Ibid. no. 42386
7.42916 : Judi yg .
8. Ibid. no. 42916
313
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1678 - Ojli Jjtj u
1678. WHAT FOLLOWS A PERSON AFTER HIS DEATH
c a1j_pj aJL«j aIa! , aj“A cuA ' dTj a4p Aill aUI i5886
^ , aL^ c aJL«j aIa! ^L«jj Ohh
5886. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Three things follow a dead person: his
family, his wealth and his actions. Two go back and one stays: his family
and wealth go back and his actions stay [with him].’ 2
(. 4J jjj , Ajlij ^yis>x^ A a4p JjsLAl i .5887
^_a lj£ “iAjj AjA j C 0^4 C— f.L« Ai-Cb^J C AAyc C Ajjh4
3. o-Uj
5887. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Six things benefit a person after he
passes away: a child who seeks forgiveness for him, a copy of the Qur'an
which he leaves behind, a plant that he planted, water that he donated in
charity, a well that he had dug, and a tradition that others take from him and
[practise] after him.' 4
.1394 .—A ! i 1*1.1 L. 986 A ! acAi t 1383 a_a ! (jAh)
(See also: ACTION: section 1383; HABITIUAL PRACTICE: section 986;
RESURRECTION: section 1394)
Notes
1.42761 : Judies'.
2. Ibid. no. 42761
3. 555 / 185 / 1 ! S Cr“ ■
4. al-Faqih, v. 1, p. 185, no. 555
314
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368 - JU.I
368. WEALTH
1679 - Jill
1679. WEALTH IS THE SUBSTANCE OF DESIRES
* . ("^ I 1 1 y -Up
cutAlUJl cuUilJlj LJ-dl ollAl *uj) (JlxJl)
“ Wealth and children are an adornment of the life of this world, but
lasting righteous deeds are better with your Lord in reward and better in
hope.” 2
c 014*” ^ l^-l^ I jUjjJl 0) ■ 4) ^l-1p 4Xl i J—o .5888
3. 1>J
5888. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Dinars and dirhams ruined those
before you and will ruin you too.' 4
JL. jil—j jjJ ! 3)1 Ut! jLkj-iJl Jli ) aJTj 4-1p 3)1 3)1 i5889
t 4jhu j^p (3 c 4_L>- j^p ^4 o-L^-i ! /y$ uJlp j-XpI (_£-u>4 j/4 Jill
5
5889. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Satan, may Allah curse him, said, ’The
owner of wealth will not be safe from me in three things that I will
overcome him with and leave thereafter: his acquisition of it from unlawful
places, his spending it in its unrightful place, and I will make him love it so
much that he will deprive it to its rightful due.’ 6
7.o!^Aji Hi* jiii : fbLJi Up *Jip ^L»sfi .5890
5890. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Wealth is the substance of desires.' 8
9. jiAii jm : rwui aJp ^Lp fiui .5891
5891. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Money strengthens expectations.' 10
Notes
1 . 46 . .
2. Quran 1846!
3.6/316/2 : jiU.
4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 316, no. 6
5. 68 / 182 / 4 : — ^3' ■
6. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 4, p. 182, no. 68
7. 58 UU Jb %
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 58
9. 577 ! j*sC=u jj. .
10. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 577
315
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316
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1680 - Jill C±
1680. THE EFFECTS OF LOVING WEALTH
\ (fe b- juji 'jjij)
“ And you love wealth with much fondness. ” 2
i Lj-di ^ aJlp .5892
3-
5892. Prophet Jesus (AS) said, 'Do not look at the wealth of the people of
this world, for the glitter of their wealth will take away the light of your
faith.’ 4
5. jt/yi t jui jiii : Up fjjz f^\ .5893
5893. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Wealth corrupts the ultimate goal and
heightens one's expectations.' 6
< cjiii dj- : rsLJi aUp ^Lp .5894
5894. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The love of wealth weakens one's religion
and corrupts one's conviction.' 8
Notes
1. 20 : .
2. Quran 8920:
3. 328 / 7 : .
4. al-Mahajjat al-Bayda?, v. 7, p. 328
5. 1427 : (UU-i jj- .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1427
7. 4876 : j> .
8. Ibid. no. 4876
317
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1681 - ja Jill dJ-
1681. LOVE FOR LAWFUL WEALTH
ja;)J Jill ^xj , aJTj aJl p aui ^ <J y^j .5895
5895. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Blessed is the righteous wealth for a
righteous man.' 2
3. 3jjp ij Jiillj t 3ir*^ <j aTp ^Lp ^L.^1! .5896
5896. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Richness in a foreign place is like one's
homeland, and poverty in one's homeland is like being a foreigner in it...' 4
5. ojjjj (iii jm ju^i : rbLJi Adp ^jjbhdi ^ .5897
5897. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, 'Utilising wealth completes
gallantry.' 6
c Jsu- q* Jiii 3a~ ■yJp ^l.vi -5898
7 ^ ^ £ A,
■ ‘^‘*7) ^ ^ a^-J aj
5898. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'There is no good in he who does not
love to earn lawful wealth with which he can protect his honour, repay his
debts and maintain relations with his kin.’ 8
Notes
1.158/1 ! A 'jA ; aa •
2. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 1, p. 158
3. 56 , Ap*)td ,
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 56
5. 12/20 / 1 : jisdi.
6. al-Kafi, v. 1, p. 20, no. 12
7. 5 / 72 / 5 : jisdi .
8. Ibid. v. 5, p. 72, no. 5
318
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1682 - Jilt f*
1682. REPROACHING OF EXCESSIVE WEALTH
' , (.*41 A-J a4 ftrf* (3 7j £W2jlSIj C— ji»4l 4j)J4nj 3g“4[)
“Those who treasure up gold and silver, and do not spend it in the way
of Alla, inform them of a painful punishment .” 2
! 20 ! -b-bUj 34 ! 18 ! £;L4.ij 82 t 76 ! (4^0
.35 ■ 88 ! ^j69
(See also: Qur'an 28:76, 28:82, 70:18, 18:34, 77:20, 9:69, 10:88, 34:35)
1 aJp ^>-lj ■ ^^-<-*dl <u!p JbUaJl ^L«*yi >5899
i 'so
■J Jill ou $ Jill s^xSvj ijj>“i ,,,
5899. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) narrated, 'In an intimate conversation that
Allah had with Prophet Moses (AS), He said, 'Do not envy anyone for
having excessive wealth, for with excessive wealth sins increase in
[trespassing] obligatory rights.' 4
^is~\ c fsuiS\ ,(52l L* , 4lj a4p a4 ^ j .5900
5. (^Up
5900. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'I do not fear poverty for you, but I fear
you vying in your excessive wealth.’ 6
2 . Ajjj-Ul AjjJJL!! Jill ifS' ! ^bL-4l a4p iLa^l .5901
5901. Imam Ali (AS) said, Too much wealth corrupts the hearts and
produces sins.' 8
aJlp jJ fj i a} 2-4" 24 1 j] 24 La ; ^*>L4l a4p 4—4-1 ^L»Y .5902
10 ! 9 2iTb jf jJ 453 c 2lip S S3 u
5902. Imam Husayn (AS) said, 'Your wealth is such that if you do not
control it, it will control you, so do not save any of it for it will not stay for
you. Consume it before it consumes you.' 11
<US
lAi-l o-iii- Y is Jfj jLa Jf La ; fbL4l Up /5A44I fL.)ll .5903
j-L ^2jsj ! 34 ? 42 ! ^ 3444 ,*44—21 L^^jtjJj j! ^"j-4 24 t aAp g,LxJ
(*44iji yt ! 0^5^
5903. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Whenever one's wealth increases,
Allah's evidence against him increases. So, if you are able to push it away
from yourselves then do so. He was asked, 'How?' He replied, 'By fulfilling
the needs of your brothers from your wealth.' 13
i Jill 4S 2 AjjS-ji i_24i c— ii ! ^*A-4l a4p J4424 ^La'yi .5904
319
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5904. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'I sought after comfort of my heart and I
found it in having little wealth.' 15
c dl aJlp .5905
o)>-syi Li-dl jlidj t 1 ‘ Jklj
5905. Imam al-Rida (AS) said, 'Wealth can only be gathered through five
means: through intense miserliness, high expectation, overcoming greed,
cutting of kinship, and preferring this world over the Hereafter.' 17
Notes
1. 34 ! .
2. Quran 934!
3.21 / 135/2 : ji^t.
4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 135, no. 21
5.6139 :
6. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 6139
7.7109 : j> .
8. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 7109
9. 24 : syO sjjJi .
10. 0' -Ubp! l Uy S 0' <u 1 Q .
11. al-Durra al-Bahira, p. 24
12. 600 / 302 : ^ku jiAt .
13. Amali al-Tusi, p. 302, no. 600
14. 13810 / 174 / 12 ! .
15. Mustadrak al-Wasa?il, v. 12, p. 174, no. 13810
16. 29/282 : JuH-i.
17. al-Khisal, p. 282, no. 29
320
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1683 - 4^ ^ J»
1683. HE WHO ACQUIRES WEALTH FROM
ILLEGITIMATE SOURCES
iul oyki\ aL>- ys- y» SfL. y* ! aJTj aJp Aiil .5906
5906. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah will empoverish whoever
acquires wealth from an illegitimate source.' 2
aSii J14 ^ Jih c~ass3 £ji\ y* JLj ^ y> \ aJTj aJp aSii &\ .5907
2, jUl aJlSoI y\ y>
5907. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'He who does not care whence he
acquires wealth, Allah will not care whence He will make him enter Hell.' 4
yS> (3 aJ L>- y£- y) S' A ^ : rsLJi aJp yp fi-vi .5908
5
5908. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who acquires wealth from an unlawful
source will spend it in a place where he will have no recompense thereof.' 6
iUi Up Ik aL y. Sfu c-U' ji : a> .5909
5909. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'He who acquires wealth from
illegitimate sources, the building, the soil and the water [of those places]
will reign over him.' 89
l0. JjP: aJ os.l£ fji- yxJ Jill ilkls y> \ aJp- .5910
5910. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'He who acquires wealth unrightfully
will be rightfully prevented from keeping it.' 11
. «Jb'Al» 113 jljAP (jli j\)
(See also: THE LAWFUL 113)
Notes
1.306/ 182 : jiAi.
2. Amali al-Tusi, p. 182, no. 306
3.63/ 13 / 103:^1 M.
4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 103, p. 13, no. 63
5. 94 : J_a^' ap .
6. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 94
7. 2528 / 445 / 2 : ^iA .
8. al-Mahasin, v. 2, p. 455, no. 2528
9. Meaning he will be caught up with useless and sometimes harmful construction and
building.
10. 321 : Jaa ^ap .
321
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11. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 321
322
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1684 - Jbrjli alit u Jill
1684. WEALTH IS WHAT BENEFITS MEN
ecu ; ddiL* (j eJJ oi . aJTj Up aui u .5911
0 Of O' c • Uv. v I OL^
5911. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'You are three partners in your wealth:
you, your losses, and your heir, so if you can try not to be the weakest of
them then do so.' 2
! ■ f-5! (0^ JjA I 4*ip Jj-^o "5912
jl c cUSh L* Y 231 jJa? c Oj^2 OJhy.' OtS^ Uw^-
Of O' ^Jjipli C Up 0^3 W« Lhj 4j La| ! V ■ J ■ 0 C^3-0^j ji t cUj li c^U
2. dJlta 233) UU' .ii^P (Jta 0^32
5912. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’The son of Adam says: ’My property,
my property! My wealth, my wealth!’ - O poor man! Where were you when
there was property but not you, and do you possess anything other than what
you eat and emit, or wear and wear out, or did you donate so it stayed?!
Either you will be had mercy on as a result of it [i.e. your wealth] or
punished on account of it. So, beware lest that wealth which is not yours be
more beloved to you than your own wealth.’ 4
5. siit l. Jiii : fbLJi Up ^p .5913
5913. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Wealth is what benefits men.’ 6
7. AJ L. 4L4 J C SJai L. i^U f/S Jill : (•SLJ' Up ^p .5914
5914. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Wealth honours its owner as long as he
spends it and it humiliates him where he is miserly with it.’ 8
^ygall i23j)j)jU j-tl j Jill Up ^p ^L*hf' .5915
9.
5915. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Hold onto wealth according to your need of
it, and put the rest away for a day you will need it.’ 10
cJjjiiU 4j cUUSj t yx]\ A) L* Jill ^P2-3' ! ^*AU' Up r^P ^L»hf' .5916
1 1
5916. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The best of wealth is that with which one’s
dignity is guarded and that through which one’s rights are fulfilled.’ 12
13. 23yAU- Jp lijLpt U 23J> : fbLJ' Up ^1p ^L-Nl .5917
5917. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The best of your wealth is that which helps
you with your needs.’ 14
323
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jiyyi ^ oJu &\ j^Uapl tii :rsLJ aJp ^l.^1 .5918
5918. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah gave you this excess in wealth in
order that you may use it according to how Allah Almighty would like, and
He did not give it to you in order for you to store it away.' 16
17. _guo ^ jb> y. : fsLJ! Jp u>jj! ^ i .5919
5919. Imam Ali al-Rida (AS) said, 'The best wealth of a person is what
he reserves for charity.' 18
Notes
1. 16147 : Judi
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 16147
3.17/356/71 : jijrtiji*.
4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 71, p. 356, no. 17
5. 508 : pAJ-l j> .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 508
7.1838 : r<^>.
8. Ibid. no. 1838
9. 21 ^bsdt : .
10. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 21
n.60/7/78
12. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 7, no. 60
13.70/ 12/78 : jiySi jU.
14. Ibid. v. 78, p. 12, no. 70
15. 1693 / 57 / 2 ! AjiiJt S ._>bsf .
16. al-Faqih, v. 2, p. 57, no. 1693
17. 182/2 : .
18. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 182
324
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369 -
369. PROPHETHOOD (1)
General Prophethood
1685 - 3j4lh 1 kJi
1685. THE PHILOSOPHY OF PROPHETHOOD
1. Perfection
- ? Lz\ jjf ^ :sJL jjoijU - Up .5920
ijJJi olSj c ^L>- L« u^3 IxjLv^ ULiL>- LJ jl Lu^Jl iJLi Ijj |
t C C Aj lL>- 0 J^Lio jl J*£ jl LJlxli L»^SC>-
J}^ ' $ & ' 9. *
^ip c o-^Lpj aJLL>- AAP Ojjyd aJLIP- aJ <1)1 cAj t oA-
1 . (V^jLd aS^J (Jj (V*jLaj Aj L»j t
5920. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said to an atheist who asked him, 'Wherefore
did you establish the [need for and existence of] prophets?' 'When we
established that we have a Creator and Maker, supreme over us and over all
that He created, and that this Maker is so Wise and Supreme that His
creation cannot see Him or touch Him, like they can mutually see each other
and contend with each other, it hence becomes established that He has
ambassadors among His creation who speak on His behalf to His creation
and servants. They guide creation to their advantages and benefits, and to
that which will secure their survival and the abandonment of which will
destroy them.' 2
^ t
2 - c~.fr (ylah {jt ilajl
2. Saving Mankind from the Rule of Tyrants
a))I ( ,1 - a a))1 U-Cpl o! SjAj A_ai ^jS"" if Lj>J jJjjj)
a31p aAA" A aJsOs!^ aJp c.. a~>-
“Certainly We raised an apostle in every nation [to preach:] 'Worship
Allah, and keep away from the Rebel.' Then among them were some
whom Allah guided, and among them were some who deserved to be in
error. So travel over the land and then observe how was the fate of the
deniers. ” 4
325
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<uip i jjl£- e^jtj £ijLj 4^1 o| : aAp «5921
Apli^ ^yej C <*» ^ g P 0.iL^P ^ g P \if*3 ^ Ajol^p O-iL^P O-iL^P O-iL^P J (J^AL)
^ g,) o^Lp 4j^J er*-? ^ ‘CXpU^ ^J,) o^Lp
5921. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Allah, Blessed and most High, sent
Muhammad (SAWA) with the truth to bring out His servants from
worshipping His creatures into worshipping Him, from the covenants made
with His creatures to His covenants, from obedience to His creatures to
obedience to Him, and from being under the rule of His creatures to His
rule.' 6
3 - <lSjj
3. Purifying Morals
jlfilkjj 4JIA p^lip jIij <j duV j-*)
7. (uA“ JSO’ (_SA3 ff jj> IjJlS" S^ixAlj
“It is He who sent to the unled [people] an apostle from among
themselves, to recite to them His signs, to purify them, and to teach them
the Book and wisdom, and earlier they had indeed been in manifest
error. ” 8
\ ■ 4Tj aJp ad *)d .5922
5922. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'I was sent to complete the noble
morals virtues.’ 10
", jsu-sh j~j~ £eH ijju tii : aJTj aJp 4d [j^o 4)i j ^ .5923
5923. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Verily I was sent to complete good
morals.' 12
i os-Lji y^33 du*ds ■ aJp yp t .5924
^JliS \jjyij c £JUb ^$2ip t 4^j*j t JjW*
oj-Laj.1 CpbT
5924. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’So He sent His messengers among them and
He sent prophets one after another to help lead them to the covenant of their
innate nature, and to remind them of His blessings that they have forgotten,
to show them proofs through propagation, to extract for them the treasures
of their intellects, and to show them the signs of His potential.’ 14
4 - ^li
4. Establishing Equity Among People
326
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djjfj ^ *4~ oi^Ji nbj bLjt H')
(jjjp a1)I j| ry> Aill ^LdJ i^Cij -b-Li <U2 A-bi-l
15
“Certainly We sent Our apostle with manifest proofs, and We sent
down with them the Book and the Balance, so that mankind may maintain
justice; and We sent down iron in which there is great might and use for
mankind, and so that Allah may know those who help Him and His
apostle in [their] absence. Indeed Allah is all-strong, all mighty .” 16
5 - £3) :
5. Lifting Differences
jpblj tOlxSlJl awI CuitA 4j*o^ ots^)
% jjj J-J jl
ta .XxJ O^Jjl ^ A-Xjbri L«J A^3 UV
^-b^J auIj aoLi dr* Lib l^b«T amI ij? b. j? 3 1 ^ • bj Lotj cijIaCII
17
~\p\y^> £LJtj
“Mankind were a single community; then Allah sent the prophets as
bearers of good news and as warners, and He sent down with them the
Book with the truth, that it may judge between the people concerning that
about which they differed, and none differed in it except those who had
been given it, after the manifest proofs had come to them, out of envy
among themselves. Then Allah guided those who had faith to the truth of
what they differed in, by His will, and Allah guides whomever He wishes
to a straight path.” 18
uy^ ^ j**; (_}! >5925
AajcJI ^ ^ HA ji C i ^ 1 c. 1 W Axle
f (. I^SJj f ^-4 4JJ.I c.. g v 3 l ± - -» ' 3 t.
191 < - '• 1 .
5925. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Look at the various favours of Allah upon
them, when He deputed towards them a prophet who got them to pledge
their obedience to Him, and made them unite at his call. [Look] how
[Allah's] bounty spread the wings of its favours over them and made flow
for them streams of its blessing, and the whole community was covered in
blissful prosperity. Consequently they were submerged under its bounty.' 20
6 - «U««M
6. Completing the Proof [against them]
327
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AjtiLji <L>2ki 4J <j l^J] epjy ! aJTj aJp <uh awi i5926
^ 2i-lg2 ijil'^3 t Jir^^ LuLulj t ‘4Aj t aJLL-
(. ojlg^- l» »4j ^p ^LjlSi Jp*3j ‘ 3-^5 ls^" tir* lst^j ‘ 3^5 dii*
21
, UjLAp L* Jj «j aLIj^L Ofl-lAaja C Ifl-Xjl La Jj«j Alll flj"J
5926. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'He sent messengers to them so that He
would have the ultimate proof against His creation, and His messengers to
them are witnesses over them. He sent among them prophets who were
bearers of glad tidings and warners that those who contradict His evidence
will perish, and that those who were revived by His evidence will be
revived. And that servants may comprehend about their Lord that which
they did not know, and come to know Him through His Lordship after they
had denied it, and that they may profess His divine unity through His
Godliness after they had advocated [it] [ascribing a partner for Him].' 22
Notes
i.l/168/l : jisdi .
2. al-Kafi, v. 1, p. 168, no. 1
3. 36 ! .
4. Quran 16:36
5.586/386/8 : ji^i.
6. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 386, no. 586
7. 2 ! .
8. Quran 62:2
9.31969 : judi^r.
10. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 31969
11. 193 / 1 ! (.s^Sdl 0UJ2JI .
12. al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, v. p, p. 193
13. 1 aJai-l : gj .
14. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 1
15. 25 : 4>jj-i .
16. Quran 58:25
17. 213 : c yUi .
18. Quran 2:213
19. ^5154' j»li J&j\ c 192 aLL I apSL' .
20. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 192
21. 4 / 45 : -wJi .
22. al-Tawhid, p. 45, no. 4
328
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1686 - ^
1686. CATEGORIES OF PROPHETS (AS)
3 b yA J! Lp-j 4^-ISsj O' jbLJ 013"" Lj)
'. (|(u£a ^1p All iLJO u
“It is not [possible] for any human that Allah should speak to him
except through revelation or from behind a curtain, or send a messenger
who reveals by His permission whatever He wishes. Indeed He is all-
exalted, all-wise. ” 2
hi : oisi £j\ js. iuAi : fOLJi ^ .5927
opjU Ij c if ‘cubd . A li kAAj A ■ ^3/^ y-uo ^ (3
*v«Lc« f <jj ■ 3OUU1 ' .. ^ 013"" L ^Jju c 3^*1 ^4^3 -U-i
lill jli t t IjU Lillis 4iy i. liOli-' ^jjLUj
, ^10 a4pj ■ OjJl Cjffi ! Oj-Ujl ■ jli ” ^(Oj-Cjl iwkl' Lll* oLLOjlj) |
Oir JjSj . (Jjl »10 jJisj 4 lg o^it j ^bdj £-S-Aij 4^jj (j (_£jj
4.5(111 L.L.I -llu OiUA jl) : i&l jli JU »UL tli V>LJl Up Lj>\j I
5927. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Prophets and Messengers are of four
classes: a prophet who imparts the tidings to his own self and doe not extend
to anyone else; a prophet who sees [the Unseen] in his sleep and hears
sounds but does not see anything when awake, and he is not sent to anyone
and he has a leader [Imam] over him, like how Prophet Abraham (AS) was
to Prophet Lot (AS); a prophet who sees in his dream, and he hears and sees
the angel, and he is sent to a group, be they small or large, like Prophet
Jonah 6 (AS). Allah said about Prophet Jonah (AS): “We sent him to a
[community of] hundred thousand or more,” 7 [He continued], 'or more' by
thirty thousand, and he has an Imam over him too; and a prophet who sees
in his sleep, hears the voice, sees while awake, and he himself is an Imam
[leader] like the arch-prophets, and Prophet Abraham (AS) was a prophet
and not an Imam [leader] until Allah said, “I am making you the Imam of
mankind” 89
Notes
1.51 ! (_s .
2. Quran 435 1 !
3. 147 : ouuJi .
4. 124 : 335 Jt .
5. 1 / 174 / 1 : jisdi.
6. Prophet Jonah (AS) is known as Yunus in the Arabic tradition (ed.)
329
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7. Quran 37 1 47:
8. Quran 2124:
9. al-Kafi, v. 1, p.
174, no. 1
330
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1687 - Ip s-LoSli Sap
1687. THE NUMBER OF PROPHETS (AS)
ajl* , “ oap i “ a}\^ a4p i5928
f.l_A yjtp ajLc*^J \ (Jli ? OjlA^iJ ^5 : cA$ , JjJl ejjj^Pj 4j*jjI^ o3l
\ : ju ? *ljSji jjf : ias . *i ^
5928. The Prophet (SAWA), when Abu Dharr asked about the number of
prophets, said, 'One hundred and twenty four thousand prophets.' I asked,
'How many of them are Messengers?' The Prophet said, 'Three hundred and
thirteen altogether.' I asked, 'Who was the first of prophets?' He said,
'Adam.' 2
Notes
1. 13 / 524 : juai.
2. al-Khisal, p. 524, no. 13
331
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1688 - jb'
1688. THE ARCH-PROPHETS (ULu AL-AZM)
^ OjOpjj U OjJj fy jv4j^ Aj LiS" jw*^)
(djLf Hit fpji JjLi4 ^ jL«j SpIl. S\ \jtL
“So be patient just as the resolute among the apostles were patient, and
do not seek to hasten [the punishment] for them. The day when they see
what they are promised, [it will be] as though they had remained only an
hour of a day. This is a proclamation. So shall anyone be destroyed except
the transgressing lot?” “
jjji ax~a* . " ajL>*^?i aJp 1 B5929
&\ i ls~~pj ‘ ‘ fy ■ ? (v* j-* ! LdS . J2c)Jl
lg2=j- t l4jpj ^^5/1 til ! jLs ? £}*)l jljl ! aJ LU t + g.Ic-
3
5929. Imam Zayn al- Abidin (AS) said to some of his companions, ’From
the Messengers there are five arch-prophets.’ We asked, ’Who are they?’ He
said, ’Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad, peace of Allah be
upon them.’ We asked, ’What does Ulu al-Azm mean?’ He said, ’They were
sent to the east of the earth and the west, to its Jinn and its humans.’ 4
; jl*j" aJjS jf. y. api aJl. u - aJp jiiXaJi -5930
t ‘ ‘ '■ ~
(w cujd ■ cp23 , ^,-^JlPj aJTj a3p .Uil
cy
\ ... Aj lyiS"* V < >1 .liy AjCyuj
5930. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when Sumaa b. Mihran asked him about
Allah's verse in the Qur'an: “So be patient just as the resolute among the
apostles were patient”, said, 'Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and
Muhammad, peace be upon him, his progeny and them.' [Sumaa said,] I
asked, 'How did they become the arch-prophets?' He said, 'Because Noah
was sent with a divine book and law (sharia), and all who came after him
adopted Noah's book, law and teachings, until Abraham (AS) came with the
Scriptures being commanded to leave Noah's book without disbelieving in
it...’6
Notes
1. 35 : .
2. Quran 4735!
3.25 / 33 / 11 : jijAiji*.
332
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4. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 1 1, p. 33, no. 25
5. J&j\ t 2 / IV / 2 ! .
6. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 17, no. 2
333
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1689 - frLfiSh {jajUa*-
1689. SPECIAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE
PROPHETS (AS)
^ j jLJI 01 lj ^.LjO/I L) , aSTj aLp aX)I a^I .5931
,Ji
5931. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'We the prophets have been
commanded to speak to people according to the capacity of their intellects.' 2
c Lj jli ^Lj Sj Lj^p ^Lj f-LJhfl yjjbL L) \ aJIj aL. p <Uil aWI .5932
2 . Lj Jj I Jy (_£ y L5~ LilA l5/j
5932. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'We the prophets are such that our eyes
sleep but our hearts do not sleep, and we see behind us as we see in front of
us.' 4
IS) LiLLil /^ujj-LvsJlj (jLASl (3bL>-! \ a] Ij aLp awi awI Oy-'j'j .5933
8, lyibL I SI AAil - ^Lj ^ l^s-ly
5933. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'From the morals of the prophets and
the righteous ones is smiling when they see people, and shaking hands when
they meet each other.' 6
2, - " jj All t AjyySl aLJ hh L ? Lj aXjI L ! oSLi .5934
5934. Qatada narrated, 'Allah has never sent a prophet without sending
him with a handsome face and a pleasant voice.' 8
lyS IjjV : - fsLJi j^Ap jLjSh j - rsLJi aLp yp ^L»sfi .5935
<, SjLkJ.L t oJ^fAL t a J/j ^ Li. dji| -d
r
\ —
c o^Ljc«j c jLaJJI ^ ^ j4*h ^b' Jj
..TlyLl ^Jlgj J t ibLil Lor.. I ))JL ylj t ^JjulS ,,, 0L4-I JyjLLj
(jAAl iSy L-y aaLLj t < )}P (j oys (J,jl aLOJ aIL^-a Axil lyA-h
4, (£il ^L^hflj jL2jS[I aLL^^-j t ^p Oyddb LjyLdl bL* apLI *0 c
5935. Imam Ali (AS), describing the prophets (AS), said, ’They were
abased people, whom Allah had tried with hunger, afflicted with difficulty,
tested with fear, and shaken with troubles. If Allah had wished to open for
His prophets treasures of gold, mines of pure gold and grounds of gardens
wherever He sent them... He would have done so, but if He did, tests would
be invalid, and reward would be inapplicable. Rather, Allah the Glorified,
made His prophets strong in their determination, and weak in their
appearance as seen from the eyes, with contentment that fills the hearts and
eyes with richness, and with poverty that pains the eyes and ears.' 10
334
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a. Hxj c £jA!I Ja3 LLJ axI aAp JCL*2Jl ^La^H .5936
n. ^131 ^ 2AA
5936. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah never sent a prophet unless He
had made him herd sheep [first], through which He taught him how to
manage people.' 12
13 „ Sfi % tij 5^j)> &\ aal u : ajp ^1 .5937
5937. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, 'Allah, Almighty, did not send a prophet
or a successor unless he was generous.' 14
15. jLjS/i jsut ^ aJp u.jJi .5938
5938. Imam al-Rida (AS) said, 'Cleanliness is of the morals of the
prophets.' 16
17 . jLjS/i jsui ^ 4_kh : aJp u$i .5939
5939. Imam al-Rida (AS) said, 'Perfume is of the morals of the prophets.'
18
.263 s-A i sSLJi (jAii)
(See also: THE ORDEAL: section 263)
Notes
1.19/140/77:^1 A-
2. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 77, p. 140, no. 19
3.7/ 172/16:^1 jU.
4. Ibid. v. 16, p. 172, no. 7
5. 29 / 1 : >'jA' •
6. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 1, p. 29
7. 376 / 1 ^j^ioULkii .
8. al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, v. 1, p. 376
9. 192 aA^4 ! ic-‘>Ul 0^ .
10. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 192
n.2/32 : JJLp.
12. Hal al-Shara'i, p. 32, no. 1
13. 4 / 39 / 4 : jiA .
14. al-Kafi, v. 4, p. 39, no. 4
15. 442 : Jyuh UuZ .
16. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 442
17. 1 / 510/6 : jiAi.
18. al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 510, no. 1
335
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370 - 3jJi» (2) oj4J'»
370. PROPHETHOOD (2)
Specific Prophethood
1690 - fiT
1690. Adam (AS)
U4^ juij i^ca 3IA3 °^j ^ LgdJi h)
“O mankind! Be wary of your Lord who created you from a single soul,
and created its mate from it, and, from the two of them, scattered
numerous men and women. Be wary of Allah, in whose Name you adjure
one another, and the wombs. Indeed Allah is watchful over you.” 2
'“jr \ - a4p ^ST jU- XLfi j - Jl <ule- ^Js-
t ^>- ^.LLIj ) l ^ ‘ ■ v 4j *y c l ^ •>. . . c aJL>^w.
jUaplj t ^L^-i oli 1 o4jl jc?- aIiSIj L c
, ^Jlsc. .Xalj i. N.fv.si 1^-CL^lj C I (JC>- Ufc-drH C ijj ^3j
... J^y L^_LwS^: OUsol li ^c-aJ f
(. -CjLc^.1 (. 41oLjC^.I (. 4ji]jJtj.l oLJ^Alj t 4JlJ;2j \jyz?jv>
2 , 2j_3ly t ijdlj Jpkl tj'*
5940. Imam Ali (AS), describing the creation of Adam, said, ’Allah
collected the hard, soft, sweet and sour of the earth, [making it into] clay by
dipping it into water until it became pure, and then kneaded it with moisture
till it became gluey. From it He carved an image with curves, joints, limbs
and parts. He solidified it until it dried up, for a fixed time and a known
duration. Then, He blew into it out of His Spirit whereupon it took the
pattern of a human being with a mind that governs him, intelligence which
he makes use of.... a mixture of clay of different colours, cohesive materials,
divergent contraries and differing properties like heat and cold, softness and
hardness.’ 4
fs\ j\s^~\ c ojA djjjlj c ‘WJjl -C^a 1JLU ... , a4p ^fa^i >5941
3^4X1^- Jjjl C aJLL>- J^a
5941. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’When He had prepared the earth and enforced
His commands, He chose Adam (AS) as the best of His creation and made
him the first of human creation.’ 7
8. jpfi i ^ (jjj- aj Sf fST tii : rsLJi a4p \\Nf \ .5942
336
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5942. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Adam was named Adam because he was
created from the surface (adim) of the earth.' 9
■ ” oJW ! jd-Lai! i5943
JjA c£?
opfrjd l g lri>- lU)l o) ! ■ ciAj
? 1 g ol->- /j-4 c4wl ij L .ill-d . ciAa3 !? ajtLi? Q al-4 O'
4O2A ^2)3 iijLj ail j[ ! Aill Jli ■ ■ “dbT (j) | jLai
(jdaJl 4JO23 CjO^J-ASj t ^ST JjLSo " 4j3j IdSj - “C^Ari ' giol'i.a (jda
10
jljp- l^a JjJAj
5943. Abu al-Miqdam said, 'I asked Abu al-Jafar [Imam al-Baqir] (AS),
'What did Allah create Eve from?' He asked, 'What do people say about
this?' I said, ’They say that Allah created her from one of the ribs of Adam.’
He (AS) said, 'They lie, was He incapable of creating her from something
other than his rib.' I said, ’May I be sacrificed for you, O son of the Prophet
(SAW A), what did He create her from?' He (AS) said, 'My father told me,
informing me from his fathers (AS) that the Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Allah,
Blessed and most High, grabbed a handful of clay and mixed it with His
right hand - and both His hands are right - and from it He created Adam, and
with the rest of the clay He created Eve.' 1 1
/_ A J ; ■ ' 4JA -iij “ La)!' .5944
^ A A? a! IiAj Jvli ^li!l jjtgdi ^ (. A 4J sljp~ , -
l2. dJJi 1>JS- V t £* jJl 'JAi £j)3 i. JvU ^ Ji\ 'JAa g) a t
5944. Imam al-Rida (AS) said in reply to al-Bazanti who asked about the
offspring of Adam, 'Eve conceived Habil and a sister in one womb, and then
Qabil and a sister in another womb. Habil got married with the twin that was
with Qabil, and Qabil got married to the one that was with Habil, then after
this it became prohibited.' 13
Notes
1. 1 : d~~Jt .
2. Quran 4:1
3. 1 AA\ ■ ii-AJi .
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 1
5. cri .
6.91 : ii-sui £j£ .
7. Ibid. Sermon 91
8. 1 / 14 : ^\jA\ jip .
9. Ilal al-Shara'i, p. 13, no. 1
10.46/116/11
337
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1 1. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 1 1. p. 116, no. 46
12. 1311 / 366 : Au-V .
13. al-Ihtijaj, v. 2, p. 143, no. 180
338
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1691 - Up
1691. ENOCH [IDRiS] (AS)
(lllp IjlSxd ^ idj OE”" Ah >ldSvJl f JSAlj)
“And mention in the Book Idris. Indeed he was a truthful one, a
prophet, and We raised him to a station exalted. ” 2
u Jjji . aJTj aJp aui J .5945
^ JyZ
5945. The Prophet (SAWA) said, Allah sent down onto Idris thirty
Books.' 5,6
7. (iU!L) ij* Jjl ! aJTj aJp U ^ .5946
5946. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The first person who wrote by pen is
Enoch (Idris) (AS). 8
aJ Ip ei y» aL^UI , ^bUJl a4p .5947
7, Ad OE"" e^ddl
5947. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Al-Sahla mosque is where the house of
Prophet Enoch (AS) was, wherein he would sew.' 10
Notes
1. 57 j. 56 : 5^ .
2. Quran 1956,57!
3. ■ (Adb dy c ^p>4 s uy~^~ yr-u^l lt'p 4?'
68/60/ 11 :
• ;:-p 3;
4.5/277/ 11 : jijAiji*.
5. In another tradition: He sent down fifty Books, and he is Ukhnukh, and he is the first
person who wrote with a pen. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 1 1 , p. 60, no. 68
6. Bihar al-Anwar. v. 1 1, p. 277, no. 5
7. 32269 : Jouiipr .
8. Kanz al-Ummal 32269
9. 12/284/ 11 : jyH \ M .
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 11, p. 284, no. 12
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1692 - Up
1692. NOAH (AS) [Nuh]
(^Ip «l>Ls-f Sjp aJi Zja 'Ai IjJupI pi 15 jili op Ji Up \U_c-3t 11')
1 ■ (# U'U
“Certainly We sent Noah to his people. He said, '() my people, worship
Allah! You have no other god besides Him. Indeed I fear for you the
punishment of a tremendous day. ” 2
Alii CaIjL) ^pLo 4p ^35"" Oli" 0] pi Ij Opt! ijll ^p Li pip ^13)
L ( cJip pi Ji*
“Relate to them the account of Noah when he said to his people, '0 my
people! If my stay [among you] be hard on you and [also] my reminding
you of Allah 's signs, [for my part] I have put my trust in Allah. ” 4
! e.ipjuJij 30 ■ 23 ! jppiij 77 i 76 ! {.Lpshj 48 ■ 25 ! p* (4^1)
46 ! objiiJij 82 ■ 75 ! oiliUij 15 <■ 14 ! cp4i*Jij 122 ■ 105
.28 ■ 1 ! 10 ! p>Jij 17 ■ 9 ! ji (5
(See also: 11:25-48, 21:76-77, 23:23-30, 26:105-122, 29: 14-15, 37:75-82,
51:46, 54:9-17, 66:10, 71:1-28)
5 . £p Jjj! ! aJLj Up ill ill .5948
5948. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’The first prophet to be sent down as a
messenger was Noah.' 6
op if eUj c oi. L>-p ill e.
l^i, ,vi3l 'g\-
; iTj oU- iii iii j .5949
7
5949. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Allah sent Noah as a prophet for forty
years, and he stayed among his people for one thousand years minus fifty,
calling them [to the truth]. He stayed alive for sixty years after the flood
until the number of people increased and they spread out.’ 8
: ■ 7] piT ip) ) 4^ 44 4 - ^W~Ji aAp jslji ^l.vi .5950
10. $2us ipir
5950. Imam al-Baqir (AS), with regard to Allah's verse in the Qur'an:
“And none believed with him except a few” 11 , said, They were eight.' 12
op aJp p (j?, pji pp l4 ^suji oLp Up o[ ; aTp jiiii ^i_*hh .5951
[jli>- LitSy ^jj>til Jlh li[ ! Lx i^P jJ , O ij J 0 J i
340
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(oLtifn3 4-lp Ij()aP AAuLL^ aJj Ajjjl ^ ! (jlpi -Ajti J3 | l^jLai 44^- ^ 4«Lj3
L^aa yji ^>- ! ^ oYp (j L^W» -Up Ji ! jjjjjLj
5951. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’When Noah (AS) planted a seed a group
of people walked by him and started to laugh and mock him, saying, ’He has
now become a gardener!’ When the palm tree grew and became great and
high, he cut it down and worked it, and they said, ’He has become a
carpenter!’ He then made these into a boat, and a group of people came by,
laughing and mocking, saying to him, ’He has now become a sailor in the
desert of the earth!’, until he finished [building] it.’ 14
£.Ij1 oyJt-P ^W--jl I .. ^Jlp ^y ^Sl (jA) OLS"- ■ -Jl aJp Jil—jl >5952
15. ill iLJl (41T
5952. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’There were ten fathers between Adam
and Noah (AS), and all of them were prophets.’ 16
O > aAp 4v ,, it0! Aiyq
His story in the Quran Sending him as a Prophet with a Message
^Jp a^-I-L--j aJ^L— j ^1p o-tp-lj apI ^SC-Jl a-1p -Uj ^>LJl OIY"
y2jd\ ^1p ■! (JTj LJlp -lY o^Jgjdl
^jpj -U^-yJl jP ^Dl (J^jptj t <3 iL-UJI ^“A-Jl aJp jp) (j ^-Lip
LpI^Aj IpJ 4jL>«— ■ aWI -tij , opI— p ^1p I^LAj c ^pLaX^-Y (J-L*Jl
(ry »jj~0 [r^J
(. $.1 a* ■ Al o yt^yu ^.LjjS Y t " j \ Q.Ull ca-VpLJj
, (t- y ~ “ * ^(^pY) jiji ol^U Lc ,*^-1p 0^aS\j4j o^jLAIj
ill jvJ&jp-b a*Jj-LJIj ^jIpSOl aLwojIj -Jl a-1p U-y aWI (Jpj cp
, jl-LlYj xJL (213 . Ojpdl) i ^ : - ’ La— 4 oljL— J.lj pI-\jY aJL>«— >
People after Adam were living as one nation very simply and guilelessly
preserving their human nature, until a feeling of haughtiness spread among
them and they gradually tried to rise above each other. Corruption spread
during the time of Noah (AS) and people turned away from religion and
monotheism, and from the tradition of social justice. They began to worship
idols, and Allah Almighty mentioned some of them, like Wadd, Suwa,
Yaghuth, Yauq, and Nasr (Surah Nuh).
Classes in society moved farther away from each other. Those who were
strong, with wealth and children, bean to neglect the rights of the weak, and
the tyrants began to humiliate those below them and rule over them as their
desires dictated to them (Surah al-Araf, Hud, Nuh).
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So, Allah sent Noah to them with a divine book and law, calling them to
the Oneness of Allah Almighty, and to refute a partner to Him, and to bring
equity to the society through giving glad tidings and warnings to them
(Quran 2:213).
His Effort in Propagation
$ A) Ip AIA 3 (J-Loj c ajIjTj a^jIj ebQn jp»b aAp OtSy
^LodL) V) Ajj^a£: c b*Ap)j ijL^j SLi JpL cli
‘Lajjj (3 ' Alp <&J
...and he (AS) would propagate to his people to believe in Allah and His
signs, and he tried his hardest to do so. He called them to the truth day and
night, and they did not respond to his call other than with arrogance and
haughtiness...
y s 0 & £
C ^_A^P.-L> L«lp ^ 4*Jp
(Jw>- i ^dp 3 A a"l O' A ■ t ■ ^ aj Aj Ij 0^4A
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Staying Among his People
He (AS) stayed among his people for nine hundred and fifty years calling
them to Allah Almighty, and they only answered him with mockery and
sarcasm. They called him insane and said that he only wanted to rule over
them, until he sought help from his Lord (Surah al-AnkAbut).
liiLih <u \s- djLL?
Making the Ark
...LjjtPA? 3 -L-li Ajf>t^ o-UjL) iLLLJl ^ < ji Ail I
Allah Almighty ordered him to make an ark with His guidance and
protection.
" * >
Olijkll Jjjj
The Descent of Punishment and the Starting of the Flood
(3 O' aO) awI jlij aw' jA ajc^a? 13)
J* £ £
*ulp Ju*i t ^5"" 0^*
f " £
t AJLuL-«Jl ^j^P olL^- <Uj1j 4JjUM aj\ jA I JyJb
342
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iL)3 ^ *43 s-ll^ j „jdU I
...(ij-* tpj^) (TJ-* (3 Ji*"j
When the ark was completed, the command of Allah came and water
gushed forth from the valley, Allah revealed to him to carry to his boat a
pair of every animal and all his family members save those whom Allah had
decreed to drown, who were his treacherous wife and his son who refused to
board the ark. He was also ordered to take the believers (Surah Hud, al-
Mu'minun). When they all got onto the boat Allah opened the doors of the
sky with pouring water and exploded the springs of water from the earth,
meeting each other according to a designated measure (Surah al-Qamar).
The water came up and the boat rose on it, floating above the waves like
mountains (Surah Hud).
<uIp *** j*3 <dj ijjj «-Ua9
Fulfilling of the Command and his Descent onto the Ground with those
Accompanying him
01 a1)I jA ajI (5/^j odylaJl jt-f* IX-U
^ j laj ot ^JlJ
When the flood encompassed everything and everyone drowned (as is
mentioned in Surah al-Saffat:77) Allah ordered the earth to swallow its
water and the sky to suck up the water, and the boat settled on the mountain
of Judiy... 18
Notes
1. 59 : .
2. Quran 7:59
3. 71 : y^y .
4. Quran 10:71
5.32391 : judi^r.
6. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 32391
7. 4005 / 595 / 2 : j* ^ it .
8. al-Mustadrak ala al-Sahihayn, v. 2, p. 595, no. 4005
9. 40 : jy .
10.64/336/ 11 : ^ \j\a.
11. Quran 11:40
12. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 1 1. p. 336, no. 64
13. 425 / 283 / 8 : jl<ji .
14. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 283, no. 425
15. 2 / 214 : ^ jur .
16. Kamal al-Din, p. 214, no. 2
17. 270 / 10 : o'A
18. Tafsir al-Mizan, v. 10, p. 270
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344
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1693 - Sja
1693. HuD (AS)
5^1 O^P aJ| ^jA £^jl IjUpl L (J4 S-ijJk .ilp (J,^)
“And to [the people of] Ad, Hud, their brother. He said, '() my people,
worship Allah! You have no other god besides Him. Will you not then be
wary [of Him]?”3
c-Ai&sj 140 ■ 123 ! (.\jxaJ\j 41 ■ 13 ! 60 ■ 50 ! (4^4)
.8 ■ 6 ! 8 ■ 4 ! aslUj 21 ! 16 ■ 13 !
(See also: Qur'an 11:50-60, 23:31-41, 26:123-140, 41:13-16, 46:21-26, 51:41-
42, 54:18-22, 69:4-8, 89:6-8)
■ z. • - ^ ^ ixj a4p u-4 o) : a-1p .5953
cAUCiLdj AhjA ■ " • • ■ ^ 3 -i£ ^4 Li ! oi a3| a^S ^>4 a3LS cUlScIAj
i—. a*Jl (3 (4-P jSjTj 4-Up -ill
! ^4 Jlij . ^.L^SSS ^jA ijjbj ^4 (. ^SG-3S a4p j4^ GU ^4 yUj
4>-jjp 24 444 4^ 4 a^_4 A’ij ^ -(j-* ■ a) Jl2j iu upa aui
^4 ^ >i-ip ^jA a^>x4 4^-4 a^s la Ajt4jj aj 4*4^ 42* as4^ ^4-^ ^
5953. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'When Noah's prophethood finished and
his time came to an end, Allah Almighty revealed to him: 'O Noah, you
have fulfilled your prophethood and your days have come to an end, so put
the knowledge you have, the faith, the Great Name, the heritage of
knowledge and the legacy of the knowledge of prophethood in the offspring
of your progeny...'. Noah informed Sam of the coming of Hud (AS), and
there were prophets between Noah and Hud. Noah said, 'Allah will send a
prophet by the name of Hud. He will invite his people to Allah and they will
refute him. Allah Almighty will destroy them with wind, and so those of
you who live to see him must believe in him and follow him, for Allah will
save you from the punishment of the wind.' 5
aJ aJ 4>lji up 44 ^4-jjp &\ ioL ns : f%A\ aAp .5954
t jvAjtSl (4^-S-^S-i !? ^4 A1 Aa\ ^Ja P4S-A2 0jA“^SL4 c aA, jjj A. i?*J'
4 a dp ^cJL^2j
5954. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'When Allah Almighty sent Hud (AS),
the descendants of Sam believed in him. As for the others, they said, ’Who
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can be stronger than us?' So they were destroyed with the barren wind. Hud
exhorted them and informed them of Salih (AS).' 7
■SlP OjUdl
Details of the Story of Hud and his People and Ad
! t^l_p l_Cjj “ talp jl OPS'LL
jy^Lo i_y^i l^ir " a^JIj p iiLiA ijl o^Lil *ugj (50
...(69 I s_3ljp^l) wi*j (21 ! <—
lj-0 J 4^w0jJl C U Ijj^P ^>- 4iil <Lo-*4j ^
©
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. £.lj*^lj OjJjULg c jjjdi ^dp C
iM £ £ ^ £
a4p ^ *4 q-4 ^ c >l-l*Jl j^ap 4^1 li
9.. . (42 : oijiJJi) ^iTaxL^
What the glorious Quran mentions about their story is that Ad - and they
are also called the former Ad (Quran 53:50), indicating that there was a
second Ad - was a group of people living in al-Ahqaf 10 in the Arabian
peninsula (Quran 46:21) after the people of Noah (Quran 7:69).
...the people were happily enjoying the bounties of Allah until they
changed what was in their selves [their behaviour and morals], and
paganism became deeply rooted in them and they built a sign on every hill
with amusement.
So Allah sent to them their brother Hud to call them to the Truth guiding
them to worship Allah, to refute the idols, and to live with justice and mercy
(Quran 26:130). He advised them greatly and spread exhortations among
them. He enlightened the way, clarified the path, and cut off their excuses
from them, and they repaid him with nothing but refusal and denial. So
Allah sent punishment down upon them and sent down a barren wind that
did not leave anything it came across without rendering it like decayed
bones (Quran 51:42). 11
1 . Prophet Hud (AS) is not a biblical prophet, and his Christian name is
therefore not known (ed.)
Notes
2. 65 : c-VSh .
3. Quran 7:65
4. 92/ 115/8 :
5. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 115, no. 92
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6. 5 / 136 : Jur .
7. Kamal al-Din, p. 136, no. 5
8. c , , , *— ■ '*— *
oilxS (JUj t yj L«_3 JUj ', (JU i Oj^a jLo-P ilj JjJjtll
c_3UL>-SM ! lilXr >,ig ll Jlij , ^Ip JUj |
115/1 : otjJLJt) .
9. 307 / 10 : oi*u Jj .
10. Ahqaf is the plural of hiqf, meaning sand dunes, and the ahqaf mentioned in the
Holy Book is a valley between Oman and the land of Muhrah. It is also said to be between
Oman and Hadramawt. It is a sandy place overseeing the shoreline of the sea. Al-?ahhak
has said, 'al- Ahqaf is a mountain in Damascus.1 [as stated in the footnote of the sourcebook]
11. Tafsir al-Mizan, v. 10, p. 307
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1694 -
1694. SaLIh (AS)
acJ ,^S2f.L>- aJ[ ^ lj-Cf-1 ffs Ij 3^ l4-L*2 (J,)))
“, (ajT ^1^0 awI Aif> o4a .Icnj)
“And to [the people of] Thamud, Salih, their brother. He said, '() my
people, worship Allah! You have no other god beside him. There has
certainly come to you a manifest proof from your Lord. This she-camel of
Allah is a sign for you. ” 3
! 159 ■ 141 ! 84 ■ 80 ! 68 ■ 61 zy* (4^0
! 2jbLij 32 ■ 23 ! yAi\j 45 ■ 43 ! 18 c 17 ! 53 ■ 45
.15" 111 9 ! 5 <■ 4
(See also: Qur'an 11:61-68, 15:80-84, 26:141-159, 27:45-53, 41:17-18, 51:43-
45, 54:23-32, 69:4-5, 89:9, 91:11-15)
t \ y^uii ‘5“^^ 43 ! aAp (yip -5955
LAjJjLsd) \ (JliLa c L^y!^ ofis- LkS | ^ ^ y Aib
f oLo->4 aS4J| AjL^jklj , ^ 1 cy)l>- 01 V) 0C La2 3(/^yolj
3.
5955. Imam Ali (AS) said, '0 people! Satisfaction and discontentment
are what gather people [in categories]. And although it was only one man
who slaughtered the she-camel of Thamud, Allah included all of them in the
punishment because they all accepted his action, as He Almighty said, '“But
they hamstrung her, whereupon they became regretful.” 6 So, it was not
long before their land declined by sinking [into the earth] as the spike of a
plough pierces weak, unploughed land.' 7
45^ y4 a^aAJ ]y\ OyO 14 , fsj* ^3 B5956
j g 13' 1-La f cd lijj tojlxslicA lils ? aCs!
s. sy ! isy~\ y f
5956. Abu Matar said, 'When the wicked Ibn Muljam, may Allah curse
him, struck the Commander of the Faithful (AS), Imam Hasan (AS) asked
[his father], 'Shall I kill him?' The Imam said, ’No, but detain him and if I
die, then kill him. When I die, bury me in this place between the graves of
my brothers Hud and Salih.’ 9
iy£ " Utf <U £i gl SjLiil
Details of the Story of Salih and his People, Thamud
348
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o ISj c I aG-p 3^ ^ 3- Gy^ ^-$4i ^ ^ ^ ^ 3 ^ 0*^*0 ^
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t Ob-^j>-*yij ^JjjtiG ,+ ^ **.*£■ 3 b|ji-^J lMj c ^Gly^^l <oG*P IjSjo jlj c 4jb>e_^ aA)1 wLp-jJ
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, (U^lPj
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. (65 : >J>) C-4 Jw\^0
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^ aJG jij JjJ G , <JG5j t 3
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***. Lt*j *b[l jv^j IjyiS”" Jjj: j| *i[l , ^jLil |vA-L»j (_£.2 Ijj (18 . C-J-v2^)
Thamud used to live according to the traditions of past nations and tribes,
and their leaders and elders were ruling them. In the city that Salih was sent
to there were nine groups of people who were corrupting on the earth and
not reforming. (Quran 27:48). They rebelled in the earth, worshipped idols
and exceeded in their unfairness and oppression. When Thamud forgot their
Lord and went to extremes in their ways, Allah sent the prophet Salih (AS)
to them. He was from a dignified and respected house, known for their
intellect and contentment (Quran 11:62, 27:49). He called them to the
Oneness of Allah Almighty, to leave the worshipping of statues, and to live
with justice and goodness in their society. He told them not exult on the
earth, not to waste, and not to rebel. He warned them of punishment (Quran:
Surah Hud, Surah Shuara', Surah Shams and others).
Then they rebelled and plotted, and they sent the most evil of them to kill
the she-camel and so he slaughtered it. They said to Salih, 'Bring us what
you threatened if you are of the truthful.' Salih (AS) said, 'Make merry in
your abodes for three days, this is a threat which is not a lie.' (Quran 1 1 :65).
The people of the city plotted and grouped against Salih. They divided
the plan among themselves: We will detain him and his family, and then tell
his guardian, 'We did not witness the ones who destroyed his family, and we
349
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are truthful.' They devised a plot, and Allah devised a plan, but they do not
notice (Quran 27:50). A thunderbolt seized them as they looked on (Quran
51:44). The earthquake seized them, and they lay lifeless prostrate in their
homes. So he abandoned them, and said, 'O my people! Certainly I
communicated to you the message of my Lord, and I advised you, but you
did not like advisers.' (Quran 7:78-79, 11:68) And We delivered those who
had faith and were Godwary (Quran 41:18). A divine caller called after
them, 'Verily, Thamud disbelieved in their Lord. Verily away with
Thamud!’ 11
'. Prophet Salih is not a biblical prophet, and his Christian name is,
therefore, not known (ed.)
Notes
2. 73 : cJi/Ai .
3. Quran 7:73
4. 157 ! .
5. 201 ! s4L-l \ ip">Ul .
6. Quran 26:157
7. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 201
8.4/379/ 11 : jijrtiji*.
9. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 1 1, p. 379, no. 4
10.317/10 : o'A
1 1. Tafsir al-Mizan, v. 1, p. 317
350
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1695 - Up
1695. ABRAHAM (AS) [Ibrahim]
(JlS jLrji ilr?3 J4 LaLh dJ-L-lA jl Jll CplUSC Ajj
h (ijrUfcJUall tSfb*' JU h!
“Anrf when /i/.s Lord tested Abraham with certain words, and he
fulfilled them, He said, 7 am making you the Imam of mankind, ' Said he,
'And from among my descendants?' He said, 'My pledge does not extend
to the unjust. ” 2
c 132 - 125 : syUj 123 - 120 : >uij 68 - 65 : JT (> i)
51 : 48 - 41 : ^ 1 14 : ^ 84 - 74 : 260 < 258
83 ! oULUij 27 c 24 « 18 ■ 16 ! 87 ■ 69 ! e-4-Uij 73 ■
18 ! Jphhj 38 ■ 36 ! 5 t 4 ! 28 - 26 ! 113 -
.27 t26 ! 41 - 35 ! 76 ■ 69 ! 19 <.
(See also: Qur'an 3:65-68, 16:120-123, 2:125-132, 2:258, 2:260, 6:74-84,
9:114, 19:41-48, 21:51-73, 26:69-87, 29:16-18, 29:24, 29:27, 37:83-113, 43:26-
28, 60:4-5, 53:36-38, 87:18-19, 11:69-76, 14:35-41, 22:26-27)
La^aljI llu t jUi 4i jU ? fi ^ 3 aJp u 4-^ 4 >5957
3. ^ ai lua : ju
5957. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'On the 'day of the fire', Abraham was
brought to the fire, and when he saw it he said, 'Allah is sufficient for us and
He is the best supporter.' 4
c iLsdsjl AabUhf 4 44“ dAl L* | aJIj aJp aWI 4-^ u .5958
3, fU 4LJ' y JJJb A4Uj
5958. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah took Abraham as a friend only
because of his feeding of food [to others] and praying of prayers in the night
while people were asleep.' 6
> „t .it Is.
\ ^4Ul aAp IkyJ lyjAl 4JJI JUJ jL- UJ <Up
5959. Hassan b. Atiyya said, 'The first person to organise an army for
war, with a right, left and middle wing was Abraham (AS), when he
journeyed to fight those who imprisoned Lot (AS).' 8
t la! iji 1 aj H Sua 444 J&i : ^4U aAp jsui ^1*4 .5960
3 u 34 1-tAi 3^—4 4
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5960. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Allah Almighty took Abraham as a
friend because he did not refuse anyone, and did not ask anyone other than
Allah Almighty.' 10
jt ijlp IsaSjA 3&\ Jhjj 4>lj 'h\ oi : .5961
o-b»ccj j! o-iiM a&I ojj t o-i>co jl lAj o-iiM Aiil ojj c gj o-b>cq
cli) ■ 3^ aJ 1AU . i^Ld aJjL£ 01 o-ikh a^jI 0)j . Sdl'*-
11 . (Liai ^ily
5961. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah Almighty took Abraham as a
servant before He took him as a prophet. Allah took him as a prophet before
He took him as a messenger. Allah took him as a messenger before He took
him as a friend, and Allah took him as a friend before He took him as an
Imam. When He gathered all these things in Abraham He said, “I am
making you the Imam of mankind.” 12,13
OTjill J aAp
The Story of Abraham (AS) in the Holy Quran
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(107 ” 101 ! OliL^2jl) A Jg. p aLl^^—a 4Wl
Abraham (AS) from his young childhood till his age of puberty was
living in seclusion from the community of his people. He then returned to
them and joined his uncle, but saw him and his group worshipping idols and
did not accept his or their actions. He started to debate with them about the
issue of idol worship (Quran 20:51-56, 26:69-77, 37:83-87), and he debated
with other people in their beliefs in worshipping the sun, moon, and the stars
until he demonstrated the proof to them. News of him and his deviation
from these idols and false gods spread (Quran 6:74-82). One day a group
went out for congregational worship outside of the city, but he came up with
the excuse of being sick. He therefore did not leave with them and he stayed
behind. He went to the house where the statues were kept and started
demolishing them, reducing them to dust, but he left the big statue for them
so that they would refer to it. When they came back and learnt of what had
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happened to their gods and searched for who the culprit was, they were told:
We heard a young person by the name of Abraham mentioning them.
They brought him to their gathering and put him in front of all the people
so that they could witness. They ordered him to speak, saying, 'Are you the
one who has done this to our gods, O Abraham?' He said, 'No, rather it was
the big one of them who did it, so ask them if they can speak.' He had left
the biggest of the statues and had not broken it and had put an axe on its
shoulder or something similar to that, so that he could demonstrate that it
was the big statue that had broken the other statues.
They said, 'Burn him and help your gods!' So, they built a building and
ignited it. All the people participated, and they threw him in the fire, but
Allah made it cold and safe for him and nullified their conspiracy (Quran
21:57-70,37:88-98).
Then when Allah had rescued him from the fire, he began to call people
to the upright religion, the religion of monotheism, but only a small group of
people believed. Abraham (AS) and some of the believers with him then
disclaimed all association with their people, and he disassociated himself
from Azar whom he used to call a father but who was not his real father. 16
He migrated with his wife and Lot (AS) to the sacred land to call to Allah
Almighty without any obstacle impeding them from their oppresssive crude
people (Quran 60:4, 21:71).
Allah Almighty gave him the glad tidings there of Ishmael and Isaac, and
of Jacob after Isaac. Abraham (AS) became very old and he had Ishmael,
and then Isaac was bom, and Allah blessed him and his two children and
their children.
Then, due to a command from his Lord, Abraham went to the land of
Makkah - which was an untilled valley - and he left his son Ishmael to live
there who was at that time a young child, and he went back to the sacred
land. Ishmael grew up there and a group of Arabs gathered around him who
were inhabitants there and the city of Makkah was established from then.
Abraham (AS) might have visited Ishmael in the land of Makkah before
building Makkah and the House and after it (Quran 2:126, 14:35-41).
Abraham then built the Kaba in it - the Sacred House - with the help of
Ishmael. It was the first house made for the people by Allah Almighty as a
blessing and a [source of] guidance for all mankind. In it are signs and
evidences, the site (maqam) of Abraham, and whoever enters it will be safe
(Quran 2:127-129, 3:96-97). He proclaimed the obligatory pilgrimage to it
(hajj) to people and legislated the rituals of hajj (Quran 22:26-30).
Allah then ordered him to slaughter his son Ishmael (AS) [in sacrifice]
and so he left with his son to the rituals. When he reached the [place of the]
Sai he said, 'My son! I see in a dream that I am sacrificing you. See what
you think.' He said, 'Father! Do whatever you have been commanded. If
Allah wills, you will find me to be of the patient.' So when they had both
submitted [to Allah's will], and he had laid him down on his forehead, it was
called out to him, 'O Abraham! You have indeed fulfilled the vision!' And
so Allah ransomed him with a great sacrifice. (Quran 101-107). 17
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Notes
1. 124 ! iji Jl .
2. Quran 2:124
3. 32288 ! -J& .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 32288
5. 4 / 35 : £VJi Jip .
6. Hal al-Shara'i, p. 35, no. 4
7. 282 / 1 : joi jjJi .
8. al-Durr al-Manthur, v. 1, p. 282
9. 2 / 34 : ^ Jip .
10. Hal al-Shara’i, p. 34, no. 2
n.2/175/1 : jis4i.
12. Quran 2:124
13. al-Kafi, v. 1, p. 175, no. 2
15. 215 / 7 : j'j4> .
16. This can be understood from Abraham's supplication which is narrated in Surah
Ibrahim [as mentioned in the footnote of the source reference]
17. Taf
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1696 - <ulp hji
1696. LOT (AS) [Lut]
\jS
“And Lot, when he said to his people, 'What! Do you commit an
outrage none in the world ever committed before you?!” 2
! 75 c 74 ! s-Lj^'j 77 ■ 51 ! 83 ■ 77 ! (4^0
- 133 : oilujij 35 - 28 : 58 - 54 : 175 - 160
.10 ! 40 ■ 33 ! 37 ■ 24 ! oLjiiJij 138
(See also: Qur'an 11:77-83, 15:51-77, 21:74-75, 26:160-175, 27:54-58, 29:28-
35, 37:133-138, 51:24-37, 54:33-40, 66:10)
4jJj S ft ^jdl Lalj , atj_p J5LJI ^La^f I l5962
' 0>|f J/* ijj4! tJ-A"'? L/“ A-felp ai Ji2^al t -LjjJ
5962. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'As for the village that was rained upon
with rain of punishment, it was the village of Sodom, the village of the
people of Lot. Allah rained rocks of baked earth upon them, meaning clay.' 4
4 JjJi Jp (j J»jJ L*J LLj Sill LAj La \ aulp ^La4 I i5963
5963. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah did not send a prophet after Lot
without having dignity among his people.' 6,7
apaajL aUl S’ J? yj aU 4 1 ®jLi|
Details of the Story of Lot and his People
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g, a** ^ ^ I** ^
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ASjJ i ^ i y* oj-2-Ufcj ! y* C-uS"" ij) <Uil j1-U*j
(jj^|liXj y -jfyi JT 'yS'i) j y yj^ 3oys 0
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'".(LajjPj 37 ! oLjl-Ul)
Lot (AS) was from Kildan, from the land of Babylon. He was from
among the first and foremost of those to believe in Abraham (AS), and he
said, “Indeed I am migrating toward my Lord ” 13 Allah rescued him with
Abraham to the sacred land, the land of Palestine (Quran 21:71). Lot resided
in one of its cities, which was the city of Sodom as is mentioned in history,
the Torah and other narrations.
The people of this city and the other cities surrounding it - as Allah
named them ’the towns that were overturned’ (Quran 9:70) - worshipped
idols and committed obscenities, suh as sodomy, and they were the first
people to practice this among themselves (Quran 7: 80). They committed
this act in their gatherings without denouncing. This outrageous sin
continued to spread until it became a national custom that the general public
were practicing. They neglected women and cut off procreation (Quran
29:29).
So Allah sent Lot (AS) to them (Quran 26:162) and he called them to
have fear in Allah and to relinquish their obscene actions, and to return to
the path of nature. He warned them and scared them, but it only increased
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their rebellion, and their answer was nothing but, 'Bring us the punishment
of Allah if you are of the truthful!' They threatened him with expulsion from
their city and said to him, “...if you do not relinquish you will surely be
banished ” 14 and “They said, 'expel Lot's family from your town! They are
indeed a puritanical lot.” 15
...until rebellion was firmly established in them and they became
deserving of the word of punishment, Allah sent to them messengers from
among the eminent angels to destroy them. They came to Lot in the form of
youths visiting him as guests. This became hard for Lot and a predicament
for their sake, because of what he knew about his people and what they
would do to them and that they would certainly not leave them. It was not
long before the people heard about them and rushed towards him, charging
at his house. He went out to them and excessively advised them and
reminded them of their youthfulness and maturity, and he even offered them
[to marry] his own daughters, saying: 'O my people, these are my daughters:
they are purer for you. Be wary of Allah and do not humiliate me with
regard to my guests.' He then asked for assistance saying, 'Is there not a
single right-minded man among you?' They replied by saying that they had
no need for his daughters and would certainly not leave his guests, until Lot
lost hope and said, “If only I had the power to deter you, or could take
refuge in a mighty support!” 16
The angels then said, 'O Lot, we are messengers from your Lord, do not
worry, the people will not reach you.' They then blinded the eyes of the
people and they dispersed them making them insanse and they departed
(Quran 54:37). The Cry then took them over at dawn, and Allah sent down
upon them stones of clay, marked by your Lord for the profligate. He
upturned their cities on top of them and turned them upside down, and He
picked out those therein who were faithful, but did not find other than one
house of muslims, which was the house of Lot, and He left therein a sign for
those who fear a painful punishment (Quran 51:37, and other verses). 17
Notes
1. 80 : .
2. Quran 7:80
3.5/152/12 : jijrtiji*.
4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 12, p. 153, no. 5
5.8/157/12 :
6. It is narrated in Kanz al-Ummal, no. 32361 from Abu Hurayra: 'Allah did not send a
prophet after him without being rich among his people. But the correct version is what has
been mentioned in the text.
7. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 12, p. 157, no. 8
8. 26 . .
9. 1 67 : 4 .
10. 56 : J-Ji .
11. 80 : .
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12.352/ 10 : oyj
13. Quran 29: 26
14. Quran 26: 167
15. Quran 27: 56
16. Quran 11: 80
17. Tafsir al-Mizan, v. 10, p. 352
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1697 - lo.fcyLg oji* j
1697. JACOB AND JOSEPH (AS) [YAQuB AND YuSUF]
*b[l 4)1 j[ L 4dj ^jj)
IjJll ijjjJixJ La 4dl! i[ ojGJl cGjJGj ^ ^ O^GAG
(O^GlGG 4J ^ l3[ t3L>s~a^ ^)*pLc^^ ^3Ij L I cLG] -iGj
“Abraham enjoined this [creed] upon his children, and [so did] Jacob,
[saying], 'My children! Allah has indeed chosen this religion for you; so
never die except as muslims.' Were you witnesses when death approached
Jacob, when he said to his children, 'What will you worship after me?’ They
said, 'We will worship your God, and the God of your fathers, Abraham,
Ishmael, and Isaac, the One God, and to Him do we submit. 2
.49 ! f.j* j 102 - 3 ! (4^')
0^4 \ a ^ dp d-ty-G! 4aJ , B5964
4j() La-U C iG 43^P (3 aIxj 0[/a4 JG"5 ^ 4^5^ (3 4TGG li 4dp
-L«jdl ojyG G c G JG GAT]!! 44! ■ /yjG- ■ " ^ G ■ 4j3LG
!? j(p-Sf! dJ-cG ^jlS' 4f.U:G Gj !?
5964. Amali al-Tusi, from Musa b. Said al-Rasibi, who said, ’When
Jacob went to Joseph (AS), Joseph came out with a group of people to
receive him. He went past the wife of the governor while she was
worshipping in one of her rooms. When she saw him she recognised him
and called out to him with a sad voice, ’O rider, how long you have rendered
me sorrowful - how good piety is indeed in how it frees slaves! And how
bad sinning is indeed in how it enslaves the free!’ 4
", jAg aJiAji ■ *d!j 4Ap 4G (4"*^ ^ cly-aaj B5965
5965. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Joseph was given a good share of
beauty.’ 6
; gjsi\ y\ ji\ y\ ; 4J3 aA*. 4)i 4' Jy-y .5966
2. ji-A]; A Cf- yj OjJGj yj OdajJ
5966. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’The honourable, son of the
honourable, son of the honou-rable, son of the honourable is Joseph, son of
Jacob, son of Isaac, son of Abraham.’ 8
LAL L)! jv^Ll IjJiG ij. C~>yi LG 0] ! ^bA-J! 4Ap JAG^i! ^G^l .5967
Gj^Js ... ^(GyAli- j»G3 G-J-LSl 4iS'lj j! 1 — sG-l ^]) ; Jli t ,4>G (j
3? G !jJdp! 4l*j! A>yutj
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5967. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'When the sons of Jacob asked him to
allow Joseph to go outside with them, he said to them, 'I fear the wolf may
eat him while you are oblivious of him'. 11 , 'Jacob suggested to them an
excuse which they later used as a deception for Joseph.' 12
Notes
I. 133 t 132 : s^Ji.
2. Quran 2:132,133
3. 1021 / 457 ! JtAli •
4. Amali al-Tusi, p. 457, no. 1021
5. 32400 : judi .
6. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 32400
7. 32404 : jluji .
8. Ibid. no. 32404
9. 13 , 1 Ji .
10. 20 / 415 / 2 : uAJ' jy .
II. Qur'an 12:13
12. Nur al-Thaqalayn, v. 2, p. 415, no. 20 Amali al-Tusi, p. 457, no. 1021
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1698 - fbLJi Up L>y\
1698. JOB (AS) [AYYUB]
4j U LjlUxs 4 L_aUU ^ cU j jgUl gp ajj ^Stj U^hj)
*. <j gjS’ij Ij-Up U-j jU-*-* jU-Uj il*6l oLUTj J^a
“And Job, when he called out to his Lord, 'Indeed distress has befallen
me, and You are the most merciful of the merciful.' We answered his
prayer and removed his distress, and We gave him [back] his family along
with others like them, as a mercy from Us, and an admonition for the
devout. ” 2
.44 - 41 : ^ (> i)
(See also: Qur'an 38:41-44)
oir l« 1 ; Jl* ■ 4Tj up u u .5968
UcUii j_44 i_jU u»-S 44 b! ! Jii ! ua 7 [b/] !ju ? 4U4i tli 4144"
4
5968. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Allah Almighty revealed unto Job
(AS), 'Do you know what your sin to Me was when you were struck with
calamities?' He said, 'No.' Allah Almighty said, 'You went to Pharaoh and
you flattered him with two words.' 5
c ^.Lj! jggAj l ^aLJl L)!U , aJTj Up .Ui! U '’j .5969
6. JUJ j^slj
5969. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Job was the most tolerant and patient
of people, and the strongest at suppressing his anger.' 7
o! <UJl c^p^ , La^j a] c-JLi ^bbUl Up o\jA oj ■ .5970
\ (jii ! Lgiju f jy^2j L.L p &uui ^ lu ! ^343 : ! auuj
^ , (j^P bh 4d s -Utj cU4 jvU
5970. Ibn Abbas narrated, 'The wife of Job (AS) said to him one day, 'If
only you supplicated to Allah to cure you!' He said, 'Woe unto you! We
enjoyed blessings for seventy years, so lets be patient with calamities in its
equivalent!' The narrator says, 'He did not stay after this for long until he
was cured.' 9
i Ji bb> (j ff* 4jjjI (Uil ! j»bUJl Up ^La*bl .5971
5971. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Job was afflicted for seven years
without having committed a single sin.' 11
bL ^bUJl Up* UjjI 4jLj U Oj ! ^bUJl Up J34U ^Labh .5972
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5972. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah, Blessed and most High, afflicted
Job (AS) without him committing a single sin, and he was patient until he
was mocked, and prophets do not tolerate being mocked.’ 13
14.
5973. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Job never asked for wellbeing in any of
the calamities he was struck with.' 15
Notes
1. 84 t 83 : .
2. Quran 2 1 83 ,84 !
3. 4468 / 174 / 3 ! “-A'' y j ^ ijjiyUil u .
4. 32318 : judt >r.
5. Kanz al-Ummal, no 32318
6. 32316 : Jii-Jt jA.
7. Ibid. no. 32316
8. 456 / 165 : .
9. al-Daawat, p. 165, no. 456
10. 3 / 75 : au .
1 1. Hal al-Shara'i, p. 75, no. 3
12.4/75 : ^vJi jip.
13. Ibid. p. 75, no. 4
14. 147 / 139 ! y-^ ■
15. Qasas al-Anbiya', p. 139, no. 147
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1699 - <u Ip
1699. SHUAYB (AS)
y* ^sjL« dtil Ij (JlJ L^lj)
j IjjlJj ^i!ii iyL^s 5i>Jij i^ljh i&3
14J Ijlij °1 Ills' LJii IjjIs'jjJU! ...*0^ji ^01 ^
'■ [cAr?^ f-* *4^
“A/to to /toe people of] Midian, Shuayb, their brother. He said, '() my
people, worship Allah! You have no other god besides Him. There has
certainly come to you a manifest proof from your Lord. Observe fully the
measure and the balance, and do not cheat the people of their goods, and
do not cause corruption on the earth after its restoration. That is better for
you, if you are faithful. '...Those who impugned Shuayb became as if they
had never lived there. Those who impugned Shuayb were themselves the
losers 3
! 190 ■ 176 ! 79 t 78 ! 95 ■ 84 ! sy* (j^O
.14 ! Jij 37 t 36 ! 45
(See also: 11:84-95, 15:78-79, 26:176-190, 28:45, 29:36-37, 50:14)
\ \ <ui p .5974
5-lSsj OLSj c |^Jlp ,Uil p*L>-
5974. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Allah Almighty only sent five prophets
from the Arabs: Hud, Salih, Ishmael, Shuayb, and Muhammad, the seal of
the prophets, peace of Allah be upon them; and Shuayb was one who cried
very much.’ 5
. „ ji / I
Jljiji <J <uj3j ^>LJl <uIp <W2i ojl^>J
Details of the Story of Shuayb and his People in the Holy Quran
ol5j - (3-/^ J AijwLo “ dr4 aJ-p
l^JUP ^rl ij|j £4,lc 0j4“L> 0^ ^1p ^^4 t aJiP ^w*» jJ*
, Q-* aL&L> AP^ C ^Jt*P y* C (27 ■ ^ 1 1 ) OwLLP
I JLS2.I ^2j24j ,+ ^ Xa) c ^**,<2 4-1 J
364
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He (AS) was from Midian - a city on the way to Sham from the Arabian
Peninsula - and he was a contemporary of Moses (AS). He married one of
his two daughters to Moses on condition that he hire Moses to work for him
for eight years, and if he worked for ten years, then it would be his own
choice (Quran 28:27). Moses served him for ten years, and he then bid
farewell to him leaving for Egypt with his family.
His people from Midian worshipped idols and were blessed with
security, luxury, fertile land, and cheap prices. Corruption spread among
them, and the defrauding of weights and measures became common (Quran
11:84, and others). Allah then sent Shuayb to them and commanded him to
forbid them from worshipping statues, causing corruption on the earth, and
defrauding scales and weights. Shuayb invited them to what he had been
commanded and advised them by warning them [of chastisement] and
giving them glad tidings [of Paradise], He also reminded them of what had
happened to the people of Noah, Hud, Salih, and Lot.
He (AS) excessively debated with them and exhorted them, but it only
increased their rebellion, disbelief and corruption (Quran: Surah Araf, Surah
Hud, and others). None but a small group of people believed in him, and
people started hurting, mocking and threatening the followers of Shuayb
(AS). They lay in every street comer, threatening and barring from the path
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of Allah those who believed in Him, seeking to deviate them from the right
path (Quran 7:86).
They accused him (AS) of being enchanted and that he was a liar (Quran
26:185,186). They threatened him and those who believed in him of
expulsion from their village unless they reverted back to their creed (Quran
7:88). They continued to abuse them until they made him lose hope in them,
so he left them to themselves (Quran 11:93). Shuayb prayed to Allah for
victory and said, 'O Lord, give us victory over our people in truth, and You
are the best of those who give victory.’ Allah then sent the punishment that
occurred on the cloudy day (Quran 26:189), and they were mocking him,
saying, 'Throw onto us punishment from the Heavens if you are of the
truthful’, and the Cry seized them, and the earthquake seized them (Quran
11:94, 7:91, 29:37), so they lay lifeless prostrate in their homes, and He
delivered Shuayb and the faithful who were with him (Quran 11:94). So he
abandoned them and said, 'O my people! Certainly I communicated to you
the messages of my Lord, and I was your well-wisher. So how should I
grieve for a faithless lot?' (Quran 7:93). 8
Notes
1. Although Prophet Shuayb (AS) is not recognised as a prophet in the Judeo-Christian
faiths, he is known in the biblical tradition as Jethro, Moses' father-in-law (ed.)
2. 92 - 85 : .
3. Quran 7:85-92
4. 157 / 145 : aAi ^ .
5. Qasas al-Anbiya', p. 145, no. 157
6. Shuayb (AS) was the third Arab prophet whose name was mentioned in the Quran,
along with Hud, Salih and Muhammad (SAW A). Allah Almighty speaks parts of his story
in chapters: Araf [7], Hud [1 1], Shuara? [26], Qasas [28], and AnkAbut [29].
7. 377 / 10 ! .
8. Tafsir al-Mizan, v. 10, p. 377
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1700 - U^~Lc- jjjiaj yy
1700. MOSES AND AARON (AS) (Musa AND HaRuN)
, 0 ULij 1 ^ A HjT -LA )
“Certainly We gave Moses and Aaron the Distinguisher, as a light and
reminder for the Godwary. ” 2
(LASCi ^yy ^3 dLL- ^ dLL- ai
3
“and apostles We have recounted to you earlier and apostle We have
not recounted to you, and to Moses Allah spoke directly. ”
- 5 ! 26 ■ 20 ! o-isiiij 1 10 t 17 ! syj 93 ■ 49 ! <51/1 (jJli)
■ 114 ! 0UU2J3 69 ! 24 c 23 ! 53 ■ 51 ! f-ys 8
46 - 3 ! 12 ! 45 ! j 54 c 53 ! yj^j 122
97 - 9 : 104 - 101 : ,\y% 93 - 75 : ^ 54 - 52 : Ju; %
•~A 46 ■ 23 ! y^y 12 ! yy 68 ■ 10 ! s-3*-^ 13 49 - 45 !
: 162 - 159 < 156 - 103 : 11 : 56 - 46 :
15 ! oipjUij 16 c 15 : 544b 5 ! 40 - 38 ! obji-Uij 33 - 17
.26-
(See also: Qur'an 2:49-93, 11:17, 11:110, 5:20-26, 14:5-8, 19:51-53, 32:23-
24, 33:69, 37:114-122, 40:53-54, 41:45, 46:12, 28:3-46, 8:52-54, 10:75-93,
17:101-104, 20:9-97, 23:45-49, 26:10-68, 38:12, 40:23-46, 43:46-56, 66:11,
8:103-156, 7:159-162, 44:17-33, 51:38-40, 62:5, 73:15-16, 79:15-26)
: fSLJl <uL- b\yy y Jl 4)1 yy\ fSLJl Up .5975
Aill L yfi 7 ! Jilts ? eJ:. alg y?lj ,j— dAaiUjl ji b cSj-bl
4 dL— 5 jAi ^yf^^ 4i p-— ; *iLi ; U[
5975. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah revealed unto Moses son of Imran
(AS), 'Do you know O Moses why I picked you from My creation and chose
you to speak to?' He said, 'No, O Lord.' So Allah revealed to him, 'I looked
at the earth and did not find anyone on it more humble before Me than you.'
6
yff j <• i_yy 345—’! y. y y <Jy ■ 4 U Up u i_s4^ 4^ Jj-— j .5976
7 < ^
■ 4j C
5976. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The first prophet from the Children of
Israel (Bani Isra’il) was Moses and the last of them was Jesus, and [they
had] six hundred prophets.’ 8
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cj ■ aJTj Adp Ad ^La? awi ■ ^Wp Cj^ cCr-^^ cd o.kii .5977
^Ls L5lj C j-Lv^Jl -L*j>t3 ^»*vvP U»li
3^-*»j Ij^Jijl ■ 3^-^ ^ . aJ l^Jljii c JpjJl <Jl>-j (/y» Ajljf
9
aJ aJ Adp- aw I ^Ju/^ aw I
5977. al-Tabaqat al-Kubra: Ibn Abbas narrated, 'The Prophet (SAWA)
said, 'I saw Jesus, Moses and Abraham. As for Jesus, he had shrivelled, red
skin and broad shoulders. Moses was a well-built person, heavy as if he was
a gipsy.' He was asked, 'And Abraham?' He said, 'Look at your friend',
referring to himself.' 10
oljly t LowJSvj (jj-Ul ... au -l«aA-I 1 ^bddl aTp ^^ip ^L*Vl .5978
", Jjlaj *)lj i LldjSI *)!j bd t 1 A.lgP AjIjT
5978. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Praise be to Allah... who spoke to Moses
directly and showed him His great signs without the use of body parts, tools,
the organ of speech or the uvula.' 12
cuci ! - f.LJ'yi -iaj jLi j - ^bddl Adp .5979
L> 1 4&I
AX Ij
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14
5979. Imam Ali (AS) said in describing the asceticism of the prophets, ’If
you want, I will give a second example of Moses, the interlocutor of Allah
(AS), when he said, ’My Lord I am indeed in need of any good You may
send down to me!’ 15 By Allah, he did not ask Him for anything other than
bread to eat because he used to eat the herbs of the earth.' 16
jjjegu jL,j of Jlp jjj id 01 : fbLJi Adp iiiddi .5980
Ajl>*^d Jdl (Jjj i. ^jdl^d Ajlj A^dJ ^JlP OjJjj C AC^dl jL/2^-1 Cd ^AyA
jd* Jj c ijJjd did 3 aJIs (j ^j£s jj>- ^ ^ jj-io
o\j) ^L*JJ djLj aWI bad C JA aJp
5980. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'When the Pharoah realised that Moses
would be the cause of the downfall of his kingdom, he called the divinators
and they told him of Moses's lineage and that he was from the Children of
Israel. Pharoah continued to order his men to cut open the stomachs of all
the pregnant women from the Children of Israel until he killed in his search
more than twenty thousand children, but he was not able to kill Moses
because Allah the Almighty protected him.' 18
U^~Lc- jjjLaj J_p-
Details of the Story of Moses and Aaron (AS)
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19
J^iJ1
He was bom in Egypt in an Israeli house at the time when all the male
newborns of the Children of Israel were being slaughtered by Pharaoh's
order. His mother concealed him in a casket and threw him in the sea.
Pharaoh then took him and returned him to his mother [not knowing that she
was his mother and thinking her to be a wet-nurse] so that she could nurse
him and bring him up, and he grew up in Pharaoh's house.
Moses became mature, killed someone from the Pharaoh's tribe
[accidentally] and fled from Egypt to Midian in fear that Pharaoh and his
men would kill him in retribution [for his action]. He stayed in Midian with
Shuayb (AS) and married one of his two daughters.
When Moses had fulfilled the stay required of him there, he then left with
his family, and saw the fire on the side of Mount Sinai, as they had lost their
way in the cold, rainy night. He stopped them there and went to the fire to
bring for them a brand from it, or find some guidance at the fire. So when he
came to it, Allah called him from the right side of valley in the sacred place
of the Tree. He, Almighty, spoke to him and chose him, and gave him the
miracles of the staff and the glowing hand among nine other signs. He,
Almighty, elected him to give the message to Pharaoh and his people and to
save the Children of Israel, and He ordered him to go to him.
Moses went to Pharaoh and invited him to the word of Truth and asked to
send the Children of Israel with him, and not to punish them. He showed
Pharaoh the miracle of the stick and the glowing hand, but he rejected and
countered him with the sorcery of the magicians. The magicians came with
great magic with pythons and snakes, but Moses threw his stick on the
ground and it swallowed what they had faked. The magicians fell down in
prostration, saying, 'We believe in the Lord of the worlds, the Lord of
Moses and Aaron.’ Pharaoh insisted in his disbelief and threatened the
magicians and did not believe.
Moses (AS) continuously invited Pharaoh and his followers to belief
showing them sign after sign, like the flood, the locusts, the lice, the frogs,
the blood, and other manifest signs, but they persisted in their haughtiness.
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Whenever evil would befall them, they would say, 'O Moses, pray to your
Lord for us for what He has bestowed unto you that if you were to take
away this evil we will believe in you and we will send the Children of Israel
with you. But when Allah took away the punishment for an allocated time,
they would break their commitment.
Allah then ordered him to leave with the Children of Israel during the
night, and they left until they got to the sea shore, with Pharaoh and his
soldiers pursuing them. When the two sides sighted each other, Moses'
companions said, 'Indeed we have been caught', to which he replied,
'Certainly not! Indeed my Lord is with me. He will guide me.' Then he was
commanded to strike the sea with his staff, whereupon it parted. So they
crossed the sea, with Pharaoh and his hosts following them. When all of
them had reached the shore, Allah closed the water back over them [i.e.
Pharaoh and his hosts] and drowned every last one of them.
When Allah saved them from Pharaoh and his soldiers extracting them to
dry land, and there was no water or plants there, Allah was kind to them and
sent down manna [a sweet] and quail to them. Moses was ordered to hit a
stone with his stick, and from it gushed out twelve springs of water. Every
tribe came to know its drinking-place, and they drank and ate from it, and
He shaded them with clouds.
Allah then made an appointment with Moses for forty nights for the
descent of the Torah on Mount Sinai. Moses chose seventy of his men to let
them hear Allah speaking to him. They heard but said, 'We will not believe
in you until we see Allah in person, so the thunderbolt seized them as they
looked on. Allah then revived them by the request of Moses, and when the
tryst was completed Allah sent down the Torah and informed him of al-
Samiri who was leading his people astray after him, worshipping the calf.
Moses returned to his people angry and regretful, and he burnt the calf
and scattered it into the sea, and expelled al-Samiri, saying to him, 'Begone!
It shall be your lot throughout life to say, 'Do not touch me....' As for the
people, they were ordered to repent and kill [those among] themselves [who
had worshipped the calf], and they were forgiven after that. But they were
haughty in accepting the laws of the Torah until Allah raised the montain
over them.
They became bored of eating manna and quail and said, 'We will not put
up with one kind of food.' So, they asked him to invoke his Lord to bring
forth for them of that which the earth grows, of its greens, cucumbers,
garlic, lentils, and its onions. They were then ordered to enter the sacred
land that Allah had ascribed to them, but they refused so Allah prohibited it
to them and struck them with deviation, making them wander on the earth
for forty years.' 20
Notes
1. 48 : .
2. Quran 21:48
3. 164 : s.1 — dl .
4. Quran 4:164
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5.. 275. 165 ju7i.
6. Amali al-Tusi, p. 165, no. 275
7.5/7 / 13 : \ j u.
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 13, p. 7, no. 5
9. 417 / 1 oUJaJl .
10. al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, v. 1, p. 417
11.. 182 ! AC-"%i I .
12. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 182
13. 24 ! St .
14.. 160 ! ipSUl gi .
15. Qur'an, 28:24
16. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 160
17.15/47/13 : jiy7i jU.
18. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 13 p. 47, no. 15
19. 40 / 16 : OtjAt jy^JU .
20. Tafsir al-Mizan, v. 16, p. 40
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1701 ■ ys^-\y l ycy
1701. MOSES AND KHIDR (AS)
Lilj ... ^ IJL>- yy^il i_S^~ fr1' ^ ol£aJ ^yy Jll
liLj jl dJj) Stjli lAlis jlS^ LiA yAS" 0^3 A^-LiJl ij Al5\j
aJIp L« ^jjjlj i2JJ3 1 CPy£ l^wLil
'■ (b^>
“ When Moses said to his lad, 7 will go on [ journeying ] until I have
reached the confluence of the two seas, or have spent a long time
[travelling]. '...As for the wall, it belonged to two boy orphans in the city.
Under it there was a treasure belonging to them. Their father had been a
righteous man. So your Lord desired that they should come of age and
take out their treasure as a mercy from your Lord. I did not do that of my
own accord. This is the interpretation of that over which you could not
maintain patience. ” 2
f i eJJi jLii L^JL.1 ly,y SSil ! aJTj aJ. p a&I J-a’ a3)I .5981
\ *_«
5981. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'May Allah be pleased with my brother
Moses, he was shy and said that [which he was not supposed to], and if was
to have stayed with his companion [al-Khidr] he would have seen the
greatest of wonders.' 4
4)Lj &\ &u i H^y tij [yj~\ 01 : ffJ>\ aAp .5982
S OiS"" aJ 1 axjT t . a^Sj aIAjj ajI^JL ff^^y oJ^-f
dJldJ 1 {eg* Lclj c \yzs~ OjAjt "ifl s-UaJ aX^jLi aAL>- y
5982. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Khidr was a sent prophet. Allah
Almighty sent him to his people, to call them to His Oneness and to
acknowledge the prophets, messengers and their scriptures. His miracle was
that any time he sat on dry wood or barren land, greenery would sprout from
it, and this is why he was called Khidr.' 67
yy ! fy . aI^AJI \ a Jp .5983
8. fSLJ! aAp : JL5 ? LS\f\
5983. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The mosque of Sahla has the climate of
the rider.' He was asked, 'And who is the rider?' He said, 'Khidr (AS).' 9
*)! yy oLsU jL* y y y y2^~\ 0] ! aJp La>j)I .5984
aJ)j t. A. .~i ^ j Sy aJ fp LaJLJ aj[j t jfA j ja-
^ £~~*~ ^ . /j t? . $ AA^. J • ^ * 1 AjIj i. Adp ^-L^. — ^3 ^ ^ '. /. J-
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AJldp Ll^jli A-do-j Aj JaJ jA*> j t $.Ip^ ^J_P 0^3^ A-i^*J dX^Lj.!
Aj Aj J^ygjj
5984. Imam al-Rida (AS) said, 'Khidr has drunk from the fountain of life,
so he is alive and will not die until the horn is blown.' 11
jTjih fj U^Xp iiai
The Story of Moses and Khidr in the Quran
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jj>-lj dAi-4 L)L5j c u y>x-^\ l3 a^uLw-JI \J«i |
.L^aS a-*ajc« Lg_x^>t^ c L^p a-luL^ J^”
374
w w w . alhas s anain . or g/engli sh
t aJLJlI/^ o/5\j ^ *>• ^ a &j*j! Aj 1 c oijj 1 0^5^ 1/15" jl5^ U>lj
. 4jdjui3 c L«*-j ol5j A^« Lo_i>wL*J aAxs! 0^ L 4yb*)}\ A^yi I l xv ^
c l^-Lv^ L«^jj I Ol5j c L>_i> yS" az£. oISj a^j J-Ll yy^kx] 01^® jl~l4^
U^-Lil L*-Lj a_^_/1 jl ^*k^} a^*51 a^^JI l ^
.^bJl ^«1 ^igJ ^j/g a i 1 jJj c \J^yS" U>-/> s^u*oj
^ tAj ^JjLJI l® L^JjjIjj CA^il ^P Jj l£/^ ^jp C-Ja3 (^jJl Cul*3 L«j [ Jli
The scholar [al-Khidr] said, 'Verily you will not be patient with me in
things that you see me do, the interpretation of which you do not have
knowledge about. How can you be patient about something your knowledge
does not comprehend?' Moses promised him that he will be patient and will
not disobey him in anything by the will of Allah. The knowledgeable
scholar said to him - according to what he requested from Moses and what
Moses promised him - 'So if you follow me do not ask me regarding
anything until I myself tell you about it.'
Moses and the scholar started off on their journey until they boarded a
ship that had people on it - and Moses did not have any knowledge of what
the intention of the scholar was - and the scholar pierced the ship in such a
way that it could not be prevented from sinking. This bewildered Moses and
made him forget his promise, so he said to the scholar, 'Did you make a hole
in it to drown those aboard it? You have certainly done a monstrous thing!'
The know-ledgeable man said to him, 'Did I not say, indeed you cannot have
patience with me?' Moses apologized to him for the promise he had made
[and broken] to be patient, saying, 'Do not take me to task for my forgetting,
and do not be hard upon me.'
So they went on until they encountered a boy, and the knowledgeable
man killed him. Moses could not control himself from going back on his
word, so he reproved the action, saying, 'Did you slay an innocent soul,
without [his having slain] anyone? You have certainly done a dire thing!'
The knowledgeable man said again, 'Did I not tell you, indeed you cannot
have patience with me?' Moses did not have anything to say to apologize
and to prevent him from abandoning him, which he would not be content
with. So he requested him that if he was to ask another question, he would
[be justified to] break off company with him, saying: 'If I question you
about anything after this, do not keep me in your company. You have
already got sufficient excuse on my part.' And the knowledgeable man
accepted.
So they went on, until they came to a town - and they were hungry - so
they asked its people for food, but none of them agreed to extend them any
hospitality. There was a wall which was about to collapse, so the
knowledgeable man erected it. Moses said to him, 'Had you wished, you
could have taken a wage for it so we could have satisfied our hunger with it.
We are in need of it and the people do not accommodate us!'
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The knowledgeable man said to him, 'This is where you and I shall part. I
will inform you about the interpretation of that over which you could not
maintain patience.' He then said, 'As for the ship, it belonged to some poor
people who work on the sea and earn their living by it. There was a king
after them wanting to seize every ship usurpingly, so I damaged it making it
faulty so that he would not be interested in it.
As for the boy, he was a disbeliever and his parents were believers. If he
was to live he would be overbearing with them with disbelief and rebellion,
but the mercy of Allah encompassed them, so He ordered me to kill the boy
so that He can give them in exchange one better than him in purity and
closer to mercy, therefore I killed him.
As for the wall, it belonged to two orphan boys in the city. Under it there
was a treasure belonging to them, and their father had been a righteous man.
So He ordered me to raise it so that the wall can be erect in order for them to
take out their treasure when they come of age. If the wall was to have fallen
the treasure would have been exposed and the people would have looted it.’
He then said, I did not do that out of my own accord, rather it is an order
from Allah and its interpretation is what I have informed you.’ He then left
Moses. 13
Notes
1. 82 ■ 60 ! .
2. Quran 18:60-82
3. 1 / 284/ 13 : jhAuu.
4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 13, p. 284, no. 1
5. 1 / 59 Jip .
6. Derived from the Arabic root kha-da-ra: green (ed.)
7. Ilal al-Shara'i , p. 59, no. 1
8.25/303/ 13 : ^ M.
9. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 13, p. 303, no. 25
10. 4 / 390 : ^ Jur .
11. Kamal al-Din, p. 390, no. 4 (These traditions are singular (ahad) and are not
decisive in narration, so there is no way to authenticate them by the Quran, authentic
traditions, or the intellect) [as mentioned in the footnote of the source reference]
12. 350/ 13 : oi*u yy***SU .
13. Tafsir al-Mizan, v. 13, p. 350
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1702 - ji
1702. ISHMAEL B. HAZQIL (AS)
aJJ> t jit 6153 * fcj 6153 opjJi Jji ^pi£i j jsi'j)
^ A Jj -Up 0IS3 olS)ilj oYbJlj
“And mention in the Book Ishmael. Indeed he was true to his promise,
and an apostle and a prophet. He used to bid his family to [maintain] the
prayer and to [pay] the zakat and was pleasing to his Lord.” 2
: j &i jii g;jji 5i : aU fiui -5985
axL s.lyS!l llJ 0L"" jj c ^ (... S' 3 ^3 )
Lji*j aSii ; jiu ail otjU t a— y 2s33 ojJAti t A-y* ^i ^
aAp L -A; Lp SyA 3 ■ JI-aL c-alp* Lp tjjU 3LJ
5985. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’The Ishmael that Allah mentions in His
book “And mention in the Book Ishmael...” was not Ishmael son of
Abraham, rather he was one of the prophets whom Allah Almighty sent to
his people, who took him and skinned his head and face. An angel came to
him and said, ’Allah has sent me to you, so command me with whatever you
wish.’ He said, 1 have an example before me in what will be done to al-
Husayn (AS).’ 5
iijl Jp ib ‘ bl 5i^3^pih Si : yLJi Up fiAh .5986
AXSjii dJjj ! a) (jLai i (jydLuJl
yj J* Oy*j
j ( obli
A~,\j 2 a A_^>-J 0_U_>- \j^JUj2£
■ cJlU c CPLPi l_P (jjU .j 1"p1 laj ja 1 jjjj dJj L cUj -ti | JyLj
, o^*»\ Jl L_gJp ^ jp *3-Ij
5986. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Ishmael was a messenger and a prophet.
A group ruled over him and they peeled the skin off his face and skinned his
head. A messenger [angel] came to him from the Lord of the worlds, and
said to him, ’Your Lord greets you and says, I have seen what has been
done to you.’ He has ordered me to obey you, so command me with
whatever you wish.’ So, he said, I have an example before me in al-Husayn
b. Ali (AS).’ 7
(3-^Lv^ Ail wcplC’*'! c_yll^sJl (3 j^lj) \ aJ^S 3 ■ ^5^*^ .5987
2 , ^ ^bL-Jl aJp- jjfcj c AiL aL-La? jbjli 1-tPj J_Pj | jli t(-tpjj|
5987. It is narrated in Tafsir al-Qummi, with regards to Allah's verse in
the Qur'an: “And mention in the Book Ishmael. Indeed he was true to his
promise ”, He made a promise for an appointment and waited for his friend
for one year, and his name is Ishmael, son of Hazqil.' 10
377
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Notes
1. 55 t 54 : ^ .
2. Quran 19: 54-55
3. 373 / 4 . .
4. 2 / 77 ! Jlp .
5. Hal al-Shara'i, p. 77, no. 2
6. 3 / 78 ! JIp .
7. Ibid. p. 78, no. 3
8.51 / 2 ! jy~-v .
9. Q o . . ol 3^*3 “ a*ip aiit 2gLJgJ' *L.5bd^ Jli
^-vsajj c A3*}\l9b Aj ^aj O' QM -ygM ^Ia* A_*jJli c j' apL^^j OwUaj i l <allg/o ol3"- La? jliail
AoLwaaJ' CaI a +j2 1' ~ s.L$jJ' AjLw^j , A_J^ A*9 jv^Aj O' A_o-Ls<2 Opj OL^l*' (_j A^v^jjj
oLc^i o' L«^3 c aaIx^ < 120L - aaxI'j obr*yj^
*)L$ ,^a>- — Lr^1 ^ir4 tj^2^ Jj}J X? ^Lr4 Jj-*' 4.S*)g>- £_* L«
^ j -*J $ i o' jA 0_PjJb s.l3jJ' (3JJo_S^ - A_j' jA ^Jp' ” aJj.5 C^La^Jb Alii j^P f.^_2Lo <_^JaJ'
(_£0_i' C ^ -yg L^r5*-' A_>-1>- jjo ^Jw>- j' Apb*-*1 A_*15^ , (JUj-Li (J$ A_Ji y>
$.^5*s_C O^Lp A-J| O >A? 1' (JL>- 3l^l»b A^ali^y ' , A Z y* A4a .^ip'j ■ '3^P s-li^J' aJp <3~L Aj
, tjb*jJ' Jbb Oj,J (3*^-^^ wL^-*^/' , A_J^« A2^« (3*^-^^ Aj 0_si»^ c
‘ C ^JjtAiL) A3 Jwv^J O' L^-*— j L« (Jj_flJ' ^ l3>^3 i ^i|y ^J' Aj^aI'
AjL>e_sAj' Op-j aJ'j aJ-P Oj' ^ ■ A»'j)jJ' (3j ■ (^' Ai^jjtl' A^I^J' ^jP
Aj^\j aJ'j aJp Ail' ^A*3 t AjLoJ ^-'<2 ( A«J^ ji Aot^J' -LiP Oj ig^Q O' aSCc
^ tj^A)0 ^<gi' ^Laa 'j_Aj t A_J| jOjp'j $.l_>t3 y^iJOj A-^' ^J- ^LJ°. C Oj lg ^ lil-LA ^b'
65 / 14 . O^jaI' juOJ (_j 0'j4^ ^0^*^ '-* D^ijAJ .
10. Tafsir al-Qummi, v. 6, p. 51
378
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1703 - Up
1703. ELISHA (AS) [AL-YASA]
“and Ishmael, Elisha, Jonah and Lot - each We graced over all the
nations. ” 2
o) : ■ ls1p aj £^>-1 ■ ^suji iuip i i5988
5988. Imam al-Rida (AS) - debating with the leader of the Christians,
said, 'Elisha (AS) did the same as what Jesus had done (AS) - he walked on
water, revived the dead, healed the blind and the leper, but his people did
not take him as a god.' 4
Notes
1. 86 : .
2. Quran 686 !
3. 307 / 407 / 2 : cu^t .
4. al-Ihtijaj, v. 2, p. 407, no. 307
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1704 - aJp JiSOi
1704. DHU'L KIFL (AS)
1
j o-? 5^ jU '3? D-qH) Ckf^“l3)
“And Ishmael, Idris, and Dhu'l-Kifl each of them was among the
patient. We admitted them into Our mercy. Indeed they were among the
righteous. ” 3
^ j&Ji lij £jJ\j f>\j)
“ And remember Ishmael , Elisha and Dhu'l-Kifl each [of whom was]
among the elect.” 5
L. Ji£ll gp feJA Ip iJb UJ - f^LJl Up Sl^Ll .5989
J^jjJu_Pj AstSjlj AjL» oJS^b dAil Cl Uj , ” ? ^
^-^-P- oljJ-vJ? ^ Ojj ^ J^*-P 4j IP^Aj Ul* C eJlJl
^V2_4j 0^5^ Lo-5^ ^bJl (j\J ^*/2j2J (jlSj c Up AjJ 0LU_^> Jjt l)\Sj ,
4JL0J2 P cU>- t lj J_)^P ijlSj c ^J^J)JP ^ *J c
6- (j(i-S[l ^ ji£il lij j
5989. Imam al-Jawad (AS) - when Abd al-A?im al-Hasani asked him
about Dhul Kifl and his name, and whether he was a messenger, said, 'Allah,
exalted be His remembrance, sent one hundred and twenty four thousand
prophets, of whom three hundred and thirteen were messengers, and Dhul
Kifl was one of them, peace of Allah be upon them all. He was after
Solomon, son of David (AS), and he used to judge between people like
David did before him. He never became angry other than for Allah, and his
name was Uwaydiya'. He is the one Allah, Mighty and Exalted, has
mentioned in His book, saying “ remember Ishmael, Elisha and Dhu'l-Kifl
each [of whom was] among the elect.” 7
Notes
1. Prophet Dhu'l Kifl (AS) is not one of the biblical prophets and so his Christian name
is unknown (ed.)
2. 86 t 85 : *uSli .
3. Quran 2l85,86i
4.48 : ^.
5. Quran 3848!
6. 277 / 213 ! jG ~ 2 >. .
7. Qasas al-Anbiya', p. 213, no. 277
380
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1705 - <uU- Sjjb
1705. DAVID (AS) [DAWUD]
“and remember Our servant David, [the man] of strength. Indeed he
was a penitent [soul]...”0 David! Indeed We have made you a vicegerent
on the earth. So judge between people with justice, and do not follow desire,
or it will lead you astray from the way of Allah. Indeed those who stary
from the way of Allah - there is a severe punishment for them because of
their forgetting the Day of Reckoning.” 2
“Certainly We wrote in the Psalms, after the Torah: “Indeed My
righteous servants shall inherit the earth. ” 4
! 84 ! 79 t 78 ! o-isiiij 55 ! 163 ! s.l~ji (4^)
.11 t 1 0 ! L~y 1 5 ! 80 ■ 78
(See also: Qur'an 4:163, 17:55, 5:78-79, 6:84, 21:78-80, 27:15, 34:10-11)
Alb ! aAs- Sjjb 4! 5^4 ^ ^ aAs- <5990
5990. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Allah Almighty revealed to David (AS), 'You
would be a great worshipper, if it was not for the fact that you consume
from the treasury and do not labour at all with your own hands.' He said,
'David (AS) then cried, so Allah revealed unto the iron, 'Soften yourself for
my worshipper David, and it did.' So, Allah softened the metal for him, and
he used to make an armour shield every day, and would sell it for one
thousand dirhams. He made three hundred and sixty shields and sold them
for three hundred and sixty thousand dirhams, and hence he no longer
needed the treasury.' 6
a-1p ijjli ^ *4 ■ 4 aJlp JLLsJl i5991
? liSV. liljl f L^ ! (Jlii ■ 44^ .>bSl ■ (Jli ? f L [
j Li : ju .^f\ 44a : Ju ? ud 44 j ul : ju . : ju
381
w w w . alhas s anain . or g/engli sh
! 3^ ? ^ \ Jli , 3^-^ ■ 3^ ? liJmil aSj lj\jb i5l^l
I ^jb>- 4^1 3^ > ^ lUJ jp-j c £•
(j |v4-^!;J (*4 Cf^ JaJL>- t OjLalj fji L. dTLs tJL* J-^jilLi J-ijli
2, baLJljl ^jj Jjy L* ^jij jvJsLa-P^
5991. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah Almighty revealed unto David
(AS), 'Why is it that I see you alone?' He said, 'I deserted people and they
deserted me because of You.’ 'So why is it that I see you quiet?' He said,
'My awe of You has rendered me quiet.' He Almighty asked, 'So why do I
see you tired?' He said, 'Your love has tired me.' He Almighty asked, 'So
why do I see you poor, whilst I have provided you?' He said, 'Undertaking
Your rights has empoverished me.' He Almighty asked, 'So why do I see
you humiliated?' He said, 'The greatness of Your indescribable Magnitude
has humiliated me, and this is Your right O Master.' Allah Almighty said,
'Then rejoice with grace from Me, for you will have whatever you want
when you meet Me. Associate with people to correct their morals, and
disassociate from them in their actions, and you will achieve from Me
whatever you desire from Me on the Day of Judgment.' 8
SSlI 1 t iyai ‘qU 0 I CSjij '• jL^ .5992
(JU-j c 23tLaj JjjbtJl ■ <j Lai V LjI-V^-J ^]\j\ J L t b ■
^aJJl (3 dTqjl I 0) u¥.j
9. V-
5992. It is narrated in Bihar al-Anwar: 'Prophet David (AS) left for the
desert by himself, so Allah revealed to him, 'O David, why is it that I see
you by yourself?' He said, 'O Allah, my yearning for meeting You has
become extreme, and has become an obstruction between me and Your
creation.' So, Allah revealed to him, 'Return to them, for if you bring me a
runaway servant I will inscribe you in the Tablet as praised.' 10
11 . jlp! ijjta d\s~ i aJTj <uip aSii &\ .5993
5993. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'David was the greatest worshipper
among mankind.' 12
L 01 Ojdajj Sjjb 0U" , dlj a2p ^L*2 ^1 .5994
' \ Aiil 1 o-LL Y 4j Uj t
5994. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'People would visit David thinking that
he was sick, whilst there was nothing wrong with him other than his
extreme fear of Allah Almighty.' 14
Jl oUUl Jy L. dilii ijjb L^ : Up jiUl ^1 .5995
OLUA OJU Oir dJJdSj i jj~\n ./al
382
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5995. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'As for David, he owned all that was
between al-Shamat, till the land of Istakhr, and the kingdom of Solomon
was the same.’ 16
Notes
1.26- 17 : ^.
2. Quran 3826- 17:
3. 105 : *U^I .
4. Quran 21 105:
5. 3594 / 162 / 3 : “uidi t S .
6. al-Faqih, v. 3, p. 162, no. 3594
7. 280 / 263 : guS/t .
8. Amali al-Saduq, p. 164, no. 1
9. 26 / 40 / 14 \}yH\ .
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 14, p. 40, no. 26
n.32322 : Judi jA.
12. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 32322
13. 32323 : Jttdi jA.
14. Ibid. no. 32323
15. 110 / 248 : JUi-l .
16. al-Khisal, p.248, no. 110
383
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1706 - OU-L
1706. SOLOMON (AS) [SULAYMAN]
o[ 3^”" 3r* LLjj3 jdaJl 3^^* L3Jp ^l3l L^jI \j Jvlj SJ1S
‘. (i^i ji
“Solomon inherited from David, and he said, '() people! We have been
taught the speech of the birds, and we have been given out of everything.
Indeed this is a manifest advantage. ” 2
! 13 <. 12 ! 82 c 81 ! e.Lj*yij 84 ! ^1*3^3 163 ! *auJi (4^0
.102:^3 44- 17:^40- 30
(See also: Qur’an 4:163, 6:84, 21:81-82, 34:12-13, 38:30-40, 27:17-44, 2:102)
t ^ ■ Qj^ s ./? d 3y^ 3^ s • <o — ~ i c 3 3* — a4p o >5996
! ~ 3 3 ^-4 ! ? ^-31! (3 l ^ ^ J li ULu: 0 LJA 4—i 4j ^
-Up '4^*4 ‘VU-aj 3 4*' ^ 3j— **J 3 7 ! 34® ! ? d-d3 343 ot
4uotic 1 , ^ ^ ^ ^uip oaaa 342 : 3j4 a t-3-^ 7 lL-?4*3 ^
^3 ^-^z. dj S *: ^-3 ^*4 *4 & 3! ^ -Juti ? 3A4 Af—
Ujj ^-^p c-^u^~3 £.47 4A3A - .u 3 ^ ^ ^ y^ii !
, o^-P O3 3b ^4^* 4 3! ^aP-U
5996. Solomon (AS), when he saw a male sparrow saying to a female
sparrow, ’Why do you deprive me of yourself, for if I wanted I could take
Solomon's crown with my beak and throw it in the sea!' Solomon said to
him, smiling, 'Are you really able to do so?' The bird said, 'No, O Messenger
of Allah, but a man may embellish himself and greaten himself in front of
his wife, and a lover cannot be rebuked for what he says.’ Solomon then
asked the female sparrow, 'Why do you deprive him of yourself when he
loves you?' She said, 'O Prophet of Allah, he is not a lover, but a claimant
[of love], for he loves someone else besides me!' The words of this sparrow
affected Solomon's heart and he cried very much, and secluded himself from
people for forty days praying to Allah to empty his heart for his love for
Him, and to not mix it with love for anything other than Him.' 4
4-lji 3p l. lupj t 3 jjj ^ ^iDi 3,1 l. ljjI : fui Up 3l2a .5997
^jjdi 3 •} a'3 t-'-i-^3,3 3d! 3 ^ 3A>- 3-4^! -W- 4^ , 3 -4j«j jl L«j
3a- fs' 4' <3i ^>443 “-7^2^13 3 344 3-44? 4 3
5997. Solomon (AS) said, ’We have been given what people [in the past]
were given as well as what they were not given, and we know what other
people know as well as what they do not know. But we did not find
384
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anything better [in all of that] than fearing Allah in secret and in public, and
moderation in times of wealth as well as poverty, speaking the truth both in
[states of] pleasure and anger, and humility before Allah Almighty in every
situation.' 6
ojii ji t Lio jUdi Ji ua' o t jJ : Up fLAh .5998
t Add aJ aUp OUUA ddA Ot^l t SUA
(JAj jbjjj! Alij t Ajjd ^JaS'ClAj t AAjU> <jy"d lUii (. ^ dpj OjAJl
Ojy>-T ^ U c c Alb- ac* jb-dl cpOUA? c cpjJ.1
5998. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'If there was anyone who could secure a
ladder to everlasting life or a way to avoid death, it would have been
Solomon son of David (AS) who was given control over the domain of the
jinn and humans, along with prophethood and a great position [before
Allah] . But when he finished his allotment of sustenance [in this world] and
exhausted his [fixed] time, the bow of destruction shot him with the arrow
of death, houses became vacant of him and his habitations became empty,
and another group of people inherited them.' 8
isJj I iiLAl jUlai f%J\ Up OLJA 01 S' ^SLJl aUp .5999
(j>p) jjb ^)SAj c jlXbU-1 aJLp-j c
5999. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Solomon (AS) would feed his guests
meat in white flour, and his family brown bread with bran, and he himself
would eat unsifted barley.’ 10
j> OLawXO jjwdl j* apsM ^Ja>-A a* aJlp JbUUl *6000
u. UjJI (j ^kpl LJ U JJij 1 aJp Sjjb
6000. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’The last person to enter Heaven from
among the prophets is Solomon, son of David (AS), because of all that he
was given in this world.’ 12
ob jti fSLJ! aUp Sjjb jj 0UAU 01 : aUp .6001
g c ja A lSdl£ g AJ&J -b oijLJ aU 0) ; ajUx^ajS!
‘ CK dr; ‘ ‘ C^y-Pb 'J^b b^b Cr^'ib 6^'
j ^ wVij c JJJl (Jl L®
^Ip b» ^1p t 3>i JJLy£?li J_p
0^2.9 ^Ipl 0~^o oLy^P Jj>-I jjtjl (1)15^ iJLU , ! IjJLaS c
^ pi lx ^ 0 L,^> p ^!p c
aJ J IS IXJ3 c 0
y p s'**
0j-v^23 IjIjJ ^ e yb*>- upLi>
* l l l s. y s' «
!? 0^ doji JSj c .
385
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Ajj \ 3^-^ ■ AOb J Ajj ail Ij-A \ !? <JiAs>-S J
c^>- ! J ^ ? c-^>- : 3^ ‘ ^ ciii* lj 1 ! 3u ? c*j ' clr^ ^ ^ Jp“ '
(3 oi 3^3^ ^ <3b c ^ aj Oj^i uj ! 3u ■ 3^*^
L^\-1a (jL3l^> t oL^P (3^ A>-J)j iJJIa ^j/S * d 9 , AjIaJ Oj^ jJj~*
c 4ji Ojj-dlJ 4^) OjjlLj ^Ulj 4^1 4U0 L C— -« ^A>J oL*2_P ^lp
oj^SsJi ^ij*y i o-L& oL^2_p ^Jlp usCx* jj ol-Ja o] : Jii ., ^ ^ 3 $ i^jil£>-ij
o| : ^s 3^j ! o-i ixj o' lap 0--^ ^ jji Lj^j 4j| c^js^ij L ij L 0-joj
(JL5j ! cLd-iS"" LLLlpI JA— wj c oLv2-f- ^lp 4-A9lj 4j 1 L^jJ 4j|^ ^-L-- OL-JA
1x1 A— 4J I^aJhAI LOU $ 5-LO Lc o^-al 1x1 ^J-Aj 4-0 J 4Xl -Lp ^As t ijL-JA L)[ , 0^A4^!l
OAAA LvajxJI oIo^x-^nj! L^i^U- c-J lA 1 HU AAAA 0A2P U? c-o-U 4Aj*^1 ^j^-jyp
13 . 44^-3 ,_jLp 0^42-s (J-; Jl 4— Ip
6001. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Solomon, son of David (AS) one day
said to his companions, ’Allah Almighty has endowed upon me a kingdom
that no person after me will ever have. He has given me control of the wind,
the humans, the jinn, the birds and the animals, and He has taught me the
language of the birds. He has given me from everything, and with all that I
possess, there has never been a day when my happiness has continued until
night. I would like to enter my palace tomorrow and climp atop it and
oversee my subjects. So, do not permit anyone to come to me for I do not
want anyone to disturb my day.’ They said, ’Yes.’
When the next day came, he took his walking staff in his hand and went
up to the highest point of his palace. He stood there leaning on his staff
looking at his kingdom, happy for where he was and pleased with what had
been given to him, when suddenly he saw a young man with a handsome
face and neat clothes coming out to him from a comer of the palace.
When Solomon saw him, he asked him, ’Who let you enter the palace
when I wanted to be alone here for the day? And with whose per-mission
did you enter?’ The young man replied, ’The Lord of this palace let me enter
it, and with His permission I entered.’ Solomon said, ’Indeed its Lord is
more rightful to it than me, so who are you?’ He said, ’I am the angel of
death.’ Solomon asked, ’What has brought you here?’ He said, I have come
to take your soul.’ Solomon said, ’Do what you have been commanded to do,
for this is the day of my happiness, and Allah Almighty has refused for me
to be happy but only in meeting Him.’
So the angel of death took his soul, while he was leaning on his staff.
Solomon stayed leaning on his staff while dead until Allah wished so, while
the people continued to look at him [from below] thinking him to be alive.
People then argued and differed among each other, some saying, ’Solomon
has stayed leaning on his staff for all these days, and has neither become
tired nor slept nor drunk nor eaten. Surely he must be our lord whom we
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must worship!' Others said, 'Solomon is a magician, and he is showing us
that he can stand there leaning on his staff. He is conjuring our eyes, while it
is not actually so!' The believers said, 'Solomon is a servant of Allah and
His prophet, and Allah controls his affairs as He wishes.' So when they
differed among each other Allah Almighty sent termites who crawled into
Solomon's staff. When they had eaten the inside of the staff, it broke and
Solomon (AS) fell from his palace onto his face.' 14
Notes
1. 16 : .
2. Quran 27 1 6 !
3. 3 / 95 / 14 : .
4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 14, p. 95, no. 3
5.91/241 : jui-i.
6. al-Khisal, p. 241, no. 91
7. 182 iJai-i : 4p7Ji gi .
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 183
9. 363 / 142 : .
10. al-Daawat, p. 143, no. 363
11.7/ 41 ! f ' .
12. Mustatrafat al-Sara'ir, p. 41, no. 7
13. 2 / 73 ! Jtp .
14. Hal al-Shara'i, p. 73, no. 2
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1707-
1707. ZACHARIAS (AS) [ZAKARIYYA]
4J iLj&jj 4J ^ *3 4) l£31j 1j lAI))
III L^3 13j^p4jj ol^-dkl l3 lylS' jv4-^i ^
“And Zacharias, when he cried out to his Lord, 'My Lord! Do not leave
me without an heir, and You are the best of inheritors. ' So We answered
his prayer, and gave him John, and remedied his wife ['s infertility] for
him. Indeed they were active in [performing] good works, and they would
supplicate Us with eagerness and awe and were humble before Us.” 2
.12 - 1 ! 41 - 38 ! JT (4^')
(See also: Qur'an 3:38-41, 19:1-12)
c ojiiiiii ij <3 yj ■ *3 u ^ ^ .6002
4j-Uk c-.^a f£~js t 4f^iSl (3 hjOs
3. jUuAb Lgip lylli
6002. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The Children of Israel went to seek out
Zacharias in order to kill him, so he left fleeing into the desert. A tree parted
open and he entered into it, but the hem of his clothes remained outside, so
they came and stood around it, and sawed through him with a saw.' 4
5. '\j& cys; oir : dTj 4' J j-j .6003
6003. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Zacharias was a carpenter.’ 6
Notes
1. 90 j 89 : a-Ai .
2. Quran 21 89,90l
3. 32330 : JttJi yg .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 32329
5. 32329 : judi .
6. Ibid. no. 32330
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1708 - fbUJl Up ^4
1708. JOHN THE BAPTIST (AS) [YAHYA]
JJ- b ... * te- ji ^ J ^ s&i djjj 6) dj- t)
[jl3>- 333 °ij ^ Ljh OUj olSjJ bjJ IjlU-j ^ oU-jTj 033
' ^ *4i j 33 i— ■>$£- 3 3? 3 “4j 33?- U-^ j*bUj ^ '3^ ^
“O Zacharias! Indeed we give you the good news of a son, whose name
is “John.” Never before have We made anyone his namesake... ‘O John!’
[We said] ‘Hold on with power to the Book!’ And We gave him judgment
while still a child, and a compassion and purity from Us. He was Godwary,
and good to his parents, and was not self-willed or disobedient. Peace be to
him, the day he was born, and the day he dies, and the day he is raised
alive!”2
Qb;«/gM oLpS ijyy ijzf i_jU 3^3 ■ 3 Tj Up auI J-*» U i6004
3! ? dm* C^U~! Jp! ^ - i?L>- , 3 lih ^jdJl
6004. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'May Allah be pleased with my brother
John when he was invited by children to play, and he was small, and he
said, 'Was I created to play?!' So, what will there be for those who perceive
his statement as a sin?!' 4
^*3-U! Up if ~ , ajLT ^p ^bUJl Up J3LU! >6005
p ;5 ^ ✓ p
idU jJdj & 3! ! 3^ ^ Us ULw. ^ Up 3^ ■ " OUUJl
cUS3 - -jjd lils c (JS3 J3) U? ! Jli ? U^ ! ^.j4 3^ ■ U^P-
, ^WUl Up ^.j4 3^ ■ Jlib dUUy
L*p 'dll Jap] bj : ^UjI aJ 3 IS . old! JU jill ^ UN 3! J Ugp &\ Jh/\
", 331S -C*j U] SIp Uj 3 ^ oLaJi ^>- U_U3 JlaJl 3! ,3!
6005. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) narrated from his fathers (AS) the
conversation of John with the devil: ’John (AS) asked, ’Have you ever been
triumphant over me for any moment?’ He [the devil] said, ’No, but you have
a feature that pleases me.’ John asked, ’And what is that?’ He said, ’You are a
person who eats too much, so when you break your fast and fill yourself, it
prevents you from performing some of your prayers and night vigils.’ John
(AS) said, ’Therefore I will make a pledge to Allah that I will never fill
myself with food until I meet Him.’ Satan said to him, ’I will make a pledge
to Allah that I will never advise a submitter [muslim] again until I meet
Him.’ So he left and never returned to him after that.’ 6
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^ Ji3 fSUJl K/j iji ^ 5ir \^\ Up j{JalS3l fL.^1 .6006
.ygj oLSj c a u ygj ^*uu u^jp ^ ^ ^c«p oLSj . ■Ui ygj
t ^SUJl Up ^>j4 0tS^ f*>LJl Up
6006. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, 'John, son of Zacharias (AS), cried and
never laughed, and Jesus son of Mary (AS) would laugh and cry, and what
Jesus (AS) used to do was better than what John (AS) used to do.’ 8
Notes
1. 15 - Yl 31 \ f.j> .
2. Quran 197:, 12-15
3. 32425 : Jiui .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 32425
5. 692 / 340 : JiU .
6. Amali al-Tusi, p. 340, no. 692
7. 20 / 665 / 2 : jUf .
8. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 665, no. 20
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1709 -
1709. JESUS (AS) [ISa]
“ Indeed the case of Jesus with Allah is like the case of Adam: He
created him from dust, then said to him, 'Be ' and he was. ” 2
“and for their saying, 'We killed the Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, the
apostle of Allah ' though they did not kill him nor did they crucify him, but
so it was made to appear to them. Indeed those who differ concerning him
are surely in doubt about him: they do not have any knowledge of that
beyond following conjectures, and certainly they did not kill him. Rather
Allah raised him up toward Himself, and Allah is all-mighty, all-wise.
There is none among the People of the Book but will surely believe in him
before his death; and on the Day of Resurrection he will be a witness
against them. ” 4
! ojjiUj 253 t 87 ! 34 ■ 16 ! fiy j 58 - 45 ! JT
! 14 i 6 ! owJij 65 ■ 57 ! 1 — 50 ■ 118 ■ 110
.27
(See also: 3:45-58, 19:16-34, 2:87, 2:253, 5:110-118, 23:50, 43:57-65, 62:6,
62:14, 57:27)
‘ ‘ lssWj ‘ ls'a <ui s- .6007
6007. Prophet Jesus (AS) said, 'My servant is my own two hands; my
riding beast is my two feet, my bed is the earth, my pillow is a rock, my
warmth in the winter is the east of the earth.... I sleep and I do not possess
anything, and I wake up and I do not possess anything, but there is no one
on the face of this earth richer than me.' 7
Ij c is*. O'? ts? 34 ■ .6008
6008. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’The first prophet from the Children of
Israel was Moses (AS) and the last of them was Jesus (AS), and [they had]
six hundred prophets.’ 9
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t ^L*is jir ; aJTj aJp dll ^ .6009
10
■ j 1 aj^p- 'i—Lw.. ^ gu***^'
6009. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The food of Jesus was broad beans
until he was taken up [by Allah], and Jesus never ate anything that had been
changed by fire [i.e. cooked] until he was taken up.’ 11
ois^ i ji ui ! 'y£\ b , aJIj 4j_p ^ ^ .6010
t jlail c JSJj $.Lx^p
12 M JJ i ^ } > | I
“■ Cr ^ - 1 4>aj ‘ ‘ {y~y>
6010. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'O Um Ayman! Did you not know that
my brother Jesus never kept dinner for breakfast or breakfast for dinner?!
He would eat from the leaves of trees, drink from rainwater, wear hair-cloth,
sleep wherever he was, and he would say, 'Every day comes with its own
sustenance.’ 13
^>-j J-* kv-a . aJTj aJp All! J. a1)I .6011
15
. OJA 14^
6011. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'I saw Jesus son of Mary, and lo he was
a white-skinned man, and slim like a sword.' 16
ids CUJA Ojj I ■ aJp ^ -P AjLp (j - aJp ^Ip .6012
5 - --Al c t -Cals c aJp jy ^C^p Q
t L4jL>c«j t3;LAa (3 AJ*Ahj t yi-aJl a4-(^j l aJE[ t
t (ajJ^) Ajy4 -l!j t AUjjj 4j-jj aJ t Lg-tD CPCj U aJL4)_5 4-~&S3ij
^jolUj aJ^IPj to bWj AXjE tAidj £_i)» tAliij (JL»
6012. Imam Ali (AS), describing Jesus (AS) said, 'If you wish I will
speak about Jesus son of Mary (AS). He used to use a rock for his pillow,
wore rough clothes and ate dry food. His condiment was hunger; his lamp at
night was the moon, his shade during the winter was the east of the earth
and its west. His fruits and flowers were what the earth grew for the cattle.
He had no wife to seduce him, nor any son to grieve him, nor wealth to
deviate [his attention], nor greed to disgrace him. His two feet were his
riding beast and his two hands his servant.' 18
aJp ^~-^p ji' JW aJ^S j - j»bLJl aJp JbUdd! .6013
20 . Uuj : - l9(il^jL<3U Jj±3)
6013. Imam Jafar al-Sadiq (AS) with regard to Allah's verse in the
Qur'an: “He has made me blessed, wherever / may be.” 21 , narrated on the
authority of Jesus (AS), that he said, '[It means] One who greatly benefits
others.' 22
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0 1 ji iJ I 1 <L*23
The Story of Jesus and his Mother in the Quran
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■ °l) (V l^~4P
The mother of Jesus was Mary daughter of Imran. Her mother was
pregnant with her and she vowed to give whatever was in her womb in
consecration to serve the mosque, assuming that the child in her belly was a
male. But when she gave birth and saw that it was a female, she became
unhappy and sorrowful and named her Mary [Maryam], which means
servant - and her father Imran had passed away before her birth, so her
mother took her to the mosque to hand her over to the priests, among whom
was Zacharias (AS). They [the priests] argued about who would have her in
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his charge, but then agreed on drawing lots in which they all participated. It
came out for Zacharias so he took her in his charge, and when she came to
the age of maturity, he erected a veil between them and her wherein she
used to worship Allah Almighty, and no one would visit her other than
Zacharias. Whenever Zacharias entered the prayer niche, he found that she
had ready sustenance with her. He asked, 'O Mary, where did you get this
from?!' She said, 'It is from Allah; verily Allah provides to whomsoever He
likes without measure.’ She was truthful, and immaculate, by the protection
of Allah [against sins], pure, chosen, and spoken to - the angels spoke to her
that Allah had chosen her and purified her. She was one of the obedient ones
and one of Allah's signs to the worlds (Quran 3:35-44, 19:16, 21:91, 66:12).
Allah, most High, then sent the Spirit down to her while she was
secluded. It manifested to her as a well-proportioned human. He told her
that he was a messenger from her Lord that He may gift her, by the will of
Allah, a child without a father, and he also informed her of the magnificent
miracles that her child would produce. He informed her that Allah would
strengthen him with the Holy Spirit, and teach him the Book and the
Wisdom, the Torah and the Evangel, and that he would be a messenger to
the Children of Israel with miracles and signs. He also informed her of his
life and story, and then blew the Spirit into her. She became pregnant from
it like a lady bearing a child (Quran 3:35-44).
Mary then withdrew with him to a distant place. The birth pangs brought
her to the trunk of a date palm. She said, 'I wish I had died before this and
become a forgotten thing, beyond recall.' Thereupon he called her from
below saying, 'Do not grieve! Your Lord has made a spring to flow at your
feet. Shake the trunk of the palm tree; freshly picked dates will drop upon
you. Eat, drink, and be comforted. Then if you see any human, say, 'Indeed I
have vowed a fast to the All-beneficent, so I will not speak to any human
today.' Then carrying him she brought him to her people (Quran 19:20-27).
His birth, delivery, speech and other aspects of his life were all natural and
normal like other humans.
When her people saw her in such a state, they attacked her with
accusations, blaming her for what they witnessed as a woman having
become pregnant and given birth without a spouse. They said, 'O Mary, you
have certainly come up with an odd thing! O sister of Aaron! Your father
was not an evil man, nor was your mother unchaste.' Thereat she pointed to
him. They said, 'How can we speak to one who is yet a baby in the cradle?!'
He said, 'Indeed I am a servant of Allah! He has given me the Book and
made me a prophet. He has made me blessed, wherever I may be, and He
has enjoined me to [maintain] the prayer and to [pay] the zakat as long as I
live, and to be good to my mother, and He has not made me overbearing and
rebellious. Peace is to me the day I was born, and the day I die, and the day I
am raised alive.' (Quran 19:27-33).
Jesus (AS) grew up and became a youth, and lived a normal life as others
did: eating, drinking, and they experienced situations that all other creations
experience. Jesus (AS) was then given the message to give to the Children
of Israel, so he went to invite them to the religion of monotheism, saying, 'I
have come to you with a sign from your Lord that I will create for you from
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clay the form of a bird, and I will breathe into it and it will become a bird by
the will of Allah; and I will heal the blind and the leper and raise the dead
by the will of Allah; and I will inform you of what you eat and what you
keep in your houses. Verily in this is a sign for you. Verily Allah is my Lord
and your Lord, so worship Him.
He continued to call them to the Oneness of Allah and His new law until
he lost hope in them believing, seeing their tyranny and obstinacy, and the
haughtiness of the priests and clergies. Therefore, from among the group
who believed in him he chose the disciples as his helpers on the path to
Allah.
The Jews revolted against him wanting to kill him, so Allah took him and
raised him up to Himself, and the Jews were confused. So, whoever claims
that they killed him and whoever claims that they crucified him, [it was not
so] rather it was made to appear to them thus. 25
Notes
1. 59 : Jt.
2. Quran 3:59
3. 159- 157 : pL-ji.
4. Quran 4:157-159
5. j'ySlt j\A U (j US') . I (_rJj ! J-Ulil (J) ■
6.17/239/ 14:^1 j\a.
7. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 14, p. 239, no. 17
8. 13 / 524 : JuJ-i.
9. al-Khisal, p. 524, no. 13
10. 32357 : Ju-Ji .
11. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 32357
12. 32358 : Judi & .
13. Ibid. no. 32358
14. 137 / 1 : yLif : jLA) .
15.32359 :
16. Ibid. no. 32359
17. 160 Juku : gi .
18. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 160
19.31 : ^ •
20. 1 / 212 : .
21. Quran 19:31
22. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 212, no. 1
23. t ^ **'"*' AS-\jS" <ulp AL* Ij-A
4jL) \ L« <jLjj C /j* L* C y* .
24. 279 / 3 : j'jA .
25. Tafsir al-Mizan, v. 3, p. 279
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1710 - Up Lyl
1710. IRMIYA (AS)
Jjy 0-U (Jli L^Jiy)p ^JlP 4j jIA £5^) ^glp A (_£-UlA jl)
‘.(...
“Or him who came upon a township as it lay fallen on its trellises. He
said , 7/ow wi7Z Allah revive this after its death?!” 2
Uy>l ^ to JJrj ^ Sfo UJ - f^LJl Up jiUl .6014
,U-P«
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Ipj cUj L«
2, oJj>-la IpL*i ^ L^*^5"^IjL««
6014. Imam al-Baqir (AS), when a Christian scholar asked him about a
man who copulated with his wife and she became pregnant with two, both
in one hour, and she gave birth to both in one hour, and they both died in
one hour, and they were both buried in one grave, but one lived for one
hundred and fifty years and the other lived for fifty years - who were they?
He replied, 1 Uzair and Uzra. Their mother was pregnant with them as you
have described, and she gave birth as you described, and Uzair and Uzra
lived for so and so years. Allah then made Uzair die for one hundred years,
then he was revived and lived with Uzra for fifty years. Then they both died
together at one time.’ 4
Jl ja J ^jJl Up 'fL.jS old : Up flAfl .6015
-ixj All! 0 djSi C Cj^~ aJ^>- Uj d. U
!^\j t IjUJl (jULj Jl$J pJ^lj JlT 4jlv2p! jJ.) jlijj 1 oLU j*fp Ajl« Ail I AjlU !?
5-^P ^(S”" ^1p dll d ^ *dp 1 ) , Jli i-lp-li IaU t. ^(*2 ^ aSji^p^ aU^LU
6. 5(i^
6015. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Allah brought death to the prophet
Irmiya’ who looked at the ruins of Jerusalem and its surroundings when
Nebuchadnezzar invaded it. He said, ’How will Allah revive this after its
death?!’ So Allah made him die for a hundred years, then He resurrected
him. He looked at his organs and how they came together and how they
became covered in flesh, and at his limbs and veins and how they were
connected together. When he sat upright he said, ’I know that Allah has
power over all things'. 7
397
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Notes
1.259 : sjlji.
2. Quran 2259!
3. 94 / 123 / 8 : .
4. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 123, no. 94
5.259 ! SyM'.
6. 223 / 230 / 2 : .
7. al-Ihtijaj, v. 2, p. 230, no. 223
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1711 - “Ulp
1711. JONAH (AS) [YuNUS]
o 0 „ 0 ^ <0.1. C
“And indeed Jonah was one of the apostles, when he absconded toward
the laden ship. Then he drew lots with them and he was the one to be
refuted. Then the fish swallowed him while he was blameworthy. And had
he not been one of those who celebrate Allah's glory, he would have
surely remained in its belly till the day they will be resurrected. Then We
cast him on a bare shore, and he was sick. So we made a gourd plant grow
above him. We sent him to a [community of] hundred thousand or more,
and they believed [in him ]. So We provided for them for a while. ” 2
.50 ■ 48 ! 88 t 87 ! 98 ! (4^')
(See also: 10:98, 21:87-88, 68:48-50)
-tip til ! J ijjjj jl -ts-h! \ aJTj aJ. p auI au! <6016
6016. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'It is not appropriate for a prophet to
say: 'I am better in the eyes of Allah than Jonah son of Matta'.' 4
jlkil i .Syg-Jl y2«j aJLC. A-lf- -f- <6017
6017. Imam Ali (AS), when some Jews asked him about a jail which
went around the whole world with its prisoner, replied, 'O Jew, as for the jail
that circled all parts of the world with its captive, it was the whale that
imprisoned Jonah in its stomach.' 6
<u Ip J
Details of the Story of Jonah (AS)
o-* %/- ? ‘ j^y
399
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^>L*J ^ AjISj “ i^J2-b*SCjl (^IjjJl Jj>-^ ^-i>b>- jy>xJU*>\ <ulp A\ ^
(. p-frAS' Jg_>c^vJlj 4j b» ^J_P i^JOj c Jjo y J ^Ub
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dJjLi^A C*oi 3![ k![ 3! ) <j! aaLj 3? L^-2^! y^J & .Jjt$ ^ °4a>-IJ^ L> <Ui! o^kli\ aIL
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aJL>*^ aJ)I o«ili t J-*J a^^JLi o-A*^ t aIa olj jl OyAl t aJ Ail!
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Ly*- ,il aSj! [^jcui aj
l^a|«
Jonah (AS) was a messenger whom Allah Almighty sent to his people,
and they were a large group exceeding one hundred thousand. He invited
them and they did not respond other than to call him a liar and to repudiate
him, until the punishment Jonah warned them of came. He then left them.
When the punishment came down upon them, and they saw it with their
own eyes they all turned to belief and repentance to Allah Almighty. So,
Allah lifted the punishment of shame from them in this world. Jonah (AS)
then asked about their situation when he saw that the punishment had been
raised from them - since he did not know of their [recent] belief and
repentance - so he did not return to them. He left angry and upset with them,
and his state was like that of one who absconds from his Lord, in a rage,
thinking that He would not put him through hardship. He left for the sea in a
laden ship, and a large fish came after them. They could not avert it in any
way other than to throw one of them overboard so that the fish may swallow
him and the boat would be safe from it. They drew lots between themselves
and Jonah (AS) was chosen, so they threw him in the sea where the fish
swallowed him and the ship was saved.
Allah, Glory be to Him, kept him alive and well inside the fish's belly for
days and nights, and Jonah (AS) knew that this was a trial that Allah was
testing him with as a punishment for what he did. He was calling out while
inside its belly, "There is no god except You! You are immaculate! I have
indeed been among the wrongdoers!”
Allah answered his prayer and ordered the fish to spit him out. It cast him
on a bare shore, and he was sick. So Allah Almighty made a gourd plant
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grow above him so he used its leaves to shadow him. Then when his health
was restored, Allah sent him back to his people. They accepted his call and
believed in him, so Allah gave them provision until a fixed time.' 8
Notes
1. 148 - 139 ! 0UU2J1 .
2. Quran 37:139-148
3. 32422 : Jtuii jA .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 32423
5.2/382/ 14 : ^ M .
6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 14, p. 382, no. 2
7. 165 / 17 : OijA .
8. Tafsir al-Mizan, v. 17, p. 165
401
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371 - ail aU» (3) oj$\»
371. PROPHETHOOD (3)
Muhammad the Messenger of Allah
1712 - <uii
1712. Muhammad, THE MESSENGER OF ALLAH (SAW A)
, ( I JJL£- )
“Muhammad is the Apostle of Allah. ” 2
^jj_3 ^ 5^" AA lyt J yf) -lH)
3 (* .
■ \y^rj
“There has certainly come to you an apostle from among yourselves.
Grievous to him is your distress; he has deep concern for you, and is most
kind and merciful to the faithful. ” 4
5. (uJ 4Jib ill Jl LpISj * tjiftLS iillLjf iSl L$j! t)
“0 Prophet! Indeed We have sent you as a witness, as a bearer of good
news and as a warner and as a summoner to Allah by His permission, and
as a radiant lamp.” 6
‘'IL. LJ ~ 4J aAp .uil .uil .6018
-tAl L«lj 1 A -AA- U»l !
£ jLJl <U_Ls A\A\
- ^ jAAj AAlj
1 i j r Li
SyA, A. jLi ‘ 3LU jUJij t jlUl jiA^b dr? J.
jLJb J-ijl 3 Is Jj-ilil Llj . ^>-jyp Aj CfA Irij , <u4-l
2 . ^plhl 4j4-L JJtjl i3s^ Irij C
6018. The Prophet (SAW A), when a Jew asked him about the reason for
him being called Muhammad, Ahmad, Abu al-Qasim, Bashir, Nadhir, and
Dai - he replied, 'As for Muhammad, I am praised [mahmud] in this earth,
and Ahmad is that I am praised in the Heaven. As for Abu al-Qasim, Allah
will divide the Day of Resurrection into two parts; the part (qisma) of Hell,
and those who disbelieve in me from among the first ones to the last ones
will be in the Hellfire; and the part of Heaven, and whoever believes in me
from among the first ones to the last ones, and has acknowledged my
prophethood will be in Heaven. Al-Dai [the caller] is that I call people to the
religion of my Lord Almighty. Al-Nadhir [the wamer] is that I warn people
who disobey me about the Hellfire. Al-Bashir [bringer of good news] is that
I bring the good news of Heaven to those who obey me.' 8
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Notes
1. 29 : .
2. Quran 49:29
3. 128 ! .
4. Quran 10:128
5. 46 j 45 : .
6. Quran 33:45,46
7. 2 / 52 : .
8. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 52, no. 2
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1713 ■ aJ \ j <uii (ju-Ji ^rb>-
1713. THE SEAL OF THE PROPHETS
Idil iy^A\ f"^~3 awI (J 0^3 {j* -tAl hi 015*"
'. (L-Ip
“Muhammad is not the father of any man among you, but he is the
Apostle of Allah and the seal of the Prophets, and Allah has knowledge of
all things. ” 2
2, oJ^xj ^-Ul cL^UJl hi , aJp aw! LSIvs <u)I .6019
6019. The Prophet (SAWA) said, I am the successor after whom there is
no prophet.' 4
oi*j ij0\ ojTi jp s&i 5 1 : ^slji a^p .6020
Ijjl o-bc OpIiS"* *^3 c 1-bl
6020. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah, may His remembrance be exalted,
sealed the prophets with your prophet, so there will never be a prophet after
him, and He sealed the books with your Book, so there will never be a Book
after it.' 6
$.L>*3 aJ|j aAp <ui! ... ! aAp Js^Ly^Jl .6021
7 i* > i* ^ __
, A^alAil ^JJ i A^aLAjI aJS)A3 C 0(4^9
6021. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, '.... till Muhammad came, and he brought
the Quran and its laws and teachings. So, the permitted (halal) of
Muhammad is permitted until the Day of Resurrection, and his forbidden
(haram) is forbidden until the Day of Resurrection.' s
Notes
1. 40 : .
2. Quran 3340:
3. 105 / 1 : oULkii .
4. al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, v. 1, p. 105
5. 3 / 269 / 1 : jl<ji .
6. al-Kafi, v. 1, p. 269, no. 3
7. 2 / 17 / 2 : jisdt .
8. Ibid. v. 2, p. 17, no. 2
404
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1714 - aJ ■ ~ tulp 4J A^ip AiM ^L?
1714. Muhammad (SAW A) IN THE WORDS OF
Muhammad (SAW A) HIMSELF
' , ^oi 't^'3 ami cLob ih ■ aJTj a4p ami ami .6022
6022. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'I have been educated by Allah Himself
and Ali has been educated by me.' 2
, b 1 ijh t i g j 1 , 4J aAp awi awi .6023
6023. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’O people, verily I am a mercy gifted
[to you].’ 4
(Jbi t bl ■ aJ|j a4p aMI Alii .6024
5.6(... ^ 0*j[j Ujj) ! ydl
6024. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 1 am the [fulfilment of the] prayer of
Abraham which he recited while raising the foundations of the House: ’Our
Lord, raise amongst them an apostle from among them, who should recite to
them Your signs, and teach them the Book and wisdom and purify them.’ 78
9. y>^ Sj ^ST jjj Ail il : aITj aJp iii &\ J ^ .6025
6025. The Prophet (SAWA) said, I am the chief of the children of Adam,
without pride.' 10
(jwdl bU t aiU lb , aJTj aJp au! au! *6026
", Sj Jjjlj Jjl Ijlj c Sj
6026. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'I am the leader of the messengers,
without pride, and I am the seal of the prophets, without pride; and I am the
first intercessor and the first mediator, without pride.' 12
alllji jLA 1 ^ip -dij (jji hi i aJTj aLp awi awi ^ .6027
' A Jjiljj Aiil jpdjL L jP t jP ^Jjdj ajLSj
6027. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'I will be the first to enter into the
presence of the Noble, all-Conqueror on the Day of Judgment, with His
Book and my household, then my community, where I will ask them, 'What
did you do with the Book of Allah and with my household?' 14
”, aw! c au 1 ij 1 , aJ (j aJp au! t ax! .602S
6028. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Indeed the most pious one from among
you and the person most acquainted with Allah is me.’ 16
aJp fjsl \ s t ju iha &\ jIa l. : aUj aLp iii Jl* iii jj-j .6029
17 -
■ &
6029. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Allah has not created a creation better
than me, nor dearer to Him than me.’ 18
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! 41S"" ^Izxj J. L~p- oJa c-l ! aJTj aJp auI (_jU^ ail «6030
i -P^Jb Oj^. jj t oi*4-J t cli
C...bc-lj t - ^gl! ; jli jl - Ji-h? ^Jj4 jiJlAJl ^ cJb^-lj t
6030. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'I have been given five things that no
prophet before me was given: I was sent to the white, black and red; the
earth has been made pure for me and a place for prostration; I have been
made victorious with awe; and spoils were permitted for me when they were
not permitted to any before me [or to any prophet before me]; and I have
been given the collection of wise words [the Quran].' 20
Notes
I. 19/51/ 1 : (j*-^ fJiC.
2. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 1, p. 51, no. 19
3. 192 / 1 ! i_Sjd4l oUJall .
4. al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, v. 1, p. 192
5. 129 : S^JI .
6. 31833 : Ju*ji .
7. Quran 2: 129
8. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 31833
9.51 / 48/8 : ji/hjU.
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 8, p. 48, no. 51
II. 31883 :JUJ| >r.
12. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 31883
13. 4 / 600 / 2 : jisbi .
14. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 600, no. 4
15.31964 : Jlidl jA.
16. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 31991
17. 22 / 262 / 1 : ujJi jLpi .
18. Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (AS), v. 1, p. 262, no. 22
19. 1059/484 : JiAi .
20. Amali al-Tusi, p. 484, no. 1059
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1715 - <ulp JLJ aJTj <uJIp <uil o lts£
1715. Muhammad (SAW A) IN THE WORDS OF Ali (AS)
jij aJTj aJip &\ a!*? jp (jjd. 0» - aJ p ^Lp ^1*^1 1 .6031
aJ I J Adp AWl aXI Old' ■ “ A3 ^ AjO~. <_dls-
ajJ~J.I jj^sS t oj3j li . dH-1 ^J^d 1 AO>djl cud" t j*ijl >? . ■. t ijAJtll ^poI t Lyod
A : U j ^ C ‘ ^v2jl!LS^ Aj“g. AlJ ^ i A . U A aJLp Old" C
iMg, *£ s s S s'* Os's
tils' »li li[j t i_dd y> jJs*j3 tils' li[ t ^id t oj^p )£*d oj-Cd>
ddld aS^P c jJjiil A^>-J ^ A3^P els' t Lst^' CU 0 dl c.. a"\\ Id c y^S ^Jjld
odd aJu3 jl 1 t jv^aSI Slj j^txJL) t ^Jj^JaJlj Sj jyA jjJIj t ^siSfl dd—dl y*
, aJIj Adp aW I ^1*2 aI^a
6031. Imam Ali (AS), when asked about the characteristics of the
Prophet (SAW A) while he was sitting with his legs tucked under his sword-
belt in the mosque of Kufa, said, 'The messenger of Allah (SAW A) had
white skin tinted with redness, with large black eyes, abundant lank hair, a
thick beard, flat hairy cheeks, fine hair on his chest. His neck was [white]
like a silver pitcher, he had hair from the top of his chest to his belly flowing
like a cane, and he did not have any other hair on his stomach or chest. He
had thick hands and feet [big bones], when he walked he walked fast and
when he stood up it was like he had been erected from a rock. When he
turned he would turn his whole body. The perspiration on in his face was
like pearls, and the scent of his perspiration was more fragrant than strong
musk. He was neither short nor tall, nor was he frail, nor avaricious. I have
never seen someone like him (SAWA) before him or after him.' 2
aJTj aJp lulp &\ iju ... : f%j\ Adp Us. fLNi .6032
Cf-J
Ig Sy>-\j < A t*Agd" Lgd-dj t “Ail® AJ jdl yj>- t \ji_Xs^ '\jy5Jj
6032. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’...until Allah sent Muhammad (SAWA) as a
witness, a warner and a bringer of glad tidings. He was the best of people as
a child, and the most noble of them when old. He was the purest of the pure
in character and the most generous of all givers of all time.' 4
5. Leidl jlAi Sf] oi^t aJ ^ s : ^%j\ Adp fjs .6033
6033. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'No sooner was he confronted with two tasks
than he took the hardest of them.' 6
aJ Ij Adp aW I y* (^3*- a0-«J aW l Vy, l. : rsLJi Adp yp \\sj\ .6034
7
407
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6034. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Allah did not create a human being better
than Muhammad (SAW A).' 8
ui t ■cdsj jIJS ! ^sA~Jl aAp -6035
‘ ^
aLJIj t jiis jliTj t 1 “W^Al cuA- Adi t
l^-jjjj ^ij t a^SsAI aIjAA 'jy. -.a •■■■■ j i c ojjAl Adidl £_Aljj> ajI^Jj t
<J , aA^LaJI t aAJIaJI ^lASllS”" Adi (j .( g < c AS Id I ^iiJl .iljjj
6035. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The Prophet (SAWA) was like a roaming
physician who has set ready his ointments and heated his instruments. He
used them wherever the need arose for curing blind hearts, deaf ears, and
dumb tongues. He followed with his medicines the spots of negligence and
the places of perplexity. They [the people] did not take the light from the
lights of his wisdom nor did they produce flame from the flint of his
sparkling knowledge. So in this matter, they are like grazing cattle and hard
stones.’ 10
n. aJTj aAp ill XkJ- Ji~p ^ Ip lit lil :rSLJl aAp .6036
6036. Imam Ali (AS) said, I am but a servant from among the servants of
Muhammad (SAWA).’ 12
Notes
I. 410/ 1 ! <_SjA3 1 oUAJl .
2. al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, v. 1, p. 410
3. 105 : aJaAi : ^sui .
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 108
5.55/61/1: «j*-^i fJuC .
6. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 1, p. 61, no. 55
7. 2 / 440 / 1 : jisdi .
8. al-Kafi, v. 1, p. 440, no. 2
9. 108 •
10. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 108
II. 3 / 174 ! .
12. al-Tawhid, p. 174, no. 3
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1716 - aJ <uh
1716. THE UNIVERSALITY OF THE MESSAGE OF
Muhammad (SAWA)
\ (juIaa ^iSji jgs't ^ Ill'll iiilLjf us)
“We did not send you except as a bearer of good news and a warner to
all mankind, but most people do not know. ” 2
~ 4J^j bl ■ aAp <ui! adI .6037
6037. The Prophet (SAWA) said, I am the messenger of those who live
in my time, as well as those who will be born after me.’ 4
c Aj>fi jLJj aUI g) 5U" ! aJTj a As- aSiI ^ Jj-"j .6038
5. Ji ^s^-3
6038. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Every prophet before me was sent to
their people in their own language, but I was sent to all, black and red
[skinned], in Arabic.’ 6
Notes
1. 28 : L~ .
2. Quran 3428:
3. 191 / 1 : oUJaJt .
4. al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, v. 1, p. 191
5.6/316/16 : jiySi jU .
6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 16, p. 316, no. 6
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1717 - ojJ y-
1717. THE BEST FAMILY AMONG ALL PEOPLE
./> ci i t 0^.1 aJp >6039
-tiUlj t o]S/b 14 *Ap ^ d aj^>kJ^j t aInjc o-\Jj^ t aJj^jl* L&)Lc^ t aJ-l£*4
6039. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'His family is the best family and his tree is
the best tree. Its branches are moderate and its fruits hang down. His birth
was in Makkah and his migration was to Tayba [Madina], In it his
remembrance was elevated and from it his voice spread.' 2
Ldd” (, ai dp — 'w-l. & i. sip tjuLst 5i : ^slji aJp ^Lp »d)fi .6040
2 . La^l>- d? a1*j>- /^l3 Aid
6040. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'I testify that Muhammad is His servant and
messenger, and the chief of His creation; whenever Allah divided the line of
descent, He put him in the better one.' 4
Notes
1. 161 aJsjJ-i : ap*>ui 0j £ .
2. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 161
3. 214 d.ui-i i Apst)' t
4. Ibid. Sermon 214
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1718 - aJ i j
1718. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PROPHET
(SAWA)
1 jfe- ^Ip
1. A Great Character
2
“And indeed you possess a great character
oir i ■ aJp 4)i 5jL^> (j - aJp .6041
c ax^p c aJo Ak*4 ^Ul c [j-Ua? ^>LJl tliS" ^.LJl
Slj aJ*3 jl ^ | AJplj C A*kl di^t3 aLJL^- C AjUfc A^j-U oij , fi^UP Ij
Alt. 0-AjU
6041. Imam Ali (AS), describing the Prophet (SAWA), said, 'He had the
most generous of hands, and his chest was the boldest of all. He was the
most truthful of people in speech and the most trustworthy in liability. He
was the most lenient of people in disposition, and the kindest of them in
social companionship. Those who saw him would spontaneously respect
him, and those who associated with him and came to know him loved him. I
have never seen anyone like him, before him or after him (SAWA).' 4
01^"" ■ “ ax*) aJ 'j aJp a))I ^ull jjip ui— lu* LaJ “ A*iolp .6047
X? L ij t LiJkjLxi Sj Li^U j ^ t LiU- ^.Lll
k. fl ^ AJl4-JL)
6042. A’isha, when asked about the character of the Prophet (SAWA) in
his house, said, ’He was the best of people in character; he neither swore nor
was obscene; he did not make a clamour in the markets, and did not return
bad with its like, but he would pardon and forgive.’ 6
(. L-A-tSlil y* aJIj ‘'dp a))1 *2 a))1 (J y2*S\ J^Lp ki , ‘Lkjl P .6043
C-J-U>-l {j* 4 AjL>t*pl y> Jk-i -Up ^ip AU.
6043. A’isha said, ’There was no characteristic more hated by the
Messenger of Allah (SAWA) than lying, and whenever he found out about
any of his companions [as having lied], he would retract from that person
until he knew that that person had repented.’ 8
yj> W>-j 1 - j 1 a/*1^ ijjJt 4Tj aJp aui . A-kiip .6044
9. Lltj tns^ 5i^aj i Sfi
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6044. A'isha said, 'He was the most lenient of people, and the kindest of
people. He was as normal as one of your men, except that he laughed and
smiled a lot.' 10
, (JyJL V dTy a4p .uil 4^ X O'A" ■ ‘tailed >6045
. Ap Ji jlSo t euSw jt i,j i li[y t ijV*J ; Jli t Sl^ls _y* (its t 3/
u. ^ dhi
6045. Muhammad b. al-Hanafiyya said, 'The Messenger of Allah
(SAW A) almost never said to something: ’No’. When he was asked to do
something that he wanted to do, he would say 'Yes', and if he was asked to
do something that he did not want to do he would keep silent, and it [the
answer] would be known from his silence.' 12
aAp .Uil t Xy*-*y L .oJww^j 1 (j b> , i6046
13. dTj
6046. Abdullah b. al-Harith said, 'I have never seen someone who smiled
more than the Messenger of Allah (SAWA).' 14
2 - 5y«'
2. Trustworthy
j jUAJi (j (3[ Auiy lo ; aJTj aAp aui (_s^ Jy— y >6047
15
6047. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'By Allah, I am trustworthy in the
Heavens and trustworthy on the earth.' 16
Jyjjl dTj aAp aS)I ^1*2 aSiI J |y~vj ^Ac»J (jAJr* oO IS" ! l? I -6048
yTt-
6048. Ibn Ishaq said, 'The [tribe of] Quraysh used to call the Prophet
(SAWA) 'the trustworthy' (al-amin) before revelation had descended onto
cAS o (A -Ujy^-c^pj cOlS" , JiA'-A >6049
L^Jdj Lois l IjlA Ay3 l/At* cAlSy c ,*X dJA o\j[ UsA 3?
t aTAA ^)Sy 1 4ljL«l jviipy t AiJA i3-W? /y LgilS A aJTj aAc- a1)I Alii Jj-A)
iX jLa (3 O' aXp a0[ cOjO
6049. Ibn Ishaq said, 'Khadija, daughter of Khuwaylid was a female
merchant with dignity and wealth. She would employ men with her money
and lend them money [to invest], receiving a portion of its profit, and the
people of Quraysh were merchants. So when she heard about the Prophet
(SAWA) and his being truthful in what he says, his faithfulness in trusts and
his great morals, she sent for him and offered for him to take some of her
wealth to Syria as a trader.’ 20
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3- JilP
3. Just
aj Li iA aJTj aUp aw! ^P^ awI p *y^) oii*" ! j»*>LJl aJp JULyUl ^L«^l >6050
4j^£^JL li li c4jL>*^?I /^j
6050. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The Prophet (SAW A) would divide his
gazes equally among his companions, looking at one and looking at the
other all with equality. 22
4 -
4. Courageous
LJjl yUl ^Ul yui j>-l lil \lt : yLJl Up p pyi .6051
“2, j-tiJl Lyil .A^-l caWI
6051. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'When a situation became tense and when two
sides came close to each other [in battle], we would seek out the Messenger
of Allah (SAWA) for protection, and there was no one closer to the enemy
than him.' 24
c a]\^ 4dp aW 1 I J& pp >1 iii iir : yjip j, .6052
25
f. £ *
Aj^iL4 ^-LUDl
6052. al-Bara? b. Azib said, ’When the situation became tense [in battle]
we would seek protection with the Messenger of Allah (SAWA), for verily
the courageous was he who was standing close him (SAWA).’ 26
l ^yldl 3^>-l olSj c ^ aJ|j <u!p 4^1 Oli”" ■ ^ja-jI «6053
La-ipi c iys>\\ yij jjfLjli c aLJ oli LajJ.1 ^jpl -taJj c ^LJl yUU Oiiy
pi 1 ^p- jPj - Oji^Jl !p yjLU* Jij - dTj aJp Aill aUI Jj— "j
_2. Ijply i t Ijply 1 ! (JyL jPj i^pyJl ULp <3 t UUh
6053. Anas said, ’The Prophet (SAWA) was the best of people, the most
generous of people, and the most courageous of people. The people of
Madina became scared one night, and they ran towards the place that the
noise was coming from, and the Prophet (SAWA) met them on his way
back from there - as he had preceded them to the noise, mounted on a
barebacked horse belonging to Abu Talha, and he had his sword hanging
28
from his neck, saying, ’Why are you scared, why are you scared!’
5i* *
5. Compassionate
^IjI 4jI^>4 ^p lil aJTj <ulp 4Ail L5U? 4)il ol i6054
o^Ip l ip C)\p to^lj Oir ijlj c a] Uo LjIp £ AiP
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6054. Anas said, 'If the Prophet (SAWA) did not see one of his brothers
for three days he would ask about him; if he was away he would pray for
him, if he was present he would visit him, and if he was sick he would visit
him.' 30
6 -
6. Tolerant
^,1 a] Ij <ulp 4^1 i6055
4^1 <J JiP c oJj 4j _L>- AjI^ 4jJj>&3 AS^li t
> < -? . s; > * s. , ~ ,
4, ^ c h ! Jli jT . aXjA>- o-Li ‘L4',A- A uij idly <u!p 4ll ^L/s
3', ^Lkxj d JJai ^ dAw23 aA cAdli cii-Up .Uil (JL*
6055. Anas said, 'I was walking with the Prophet (SAWA), and he was
wearing a Najrani robe that had rough sides. A Bedouin came upon him and
pulled him by his robe very roughly, so I looked at the side of the Prophet's
(SAWA) neck, and the side of the robe had left a mark from the strong pull.
He then said, 'O Muhammad, give me some of Allah's money that you have.'
So the Prophet looked at him, laughed and ordered that he be given some.' 32
7-^T
7. Shy
■ Lj^S”" Lwp- d I y a4p <Uil awI 0LS”* ■ .6056
6056. Musnad Ibn Hanbal, 'The Messenger of Allah (SAWA) was shy
and generous.' 34
35. oikpt S?i JLJ sf tiA &\ j 5ir : j ^ y\ .6057
6057. Abu Said al-Khudri said, 'The Prophet (SAWA) was so shy that no
sooner would he be asked for something than he would give it.' 3
o * ♦ t '*
8 -
8. Humble
l_jA ^jAAli ■ 41 . dTy 4A& aui *iii Jy— y .6058
l ^Ay c j *4ll 1 LiSj4 jL*4-l QyS^y 1 -LJtil ^j/j.ygA-l
(j y5\A ^ 0 A^Jl .^Ip
6058. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'There are five things that I will not
leave until I die: Eating low [on the ground] with servants, riding donkeys
without saddles, milking the goat with my own hands, wearing wool, and
greeting children, so that it becomes a tradition after me.' 38
c a^j2j\Jz jLPy dTy aAs- Aill ■ ^y*"^ ^yjl .6059
\ dj-LaJl ol^«l ^y>\ L>l Li) c ddh* J LlA AAA 4jA ■ d jLai
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6059. Ibn Masud said, 'A man came to the Prophet (SAWA) and spoke to
him, and his limbs started to tremble, so he said to him, 'Be calm, for I am
not a king, I am but the son of a woman who ate jerked meat.' 40
d-dU Jb^>- aJTj aJp .oil [J^> j cJLS” ! Up ^ a&ijlp ^ .6060
41 . 4 Sfi ^iUi ^ ^ j>-t syu *y 5irt j
6060. Hamza b. Abdullah b. Utba said, 'The Prophet (SAWA) had
characteristics that did not exist in tyrants. There was no red or black person
who called him except that he answered. He would also ride a donkey that
42
was barebacked and did not have anything on it [i.e. a saddle].'
4*1p jJLij \ JSlJl
LiwJ* aJ 4^1 J_pI L£ iijLo 4)}1 4 a d yS' i^yi ^
43- Pyp^ $), ‘
6061. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’Gabriel (AS) came to him three times
with the keys of the treasuries of the earth, giving him the choice without
Allah Almighty lessening anything of what He had prepared for him on the
Day of Judgment. So, he chose humbleness to his Lord, the Exalted and
Mighty.’ 44
jsl dTj Up iii 4i j by : aU jsui .6062
4^, ^ . .'r, L \ y p t tj/2. . ./?Ll ^lp ^jSU OtSy . -Ljdl 4X—L>- bdj C -Lodi
6062. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’The Prophet (SAWA) ate the food of
slaves and would sit in the place of slaves. He would eat low on the ground
and sleep on the ground.’ 46
9. Relier [on Allah]
oli ojjp j aJTj Up <5)1 4' Jp ! a-1p JLlUJl ,6063
^a °lp Uij Adj ^jU> ^ xlj jajU ^lp d-U
Jbii t £)UJl p? jjjLU jyU Jp- ^bi (jU/d).!
c aJ Ij a-Ip aw! ^La? awI ^1p -tdy c 1-La^- ^Jxil bl , a^^JLS (yCTjcu).!
^p ^SbUl A-ip ^j-OjU 4jd-X3 t 4L)j ! (JlU !? -U^ b ^da dU>U \ (JlS ^
^ ,, e __ ^ ^ f. s s ^
^lp L-J 1 -L- Ij aJ 1 j *ulp a!) 1 Ail 1 a) ? bii t g b ^lp b U. a A-P^3
jJbj ibii aS^XS t _U^ b ■ JbiS !? Uj^P b dU>U ) (Jbjj Oj-lU
6063. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) narrated, 'In the battle of Dhat al-Riqa, the
Prophet (SAWA) descended under a tree on the side of a valley when a
flood came and separated him from his companions. A man from among the
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polytheists saw him whilst the Muslims were standing on the side of the
valley waiting for the flood to subside. One of the polytheists said to his
people, 'I will kill Muhammad!' So he came and drew his sword against the
Prophet (SAWA), saying, 'Who will save you now from me O
Muhammad?!’ to which he replied, ’My Lord and your Lord’, upon which
[the angel] Gabriel (AS) threw him down from his horse and he fell onto his
back. The Prophet (SAWA) then stood up, took the sword and sat on his
chest, saying, ’Who will save you now from me, O Ghawrith?’ to which he
replied, 'Your magnanimity and generosity, O Muhammad' at which he left
him. The man stood up, saying, 'By Allah, you are indeed better and nobler
than me.' 48
10-
49
10. Patient
■ ij G ^Jju JS-\ G , aJTj a4p Jj— .6064
6064. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'No one has been hurt the way I have
been hurt for the sake of Allah.' 50
cGc'j . JAl (Jjij j Gj aJ)I (j oloijl -GLi , a!Tj aGp aUI a3 Jj—’j .6065
a1S% fUk g Gj aLJj dGl -LaJj c JS~\ Gj A)d[ (3]
6065. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'I was being hurt for the sake of Allah
when no one was being hurt, and I was threatened because of Allah when no
one else was being threatened. Thirty days and nights passed once when
neither Bilal nor I had any food that a man may eat save what Bilal may use
to cover his armpits [i.e. leaves].' 52
ijAJl aJ 1 j aAp aw! a3 GG"- ■ jy. ^J-^GA .6066
53. g-131
6066. Ismail b. Ayyash said, ’The Prophet (SAWA) was the most patient
of people with regard to people's wrongdoings.' 54
^ -a Go a dp Ail! cii (3^ ■ jjd .6067
i ^ j G ^ajji} j£s\ i A^o^-y aA" yj&y c A^yS aG^G5 ^.G^Al
55 . OyJjG
6067. Ibn Masud said, ’It is as if I am looking at the Prophet (SAWA)
speaking [to us] as one of the past prophets who was hit by his people and
made to bleed, wiping the blood from his face, saying, ’O Allah forgive my
people for they do not know.’ 56
11 - i*j)
11. Ascetic
416
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^ jj j,
{ ^lp C Lit (^9 CPU jU “ aJ 44p aX! ^ 4>W| 16O6S
, * 2, , , I 2 ie
^j ^ ju ^U"3s 3!) LjjJi 3~®j 15^* ^ ■? LJ-UJj 3 L* , ~ aUA (3 y\ s$ ^^u-
^ ^ j\j£ ^a apU UU UbL*2
6068. The Prophet (SAW A), when some said to him, 'Why don't you
sleep on a bed?' when the straw mat had left a mark on his sides, said, 'What
do I have with this world? The example of me and the world is like a rider
who rides on a summer's day, and then goes to take shade under a tree for a
while during the day, and then rides on leaving it.' 58
^ IjLo J dij Up ill 5l : fWUl Up jiUl .6069
ajj&jA as-j5 aJ 3 a4p aWI ^ gp ^ -s -bij^ c oU 3/y ®A/j 3/j 1-Up Sj
, aJj&V UL 1 ^ 4 1 . .. " . a 1 LpLa? ^ j ujp
6069. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'The Prophet (SAWA) did not leave in
inheritance a dinar, or a dirham, or a slave, or a slavegirl, or a lamb, or a
camel. When he (SAWA) passed away, his shield was pawned to one of the
Jews of Madina for twenty measures of barley, as a provision of sustenance
for his family.' 60
, (JUs l |_j1p jP>j dij Up U J-a? 4^ J y^j cU>-3 . y*s- .6070
UUL LI t j yjl Ji jyUkl , s)jp Up ^,Uj t e^ljl Up lili t c-JU
t (_^Up Oj-lxjli t jjlU <-pLd c Aiydl (3 aUL c5 ^ ^-LUl
yh U Idj&j c <u)l L ; 3dii ? l jUAl j^L dXSsJj L> ! 3bti
t j\j£')!\j jUdl (j L£r~f" 1 L« 3/) Lg-s (_£j! ^ dUly>- o-Laj AU>- ij
Li] 0^^-a 0^ La!
. .ALU ?|jL ! 3u !? d^LlyP odj&j t aJjjjUj 4WI d^L^j
61 ! ? lj In ^ 533^1
6070. Umar said, I visited the Prophet (SAWA) and he was sitting on a
straw mat, so I sat down and saw that he was wearing a loincloth and
nothing else, and the mat had made a mark on his side. I saw about a
handful of barley there, and a tan hide spread out to one side of the room,
and I also saw raw hide hung up, so my eyes gushed with tears. He (SAWA)
asked, ’What is making you cry, O son of Khattab?’ He said, ’O Prophet of
Allah, how can I not cry when this mat has made a mark on your side, and I
do not see anything in your storage, other than what I see. And there are
Kisra and the Caesar with their fruits and rivers, and you are a prophet of
Allah and His chosen one, and this is your storage warehouse?!' He said, 'O
son of Khattab, do you not want us to have the Hereafter and leave the
world to them?!' 62
1 3^*^" A® jhL dTj Up U (_3-p’ ojL>- ! J .6071
3li t j! !? jb) (j illle-bjj t Ajj-i (j jLijA ! 3u* t Uyu j!
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la
jli
(. IwlP LjjJl ■>/? a ) cl^Lwv^lj Jpx-flJi ojS"" 1 t 4_a^>- 1 L«
63 >3. i -* x- <, 3. x ^ I «
, AW) 4 jkJj a3o
6071. It is narrated in Makarim al-Akhlaq: 'Ibn Khuli came to him
(SAWA) with a bowl of honey and milk, and he refused to drink it, saying,
Two drinks in one meal, and two bowls in one meal?!' So, he refused to
drink it, and he then said, 'I do not prohibit it, but I hate pride, and having to
account for the extravagances of this world tomorrow, and I love
humbleness, for he who is humble for Allah, Allah will elevate him.' 64
12 - 4lj <ulp 4)1 OjLal
12. Preferring Others Over Himself and his Family
4 j I (_5y c-LA^ Li ! ■ y> -lA^ ~ J' a-1p JiLl! >6072
lui! aAj L)f y* 4lJ|yLa 44^/4 J^p' y>- y° 4J1P aw' aw' djyj
, 4A2A O' aW' 4 Jxj -L 'S AlilyL* ^L1 aJ^/j JjLi' jA“ OA ^-A*1 ^ ^ aJJ'j V !? aA^A O'
c ^Jj^' ^v1 ajLLL -L>-ljJl ^JJApl 0!0^ -Lai t -LA V 015^ 4j[ ! Jy2' ^ Oil
65 . jtV of
6072. Imam al-Baqir, speaking to Muhammad b. Muslim, said, ’O
Muhammad, you might think that he [meaning the Prophet (SAWA)] filled
himself by eating wheat bread for three continuous days from the time Allah
sent him until when He took him up?’ He answered himself, saying, ’No, by
Allah, he never filled himself with wheat bread for three continuous days
since the time Allah sent him until He took him [his soul]. I am not saying
that he could not find any, for one man would offer him one hundred
camels, so if he wanted to eat he could have done so.’ 66
13 - aJTj aJLp 411 4A2P
13. Never Being Angry for Himself
c 4jp (i-Ji*; ... aJTj aJlp Ail' (_jki4’ ^gc!' OlS" . Ajj-A y^ 1 --s'-cLl ,6073
^ , 4^— aJ AAaxj Sj
6073. It is narrated in al-Manaqib: ’The Prophet (SAWA) would only be
angry for the sake of his Lord, and would never be angry for himself.’ 68
o^®i l 0 wLo 4J 4^j_p <0^1 Jl^> a^i ■ 4-a^oLp i6074
S s s- * y ^ S y } t ^ ?
jl C Ao-Ly£> jai t 4&1 3
69 ■ && ^ 0^ ^ $0 la ^(jA
6074. A'isha said, 'The Prophet (SAWA) never hit anything with his
hand, neither a woman nor a slave, only when he fought on the path of Allah
(jihad), and he never took revenge for anything that was taken from him;
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only when any of the prohibitions of Allah were violated would he take
revenge for the sake of Allah.' 70
14 - J aJTj Up <oh
14. Exhausting Himself in Worship
71 „ (L5ii3 nip! u * At)
“Ta Ha. We did not send down to you the Quran that you should be
miserable. ” 72
L$ b) *JTj Up ill Jp jjJ lil : fWUl Up ^Ip jiGMl .6075
SUy t suss aIt jun 73 (Sul Sfi jjh ,J
dddp hijll L*) .AJlP b ddA-liL ^p>jM I (ds?) ■ tJdii Up- t SU-j
74.75(jT/i!i jp yut? jTjiJi
6075. Imam Ali (AS) said that when the verse: “O you wrapped up in
your mantle, stand vigil through the night, except a little ” descended onto
the Prophet (SAWA), he used to stay up all night until his feet would swell
up, so he would pick one foot up, and put the other down, and Gabriel came
down to him saying: “Taha”, meaning 'the earth is for your feet, O
Muhammad', “We did not send down to you the Quran that you should be
miserable”, and He revealed: “So recite as much of the Quran as is
feasible. ” 76
ajiJlp jup aJTj Up .oil ^U> /ill J jl if I Up jSLjl ^lUl .6076
Gj dUi (y ^jJai G aJJ Aiil ^jip jJj jl tAiil 3 y ■ <. L^ilJ
77 h Ijlp 0/1 Mf 4 iiJLp L ; Jlli ? 'pc>
6076. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'The Prophet (SAWA) was with A'isha
on her night, and she said, 'O Messenger of Allah, why do you exhaust
yourself when Allah has forgiven you what is past of your sin and what is to
come?' He said, 'O A'isha, can I not be a thankful servant?!' 78
Notes
1. 4 : .
2. Quran 68: 4
3. 167 / 1 : oljldl .
4. al-Gharat, v. 1, p. 167, and Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 1, p. 51, no. 20
5. 365 / 1 : u/Jt oulwi .
6. al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, v. 1, p. 365
7. 378 / 1 ! <_s/0 cjUAJi .
8. Ibid. V. 1, p. 378
9. 365 / 1 : LSyf- Ji oUAii .
10. Ibid. v. l.p. 365
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1 1. 368 / 1 ! < oliJaJt .
12. Ibid. v. l.p. 368
13. 372 / 1 ! oUJali .
14. Ibid. v. 1, p. 372
15.32147 :
16. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 32147
17. 210 / 1 : i .
18. al-Sira al-Nabawiyya li Ibn Hisham, v. 1, p. 210
19. 199 / 1 : fUjfc jjS .
20. Ibid. v. l.p. 199
21. 393 / 268 / 8 : jL<Ji .
22. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 268, no. 393
23. 26 / 53 / 1 : i^5'i rjisC. .
24. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 1, p. 53, no. 26
25.35 3 47 : Ji^t ■£ .
26. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 35347
27. 48 / 1802 / 4 : 4— .
28. Sahih Muslim, no. 2307
29. 34 / 55 / 1 : rjis4 .
30. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 1, p. 55, no. 34
31.20/418/3 :
32. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 3, p. 50, no. 15
33.26731 /212/ 10 :
34. Musnad Ahmad Ibn Hanbal, v. 10, p. 212, no. 26731
35. 15 / 50 / 1 : .
36. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 1, p. 50, no. 15
37. 117 / 130 : jj-WJ juSh .
38. Amali al-Saduq, p. 68, no. 2
39. 3312/ 1101 /2 ■ ■
40. Sunan Ibn Maja, no. 3312
41. 370 / 1 ! oUJall .
42. al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, v. 1, p. 370
43. 100/ 130/8:^1.
44. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 130, no. 100
45. 1759/244/2 :
46. al-Mahasin, v. 2, p. 244, no. 1759
47. 97/ 127 / 8 : .
48. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 127, no. 97
49. 5818 : Juuii .
50. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 5818
51. 16678 : juuJi .
52. Ibid. no. 16678
53. 378 / 1 : oului .
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54. al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, v. 1, p. 378
55.21 / 419/3 :
56. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 3, p. 419, no. 21
57. 65 / 64 / 1 : jsAi rji£, .
58. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 1, p. 64, no. 65
59. 304 / 91 a .
60. Qurb al-Isnad, p. 91, no. 304
61. 120 / 199 / 4 : ^A s-Jyd! .
62. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 4, p. 199, no. 120
63. 124 / 79 / 1 : jsAi rjisC. .
64. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 1, p. 79, no. 124
65. 100 / 130 / 8 : .
66. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 130, no. 100
67. 146 j 145 / 1 : A ■
68. al-Manaqib li Ibn Shahr Ashub, v. 1, p. 145, no. 146
69. 79/ 1814/4! ■
70. Sahih Muslim, no. 2328
71.2 j 1 : .
72. Quran 20 1,2:
73. 2 j 1 : All .
74. 20 : A-i .
75. 126 / 14 : oyji J OljJ.1 .
76. Tafsir al-Mizan, v. 14, no. 126
77. 6 / 95 / 2 : jisUi .
78. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 95, no. 6
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372 -
372. THE STARS
1719 -
1719. THE SCIENCE OF THE STARS [ASTRONOMY]
1
4j u si] ^>ui j*s"ci t ^ui 1411 I ^suji up (-yp fusli .6077
JpUJIj <, ^luit^Kjij <, t, ji uisi jt jj j
2. jGi j jjisOij 4 jisOir
6077. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'O people, beware of learning astrology
except that which is used for guidance in the land or the sea [astronomy],
because it [astrology] leads to divining and an astrologer is like a diviner.
And the diviner is like a sorcerer, and a sorcerer is like the disbeliever and
the disbeliever will be in Hell.' 3
jvJp- fip . ~ ^*y>ui \X ~ ^suji up js^lui fusfi .6078
4.
6078. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when asked about the science of the stars
said, 'It [i.e. astronomy] is a science from the sciences of the prophets.' 5
Jail! V>J- ^ ^ISJI jy y*iil Up U - ^bUJl Up A>IU)I ^L-Nl .6079
<3 jjyiU .viU-b _/A" Si 4 jjjjij U3" i - ^jj-lSb ojjU5 ^ypy p^>Ul <j
6
4j f_Uj Si Ulij t Si OjU"
6079. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when asked about what was popularly held
among people that the studying of the stars [astronomy] was prohibited and
harmful to religion, said, ’It is not as they say. It [i.e. astronomy] does not
harm your religion.’ He then said, ’You are looking into something [a
science] where too much of it cannot be achieved and too little of it cannot
be benefitted from.’ 78
fjs- ji : - ^>Ji\ (jp jp jjjuj iSL us - rsuji Up SiUaJi fusil .6080
ylpl <j[ c y Sly jj-U.1 4j ^-d Si Si 4 4jl^2^ 4A3U cU^
<j[j t dpAj jjsi yU-l o[j t r I id' j^Ajdl *c>U 1 £.bUSL> jiJUj.1
j^P .Uil f 4j 1 tp»P^J 4^Jp d? 4^il y2J , 43^1^ 44^4*, 1 4j CpJU-
9. UlA
6080. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when an atheist asked him about the science
of the stars [i.e. astrology] said, ’It is a science whose benefits are few and
whose harms are many... an astrologer contradicts Allah in His knowledge,
claiming he is refuting Allah in His fate over His creation.' 1011
422
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jj gjiii .6081
2j ULs i -bjli C ^—1*5
t jv*-" ! U~U V ^Uaj , ^ (J Lai t (j u—Ai jjjM ji/LkJl U-)(i
12.
6081. Abd al-Malik b. Ayan said, 'I asked Abu Abdillah [al-Sadiq] (AS),
'I have been tried by this science [astrology], so when I want something I
look at the rising star, and if I see the rising star as evil, I desist from
pursuing that thing, and if I see good in the rising star, I pursue the matter.'
He asked me, 'Do you predict fate?' I said, 'Yes.' He said, 'Then bum your
books.' 13
lJu£ u-lil Ji ulf- aS)I -Up iJi \
c d-u&ri u— -JlU JJuJl ^JlkJl cujIjj ^LkJl ^3)
Notes
1. Some of the traditions in this section refer to astronomy and some to astrology, and
have been indicated to in their respective cases (ed.)
2. 79 ! if-SUt .
3. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 79
4. 15 /235/58 : jU.
5. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 58, p. 235, no. 15
6. : j j ju : jyt . 233 / 195 / 8 : $\&\
-Up L5 liT ^ cl)L $ o *y l T *y 1 -Up
-UU^- ^J_P U!H A_LIaUj -LjlJIj
ij_I 2j a_LJJI o-La (_j ^Jalb LstWi /j-* ^ip ^ • A-jtla® aj^ a_>-j .^ip
lj_A Ail C UU-wJl ^jp A^lS""" (Jjjj A/^>- L«
aJ y^» ^J^>o Lo-U c -tUl aJ^>-11? aJ oL»t-l^ .^Ip o^LL>il cj
Aill
jW2j
Jj Aa^JjjJI c J^\.\ ry> (Jjjl ■ (Jj-LJ aJ (JliLs
c uu^Jl Jai\ a_LJ ^jS' (j 4* US' g tlM . (Jjd.1 Jli c ^IU.1 (3 jyUJ U— i Up
25 . 2^^ cj 7^*' —S . .. J' ^3^1 CjIjj Utli jU®) .
7. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 195, no. 233
8. The chapter on astronomy in al-Makasib states: There is no problem in forecasting or
guessing on the basis of the position and movement of the stars, that is, some one would
forecast the happening of an event in the future on the basis of the position of stars such as
closeness, distance, parallelism, and overlapping of two stars... rather apparently there is no
problem even if one categorically forecasts the happening of some events if the forecast is
based on a definite experience. For instance, there is no problem if someone would say that
tonight will definitely rain on the basis of the experience that his dog would come inside the
building whenever it rains. It is said that it has happened for an advocator of astronomy. He
stayed with a miller in the outskirt of a city when he was travelling. When he entered the
house of the miller due to the hot weather he decided to sleep on the roof. The landlord told
him to come and sleep inside the room to be safe against the rain. Looking at the stars, he
said, there is no sign of rain. The landlord told him; I have a dog who comes inside the
building when it feels that it rains. The person did not accept his argument and slept on the
roof. However the rain started in the midnight to which surprised him. (al-Makasib, p. 25)
423
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9. jt-Lp & Li ji (j ! jJU; . 3 / 223 / 58 ! jjySfi
^ Lr^ '
*_L*J _^-A ^j) <8 !»' 4_*^jiC aJjcJI 4_oX*j
C Li' ^lp t3 Jj-P 3“^"'1'*^ Ooj^-: OL^-j^M J±*P-* i_j
^-°-Lo L»*2j' ^JLWJl (3 Jl jl L«^” .
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 58, p. 223, no. 3
1 1 . It can be understood from these traditions that the science of stars that is prohibited
is not astronomy that exists in this present time, but rather it is the study of stars that looks
into the effect of stars on the fate of a person and foretelling future events through
observing the planets in that they themselves effect human beings.
12. 2402 / 267 / 2 ! *iai\ oj^a ^ .
13. al-Faqih, v. 2, p. 267, no. 2402
424
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373 - jJu!'
373. THE VOW
1720 - jJ&y fclijji
1720. The Vow
<3 241 lUjJj j'yLp siy.1 cdtl i[)
'■ (j^i
“When the wife of Imran said, 'My Lord, I dedicate to You what is in
my belly, in consecration. Accept it from me; indeed You are the All-
hearing, the All-knowing. ” 2
(jUajl a2_Laj 4^1 oli J-
^ f j-
r
“Whatever charity you may give, or vows that you may vow, Allah
indeed knows it, and the wrongdoers have no helpers. ” 4
“They fulfil their vows and fear a day whose ill will be widespread. ” 6
y* ! ■ (jj. 3)Lj ! ^Lj aI^S <j ■ aAp JiUl ,6082
(jLij t A*AJ aJTj 4^ip .Uil ^ 3 L^3Lt2 t OL^w^ L^J
^L1 c ax! L^UIp 0[ Ij-ij 24a4 (3 caj-Aj Lj i Li \ L^aL*-!
au! L>_^_c~3ls t , g - ;.j 1 •>- 241-iSj t A^isli oJli 24J-iSj t ^y^3_ r1' ^
^ aIsLp
6082. Imam al-Baqir (AS), with regard to Allah's verse in the Qur'an:
“They fulfil their vows”, said, 'al-Hasan and al-Husayn became sick when
they were young children, so the Prophet (SAWA) visited them and there
were two men with him. One of the two men said [to Imam Ali], 'O Abu al-
Hasan, why don't you make a vow for your two children for Allah to cure
them.’ He said, 'I will fast for three days in thanks to Allah Almighty.
Fatima also said the same, and so did their servant Fidda. Allah Almighty
covered them with good health, and so they fasted the next day.' 8
Notes
1. 35 ! j(r^P JT
2. Quran 335 !
3. 270 : 53/' ■
4. Quran 2270:
5. 7 : oi~Ai .
6. Quran 767:
425
w w w . alhas s anain . or g/engli sh
7. 5 / 190 / 16 ! JjL*j .
8. Wasa'il al-Shia, v. 16, p. 190, p. 5
426
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1721 - Js- obi )h lal/
1721. THE [DIVINE] DISAPPROVAL OF MAKING
SOMETHING OBLIGATORY UPON ONESELF
^3] , 4^1 3 a' ^pp JjL.j *6083
3 ' a ./?'!' 4 jjlfwJl 3 U^plv=>l ipSsA ^lp cAjtA
cAi , 4^jij ^1p C>jj 3 i Ob^Y 3] ; Jb ^
^ij .u: L*_^pL/?l ^1p 31A c3Jb- bi[ t ^Ip ^ 1 ^ ^ i 3] |
’. bd : Jli ? iaA lil L4istit 4 t_sLp
6083. Wasa'il al-Shia, narrating from Ishaq b. Ammar: 'I said to Abu
Abdullah: 'I enforced upon myself [as a vow] two units of prayer to perform
while travelling or at home in thanks to Allah: 'Should I pray them while
travelling during the daytime?' He said, 'Yes.' He then said, 'I hate the
making of things obligatory; which is when a man makes something
obligatory upon himself.' I said, 'I did not make them [the two units]
obligatory on myself for Allah, but I made it incumbent for myself, to pray
in thanks to Allah, and I did not make it obligatory for myself. So can I
leave them, if I want?’ He said, 'Yes.' 2
Notes
1. 1 / 189 / 16 ! .
2. Ibid. v. 16, p. 189, no. 1
427
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374 - £^1)1
374. ADVISING
1722 -
1722. ENJOINMENT OF ADVICE
*. *3 L» au! jiislj (Jj
“I communicate to you the messages of my Lord and I am a
trustworthy well-wisher for you. ” 2
.91 ! AjyJ'j 93 4 79 ! Jsi/Ai [faA)
(See also: Qur'an 7:79, 7:93, 9:91)
4j f -cl u Ajd 3u i aJ 3 ^Gp awi awi .6084
3. (_} t
6084. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Allah Almighty said, 'The most
beloved way that My servant can use to worship Me is through sincerity and
advising for My sake.' 4
? , Ldi c ^ ^ , ~ ajL*.-^^ “ a] 3 4-1p aWI 3y-*j .6085
3, t (jyi-Lj.1 t aJj-p/j t Ajl^jj t 4S1 ; Jli
6085. The Prophet (SAWA) said to his companions, 'Religion is advise.'
We asked, 'For whom?' He said, 'For the sake of Allah, His Book, His
Messenger, the leaders of the Muslims, and the general people.' 6
aWI -Up aJ ^ h c-i 0) ■ aJ 3 a2 p aWI aWI .6086
2 , aJL13- a - ^ db A^jl 3? ^jfeLJu.1
6086. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The people who have the greatest
status with Allah on the Day of Judgment are those who roamed the earth
the most, advising His creatures.' 8
. a^*^aJ aipc -wysaps oU-i ^>~f\ ^ -i^ '? , aJ 3 a^Ip awi awi 3y^Aj .6087
6087. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Let the advice a man gives to his
brother be the same advice he would give to himself.' 10
1 1 j! oils'll { iiu-t j^sti : fsLJi aJp ^Lp .6088
6088. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Give sincere advice to your brother, whether
it be good or bad.’ 12
c3 ^ a ^1p 2-a^ j ^9— -Jl a-1p JLLy2Jl .6089
13 .
6089. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'It is obligatory for the believer to advise
a fellow believer, present or absent.' 14
428
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oUUj c 4W a4p i6090
15. La
6090. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’You must advise Allah's creatures for
His sake, for you will never meet Him with a deed better than this.' 16
Notes
1. 62 : AiyAi .
2. Quran 768 !
3. 16/577/2 : •
4. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 2, p. 577, no. 16
5. 95 / 74 / 1 ! .
6. Sahih Muslim, no. 55
7. 5 / 208 / 2 : jisdi .
8. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 20, no. 4
9. 4 / 208 / 2 : jl<ji .
10. Ibid. v. 2, p. 20, no. 5
11. 31 cAiSOl ! ■
12. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 31
13. 2 / 208 / 2 : jisdi .
14. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 208, no. 2
15. 6 / 208 / 2 : jisdi .
16. Ibid. v. 2, p. 208, no. 6
429
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1723 -
1723. THE SIGNS OF AN ADVISER
jSLb ^v2j2j , a^S^p Lh , aJIj a2p ^ aWI (Jy-xj >6091
*. U-l ^p C A^uL oL^jJ L* ^.LJJ 1 A~Uj JpLl 3
6091. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'As for the signs of the adviser, there
are four: he judges with truth, gives the right due from his own self, accepts
for people what he accepts for himself, and he does not transgress against
anybody.' 2
iu*j hf up ^ ^ ... : rsLJ! up y ■* fL*V' -6092
' , — a
6092. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'It is enough for a person ... when advising, to
prohibit what he would not accept for himself.’ 4
, £ .Lpl L)jy (. A^j , Q Pj h ' A^*o2aJ ^i3i Si : r^LJi Up fi^i .6093
, Aj^J +/2 pi AwvuU
6093. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who among people is the best adviser to
his own self is the one who is most obedient to his Lord, and the most
deceitful of people to his own self is the one who is most disobedient to his
Lord.’ 6
a X g rll j_p,Aj Jl A*J_P .6094
6094. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, 'Excessive advice calls for
accusation.' 8
\ AA^vglll ! ^UJl Up dSiLUl i6095
6095. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’[Good] Advice from a jealous person is
impossible.’ 10
jpL! J^Pli t A^Uj jCLU jlp awI ^U?L L ! aLp JLL*U i6096
a&I (jp y> (Gij y>-jjp aSi! lijj ! ijdUU- ^kpl hfjt li dAlj
li
6096. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’No sooner does a Muslim servant advise
his own self for the sake of Allah, and give the rights due from himself, and
take the rights due to him than he is given two features: sustenance from
Allah which he will be satisfied with, and satisfaction with Allah that will
save him.' 12
Notes
1. 20 ! JjUl .
2. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 20
3. 138 J37 / 3 ! aUi .
430
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4. Kashf al-Ghamma, v. 3, p. 137-138
5. 86 0* .
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 87
7. 26 : sjjJi .
8. al-Durra al-Bahira, p. 26
9.9/ 194/78 : ^ M ■
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 194, no. 9
11.47 / 46 : Jui-I.
12. al-Khisal, p. 46, no. 47
431
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1724 - 4JT-.w2.tl I JjJi
1724. ENJOINMENT OF ACCEPTING ADVICE
AjJjJ IjjLp A^4j t Aj-C^J aAp ^bA' .6097
i
6097. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Blessed be the one who obeys an adviser who
guides him, and avoids a deviant person who misleads him.’ 2
3. nh ^Ji\ jjV ji : fsLJ! aAp ^Lp .6098
6098. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who opposes [good] advice will perish.' 4
^ slj t dJi jAj AbStb ^y> £j\_ ; aJp- jslsi .6099
5. Jilp AU
6099. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Follow he who makes you cry when he
advises you, and do not follow he that makes you laugh while he deceives
you.'6
Notes
1. 5944 : j> •
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 5944
3. 7743 •
4. Ibid. no. 77
5. 2526 / 440 / 2 :
6. al-Mahasin, v. 2, p. 440, no. 2526
432
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375 - JUiV*
375. FAIRNESS
1725 - Jip id-1
1725. Enjoinment of Fairness
- JjilLi J3ti aSiI jj) ^1*7 dy (j - aJp yp ^L«5l1 .6100
-i^ a ill ! c I !
6100. Imam Ali (AS), with regard to Allah's verse in the Qur'an: “ Indeed
Allah enjoins justice and kindness” 3 , said, 'Justice is fairness, and
kindness is courteousness.' 4
5. ylii y^t *l>uyi : yui Up yp yy .6101
6101. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Fairness is the best of characteristics.' 6
7. uyi 3i /jJji *l>uyi : yLJi aAp yp yy .6102
6102. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Fairness brings harmony between hearts.’ 8
\ a1*»j ji Jii i yLAi aJp yp »L»y .6103
6103. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'With fairness relationships last.' 10
5yyy jKj : yLJi aAp yp yy .6104
6104. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'With fairness relations are increased.' 12
l3. diuyi sjjiJi oiij : yLJi aAp yp yy .6105
6105. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The zakat of power is fairness.’ 14
15. yuyir jup y : rwJi aAp jsui yy .6106
6106. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'There is no justice like fairness.'
16
Notes
l. 90 ! yut .
2. 231 usA-i ; ap*>ui 0* .
3. Quran 16: 90
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 231
5.971 : ^ j>.
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 97 1
7. ajU? Q US' oUu' U aUUI Qj t 1130 jA” ■
8. Ibid. no. 1130
9.4190 : y^A-
10. Ibid. no. 4190
11. 224 usA-i ; apsui y: .
12. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 224
13. 5448 : ,A .
433
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14. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 5448
15. 1 / 165/78 : jijfli m.
16. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 165, no. 1
434
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1726 - ^
1726. ENJOINMENT OF FAIRNESS TOWARDS THOSE
WHO ARE NOT FAIR
*. 5/ ji ■ (*5LJi ^Jp yp -6107
6107. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’A believer is fair to one who is not fair to
him.’ 2
J. <ul]a y> Jipl aJp yp "6108
6108. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The most just of people is he who is fair
towards those who do wrong to him.' 4
y, ... drills y* aJp »L»y i6109
6109. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Keep ties to those who cut theirs with
you. ...and be fair to those who dispute with you.' 6
Notes
1. 1410 : yj-t j> .
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1410
3.3186 : yj-t j> .
4. Ibid. no. 3186
5. 305 ! .
6. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 305
435
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1727 -
1727. FAIRNESS IN SPITE OF ONESELF
iliw 2jIj t jdLaJl , aJTj <u!p <4)1 .6110
' , UL>- ejjai
6110. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever is charitable towards a poor
person, and is fair towards people in spite of himself, then he is the true
believer.' 2
jA rjA AA aJt (ji ^4AI : fbLJ! Up fL.^1 .6111
3. aJp
6111. Imam Ali (AS) said, The fairest of people is he who is fair in spite
of himself without someone judging over him.' 4
Sfi &\ sij 1 j-d 'j ja ^i3i ijuf& £1 Ml : (.slji aUp yp ^umi .6112
5-^
6112. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Indeed he who is fair to people in spite of
himself, Allah will only increase him in dignity.' 6
... <u»A dA- ... jjj.1 ilA?- . ^M-Al aJp ^UMl .6113
, 4J Ob 13] jjAl ALA]
6113. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'It is enough for a person ... endowed with
intellect to be fair [to others] in spite of himself ... and [for a person]
endowed with fairness to accept the truth when it becomes clear to him.' 8
u-131 JAlj aSiI JiA I i - ycibU ajLST" j* - Up ^lp -6114
6114. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to Malik al-Ashtar said, '...be fair for
Allah and be fair to people in spite of yourself, and in spite of your close
members of your family, and in spite of those towards whom you have
inclinations from among your followers, for if you do not do so you will be
oppressing.’ 0
t 4 M[ L^A-A M aA- 4W tl)[ ! ^SAJl Ap JiUl ^L*Ml .6115
11 '-<1 I •< •.
. A^vu2j
6115. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Allah has a Heaven that no one enters
other than three kinds of people: one of them is he who judges himself with
truth.’ 12
Notes
1. 48 / 47 ! JuA-i .
2. al-Khisal, p. 47, no. 48
3. 3345 : pPu ^ .
436
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4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3345
5. 4 / 144 / 2 : jl<ji .
6. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 144, no. 4
7. 138 c 1 37 / 3 ! iiiJl uiAS' .
8. Kashf al-Ghamma, v. 3, p. 137-138
9. 53 .
10. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 53
11. 19/ 148/2 : jisOi.
12. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 148, no. 19
437
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1728 - ^
1728. THOSE WHO ARE NOT FAIR
JpAl \ Tjul Aj*Aj ^ Aj*}0 ! aAp ^Lp *LAl i6116
'■ a? (v/3'y t ^U]l JA p\j I
6116. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There are three types of people who cannot
expect fairness from three other types of people: an intelligent man from a
fool, a righteous man from a corrupt man, and a kind man from a vile man.'
2
ja ’Jllp ^ <■ (j ^ h/ | ^A~J( aJp ^Jip ,6117
3-
6117. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A righteous man cannot expect fairness from
a corrupt man, nor can a knowledgeable man expect fairness from an
ignorant man.’ 4
Notes
1.4674 : (AAt j>.
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4674
3. 10733 10732 : r<Ai .
4. Ibid. no. 10732-10733
438
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376 - >111
376. SIGHT
1729 - JJ\j
1729. THE EYE IS THE SCOUT OF THE HEART
K jin 1 S' c^s\ : rsLJi Up ^Lp .6118
6118. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The eye is the messenger of the heart.' 2
3. jiu lyj ^i,u- : fSLJi Up »/' .6119
6119. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The eye is the spy of the heart, and the
messenger of the intellect.' 4
6. AdUl : rSLJ Up ^Lp >5/' .6120
6120. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The heart is the book of the eye.' 7
Notes
1. 368 ! >i-t jj- .
2. Ibid. no. 368
3.52/41 / 104 :
4. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 104, p. 41, no. 52
5. AjlS" lg j *,ig J 1 aJjLuj L« i^\
^Ls^aJl) .
6. 409 U&u
7. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 409
439
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1730 - 0Ua.«4Ji jju
1730. THE EYES ARE THE SNARES OF THE DEVIL
1.7-* ^ -7. ^ £ oiyJbuJi Ji » >ei : rsLJi Up .6121
oLoj
6121. Jesus (AS) said, ’Beware of looking at that which is forbidden, as it
is the seed of desires and the plant of corruption.’ 2
c j-U ~b , d i j 4Up .6122
3. AliiJl
6122. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Beware of futile gazes for they
introduce lustful inclinations and produce inattentiveness.' 4
5. oiiaJsJi i-u* >201 ^slji aUp .6123
6123. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The eyes are the snares of the devil.' 6
7. >i)i ^ ^ ^ : fsLJi aUp fi-vi .6124
6124. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Blindness is better than looking excessively.'
8
4jU c jjilu a4p .6125
6125. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who lets his sight loose exhausts his
present moment, and he whose glances follow each other successively is in
constant loss.' 10
! oy)ij a >" \ 4*1p .6126
6126. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'How many a look has brought about
long regret!' 12
Notes
1. 52 / 42 / 104 : yyH \ .
2. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 104, p. 42, no. 52
3.29/ 199/72 : .
4. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 72, p. 199, no. 29
5. 950 j> .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 950
7. 95 ! Jjidl .
8. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 95
9. 33 / 38 / 104 : y/i \ M. .
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 104, p. 38, no. 33
11. 12/559/5 : jisU.
12. al-Kafi, v. 5, p. 559, no. 12
440
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441
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1731 - J; jklh djgj -ja
1731. THOSE WHOM LOOKING AT THEM IS
CONSIDERED WORSHIP
^yj\ Ji jMiij t sslp Ji jSiSji : aITj Jp &\ .6127
Alii (3 iijj" C oSLp aAjj Ail^j c oSLp J^^.1
oSLp
6127. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Looking at a scholar is worship,
looking at a just leader is worship, looking at one's parents with affection
and mercy is worship, and looking at a brother you love for the sake of
Allah is worship.' 2
a^-J Q , o^Lp (3 , aJ a3p aWI Alii .6128
3. (jj ‘ (jj ‘
6128. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Looking at three things is worship:
looking at the faces of one's parents, at the Book [Qur'an], and at the sea.' 4
Notes
1. 59 / 73 / 74 : yAi .
2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74, p. 73, no. 59
3. 19 / 90 : rlA I
4. Sahifa al-Imam al-Rida (AS), p. 90, no. 19
442
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1732 - jAA 'jos* JlJ~\
1732. ENJOINMENT OF LOWERING ONE'S GAZE
A 'j:rS- j[ Jj! dAi jyi il^y ly-AA
U *^1 J&i) (Jifri *^3 yAjiAj jA-AA 0%UJ !°1*3 ^ 0yAc/2j
'■ (4-^ 34^
“Tell the faithful men to cast down their looks and guard their private
parts. That is more decent for them. Allah is indeed well aware of what
they do. And tell the faithful women to cast down their looks and to guard
their private parts, and not to display their charms, except for what is
outward. ” 2
. 3/1 Ja>- 3^1 yA fj -j j-ap , aJTj «l>l t- Aiii a .6129
3. jliSJi laj
6129. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Every limb of man has a part in
adultery: the adultery of the eye is looking [unlawfully].' 4
, vl^oL>c*Jl OjJj \j. a/s p , <uLp L5U? a\)I .6130
6130. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Lower your gazes [from the forbidden]
and you will see wonders.’ 6
*L®LJLSl ^yj 4^P ^ [A- *A® ■ A3 .Uil ^ .ujI (Jy^yj .6131
2. £->33 Ay-4 01 3/] C jlAl y^y
6131. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Whoever fills his gaze with what is
prohibited, Allah will fill his eyes with fire on the Day of Judgment, unless
he repents and returns.’ 8
cAi oIjA ^1p 4^ d . .,-g y. -vcri , A 3 ®Ap 4^1 yA (Jy~®y .6132
*■ Wa jA- y1 ^=rjj jA- eft
6132. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’The anger of Allah is intensified
towards a married woman who fills her eyes with [lust for] someone other
than her husband and other than those of her blood relatives [mahram].’ 10
11 . Ad3 ^\J Asjs 332A j* \ aAp fjx. 31AI1 .6133
6133. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’He who lowers his gaze will rest his heart.’ 12
IgAp ^3 t »y^>— J> (j-Aj) ^l$-y yr? oyklll ! aAp JbUAl .6134
' 3 , A Jj£ bbd A!
6134. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’A glance is a poisoned arrow from the
arrows of Satan. He who refrains from it [glancing] for the sake of Allah
and for nothing other than Him, Allah will grant him a faith, the taste of
which he will experience.’ 14
443
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\ ~ oLuv 3 L£ ~ a*1p L^jjl b6135
£ f.Lw*3l ^ b c^b^^>e-kl $.Lw*3l
L» t L>~^ (J^>-jJlj ^y» aJI L»j t (JL>^J!
L>-lSvJ 0 3^~ji (3*^-^ J_pljJjlj) | ^J,l*J a^ t jjjtJuJl a1^>1
l6. 5f^ Ji (j-t "^ ... I5(...
6135. Imam al-Rida (AS), in what he wrote in answer to some queries of
Muhammad b. Sinan, said, 'Looking at the hair of veiled women with
husbands, and all women besides them is prohibited, for what it arouses in
men, and for what that arousal engenders in terms of corruption and
embarking upon what is not permitted and not good. And also, what is
similar to hair, except those women whom Allah mentions: “As for women
advanced in years ” 17 ... as there is no problem in looking at the hair of their
.863 i— A ! hjJl (jiijl)
(See also: FORNICATION: section 863)
Notes
t.31 j 30 : j>J' .
2. Quran 2430,3 1 !
3.1129/408 : ^ .
4. Jami al-Akhbar, p. 408, no. 1129
5. 52/41 / 104 : M.
6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 104, p. 41, no. 52
7. 1 / 334 / 76 : jtySh .
8. Ibid. v. 76, p. 334, no. 1
9. 1 / 338 ! JUp ■
10. Thawab al-A'mal, p. 338, no. 1
n.9122 : r<Ai
12. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 9122
13. 4969 / 18 / 4 : 4imi\ c,_~aA n ^ ■—jUs' .
14. al-Faqih, v. 4, p. 18, no. 4969
15. 60 : jyi\ .
16. 1 / 97 / 2 : ujJi ju4 .
17. Quran 2460:
18. Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (AS), v. 2, p. 97
444
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1733 - lia?- ajlalll
1733. THE FIRST GLANCE IS A MISTAKE AND THE
SECOND IS INTENTIONAL
o^sj (Jjl eJJ 9 ■ ~ aJp ~ aAp .6136
\ dlJ ^ eiip t
6136. The Prophet (SAWA) said to Ali (AS), 'O Ali, you are allowed the
first glance, but the second is against you, not in your favour.' 2
&i% t ddJ eiip t aU Jjf : rsLJi aJp fiAh .6137
3. iisttl L^i
6137. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The first glance is allowed to you, but
the second is against you and not in your favour. In the third lies your ruin.'
4
t j Jjl) ojiiJl ! aTp ■6138
, 44X9 l ^ 4>-l - A \j£
6138. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Glance after glance plants desire in the
heart, and that is enough of a temptation for the onlooker.' 6
Notes
1. 4971 / 19 / 4 ! A-iiii S ■—jUS" .
2. al-Faqih, v. ,4 p. 19, no. 4971
3. 4658 / 474 / 3 ! *Jai\ » S ^jbs' .
4. Ibid. v. 3, p. 474, no. 4658
5. 4970 / 18 / 4 ! “uiiJt 0^42^ S ■—jUS" .
6. Ibid. v. 4, p. 18, no. 4970
445
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1734 - lS'j J*
1734. HE WHO SEES A WOMAN THAT PLEASES HIM
Jl^p jl i ‘ iLssI oils Sl^.1 L lil | aJp yp *6139
1 L)is t L^JP (^Alj - ^ c (_1| till U..\ 11 t ^lj L* ^Jjt« 4jj&!
a1j2j aSiIJLA) ^ t aJTj ^glll ^jIp t (jdS"" aSiI ijdiSj ~jj
4J 4j
4^Jc) La 4J^1 _) 4J TC^O 4jli
6139. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’If one of you sees a woman he is interested
in, he should go to his wife, for she possesses whatever he saw. He should
not allow the devil a path to his heart, and he should avert his eyes away
from her. If he does not have a wife, he should offer two units of prayer and
praise Allah a lot, and invoke blessings on the Prophet and his household,
then he should ask from the grace of Allah, for He will grant him from His
compassion that which will make him free from need.’ 2
Notes
1.1/115/10:^1 jU.
2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 10, p. 1 15, no. 1
446
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377-3>uLl
377. DEBATE
1735 - ojkii
1735. Debate
U / <j t /U" b ! ‘ <3 " (*SUJl aJp /p /Vl ,6140
/iAj (jjiJl /y iiyUd jly i o/Uj iiCli t pi p* £»/
'.-(Lsu i^jl* OjUiAi i ^ iigi ~^- ii)j) : djjL ai
6140. Imam Ali (AS), in his advice to Kumayl said, 'O Kumayl, in every
race there are groups better than groups, so beware of debating with the vile
of them, and if they insult you, then tolerate them, and be of those whom
Allah has described in His verse: “and when the ignorant address them, say,
'Peace!'. 34
: - /Ui /u u/ / jdaji ii u uj - fSLJi Up /V1 -6141
jir l jJa j jl i/U: ^i) 1 41 U c o/j 2>)i U-U lil
5. ifc/j ^ liSCis
6141. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) when al-Tayyar asked him about the detesting
of debating with people said, 'As for the speech of the likes of you, it is not
disliked. He who flies knows how to descend, and if he was to descend he
knows how ascend again, so if one is like this, we do not dislike it.' 6
cU*s ? jl/ll jJU L« ! J^-Sfl jU>- pUJl Up (JiLUl ^LUl .6143
all Up 4lU 4jli i oyiUlj kA^ll Up Al /ol t Al Ap ! (Jfii c ■
7
6142. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said to Abu Jafar al-Ahwal, 'How is Ibn al-
Tayyar?' al-Ahwal said, 'He has passed away.' He (AS), 'The mercy of Allah
be upon him, and may Allah give him mercy and blissfulness, as he would
debate for the sake of us Ahl al-Bayt.' 8
Notes
1. 63 : oiU' ■
2. 26 ! ^ala-Ut ojLio .
3. Quran 2563!
4. Basharat al-Mustafa, p. 26
5. 39/ 136/2 : y/ijU.
6. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 2, p. 136, no. 39
7.41 / 136/2 : j/ijU.
8. Ibid. v. 2, p. 136, no. 41
447
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448
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1736 - j) 0U0 otyr
1736. THE IMAM'S ANSWER TO ONE WHO INVITED
HIM TO DEBATE
! ■ (j jiiLuj ! 4J Jli J 4*1p .6143
L« c vUjjJj C^uS”" Ots L ^ip ^--5 jy^-t hi i-Uk 9
cj J^hJl jl Ji o|j !? 5(jWiJJj 4,
1 ! tj^44y eX
6143. Imam Husayn (AS) replied to a man who said, 'Sit down so we can
debate about religion' - 'O you, I am aware of my religion, and my path is
clear for me. So, if you are ignorant about your religion then go and seek it.
What do I have to do with disputation?! Indeed the devil tempts a person
and calls him, saying, 'Debate with people regarding their religion so that
they do not think of you as incapable and ignorant.' 2
Notes
1.32/ 135/2 : }yH\ .
2. Ibid. v. 2, p. 135, no. 32
449
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378 - AsUiUi
378. CLEANLINESS
1737 - J p
1737. ENJOINMENT OF CLEANLINESS
< -A ^ ■ a] I j Aklp A^l
.6144
ISUiSji
6144. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Indeed Allah is pleasant and loves all
that is pleasant. He is clean and loves cleanliness.' 2
J Ajls £ a))I f Si /'h odjfc g h , aJ 1 J aTp a))1 a))I .6145
j^4-^ ■ h![ ^J-4^ ^v1 apL^. d-JiaJcj l ojLs^ (3 eXi* aJL^ oIj h![ c^w«j -Up
8, ly&Lh CjLi Aj13 £i-Cjd Jjipl
6145. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Purify these bodies and Allah will
purify you. For when a servant sleeps in a state of purity, an angel sleeps
with him [engaged] in his remembrance. Any time of the night when he
turns over, the angel says, 'O Allah forgive Your servant, for he has slept
i 4
pure.
ajAv^J c a^a \j hjtdi j ■ ! ' 14) “ a)Tj a4p a))1 a))I .6146
^ , aAjcJI ajC^J
uu.
AjU
6146. The Prophet (SAWA), when he saw a man whose hair on his head
was dishevelled, whose clothes were dirty, and who had a bad appearance,
said, 'It is part of religion to enjoy oneself and to display one's bounties.' 6
Jji c£|A ^(9 aJp a))1 a))I bbl ! a))1 -CP JjA .6147
aTp (j) ypT S'Aj aj L. I-Ip Old”" L.1 ! JUli <. iJjjA
^ ^ Aj^j Aj J.L. Jj£ Idjb ijlS"" L.I . (Jli^ aA^jj >Lj
6147. Jabir b. Abdullah al-Ansari said, 'The Prophet (SAWA) visited us,
and he saw an untidy man whose hair was dishevelled, so he said, 'Did this
man not find anything with which to tame his hair?!' He then saw another
man, who was wearing dirty clothes, so he said, 'Did this man not have any
water to wash his clothes with?!' 8
aA)1 013 i a "♦ h" ■ -4 L. [3 0 h * 1 , aJIj a4p a))! a))1 l! y^j .6148
\ •_ ° da. j Y Adl-I t Ajliilll ^Jp
6148. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Keep yourselves as clean as possible,
for Allah Almighty built Islam on cleanliness, and no one will ever enter
Heaven unless they are clean.' 10
1 1 . tL 4 4ii 5) ! aJTj aJp iii 4)1 .6149
450
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6149. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Indeed Allah loves the clean
worshipper.' 12
, 4 a 1 . ri ij jj£-\ , dTj 4rip .Uil 16150
6150. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever wears clothes must clean
them.' 14
jjsj c jjil ^ cAdaJl ! 4-it- ^Ip- i6151
15 . oWiUlS
6151. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Clean clothes take away sorrow and grief,
and it is [a condition of] purity for prayers.' 16
17 „ 'j&\ ^ : fSLJi Jp jiUi .6152
6152. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Sweeping of the houses eradicates
poverty.'18
19. jjjU H 4 cjUi ji ^53 ^ : fSLJi rip fL*V -6153
6153. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Washing dishes and sweeping the
courtyard attracts sustenance.' 20
21 . ^klsi jLjMi : fSLJi rip l^jii ^iaji .6154
6154. Imam al-Rida (AS) said, 'From the morals of the prophets is
cleanliness.' 22
Notes
I. 2799/ 112/5 : ^ .
2. Sunan al-Tirmidhi, no. 2799
3. 26003 : Jii-Ji .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 26003
5. 5 / 439 / 6 : jisdi .
6. al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 439, no. 5
7.4062/51 /4 : jjyb .
8. Sunan Abi Dawud, no. 4062
9. 26002 : Jii-Jt .
10. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 26002
II. 26000 : jurii jA.
12. Ibid. no. 26000
13.3/441/6 : jisdi.
14. al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 441, no. 3
15. 14/444/6 : jisdi .
16. Ibid. v. 6, p. 444, no. 14
17. 2 / 571 / 3 ! JJU.5 ■
18. Wasa'il al-Shia, v. 3, p. 571, no. 2
19. 73 / 54 : Jriri-I .
20. al-Khisal, p. 54, no. 73
451
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21.4/335/78 : jU.
22. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 335, no. 4
452
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1738 - aillaSJi & >U4ll
1738. WARNING AGAINST UNCLEANLINESS
, ^ 4^Lp .uii ^ .6155
6155. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'How wretched is the servant who is
filthy.’ 2
3. 1)1a : *JTj Up 4)1 jLa 4)1 J J-J .6156
6156. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The filthy ones perish.’ 4
i . ui u*u- * >iyji hf , d ij up- <u)i .6157
5. jlkAjI
6157. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Do not place dirt behind the door, for
it is the shelter of the devil.' 6
(3 *)} , 4J I j <ufp 4^1 a34 \ i6158
6158. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Do not leave garbage overnight in
your houses, and take it out in the daytime, for it is the dwelling place of the
devil.' 8
t aj Ijilgiu ! aJlp ^1p B6159
aJI ^y ojjjilJjJi o.5Lp (j-* ^ 4^1 01$ $ Ij-Cgjcj
9
6159. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Clean yourselves with water from the bad
smells that are offensive, and attend to yourselves; for Allah Almighty hates
the dirty from among His servants whose seating companions become
disdained as a result of him.' 10
(j 4Sy jli • ~>3^~ CS IjjjlaJ | ^UJl Up ^Lp ^LUl .6160
11
'j&\
^jy.
cUJl
6160. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Clean your houses of cobwebs, for leaving
them in the house brings about poverty.' 12
(See also: PURITY 254)
Notes
1.6/439/6 : jiSU
2. al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 439, no. 6
3. 7422 ! Jiui yS .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 7422
, «3jig]jji» 254 jij^p (jliii)
453
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5. 3 / 572 / 3 ! •
6. Wasa'il al-Shia, v. 3, p. 572, no. 3
7. 4968 / 5 / 4 ! “uiiJi 0^14 n ^ .
8. al-Faqih, v. 4, p. 5, no. 4968
9. 10 / 620 : Jui-i .
10. al-Khisal, p. 620, no. 10
ll.2/575 /3i A*~iJi JjL*j .
12. Wasa'il al-Shia, v. 3, p. 575, no. 2
454
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379 - ‘UxJi
379. BOUNTIES
1739
1739. THE BOUNTIES OF ALLAH CANNOT BE
ENUMERATED
(j lIs”" oLaj^i ^ l« ^js""
“And He gave you all that you had asked Him. If you enumerate
Allah 's blessing, you will not be able to count them. Indeed man is most
unfair and ungrateful !” 2
f (j i^fs~ ^ ji ^ Ct" ■ <4)1 .6161
4, Ajl-ip LOj aLaP jX2-^ -4jh <. f
6161. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'He who does not see the bounties of
Allah upon himself other than in his food, drink, and clothes, surely his
actions fall short and his punishment is near.' 4
*)!j ( O^hLajl Alp-la ^Jl4 Sf <U) -LaA| l Ajp ^La5[l .6163
Oj^Lajl oL-LaJtj
6162. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Praise be to Allah whose extolment speakers
cannot attain, and whose bounties cannot be enumerated by those who
count.' 6
j)j4 5/ Ah t <3 ” aJp - ^La5/l .6163
A^o-Lajj Aa^aa^Jj o-IaaP- j^a ^Jj4 C Allslpj i)-Up ^jj>-j)JP a4)I A_aJti
7.
6163. Imam Ali (AS), in his advice to Kumayl said, ’O Kumayl, you
cannot ever be devoid of the bounties of Allah and the good health [given to
you by Him], so do not remain without praising Him, exalting Him,
glorifying Him, sanctifying Him, thanking Him and remembering Him in
every situation.’ 8
Notes
1 . 34 . .
2. Quran 1434!
3.5/316/2 :
4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 316, no. 5
5. 1 aA4-i ; ap">ui .
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 1
7. 28 ! SjLio .
455
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8. Bashara al-Mustafa, p. 28
456
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1740 - j£- £L&)1
1740. NEGLIGENCE OF BOUNTIES
* . SAAdlj
6164. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'There are two bounties that most
people are tested with: free time and health.' 2
6165. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’There are two bounties that people are
ungrateful for: safety and good health.’ 4
5. “tigii yjJ A4A 3-*-*)-^ ti ^ «Ji yp yu- 16I66
6166. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’He who lives in bounties is ignorant of the
worth of the calamity.’ 6
2, c^SjP 131^ c cAlii L« a2p y^Al i616V
6167. Imam Hasan (AS) said, 'Bounties are ignored as long as they exist,
but when they go they [their worth] are known.' 8
Notes
1.7/ 35 ! .
2. al-Khisal, p. 35, no. 7
3.1/170/81
4. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 81, p. 170, no. 1
5.70/ 12/78 : ^ jU.
6. Ibid. v. 78, p. 12, no. 70
7.12/115/78 : jijrti jW.
8. Ibid. v. 78, p. 115, no. 12
457
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1741 - ojjU
1741. EMBRACING BOUNTIES
XqJuJj JjjJ Uli ‘ <u1p ^1p ,6168
Lg-s iJ-»p U: ^1p
6168. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Appreciate the having of bounties before
their departure, for they will leave and testify against their owner with
respect to what he has done with them.' 2
2. Ui i fyjci\ JliJ | aJp (yp .6169
6169. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Beware the fleeing of bounties, for not every
runaway returns.' 4
l^s oSLjjii ^ LijjiA ^x^~- ijpli ; aJp .6170
, cpjcp L^J t t ciAIspI L^J t 0^ I^«JpI^ , L^Jp
6170. Imam al-Hadi (AS) said, 'Meet bounties by embracing them, and
plead for an increase in them by giving thanks for them, and know that the
self is the most accepting of what it is given and the most resistant against
that which it has been deprived of.' 6
Notes
1. 12 / 464 ■
2. Ilal al-Sharai, p. 464, no. 12
3. 246 Ui 0j i .
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 246
5. 312 : fLU.
6. Alam al-Din, p. 312
458
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1742 - U
1742. THAT WHICH CAUSES BOUNTIES TO REMAIN
I^J-iS"" $-AAJl a! jlSyj ,*-&dp h^*CLaj IjJLjIj IjA^I (_£yitSl ^Jjki ell 3^3)
“If the people of the towns had been faithful and Godwary, We would
have opened to them bounties from the Heaven and the earth. But they
denied; so we seized them because of what they used to earn. ” 2
ail jij is 3jj*j ^Ip i nxj 1 a«jtj ijoti ^ ail jL ddli)
3. (f#
“That is because Allah never changes a blessing that He has bestowed
on a people unless they change what is in their own souls, and Allah is
all-hearing, all-knowing. ” 4
l* ^ ^ 1 l-^hp a <j[ ■ 4.1 lj aAp awI awI >6171
6171. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Allah has servants whom He has
chosen for bounties. He establishes these in them as long as they distribute
them to people, but if they withhold them [the bounties], He transfers them
to other people.’ 6
t a*J[ ^.LJi ‘uip ail ; ^sAJi aAp |*i-*hfi >6172
I - Ac- Lc ^ c ^LafJlj ^lj jJJ I - A l-^^ a Sli aA5
7. jUllIj Jh
6172. Imam Ali (AS) said, He upon whom the bounties of Allah are
plenty, people's needs from him increase accordingly. So, if he uses them
for Allah in the way he must do so, He causes them to continue and remain.
But if he does not use them in the way that he must, He will make them
cease and perish.' 8
(_jA <uJcj Ij^jca-J hfl aS) L« fi\ ; ^bLAl aAp yp ^l*5/i *6173
9
6173. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The least of what you are obliged to do for
Allah is to not use His bounties to commit acts of disobedience to Him.' 1(1
! (o“!Aa 5f[) .Aj *yi , ^L^S\ aAp tJ^L^Jl ^L^h/I i6174
daa Jlj t lAjSs-i il^lj l 4jL>e^ aS) »j!j Lc
6174. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Bounties only remain when
accompanied by three things: knowledge of the status of Allah in the
blessings [being from Him], fulfilment of thanks for them, and striving with
them.' 12
459
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Ap ^ *Ajtj , " . ^ U C. Ap c3^L*2j' ^La5]l i6175
ii*lJ! aA iA3(j ^ (Jljijii 5/y 4jjjjJ.l JOc^-h c a4p
3^*7 O' cAlSo
6175. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'He upon whom are great bounties from
Allah, people's needs from him increase accordingly. So, seek continuity in
your bounties through bearing the expenses [of people], and do not let them
cease, for it is seldom that one's bounties cease and return to him again.' 14
j-ijjAj C<Ajcjl Ap Cl.iai ^ A A ^yt , aAp iSill 1 l6176
‘AjcjlACf- Cpjlj JAyAj
6176. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, ’He who economizes and is content, his
bounties will stay, and he who wastes and squanders, his bounties cease to
remain with him.’ 16
AAcJI (J-lxjl tjLojClA \ Ap lAjl' ^La^' i61V7
6177. Imam al-Rida (AS) said, ’Observing justice and benevolence
invites the continuation of bounties.' 18
.777 <— A I i—j-Ui (jiih)
(See also: SINNING: section 777)
Notes
1. 96 : Ai/Ai .
2. Quran 796i
3. 53 : JuAi .
4. Quran 853 !
5. 62 / 353 / 75 : ^ .
6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 75, p. 353, no. 62
7. 372 sAO-i : ap^ui .
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 372
9. 330 ‘uAJ-i , .
10. Ibid. Saying 330
11.318 ! Ja*^' .
12. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 318
13. 1 / 37 / 4 : jisdi .
14. al-Kafi, v. 4, p. 37, no. 1
15.4/327/78 : J^\ M.
16. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 327, no. 4
17. 52 / 24 / 2 : u-jJi jtA' o** .
18. Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (AS), v. 2, p. 24, no. 52
460
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461
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1743 - £iisj
1743. CONSECUTIVE SUCCESSION OF BOUNTIES AND
GRADUAL BAITING [FOR CHASTISEMENT]
flj til IjilSjB Lcl Js Let IjjlS'^l Sfj)
i I* >
■
“Let the faithless not suppose that the respite that We grant them is
good for their souls: We give them respite only that they may increase in
sin, and there is a humiliating punishment for them. ” 2
djzjtj lia aLj e-jj; ib c ^y\> ■ ^sLAi aIp ^A5/i >6178
3
6178. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’0 son of Adam, if you see your Lord, glory
be to Him, bestowing bounties upon you in continuous succession while you
are disobeying Him, then be cautious of Him.’ 4
LA ijd^-y jy* iS)l jiSyi! t^LSl ■ ^*5LJl aLp yp ^L*yi *6179
C ^>1 Jjt$ oA C1aI3 [f aJp Jy* f 4.L1JI ^0
" , -'A? (jLlPI 21L A p-U oA
Oli (j Ap Jj!
cAJ
6179. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’O people, let Allah see you fearing Him at
the time of happiness just as you fear Him in time of distress. Certainly he
who is given ease [of life] and does not consider it as a means of gradual
baiting towards tribulation [wrongdoing], considers himself safe against
what is to be feared, while he who is afflicted with straitened circumstances
but does not perceive them to be a trial loses the coveted reward.' 6
y2L AjJj t jjALA aAp i—jJ I ^bLJl aJp yp ^Ly ,6180
7. (jyLJ Li B
6180. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Very often a favoured person is gradually
being driven [towards punishment] through these favours; and very often an
afflicted person is being done good through his affliction.' 8
aLp A o-LJtl aJL*^. a1)I ^ \ ^bL~Jl a4p ^L5/l «6181
9
jSsAJi aAAj
6181. Imam Husayn (AS) said, 'Allah Almighty's gradual baiting of His
servant is that He envelops him with bounties and eradicates thankfulness
from him.' 10
Notes
1.178; jt .
2. Quran 3 178 !
3. 25 \ 3p*>Ul .
462
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4. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 25
5. 358
6. Ibid. Saying 358
7. 273 .
8. Ibid. Saying 273
9.7/117/78 :
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 1 17, no. 7
463
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1744 - diii iUjuj
1744. PROCLAIMING ABOUT THE BOUNTIES OF
ALLAH
i (ouAi dif) liij)
“And as for your Lord's blessing, proclaim it!” 2
, bXS' .^Lp ‘XaXi ^jl till dill tj) ■ d! ddp Alii Alii ,6182
6182. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah loves to see the signs of His
bounties on His servant.' 4
^ dJTj aAp aiiI (_jUd’ dill J cA>-i . doi I ^jI .6183
jhi A Jill ^ ^ I Jli ? dii Jj* dJTj aAp Al £~Jl Jlai i dtAl
5. AIAp Jb> dJJ jlA lil ! Jlai . <&l
6183. Abu al-Ahwas, narrating from his father said, 'I visited the Prophet
(SAWA) and he saw me with a bad appearance, so the Prophet (SAWA)
said, 'Do you own anything?' I said, 'Yes, all the wealth that Allah has given
me.' He (SAWA) said, 'If you have wealth then it should be seen on you.' 6
dJ_*Jl y>\ j j! AAj C(_)L»sM dill j) ,^bAJl aAp (*^1p ^Ahfl .6184
7 . o-A ^1p
6184. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Allah is Beautiful and He loves beauty, and
He loves to see the sign of His bounties on His servant.' 8
dip i-jjgioi 3_i jcj o-aA ^Js- <&l lill li) 1 ^bAJl aAp ij^UAl ^Ahfl ,6185
A dip Jg h" d ajCj jA lsJlp Al All Ay ^ dill aXxjj h-A A
7, A doJto tjjida
6185. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'When Allah blesses His servant with
bounties and it is manifest about him, he is called the beloved of Allah and a
proclaimer of Allah's bounties, and when Allah blesses a servant with
bounties and he does not show it, he is called the despiser of Allah and a
denier of Allah's bounties.' 10
%fs A d«jti aAp j! Ji-jlJ c SySAI (_^l ! ^“AAl aAp Jj^LAl ^L»hll .6186
u. Laj^Aj
6186. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Indeed I hate for a man to have been
bestowed bounties by Allah and to not show it.' 12
Notes
1.11 ! {J>Xa Jl .
2. Quran 93 1 1 !
3. 2819/ 124/5 : A-A'
464
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4. Sunan al-Tirmidhi, no. 2819
5. 196 / 8 : Jl— .
6. Sunan al-Nasa?i, v. 8, p. 196
7. 1 / 438 / 6 : jisOi .
8. al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 438, no. 1
9. 2 / 438 / 6 : .
10. Ibid. v. 6, p. 438, no. 2
n.9/439/6 :
12. Ibid. v. 6, p. 439, no. 9
465
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1745 - p\£
1745. THE COMPLETION OF BOUNTIES
p cu s -u&3 o-upj a 4-Jp cwi >6187
<1)1$ C 4p^J CUjS 0-Up t 4j^2. (3 LpT t 4jJj (3 *4 4CL^h \ Ljjjl (3 4pjcjl
OLc^l i o yp^lj LJjJl (3 cCjuJI cJp cup -Lib 4jL)l^]l o -Up cuJlS""
6187. The Prophet (SAW A) said, ’Whoever sleeps and wakes up
possessing three things, then bounties for him in this world are complete: he
who sleeps and wakes up with a healthy body, safe in his den, with enough
sustenance for the day. And if he has a fourth thing then the bounties of this
world and the Hereafter are complete in him, and that is faith.’ 2
\ \ Ji ‘uip yp -6188
6188. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Bounties are completed through humbleness.’
4
t ‘Upll 5 Jp jdUib |»5> Lip *5)1 i*j ljiuL.1 ! !l aJp yp ^1*^1 .6189
5
6189. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Complete the bounties of Allah over you by
i 6
having patience in obeying Him, and refraining from disobeying Him.
t J-i i3 aJp .6190
p J j, ^ p >
2, <u4-l ^Jp--L) 1 -Lp ^Ip 4-4*21 CUP C 4^4-1 Oy>S\ (3 CUjtJl
6190. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Bounties in this world are safety and a
healthy body, and the completion of bounties in the Hereafter is entrance
into Heaven. And the bounties [of Allah] are not complete until the servant
enters Heaven.' 8
Notes
1. 36 ! Jyiuf *— ap .
2. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 36
3. 224 ucSJ-i : spsUi 0® .
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 224
5. 188 sAcU ! iPbUl gP .
6. Ibid. Sermon 188
7. 87 / 408 : .
8. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 408, no. 87
466
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380 -
380. THE SOUL
1746 -
1746. THE CARNAL SOUL THAT PROMPTS TO EVIL
4] ^ /uiJl
“ Yet I do not absolve my [own carnal] soul, for the [carnal] soul indeed
prompts [men ] to evil, except inasmuch as my Lord has mercy. Indeed my
Lord is all-forgiving, all-merciful. ” 2
Y ',/7 l id I \ <Jlp yp ^L.5ll i6191
c jJjtll JaLCwo C^vPJj>- 'M J-
6191. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The carnal, seducting soul flatters as a
hypocrite flatters, and simulates the characteristics of an agreeing friend,
and as soon as it tricks and overcomes him [man], itoverpowers him as an
enemy overpowers and controls him like a controlling tyrant, and hence it
[the soul] drives a man towards his ruin.' 4
233] 4 ■ ~ ob-L^i (3 ” [jjj *L.Y .6192
j[ 4 (J_«Y illjis 4 Oji^" ■■■ 4 C Oj-iLi 4 OjUh yJt-jlj
t AfjijtJlj ojLr t j g ij'j iJlA c e[j 4 ^3^7 3/31
4j^x]L) 4 4)^43 4^1 tj>
6192. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS), in an intimate supplication said, ’O
Allah, to You I complain of a soul that prompts to evil, that hastens towards
wrongdoing and is fond of disobeying You... it has many faults, yet
[entertains] high expectations; when evil strikes it, it worries, and when
good comes its way, it withholds it. It inclines to amusement and frivolity,
full of inattentiveness and forgetfulness; it hastens me to sin, and stalls me
from repentance.’ 6
Notes
1.53
2. Quran 1253!
3.2106 ! pAJ-l j>.
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2106
5. 143 / 94 : ,u .
6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 94, p. 143
467
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1747 -
1747. THE SELF-REPROACHING SOUL
“ And I swear by the self-blaming soul!” 2
I L (3 aJlP Aill 4^ Jj— 'J *6193
^y> OiSjl Li ; jjJLi t jL«IUj jli ‘ oLi-LvaJl
^ujJLi ^j) : ^L*j aJ ^ dJJi t Oj-^23 ! JjJLj ! cpb4^1-l
6193. The Prophet (SAWA), in his advice to Ibn Masud said, '0 Ibn
Masud, increase in the acts of righteousness and good, for both the good
[people] and the bad will regret; the good-doer will say, 'If only I had done
more good!' And the bad-doer will say, 'I was negligent', and the evidence
for this is the verse: “And / swear by the self-blaming soul!” 4
Notes
1. 2 ! .
2. Quran 752'.
3. 2660 I 353 / 2 : j^uAi fJi£, .
4. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 2, p. 353, no. 2660
468
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1748 - j ^JU7
1748. TEACHING THE SOUL, DISCIPLINING IT AND
PURIFYING IT
>« C^> L>- -iij ^ LaISj >« -ii ^ UdjJLjj ^ L&IjA Gj
'. (l*lA3
“6y the son/ and Him who fashioned it, and inspired it with
[discernment between] its virtues and vices: one who purifies it is certainly
felicitous, and one who betrays it certainly fails. ” 2
U I^opIj 4 J2>jt ^ IjJy 4 ,>1111 LgjT : ^SLJl a4p >p .6194
3. liblp ojlps ^p
6194. Imam Ali (AS) said, '0 people, take charge of the disciplining of
your selves, and redress them from the wildness of their habits.' 4
", Uobg^- a4p >lp I .6195
6195. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Rule your souls by continuously struggling
with them.' 6
^>3 «.b Aill j) I >L~J( aJp >p .6196
7. (jLJjl
6196. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Godwariness is the cure for the sickness of
your hearts. ...and the purification of the pollution of your souls.' 8
9. >l>j >p >sf : >lji Adp >p fi.’jfi .6197
6197. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Come closer to your soul by retracting from it
[i.e. its carnal desires].' 10
> 4 LgA_L> A^uij > j a4p >LP iL>l .6198
6198. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who censures his soul improves it, and he
who praises his soul slaughters it.' 12
> o3l*Jl ijA . jfi \ aJp >p »L>I .6199
6199. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who does not refine his soul will be
disgraced by bad habits.' 14
4 a3p 4lAp a^~A> ^y2jidl -bibb / aAp >lp .6200
15. aJ jJ- Ojj. 13 ij jlS" >j
6200. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who does not engage himself in
remedying the defects in his soul, its whims will overcome him, and he who
[lives] in deficiency, then death is surely better for him.’ 16
.1823 <— A ' ■ 758 A " >AJi (>h)
(See also: REMEMBRANCE: section 758; PIETY: section 1823)
469
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Notes
1. 10 - 7 : Lr^i\ .
2. Quran 91 10- 7:
3. 359 .
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 359
5. 2489 : j> .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2489
7. 198 : ;u^ui .
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 198
9. 2434 ! .
10. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2434
n.9104 j 9103 :
12. Ibid. no. 9103-9104
13.9170 : >.
14. Ibid. no. 9170
15. 644 / 478 ! .
16. Amali al-Saduq, p. 322, no. 4
470
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1749 - ill i l j* j'jT
1749. THE EFFECTS OF A NOBLE SOUL
' , j..|(g«l.L) Lg^-g j 1 ■aAjL; aJp oAjl' 04 ! -Up £Jlp ^L»Ni .6201
6201. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who honours his soul will not humiliate it
with sins.' 2
3. aJp cJIa ii^ii aJp cAJS"” Cj* ■ 4j1p yp .6202
6202. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who honours his soul, his desires become
insignificant for him.’ 4
*U^P Ljjjl Cyt^J | auip 1 .6203
6203. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who honours his soul, the world becomes
small in his eyes.' 6
Notes
1. 8730 : r<^i .
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 8730
3. 8771 : p&u .
4. Ibid. no. 8771
5.9130 : r<it J>.
6. Ibid. no. 9130
471
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381 - juUl
381. HYPOCRISY
1750 -
1750. HYPOCRISY
Lcj oj-Ipj U Aiil Lc ^ ISLaJ
“So He caused hypocrisy to ensue in their hearts until the day they will
encounter Him, because of their going back on what they had promised
Allah and because of the lies they used to tell. ” 2
c JLdll L)[ ■ a! I j iAt- aw! awI .0204
3. ddlll Sj-vl J) Lilli liU t SljiJl dili Stajl i aIjc- JliDl
6204. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Hypocrisy appears as a black dot [on
the heart]. Whenever hypocrisy increases in magnitude that black dot
increases, and when hypocrisy becomes complete the heart becomes black.'
4
5. y-1 i Lilli : aJp *Jip .6205
6205. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Hypocrisy is the brother of polytheism.' 6
7! hiu Ueij i^OijLJhiL ^4\ l. : ^slji a4p fjs- .6206
6206. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'How hideous is the human being whose outer
is agreeable while his inner is hypocritical.' 8
) . (j Ji ^ jjj.1 dbi) I AjIp ^L.hJl .6207
6207. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The hypocrisy of a person [stems] from the
inferiority he finds within himself.’ 10
Notes
1. 77 ! AiyJl .
2. Quran 4143- 1 42 !
3. 1734 ! Jl4dl y£ .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 1734
5. 483 ! jvxJ-' jj' .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 483
7. 9559 : j> .
8. Ibid. no. 9559
9. 9988 : r&u j> .
10. Ibid. no. 9988
472
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1751 - iLfi
1751. THE DESCRIPTION OF A HYPOCRITE
llil ^LzS' f\e li|3 IA j-^3 dj^-^LA ^jdhLAil 0|)
iiil 444 ^3 4i *^3 j-Tf* cli 4 hi cl?H ijrudjjji ^ *44 *4 41 jyJS"lij *^J
51 "i2 ; i;
“The hypocrites indeed seek to deceive Allah, but it is He who outwits
them. When they stand up for prayer, they stand up lazily, showing off to
the people and not remembering Allah except a little, wavering in
between: neither with these nor with those. And whoever Allah leads
astray, you will never find any way for him. ” 2
145 t 138 t 61 ! 168 <. 167 ! j' JTj 20 <■ 8 ! saJi (4^0
.16 ■ 14 ! 30 ! -4 j 11 t 10 ! oj-S2*jij
(See also: Qur'an 2:8, 2:20, 3:167-168, 4:61, 4:138, 4:145, 29:10-11, 47:30,
58:14-16)
J ^!ui\ fk3 t apj aAp aSii 41 <6208
4 lijj c i3jj c jU- lilj t Aj-iS"" jli li[j 1
6208. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'A hypocrite is someone who when he
makes a promise he does not fulfil it, when he does something [good], he
shows off, when he speaks he lies, when he is entrusted with something he
betrays, when he is given sustenance he is heedless, and when he is deprived
he resorts to tricks.' 5
6. iLtj ur ^s2j iff Jjjs, ; aJTj <uip 41 4' Jj— ^ i6209
6209. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'A hypocrite has control over his eyes,
he cries whenever he wants to.' 7
c kistj , ^ - *»- , I4 d^L , 4J3 5 *6210
\fs hf] Sj L \ hi] ^yfaj S t . fT , £ dPj c
8. AAA JAIL aAJ- 4 OjiJjj *^ 5jib ^
6210. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Hypocrites have signs through which
they are known: their greeting is cursing, their food is greed [gluttony], their
earnings are through breaches of trust, they do not come close to the
mosques save with contempt, they fulfil their prayers at the very last
moment, [they are] haughty people who do not socialize and are not
sociable, they are as wood in the night, loud in the day.' 9
fjo LS j ^ ^ . 0 1 1 -c .621 1
10. 6ir •
dr*
473
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6211. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'He whose inner is contrary to his outer
is a hypocrite, no matter who he may be.' 11
(3 La ^1p -LcAh La , a! aAp <U)1 a))I .6212
it iH ^
", (jliJ b-UP
6212. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'When humbleness of the body
supercedes that which is in the heart then in our view it is hypocrisy.’ 13
1% c L$A eiA- lily C ll jlaJ lil jibJ.1 : Up yp .6213
^i22>e-^0 C -L*J d- 0^3 ^^3 t OwLi> 4j£Ly£?l lijj C 1*1? I (. l*J
^Lp C 4JL« 4j2jLLj t jvj5Cjl *)!j (. ju*Jl 4^ I ^ip
14! aj ^ J JuT Aj( ^ S5U L.
6213. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A hypocrite, when he looks he is frivolous,
when he is silent he forgets, when he speaks he prattles, when he becomes
wealthy he tyrannizes, when hardship afflicts him he becomes noisy, so he
is close to discontentment and far from contentment. The least of things
make him discontented with Allah, and he is never content, even with much.
He intends to do a lot of evil and commits some of them, and he regrets the
evil deeds that pass him by and how he did not manage to commit them.' 15
jl Jp 14a jl . aJp j^jlp ^La^I .6214
dJAj C La l)! ^ip JpL^ ^ip Ljjjl jlj L itjl La
dJliaiJ 'i P L ! jli Ail ia!Tj aJp 4)1 [J~P jdJ ^^Ip Ail
16. jj^LJ dXd_ Sj t
6214. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'If I was to strike the nose of a believer with
my sword to hate me he would never hate me, and if I was to pour down the
whole world onto a hypocrite to love me he would never love me, and this is
because of what has been destined, as this was passed on through the tongue
of the unschooled Prophet (SAWA), saying, 'Ali, a believer can never hate
you and a hypocrite can never love you.' 17
l J.L Lc Jib J I Sj ! ^“AJl aJp jjJjUJI Jjj ^L»hfl .6215
ii Jpj Lhj . AL4A" AL-C>- 0)
aAA t ^/2jj oWtaJl (j ^15 lil
c \ ' A^/3 4 : ■ L Jh a a ? 1 jdflJ I a4j
ALLxpI aAJL^- Lhj l Ah Ip- axcLj^i o[j i. Ab^-Lci
6215. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, 'A hypocrite prohibits
[wrongdoing] but does not refrain from it himself, and he enjoins that which
he does not do himself. When he prays he complains, when he bows (ruku)
he slumps, when he prostrates (sujud) he pecks [prostrating so fast], when
he sits he spreads himself out, when he is going to bed his only concern is
food even though he is full, and when he wakes up in the morning, his only
concern is sleep even though he did not stay up during the night. When he
474
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speaks to you he lies, when he makes a promise he does not fulfil it, if you
entrust him with anything he betrays it, and if you disagree with him he
backbites you.' 19
i aAs- .6216
■9, UjJI ^lf - t 1
6216. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'There are four signs to a hypocrite:
hardheartedness, dryness of the eyes, persistence in sinning, and greed for
the world.' 21
Notes
I. 143 j 142 : ei—J' .
2. Quran 977!
3. jlySl La Q LeT) . s.L.1 , Q) .
4. 8 / 207 / 72 : y/h jU .
5. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 72, p. 207, no. 8
6. 854 : JtuJi jA.
7. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 854
8. 862 : juJt .
9. Ibid. no. 862
10. 8 / 207 / 72 : y^i jU .
II. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 72, p. 207, no. 8
12.6/396/2 : jisdi.
13. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 396, no. 6
14. 212 ! .
15. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 212
16. 45iA^J-t lipyjl 0* .
17. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 45
18. 802 / 582 : JiAi .
19. Amali al-Saduq, p. 399, no. 12
20. 22 8 : .
21. al-Ikhtisas, p. 228
475
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1752 - labs; ’j&\
1752. THE MOST OBVIOUS HYPOCRITES
^3 4pI iA(i liLiJ ;p>I : rsLJi Up fiAh .6217
1 . (Ij 3^-^' ls^j
6217. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The most obvious of hypocrites is he who
enjoins acts of obedience but does not perform them himself, and prohibits
wrongdoing but does not refrain from them himself.’ 2
L lj£ 4 C-i W H> yt\ yy tiliJ JU4 | 4dp ^lp .6218
3. 5^5 Aj j*- ^3
6218. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The most severe of hypocrites is he who
enjoins acts of obedience, but does not perform them himself, and prohibits
wrongdoing but does not refrain from them himself.’ 4
Notes
1. 3214 : UUu jj- .
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3214
3. 3309 : r<^i .
4. Ibid. no. 3309
476
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1753 - jaull ja jjuUsil
1753. CAUTION AGAINST THE ELOQUENT
HYPOCRITE
q,\ \ aJTj aJs- J j, Ju ai!j ; Ji <Ulp *6219
Iwl 2)j2u).l \i\j c ^jLcLi a\)I ^ajj.1 15' c ^1p e-3L>-'
j, ^ ^ } A* S £ £ .
L» ^jjLaSj c OybjXj L« (J^JL c ^llp c jiU ^*xJip s_3L>-l ^50 j caS^Jlo
'■ ^
6219. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Verily, the Prophet (SAWA) said to me,
'With respect to my people, I am afraid neither of a believer nor of an
unbeliever. As for the believer, Allah will afford him protection because of
his belief and as for the disbeliever, Allah will humiliate him because of his
disbelief. But I am afraid about every one from among you who is a
hypocrite in his heart and eloquent of speech. He speaks what you hold to be
good but does what you dislike.'
Notes
1. 68 i .
2. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 68
477
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1754 - Qdisuii '^-*0
1754. THE DESCRIPTION OF THE RESURRECTION OF
HYPOCRITES AND THEIR END
ii)l ^jJLS- ^ \\ >- jCi oLaifLiJlj ^jyjaULUl Sill JtPj)
l ^ i "i -I
“Allah has promised the hypocrites, men and women, and the faithless,
the Fire of hell, to remain in it [forever]. That suffices them. Allah has
cursed them, and there is a lasting punishment for them. ” 2
\ j pt j4 jJj jilii 'ja j ojiiiiiJi Si)
“Indeed the hypocrites will be in the lowest reach of the Fire, and you
will never find any helper for them. ” 4
t*Jb 6 ^-3^ ^ ij ^1 ^i
f 01S"" (_£-Ul I-La , 4J (jLaj c o-CC~A c 4A.A3 y* y>- 1 y t oLai
‘ o?
jlj
°J uH-^j A
UjJl
6220. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'He [the hypocrite] will come on the
Day of Judgment with two faces and with his tongue hanging out from the
back of his head, and with another tongue hanging in front. They will both
be ignited with fire until they ignite his body, then it will be said about him:
This is the one who was two-faced and two-tongued in the world, and he
will be known as such on the Day of Resurrection.' 6
4J j s^LAii ^jj f\j ljjJi f fs \ a] Tj a4p 4wi awi ■■j i6221
7 ■ P yi 41^ 3
6221. The Prophet (SAW A) said, ’A two-faced person in this world will
come on the Day of Resurrection with two faces of fire.' 8
Notes
1. 68 ! .
2. Quran 968 !
3. 145 : e.1 — Jt .
4. Quran 4145 !
5. 16/ 38 : Jui-i.
6. al-Khisal, p. 38, no. 16
7. 3 / 603 / 3 : *^9% s-sM' •
8. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 3, p. 603, no. 3
478
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1755 - b»
1755. WHAT ERADICATES HYPOCRISY
jujl. Ji , a]Tj a4p <uii L_fU= <uii i6222
6222. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Invoking blessings on me and my
household takes away hypocrisy.' 2
.s * ' ' s- y — ' ' *
i i * ^S' , 4J t ■w2,2,3
2. (jljjJlj
6223. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Raise your voices in invocation of
blessings on me for it takes away hypocrisy.' 4
Notes
1. 8 / 492 / 2 : jisOi .
2. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 492, no. 8
3. 13/493/2 : jtsdi.
4. Ibid. v. 2, p. 493, no. 13
479
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382 -
382. SPENDING (in Charity)
1756 - ^
1756. THE VIRTUE OF SPENDING
^3 ^3 *3 o' 3a 3-* 34-ti' b)
\ (6>5JllaJl 4i
“0 JOM who have faith! Spend out of what We have provided you
before there comes a day on which there will be no bargaining, neither
friendship, nor intercession. And the faithless - they are the wrongdoers. ”
2
y>~ ' IjJLaJ ij lyDl ^SCLjC>- bt IjJLdj djAjJ .Uib
3. (x?
“ Have faith in Allah and His Apostle, and spend out of that wherein
He has made you successors. Those of you who have faith and spend [in
Allah 's way] there is a great reward for them. ” 4
5. ^ Uj)
“And whatever wealth you spend, it is for your own benefit. ” 6
.8 ! o L~j 3 265 ■ 261 ! SyLJi [fA\)
(See also: Qur'an 2:261-265, 4:8)
od $ sD- d jb 40LJLS1 ■ ^13 ^ ^ 3 .6224
3 iliiJ iis-iOs
6224. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The ground on the Day of Judgment
will be fire except for the shadow of the believer, for his charity will shade
him.’ 8
4J 4^1 if cy* ■ *^3 15^^ 4^ 3 .6225
6225. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever gives a dirham in the path of
Allah, Allah will write for him five hundred merits.' 10
4J 3 ^As' 4^j! 1 4^j1 3y—*y 3D ” ■ 3 .6226
3D -cJl dA-1 4JD -b-1 Lc* D c .Uii 3y— j 3 ■ (dD V dD a3| dA-1 433 3D
' , D 4jjly 3Dy c D 4JD OD [ 3^ .*cj3
6226. The Prophet (SAWA) said to his companions, 'Which of you loves
the money of his heirs more than his own money?' They said, 'O Messenger
of Allah, we all love our own money more than the money of our heirs.' He
480
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said, 'One's own money is that which is put forward and the money of one's
heir [i.e. that which we save and not spend in charity] is that which he
leaves behind.' 12
aJU Jjjjjt yJ yla yLUl aJp yp ^laii .6227
13
, a^sU""
6227. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Blessings be upon he who spends the excess
14
of his money and guards the excess of his speech.'
aI^3 lu Jj\ yy i ^ JJl: u iy Jji : yui Up yp .6228
5. ^
15
6228. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'You will be more overjoyed for what you
have given away than the one who asked you for what you have given him.'
16
ajj tii : - yLJi aUp CrJA ^ uy, j - yLJi Up yp yyi .6229
^ , iijdtj tjjU- *)lj Jp- (j JjUlj ‘ Aj L« iiUo
6229. Imam Ali (AS), in his will to his son al-Hasan (AS) said, 'You
have in your world that with which you can reform your [eternal] abode, so
spend rightfully and do not be a storage place for others ['s dues].' 18
y yy u (jtijj y yu ■ yuui aJp yp .6230
6230. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Indeed you are more in need of spending in
charity what you have earned than gaining what you accumulate. 20
(3-cuu y$ aJ aU C-Usj o i aUp juuui .6231
21 ‘ u
■ Sls^ ,
6231. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Cursed! Cursed is he whom Allah has
22
endowed with wealth and he does not donate any of it.'
Notes
1. 254 ! SyU .
2. Quran 2254!
3. 7 ! 4jJjU .
4. Quran 577'.
5. 'll! ! SiU .
6. Quran 2272!
1.9 1 169 : JupY v'y < 6 / 3 / 4 : jisU .
8. al-Kafi, v. 4, p. 3, no. 6
9. 306/ 183 : yyu J1A1.
10. Amali al-Saduq, p. 183, no. 306
481
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n.8/50/2 :
12. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 2, p. 50, no. 8
13.9/117/96 : jijfli
14. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 96, p. 117, no. 9
15. 3834 ! (47J-I jyi .
16. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3834
17. 83 ! .
18. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 83
19. 3827 ! (47J-I jji- .
20. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3827
21.67/ 133/96 : ^H\ M- ■
22. Bihar al-Anwar v67 pi 33 nO 96
482
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1757 - %
1757. THE BLESSING OF SPENDING IN HIS WAY
O'? Ly aJ jJJIjj o^IIp ilia c3jT/^ OJ
1 . (5^3^'
“Say, 'Indeed my Lord expands the provision for whomever of His
servants that He wishes and He tightens it, and He will repay whatever
you may spend, and He is the best of providers. ” 2
pi c-ds ! '-r ,j * J ^>-j 1 i6232
jJjuI (i«« 4jd^: dyi , 1 . , 4ri p 4^jl -UP-
(_gj.il 'i '. C-Ji ? pi I Jli 1 ^ ! idi !? oJlc-J i5ll (3jiil I Jli ! LaLS- <_£jl Sj
riil olL>-I lA^i jjjril / dLS- 3 dLijlj 4!^*- ^jA Jl_Ll j(5di>-' O' f 1 Jli c
3
■ ^dp
6232. Makarim al-Akhlaq, narrating from one of the companions of
Imam al-Sadiq (AS) who said: I told Imam al-Sadiq (AS), 'based on Allah's
saying: “whatever you may spend...”, I donate but do not see any
repayment.' He (AS) asked: 'Have you ever seen Allah not fulfil His
promise?' I said, 'No.' He asked, 'Then why do you say this?' I said, 'I do not
know.' He said, 'If any of you acquires legitimate wealth and spends it
rightfully, then he will not spend a single dirham without Allah repaying it.'
4
Slj IjJapls i Jai AsXlfi ^jA Jri pi J L» ; aJTj aJp a&I p~^ ^ Jj— j i6233
5.
6233. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Absolutely no wealth will ever
decrease as a result of charity, so give and do not be afraid.' 6
, cidLri ? CP" ^ ■ dij aAp 4^1 ^ ^dl jLri t olA \p-.i ■ ririlp .6234
2 , 1 ^ eP "yf LgAS" |[ dij aAs- <U)I ] Jli t 1 4 ilS" pj La
6234. A?isha said, 'They slaughtered a sheep [to distribute its meat]'. The
Prophet (SAWA) asked, 'Is there any of it remaining?' She said, 'Nothing
remains other than its shoulder.' He (SAWA) said, 'All of it remains
[forever] other than its shoulder.' N
9. su _l&l pf\ p : fsLJ! ^ ip. \\p\ .6235
6235. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who is certain of the repayment is
generous with giving.' 10
1 1 . P3~\j jO 4rip jjiLddi ^1*^1 .6236
6236. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Spend and be certain of being repaid.’ 12
iSjdL ,/j'l j[ Jl aJp Jridkl' ^La*yi *6237
483
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6237. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Charity fulfils the repayment of debts
and brings about blessings.' 14
.852 i_jIj ! sisjJi
(See also: ALMS-TAX: section 852)
Notes
1.39 : L» .
2. Quran 3439!
3. 2053 / 21 / 2 : rjuC .
4. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 2, p. 21, no. 2053
5.62/ 131 /96:^1 jU.
6. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 96, p. 131, no. 62
7. 16150 : Jttdt .
8. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 16150
9. 138 .
10. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 138
n.57/ 130/96 :
12. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 96, p. 130, no. 57
13. 1 / 9 / 4 ! jlSdl .
14. al-Kafi, v. 4, p. 9, no. 1
484
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1758 - cl ifi ijbiAh
1758. SPENDING OUT OF WHAT YOU LOVE
* , ots ^y3 ^ yf~ b*. jJl
“You will never attain piety until you spend out of what you hold dear,
and whatever you may spend of anything, Allah indeed knows it. ” 2
^ £
> \jy Adp ^Lp V \ ,6238
6238. Abu al-Tufayl said, 'Ali (AS) bought a piece of clothing and liked
it, so he gave it away in charity.' 4
\ - OtSy . d Jiij - 4^1p >6239
5. 51
6239. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when someone saw him donating sugar, and
asked him 'Do you give sugar as charity?', replied, 'Yes, there is nothing I
love more than it, and I love to donate the thing that I love the most.' 6
Notes
1.92 : d\j~* JT.
2. Quran 392!
3. 792 / 2 ! olJi .
4. Majma al-Bayan, v. 2, p. 792
5.3/61/4: jisdi.
6. al-Kafi, v. 4, p. 61, no. 3
485
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1759 - (J jji4 «uh apU? jj44 ^ jr®
1759. HE WHO DOES NOT SPEND IN OBEDIENCE OF
ALLAH SPENDS IN HIS DISOBEDIENCE
55)1 aJL» ; aJTj aJp 55)1 55) I Jj— ’j .6240
Jl 5JL.
6240. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Whoever withholds his wealth from
the righteous discriminatingly, Allah will forcefully distribute his wealth to
the evil.' 2
(3 <jol jjjjh hh aJL>- (3 y3 ^ a4p ^L.5/1 .6241
3 t, <
. 4jZ2>- yS-
6241. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'No sooner does a servant withhold the
spending of a dirham in its rightful place than he will end up spending two
dirhams outside of its rightful place.' 4
j Jju yiyA <, iii apUs j ifi jl i)Gi : aJp ^isOi .6242
55) I a5*2jC»
6242. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, 'Beware of withholding [charity] in the
obedience of Allah, for you will spend twice its amount in disobeying Him.'
6
Notes
1. 1395/505
2. Jami al-Akhbar, p. 505, no. 1395
3. 7 / 504 / 3 : jisdi .
4. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 503, no. 7
5. 408 ! Jjidl i_iP .
6. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 408
486
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1760 - ji b JliiJ J-43
1760. THE VIRTUE OF THE CHARITY GIVEN BY ONE
WHO IS HIMSELF STRAITENED
t jhihll (JLajVl ! jlchfl ^y> Aj IaJTj aJp a&I aSi! i6243
| iK ^ }
, c e^UL^2j|j
6243. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'There are three things that constitute
the realities of faith: the charity given by a person who is himself straitened,
your fairness towards people in spite of yourself, and spreading knowledge
to those who seek it.' 2
jjJ l5Lp aJp >6244
3. jbi) ft
6244. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, 'Among the moral virtues of a
believer is spending [in charity] according to his financial condition.' 4
Notes
1. 3 / 52 / 77 : M .
2. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 77, p. 52, no. 3
3. 282 ! .
4. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 282
487
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1761 - ifctB'iji
1761. THOSE WHOSE SPENDING [IN CHARITY] IS NOT
ACCEPTED
<1)1 ( ^ ^ ^ jl Lpji? IjJLajl
jjJL jjJ A. J.L-i' IjfcJ *bfl oWs^J' j ^ojlj Sj A_j y^'y^ aUIj l_gjl *^1 ijjLliJ ^ g : j
“Say, 'Spend willingly or unwillingly, it shall never be accepted from
you; for you are indeed a transgressing lot. ' Nothing stops their charities
from being accepted except that they have no faith in Allah and His
Apostle and do not perform the prayer but lazily, and do not spend but
reluctantly. ” 2
aJ^S L^J ■ aJlp JiLJl >6245
oiSo t ajaA- (Ji^i ij\s^ ; ■ 2 ( j jjL&j
S\e ^L/2j ^ Aij^aJl <j|j cddA ax! l L£ aJL. <j^j Us>-c1jcu
6245. Imam al-Baqir (AS), when he was asked about Allah's verse in the
Qur'an: “and do not be of the mind to give the bad part of it” 5 , said,
'When people became Muslims, they had earnings from usury and from
unlawful dealings, and a man would mix it in with his money and donate
from it. So, Allah prohibited them from doing so, and charity is only correct
[when given] out of pure earnings.' 6
L_i ojiiiU aj fkf>\ i. ijibct b\ ji : aAp .6246
aLs L. Aj aW I ^ 0 ySULi 13 AAP aW 1 Ld? La U \ C aL^ La AAP \_£
1 +, ' > > - • * A. " -* *, A f t (
■ CSt OJwb>-b *
6246. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'If people were to earn whence Allah has
ordered them to and spend it in that which He has forbidden, then He will
not accept it from them. And if they earn what Allah has prohibited them
from and spend it in that which He has ordered them to, He will not accept it
from them either unless they take it from its rightful place and spend it in its
rightful place.' 8
Notes
1. 54 j 53 ! hyi\ .
2. Quran 953,54:
3. 267 : .
4. 492 / 149 / 1 : ^4*^
5. Quran 2267:
488
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6. Tafsir al-Ayyashi, v. 1, p. 149, no. 492
7. 1694 / 57 / 2 ! m ^ .
8. al-Faqih, v. 2, p. 57, no. 1694
489
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383 -
383. TALEBEARING
1762 - & j^i
1762. CAUTION AGAINST TALEBEARING
1 ■ (y^-4 ^ *^j)
“And do not obey any vile swearer, scandal-monger, and talebearer. ” 2
4 . a4p ^ ^ .6247
6247. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Beware of talebearing.’ 4
... aJTj aJp &\ &\ jii : Up ^Lp .6248
(jjj c ■A.SwwowdL) jjjLiJ.1 | jli . Aill L Jj ! IjJli ? Y
C^wjdl fTyilj O^priSl L
6248. Imam Ali (AS)) said, ’The Messenger of Allah (SAWA) said to his
companions: ’Shall I inform you of the most evil from among you?’ They
said, ’Yes, O Messenger of Allah.’ He conti-nued, ’The talebearers, those
who break up loved ones, and those who seek faults in the righteous.’ 6
j^p Jjdjj 4^jt 1^]\ .iiij) ! 4dp ^)p .6249
7
u-%
6249. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Beware of talebearing, for it plants enmity
and distances one from Allah and people.’ 8
, 4.^-^di (j. X ■ ll "6250
6250. Imam Ali (AS) said, The worst of truthfulness is talebearing.’ 10
Cjy, b£ c3y^j £ aL^^jJ! j^S*" ! <ul p J5.iL/2J! b6251
t JjjJl 1 hs t tjdjl Jp ojl-iill t ,jdL>Jc).l
". »hl> Jp ^ iulilj t I4 olYSsjj
6251. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’The greatest of sorcery is slandering, for
through it loved ones are broken up, animosity is brought in between sincere
friends, blood is shed, houses are demolished, veils are uncovered, and the
talebearer is the most evil thing that has laid a step on this earth.’ 12
Notes
1. 11 j 10 : ,0^1.
2. Quran 6810,11 !
3.8354 : judi>r.
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 8354
490
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5. 249/ 182 : Jui-i .
6. al-Khisal, p. 183, no. 249
7. 2663 : j> .
8. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3663
9. 2939 : j> .
10. Ibid. no. 2939
11. 14/21 / 63 : j!^i jU.
12. Bihar al-Awnar, v. 63, p. 21, no. 14
491
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1763 -
1763. REPROACHING TALEBEARING
Alii lg 1 A*g-lj ^ J a4p Alii Alii .6252
\ jUl Ai*-j.l (J§ a_« g,L*J Alii a1xj>- ££31 jl Ojl^ea a3[ ^J-^j 4[j ^ *45”" a]^P
6252. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'He who informs against his brother to
a ruler, Allah will destroy all of his deeds, and if the person he informed on
is harmed or hurt, Allah Almighty will put the informant with Haman
[Pharaoh's vizier] on the same level in the Hellfire.' 2
^ c Jl> ^Jjli \ a? bU ^l^jl !j*bLJl a4p JblXaJl ^L»5/l .6253
3- ^ i 15*“°- ‘ t3- LS^-
6253. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'An informant is a killer of three: killer
of himself, killer of the person who he informed of, and killer of the person
he is informing to.' 4
Notes
1.7545 : juJi .
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 7545
3.73 / 108 : jui-i.
4. al-Khisal, p. 108, no. 73
492
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384 - aiitSJi
384. SUPEREROGATORY PRAYERS
1764 -
1764. THE VIRTUE OF SUPEREROGATORY PRAYERS
| oi 23) ^isij .a ^ •; a jjui (^®j)
“And keep vigil for a part of the night, as a supererogatory [devotion]
for you. It may be that your Lord will raise you to a praiseworthy station. ”
i Ijiila cJ2»l lii* t l^lolj SfLil 01 !aJTj k\s- All (_jU^ All .6254
7, 402^jlilj Cj^oI I3[j
6254. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Hearts have [the capacity to] incline
[to worship] and to retract, so when they incline then perform the
supererogatory, and when they retract then observe the obligatory.' 4
^js- ^jjJi) ; Ail Jy> ^*3-~Ji 4*1p hi oJLa ! J.i^aii .6255
! |5_a J^j-Ul) ; . 4v2j^Ul ; jli
7 . AjillJl £gA
6255. Al-Fudayl said, 'I asked Abu Jafar [al-Baqir] (AS) about Allah's
verse in the Qur'an: “and those who are watchful of their prayers .” 8 He
said, 'These are the obligatory prayers.' I asked, “those who are persevering
in their prayers.” 9 ? He said, 'They are the supererogatory prayers.' 10
Notes
1. 79 : d^Ai .
2. Quran 1776!
3. 16/454/3 : jisdi.
4. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 454, no. 16
5.9 :
6. 23 ! .
7. 12 / 269 / 3 : jisdi .
8. Quran 7034 !
9. Quran 7024:
10. al-Kafi, v. 3, p. 369, no. 12
493
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1765 - JiijiJi ^
1765. PRECEDENCE OF THE OBLIGATORY PRAYERS
OVER THE SUPEREROGATORY
jiilj (j o-Li c ijP ji (j “uIp yp .6256
6256. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There is no leniency with respect to the
obligatory, and there is no hardship [imposed] with respect to the
supererogatory.' 2
3. u^Sjii op, f lii : jp yu. ^iaji .6257
6257. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'When the supererogatory prayers harm the
obligatory ones then leave them.' 4
lil 4jjS S ; aJp yu- .6258
6258. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There is no proximity [to Allah] achieved
with the supererogatory if they affect the obligatory [prayers] adversely.' 6
Notes
1. 28 ! SjLij .
2. Bashara al-Mustafa, p. 28
3. 279 : sp^ut .
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 279
5. 39 0® ■
6. Ibid. Saying 39
494
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385 - jpi
385. THE LIGHT
1766 - jy
1766. THE LIGHT OF INSIGHT
0IX-U2JI 3 aLL. 3 a> [)f aJ LJjl>3 oA-A-L) Laj. 5LS"" j/®jO
*, (jjlijtj lylS" Li ^^jLSsJJ 35) cLU-iS"" L^c* ^La
“Is he who was lifeless, then We gave him life and provided him with a
light by which he walks among the people, like one who dwells in a
manifold darkness which he cannot leave? To the faithless is thus
presented as decorous what they have been doing. ” 2
Ilf 3*^5 dr? ^ip-
i^c.13 Aih IjjLjI \^j»\ 3^4)1 L^ji l)
3 , ■* >■'■ >s.A, 0<"t „ <, V;
■ jy^ ^'3 uj-uj.
“0 you who have faith! Be wary of Allah and have faith in His Apostle.
He will grant you a double share of His mercy and give you a light to walk
by, and forgive you, and Allah is all-forgiving, all-merciful. ” 4
(3 aj 3, ii^*3 ■ - s-LpjJi (3 ■ Ajit- 3^-945 yij *6259
c £ * & s. & t ji
Ij C t -j! A lUll ^ 4j c
6259. Imam Zayn al- Abidin (AS), in a supplication said, ’And grant me a
light with which I can walk among people, and through which I can be
guided in a manifold darkness, and with which I can enlighten myself from
doubts and uncertainties.’ 6
ji
i—ds j ji-aj jji lil t a*1p *6260
2 . aj-c^j Lh ^LxJj Aih Ay
6260. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Knowledge is not [achieved] through
learning; rather it is a light that falls into the heart of one whom Allah
Almighty wishes to guide.’ s
Notes
1. 122 ! .
2. Quran 6 122;
3. 28 ! .
4. Quran 5728!
5. 22 *ujJi :
6. al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya, p. 95 supplication 22
7. 17 / 225 / 1 : juAi .
8. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 1. p. 225, no. 17
495
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496
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1767 - jy
1767. THE LIGHT OF THE HEART AND THE LIGHT OF
THE FACE
c dJ/fl i ~ 'j aJp yp .6261
6261. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Increase your silence and your thoughts will
flourish, your heart will enlighten, and people will be safe from your hands.'
2
jilb jyS'jlp jp tl! - Up f 1.51 1 .6262
6262. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS), when asked about the reason why
those who perform the night prayer have the most beautiful faces among
people, replied, ’Because they seclude themselves with Allah and so Allah
covers them in His light.’ 4
c JlaII jy Up iLUl .6263
6263. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 1 sought for light of the heart and found
it in contemplation and crying. I sought for crossing the Bridge [on the Day
of Resurrection] and found it in giving charity. I sought for light of the face
and found it in the night prayer.’ 6
Notes
1.3725
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3725
3. 1 / 366 : Ji* .
4. Ilal al-Sharai, p. 366, no. 1
5. 13810 / 173 / 12 ! .
6. Mustadrak al-Wasa’il, v. 12, p. 173, no. 13810
497
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1768 - jji
1768. THERE IS A LIGHT FOR EVERYTHING GOOD
jy , dlj 4dp 4^1 4^1 J .6264
6264. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Prayer is light.' 2
?y \jy d ^ 3 ^ ^ cJypj .6265
2, 4^lAil
6265. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Whoever strikes an arrow in the path
of Allah will have a light on the Day of Judgment.' 4
^ (3 eJJ jy i dldp ■ d i ^ 4dp .6266
5. jLwt-Jl (j dd c
6266. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Do recite the Quran, for it is a light for
you on the earth and a provision for you in Heaven.' 6
lSj»\ Jp- lA Jp- oSLjA , dTj aJp Aill ^Lp Jjpj .6267
4PAoj Ap'd Jjjbddl t -L« J y SALJljl ^jj -vh*3
6267. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever testifies with a true
testimony wanting to uphold the rights of a Muslim person, he will come on
the Day of Resurrection and his face will reflect a light as far as the eye can
see, and all of creation will know him by name and lineage.' 8
\ \jy <y\yp ‘ 4-‘LJL>- Jp- j) . aJp yp- .6268
6268. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'To every truth there is a reality, and for every
good thing there is a light.' 10
Notes
1. 22 / 156 / 1 : .
2. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 1, p. 156, no. 22
3. 18 / 281 / 2 ! .
4. Ibid. v. 2, p. 281, no. 18
5. 10 / 349 / 2 : ^\3 .
6. Ibid. v. 2, p. 348, no. 10
7.9/311 / 104 : jijAijW.
8. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 104, p. 311, no. 9
9. 4 / 54 / 2 : jisdi .
10. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 54, no. 4
498
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1769 - j jy
1769. THE LIGHT ON THE DAY OF RESURRECTION
C. jJOTgtj jt^jUjl (jjJ f&jy (_gyj
\ (^i jpii ji vihi ifei ^ojia 1 4# ^ (5/
“/Vie day you w/7Z see the faithful, men and women, with their light
moving swiftly before them and on their right, [and greeted with the
words:] 'There is good news for you today! Gardens with streams running
in them, to remain in them [forever]. That is the great success. ” 2
j yt^~\ oi o_^-i ! Jii - dTj aJp au! au! i6269
2 , 1 ^ ^OLJLil 1j0-1 .Oik: S , “ j^-^1
6269. The Prophet (SAW A), to a man who said, I would love to be
resurrected on the Day of Resurrection in the light', said, 'Do not oppress
anyone and you will be resurrected on the Day of Judgment in [with] light.' 4
Notes
1 . 1 2 ! aj JjO .
2. Quran 57 1 2 1
3.44154 : judi ^ .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 44154
499
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386 - j-UJi
386. PEOPLE
1770 -
1770. PEOPLE
\ ^ %\jS. i joins' : rsLJi Up fL.^1 .6270
6270. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'People are like trees, their drink is one but
their fruits are different.' “
4 : ifeJi \j* ^iUi jLit iSo : Up .6271
3. i~s*aiU_} t J-Ujlj
6271. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'There are three things that all people
need: security, justice, and comfort.' 4
jjpUl ^y> jisCisfi jJUp Up .6272
Oj-USr 4
6272. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'You should heed those similar to you
and those of the middle class, for it is there that you will find the sources of
jewels. 6
Notes
1.2097 : r&-\
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2097
3. 320 : JjAJi .
4. Tuhaf al-Uqul, no. 320
5. 57 . .
6. al-?Usul al-Sitta Ashar, p. 57
500
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1771 - (J
1771. THE EQUALITY OF PEOPLE IN RIGHTS
^uJi , 4J1P 4^i .6273
6273. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'People are as equal as the teeth of a
comb.’ 2
3. ^ j ^iUi : rbLJi Up fjs- fiuh .6274
6274. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'People are equal to one another in rights.' 4
5, pijU ^sT (j) ^ui " aUp .6275
6275. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'People up to Adam are all equal.' 6
l aTp uLp i3i .6276
P # P P S . S ' f. s > >
cUULi , GLjthj pjb (jS La^ J) colllL*a5 jgljj.1
(3 ^J-P-lp’h Sf .Ullj ! (JlJLi odjiij 0(^1 |
2, J}L>^d ^^jLSl 1-L&
6276. Sharh Nahj al-Balagha: 'Two women came to Imam Ali, one of
them was an Arab and the other was a non-Arab. They asked him for
assistance. He equally gave money and food to them. One of them protested,
saying, 'I am an Arab woman, and she is a non- Arab.' He said, 'By Allah, I
do not see in this shade that the children of Ishmael have any merit over the
children of Isaac.' 8
.1866 <-jL ! (>l)
(See also: GOD WARINESS: section 1866)
Notes
1.24822 : Judies'.
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 24822
3. 97 / 2 ! opU~Ji .
4. Nahjul Saada, v. 2, p. 97
5. 119/57/78 : jijAiji*.
6. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 78, p. 57, no. 1 19
7. 200 / 2 : ap^ui £* ^ .
8. Sharh Nahj al-Balagha li Ibn Abi al-Hadid, v. 2, p. 200, no. 201
501
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1772 - jAlh j* j *
1772. THOSE WHO ARE NOT CONSIDERED AS PEOPLE
[HUMAN]
ijl* ijj\ ; is ju jy - «uip jbu^i -6277
t jj.ygil ^sy‘ ij 1 <^i ■ ” ^
(j t4 ;< </g * jjp tAip y^S-^y> td L*^, s
4jyjT j^1>- 4j1>U J/^CLaj c4Ap |^2j2jI Jjj JjAl
*^[ p-® j|) . in I J^i t ‘^j^yr cii (J-'Ajj ^5^” f^" <j^ J"'-^
3 . 2(Sla 5^1 jU $ ti-iSiir
6277. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), to a man who asked, ’Do you consider all
these creatures as people?’ said, ’Exclude from among them those who do
not brash their teeth, sitting cross-legged in a narrow place, one who
interferes in matters that do not concern him, debates about that which he
has no knowledge, one who acts sick without an illness, one who falls apart
without a calamity, one who opposes his friends in matters of truth that they
have agreed upon, a proud person who is proud of his forefathers but he is
devoid of their good deeds, so he is like a heath peeling off its bark bit by
bit until it reaches its core, and he is like Allah's verse: “They are like
cattle; rather they are more astray ”. 45
Notes
1. 261 / 2 . ot«j) . 3 (A’' ^ 3^3 <. .
2.44 : civil .
3. 9 / 409 : jui-i .
4. Quran 7 1 79 1
5. al-Khisal, p. 409, no. 9
502
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1773 -
1773. THE EXPLANATION OF THE WORD
OPPORTUNIST'
X? ^44 ■ cyy ^>4 J y? a\ a4p jiiaiSiJi .6278
0) ■ (A" ^ ^ ■ 3"^ ■ 3^ ^ taj | , akh
bta cJA “^~3 y^~ 34j4 ■ 0(4^4 lA Lc) L^j) b ■ (J^i a] I j aAp <*A
“, Jj4 ^y* JgAl -b4
6278. Imam al-Kazim (AS), to Fadl b. Yunus said, 'Do good and speak
only good, and do not be an opportunist.' I asked, 'What does it mean to be
an opportunist?' He said, Do not say: “I am with the people and I am one
of the people .” The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'O people, there are two paths:
the path of good and the path of evil, so the path of evil should not be more
loved by you than the path of good.' 3
.1561 s-A ! -A-aj (^iajt)
(See also: EMULATION (Taqlid): section 1561)
Notes
i. l? Lcp> : 3340 / 1 : A <k\ *_ajA
^y L*5~) . oLa-u&j) 10 . alJl 3 44 5jL4»l ) _
2. 413 : .
3. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 413
503
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387 -
387. SLEEP
1774 -
1774. SLEEP
, ( ^ 1j IU pSLZjj DJUJ )
“And [did we not] make your sleep for rest?” 3
L^-Jlp ljdl j c»i ji (jdlj iiil)
( jj ISnjLxj
■>&$ 3, Ui (j 01 J4-' (J|
“Allah takes the souls at the time of their death, and those that have
not died in their sleep. Then he retains those for whom He has ordained
death and releases the others until a specified time. There are indeed signs
in that for a people who reflect. ” 5
U M OjJ«. *)!j L OjJ.1 ! aJTj U P <U)I .6279
6279. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Sleep is the brother of death, and the
people of Heaven do not die.' 7
^ , AJjJij jjUM ^IjS _ySjj c jl JalA ^lll aJlp ' .6280
6280. Imam al-Rida (AS) said, ’Sleep is the sultan of the brain, and it is
the foundation of the body and its [source of] strength.’ 9
10. (diilJ jJl Up fi.y\ .6281
6281. Imam al-Hadi (AS) said, ’Staying awake makes sleeping more
sweet.’ 11
Notes
1. ! *&-\j
y , o Ujt^ j
t A>-
if, ' , ^ - '/i 1 1 ' l"jL 1
802 / 2) .
2. 9 : Lji .
3. Quran 789 !
4. 42 : yf .
5. Quran 3942!
6. 39321 : Jiui u.
7. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 39321
8. 316 / 62 : jiySli jU .
9. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 62, p. 316
10. 311 : jUi .
1 1. Alam al-Din, p. 311
504
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1775 - sygj* >U3i
1775. CAUTION AGAINST EXCESSIVE SLEEP
(UlJi Ielp i <uip Jii I <uip jslji ,6282
jLgplL) (Jllaj c ! Jli ?
6282. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Moses (AS) asked [Allah], 'Who from
among Your servants is most hated by You?' He Almighty said, '[One who
is] a carcass at night and idle [jobless] during the day.' "
il>- jli L. ojiSj j*Y"G[ ! aJTj aAp Al i6283
4_«LJLSl
6283. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Beware of too much sleep, for
excessive sleep will render one poor on the Day of Judgment.' 4
c. jLAI AiL>- aJp ^Lp .6284
6284. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who fears a nightly raid will sleep little.' 6
7! pJl A ■ aJp ^Lp .6285
6285. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'How very much does sleep [at night] unravel
the firm determinations made during the day!' 8
\ LjjlIIj Vj£$ I^SAAl aAp JEUAJ) .6286
6286. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Excessive sleeping takes away religion
and world.' 10
j Sl5a iiu 5 ^J)\ vjg dAlp kij ^ : rsLJi Up .6287
", jlojLI
6287. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, 'Do not habituate your eyes to too much
sleep, for it is the least thankful in the body.' 12
' 7 , J_jA jpj l)[ ! ^SAAl <u!p .6288
6288. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, 'Allah, the Exalted and Noble, hates a
servant who excessively sleeps and is idle.' 14
15. y£ i {j* ! ^saai aJp .6289
6289. Imam al-Askari (AS) said, 'He who sleeps too much sees
[disturbing] dreams.' 16
Notes
1. 185/ 163 :
2. Qasas al-Anbiya', p. 163, no. 185
3. 218 ! .
4. al-Ikhtisas, p. 218
5. 644 / 478 ! Jj.ua!) gtAi .
6. Amali al-Saduq, p. 322, no. 4
505
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7. 241 j 440 suSCJ-t : usut .
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 440, Sermon 241
9. 1 / 84 / 5 : jis4i .
10. al-Kafi, v. 5, p. 84, no. 1
11. 149/115/2
12. Tafsir al-Ayyashi, v. 2, p. 115, no. 149
13. 2 / 84 / 5 : JIS4I .
14. al-Kafi, v. 5, p. 84, no. 2
15. 43 : Sy>Ul Sjjjl .
16. al-Durra al-Bahira, p. 43
506
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1776 - (Jj
1776. THE ASCENSION OF SPIRITS TO THE SKY
DURING SLEEP
^ Sj c ^ fis : r5LJi fi-vi .6290
lijLjj L&ULlls ^ 4i Ots i ^.Lll Jj£ ^ Ot^ c
y&s>- JS ^ 0[j ^ aiAj 0^cs~* (3 Lg)j>d 0 li' Ots t LgAp
* , aX^y (3 UfcjJsJA A^S^Ja 4jLA [j£ i^UCj
6290. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’A Muslim will not sleep while in a state of
ritual impurity (janaba), and he should not sleep without being in a state of
purity. If he does not find water then he should perform dry ablution
(tayammum) with soil, for the spirit of a believer ascends to Allah Almighty
and He meets it and blesses it. If his time of death was to have come when
in a state [of purity], He places his spirit within the folds of His Mercy, and
if his end has not come He sends it back [i.e. his spirit] with His guardian
angels and they return it to his body.’ 2
.847 <— A ■ (4^0
(See also: THE SPIRIT: section 838)
Notes
t.8/153/81 : jijAijU.
2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 81, p. 153, no. 8
507
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1777 - ObT
1777. THE ETIQUETTES OF SLEEPING
1-klaUl :
1. CLEANLINESS
4j Lj 01^ c j&S' o— , L ^lLp 4^jl ^ 4^jI J^va^ ■62,91
' , ^a^jj jl b .A U ^(_aJ
6291. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'None of you should go to sleep with
unclean hands, for if he does and is stricken with mental derangement from
Satan [as a result] then he has only himself to blame.' 2
> *
2 - oj^kll :
2. Purity
aXJ (3 0] p- ^b ^jA , d Tj aLp <Uil 4Xl Jj^aj >6292
3 + t i ' * .
, 4^1 wLLP j) ^ $
6292. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever sleeps with ablution [wudu?]
and dies in his sleep is regarded by Allah as a martyr.' 4
ob 4jiJi cli cSyl f y|Jaj ^ : fsLJi a4p .6293
6293. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Whoever purifies himself [ablution] and
then goes to his bed, he will sleep and his bed will be like his mosque.' 6
Li 1 ol> c (Jl c£j^ f Cj* ■ aTp ^bahll .6294
I dlli JjtP 01^ i. OiL" La LjlS^ Ojb.2 /jA J>P ^Jp ^ ^ LLs ^ 0-C>^~wbS”"
7. jJ->-yJp /111 obLUil <j Jjj
6294. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Whoever purifies himself [ablution] and
then goes to his bed he will sleep and his bed will be like his mosque. So, if
he remembers that he is not in a state of ablution, then he should perform
dry ablution (tayammum) on his clothes, whatever it may be, and if he does
so he will be [regarded as] continuously praying and remembering Allah
Almighty.’ 8
3 - J0^ •
3. Relieving Oneself before Sleeping
ijjt drily c l ; <ui p ly~J-\ v aJp ^fp ^ba^Ji .6295
abdajl S' 3**-^ 5/ ! (Jl£ , ^j^Caji.! ja\ b \ J Lli ? d JgJl j^P b£ J 1 . -C
508
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t $3^3 ** ^*4 ***^
^uksi
cf ft X?
•yi
9. cIji jp I ULa lila t 03~\ ^Js- diC~Jj
6295. Imam Ali (AS), to his son al-Hasan (AS) said, '0 son, shall I teach
you four things that will make you needless of medicine?' He said, 'Yes, O
Commander of the Faithful.' He said, 'Do not eat food unless you are hungry
and get up from eating whilst you still desire to eat more, chew well, and
before you sleep go and relieve yourself. If you do these you will be
needless of medicine.' 10
4 - <LAbiLl :
4. TAKING ACCOUNT OF ONESELF
j aXL, i. jku il i\j ji du.jf lii : ^%j\ aAp /saxii .6296
X i^LjCa Ad olj Ad I JSAlj t AAjj (3 Aid 2)
6296. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'When you head for bed then look at
what you have put in your stomach [during the day] and what you have
earned in your day, and remember that you are to die and that you will be
resurrected.' 12
5. RECITING [THE QUR'AN] AND SUPPLICATING AT BEDTIME
ApLj Ail ^ji) lyi .ATj aAp .uil ^ .6297
^ 1 , , > i A yp A) 1 yAp **
6297. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever recites the chapter of the
Qur'an entitled al-Ikhlas when he retires to his bed, Allah will forgive fifty
years of his sins.' 14
4^x3 (Jtj -Up (^^dl j*S5Jsl) \ jii , Alj aAp Uil Ull 1 629 8
15. ^
6298. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Whoever recites the chapter of the
Qur'an entitled al-Takathur when going to sleep will be protected from the
trials of the grave.' 16
... ui [g ij,[ -X-wf (jj T ii[ ; aJTj aAp Aii Aii J y^j .6299
/- * , 0 / , z ' , s' Z
iiSLp Aj \h a*- lx l ^ lg ojj c Jjipli
17 „ AJ-iAJi
6299. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’When any of you retires to his bed ...
he should say: O Allah, if You take my soul while I am sleeping then
forgive it, and if You send it back to me, then protect it as You protect Your
righteous servants.’ 18
509
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6 - j' billl :
6. SLEEPING ON ONE'S BACK OR SIDE
rsLJi iljMi : aAj' a~,t j* : rsLJi Up *j* .6300
^Js- ^\jj t ^ fh? LSlc-
Ajl^dj t b b« bgJjb^ ^lp (*bj bisjLjlj C aLj3|
1 ->. bl: a ^JlP ^Lj 4jilpj3j 0^^ ^53
6300. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Sleeping can be in four ways: prophets (AS)
sleep straight on their backs and their eyes do not sleep waiting for the
revelation of Allah. The believer sleeps on his right side facing the qibla.
Kings and their children sleep on their left side enjoying what they ate.
Satan, his brethren and every insane and deformed person sleeps flat on
their front.’ 20
7 - JLP £U-lh :
7. SUPPLICATION WHEN WAKING UP
\ Jli eii b>i 415" dTj aJp- /ill ^S\ j) : jiyS/i jU .6301
Ldb«l b^A*! bl^l 1 Jb* b a ■ •' ■ ^ I c dT^bb
21 . «jyul)i
6301. Hudhayfa said, ’When the Prophet (SAW A) retired to his bed he
would say, ’In Your name O Allah I die and live’, and when he woke up he
would say, ’Praise be to Allah who revived us after He caused us to die, and
upon Him is the Resurrection.’ 22
Notes
I. 707 / 510 ! Jjj-Lji jj guSi .
2. Amali al-Saduq, p. 345, no. 1
3.7/ 183/76 : j\/i\ M.
4. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 76, p. 183, no. 7
5. 1 / 35 : JUpSii <_4ji .
6. Thawab al-Amal, p. 35, no. 1
7.6/ 182/76 : 7^1 jU .
8. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 76, p. 182, no. 6
9. 67 / 229 : .
10. al-Khisal, p. 229, no. 67
II. 21 / 190/76 : M.
12. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 76, p. 190, no. 21
13. 27 / 64 ! J,b»Sh .
14. Amali al-Saduq, p. 22, no. 3
15. 12/ 196/76 :
510
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16. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 76, p. 196, no. 12
17. 34 / 589 :
18. Hal al-Shara'i, p. 589, no. 34
19. 140 / 263 : Ju4-i .
20. al-Khisal, p. 363, no. 140
21.25 /218/76 :
22. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 76, p. 218, no. 25
511
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388 ■
388. INTENTION
1778 - J O &
1778. THE ROLE OF INTENTION IN ACTION
o JupSii Let t(yUi l : dij Up 4)i j^> &\ j ^ .6302
t Aill a))I (_l! dUlC t (_£ jj U ^jS\J
d U| La U Ajy>n g 5 oi^d jl l (C- A 1*0
6302. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'O people, actions are according to
intentions, and every person will have what he intended. So, whoever's
migration was to Allah and His Messenger then his migration is to Allah
and His Messenger, and whoever's migration was to the world to gain from
it, or to a woman to marry her, then their migration will be to whatever they
migrated to.' 2
jl ai l Z j ^bLJl Up Up ^jp! 111 - dij Up 4)1 4)1 .6303
lri | ” 4j ^JUj UU jl 4jE jl LoU- ■ ' ' Uld i“^lp c? A ! d UAj
U ^Ip xij Ah <0)1 -Cp U £.Uiri (jp c ^ t£jd ^ d^UJlj (JUpSII
' , iSy U hf) d -4\j i S'ULp .1 UjJl hAtP -bjj lip
6303. The Prophet (SAWA), when he sent Ali on a military expedition
with a brigade, and a man said to his brother, 'Lets go on the military
expedition with the brigade of Ali, we might get a slave or an animal or
something of value- said, 'Actions are according to intentions, and every
person has what they intend. So whoever goes on a conquest in search of
what is with Allah then their reward will be from Allah, and whoever goes
on a conquest in search of worldly affairs or intends restraints will not get
other than what he intended.' 4
5. judi S£ii : fbLJi up *j* ^iai .6304
6304. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Intention is the basis of action.’ 6
2. Uj ^JUp ^ ■ ^bUdl Up jjjJjldl ^LAl *6305
6305. Imam Zayn al- Abidin (AS) said, 'There is no action without
intention.' 8
\ Udl aAp Up OU iluU? u ; ^suji up juudi ^lai .6306
6306. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A body will not become weak where the
intention is strong.' 10
Notes
1. 7272 ! JiUi yS~ .
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 7261
512
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3.1274/618 :
4. Amali al-Tusi, p. 618, no. 1274
5. 1040 : j> .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1040
7. 1 / 84 / 2 : jisOi .
8. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 84, no. 1
9. 5859 / 400 / 4 ! ^4^ 7 ^ .
10. al-Faqih, v. 4, p. 400, no. 5859
513
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1779 - j O ^
1779. THE ROLE OF INTENTION IN THE HEREAFTER
j jiUi lii : rsLJ Up ruvi qi£ji .6307
6307. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The people of Hell will dwell eternally
in Hell because their intentions in the world were such that if they were to
remain there forever they would disobey Allah forever, and the people of
Heaven will dwell eternally in Heaven because their intentions in the world
were such that if they were to remain there forever, they would obey Allah.
Therefore, it is according to their intentions that these people and those
people will have everlasting abodes. He then recited Allah's verse in the
Qur'an: “Say, 'Everyone acts according to his character' 3 , and said,
[meaning] 'With his intention.' 4
" , ULJtSl ? 'iii 5] : fbLJi Up &WI .6308
6308. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah will resurrect people according to
their intentions on the Day of Judgment.'
Notes
1. 84 : A-Ai .
2. j d\j±\). LtLli L. jU*s~4 j Cup olSCiil Jl SjLil c5 / 85 / 2 : jisdl
212/ 13:ot^i jy~Ju) .
3. Quran 1784:
4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 85, no. 5
5. 929 / 409 / 1 : .
6. al-Mahasin, v. 1, p. 409, no. 929
514
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1780 -
1780. THE REWARD OF AN INTENTION TO DO GOOD
53 Liij s La\j»\ (j usy ; aJTj aJp- aSii aSii .6309
! 3^* !? lj UjL« olY" ■ ijJii , yir Y ii ^ 53
i
6309. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'We left groups of people in Madinah,
while there was no valley we crossed nor heights we climbed nor hills we
descended without them being with us. They said, 'How can they be with us
when they did not witness any of this?' He said, '[Because of] their
intentions.' 2
0 ^ y
bl b , AJlj
a*
6310. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'O Abu Dharr, intend to do good, even
if you do not [manage to] do it so that you are not written among the
inattentive.' 4
5. Oikjdi isi : yLJ aJp yp ^iaji .6311
6311. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Righteous intention is one of the two actions
[it itself is a deed].' 6
yp- aWI -Lg-Jidj aa>-1 Jj . >? 4- yyi ~ aJlp yp .6313
-Lijj c Uji3 1 C jP*-’ ■ 3^-^ ? \Au* ■ " J^-l (3 AjIJlpI
c 20b«y olp^w c 3by a- 35 (^_p) f 3^ tybp 35
s. jLchh y lSjAJ
6312. Imam Ali (AS) said to a man who wished his brother was present
so that he could see the victory of Allah over His enemies at the Battle of
the Camel, 'Did your brother desire to be with us?' He said, 'Yes.' He (AS)
said, 'Then he has witnessed us, and groups of people have witnessed us in
our army while they are still in the loins of men and the wombs of women.
Very soon time will bring them out and faith will become strong through
them.’ 9
10. Afkiii aM jy j jSj aSji jjJ yp i aJp yip .6313
6313. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Allah's granting [of rewards] is according to
the intention.' 11
ajiI^S? t jS-\ ja j£ jlj j^p lii : yLJi a3p j»LJi ^iaii .6314
' t A^_*2jdL)
6314. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'When Allah Almighty knows the good
intention of someone He encompasses him with protection [from sins].' 13
515
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Notes
I. 7261 :
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 7261
3. 2661 / 378 / 2 : .
4. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 2, p. 378, no. 2661
5. 1624 : fSCJ-l j>.
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1624
7. j' b:.! ^1p ■ Oba^Jl jpa
230 . jy^ Ll) j*jJl j^SaJi) .
8. 12 5Ja^"' ■ ii-SUl 0® .
9. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 12
10. 6193 : p^J-i j>.
II. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 6193
12. 301 : >"U\ .
13. Alam al-Din, p. 301
516
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1781 - jo-
1781. THE INTENTION OF THE BELIEVER IS BETTER
THAN HIS ACTION
yt % ‘ yt V- j^J^I aJ . aJTj aJp auI |_^U^ ail .6315
^ , axj ^ip a^ip ^53 t4j^_p
6315. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’The intention of the believer is better
than his action, and the intention of the disbeliever is worse than his action,
and every doer does according to his intention.’ 2
, ^ aLp ^_Li ^ 3 a4p aii ^-*2 awi .6316
6316. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’The intention of a believer is more
effective than his action, and same with the evildoer.’ 4
y> (_£j4 *y dJJij i aLp ^y> j^ajJ.1 a3 ! aJp JiLJl .6317
£j3lj J JdJl Ohf 2Al3j i aI^p ^il^Jl ajj c a5j-\j 5/ L. jdh I
5. h! l. j£J!
6317. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’The intention of a believer is better than
his action, that is because he intends good that he cannot perform, and the
intention of the disbeliever is worse than his action because he intends evil
and he wishes in evil what he cannot perform.’ 6
aLp [Js- 33 J-As aIp- y ‘-rJ'y=3' <3 " (“SAJI aJp JbUAl ^L^l .6318
^1p ^ AdlL- acJIj f-LjOld dj oh! ! ~
2, (JX*Jl |_jip ^gJaad h! L. aS)I
6318. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), in answer to the reason behind the superiority
of a believer's intention over his action, 'Because an action could be done as
an act of showing-off, but the intention is solely and sincerely for the Lord
of the worlds, so He Almighty gives according to the intention what He
does not give for the action.' 8
Notes
t.2/84/2 : ^i.
2. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 84, no. 2
3. 1013 /454:^^1! JiAi.
4. Amali al-Tusi, p. 454, no. 1013
5. 2 / 524 : ^yJi JL .
6. Ilal al-Sharai, p. 524, no. 1
7. 1 / 524 : ^vji ju .
8. Ibid. p. 524, no. 2
517
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1782 - (J
1782. ENJOINMENT OF RIGHTEOUS INTENTIONS IN
EVERYTHING
(j 23) ^^32) t ji li y . aJTj aJp aui (_jU^ *ii i .6319
*■ pSi j c
6319. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’O Abu Dharr, you should have a
righteous intention in everything you do, even in sleeping and eating.’ 2
(3 {j* -LjdJ A-lp J).2Ly2jl -6320
2, SAsLp 0^32 ^-ijss 1 IS) aj i
6320. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'It is important for a servant to have
sincere intention in every movement and stillness, for if it was not so he
would be regarded as negligent.’ 4
Notes
1.2661 / 370/2 :
2. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 2, p. 370, no. 2661
3.32/210/70 : jyH t jU.
4. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 70, p. 210, no. 32
518
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1783 - aSI»
1783. GOOD INTENTION
*. is i jxiji ; aJTj a4p 4)1 pi -6321
6321. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The best action is the true intention.' 2
3. ^ipji jip 3S1 : fisi aJp ijs- \\^i\ .6322
6322. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The good intention is the beauty of the
hearts.' 4
5. aS/^i ppa 3S1 ^ : fsLJi aJp yp fiph .6323
6323. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The beautiful intention is the reason for the
fulfilment of ambition.’ 6
2. a5jj j si) axj ; ^*ASi aJp- jj^LvaJi ^Gpi .6324
6324. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah will increase the sustenance of he
whose intention is good.’ 8
IgipU l$iii lil j)\ SSUJl Is- js> 'JiL UJ - p>LJl aAp ^L»hfl .6325
9. ApikiL aSi : - tp^s 6ir
6325. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when asked about the limit of worship
required by a person for him to be considered as fulfilling it, said, 'Good
intention with obedience.' 10
Notes
1.7238 : Jti-Ji
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 7238
3. 4806 : pG-i .
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4806
5. 4766 : pG-i .
6. Ibid. no. 4766
7. 922 / 406 / 1 : .
8. al-Mahasin, v. 1, p. 406, no. 922
9.4/85/2: ^i.
10. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 85, no. 4
519
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1784 - a£ll ij*
1784. BAD INTENTION
h -0 0 : rsLJi Up .6326
6326. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Bad intention is a hidden sickness.' 2
3. i-aJp 4S1 jlU jlp aUp yp fL*V' .6327
6327. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'With corrupt intentions blessings are
removed.' 4
5. i±i\ ^3 0\ olcJ lii :rsLJi aUp ip- .6328
6328. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'When an intention is corrupt calamity
befalls.’ 6
2. Ujj C-J-Ul 4] ! aJp *6329
6329. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A believer makes an intention to sin,
and he is deprived of sustenance [as a result].' 8
Notes
1. 5568 : ,UU-t j> .
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 5568
3. 6228 : (vSU-i j> .
4. Ibid. no. 6228
5.4021 : r<il j>.
6. Ibid. no. 4021
7. 1 / 288 : viy c 6 / 247 / 71 : J0 M ■
8. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 71, p. 247, no. 6
520
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389 -
389. MIGRATION
1785 -
1785. MIGRATION SHOULD CONTINUE
Ots i , a]Tj a4p awI l5Iv= aw! >6330
' . .iL^Al b> HA -.7 oy>^A(
6330. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’O people, migrate and hold fast on to
Islam, for migration does not stop as long as struggle exists.’ 2
c 41 , 4by>^j& oy>x2sl , aITj aA. p .ujI >6331
4, Aj^Ill cAlaj L. oy>x2sl a:7 ^ aWI di 41 ci(r*~'-/ly
6331. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’There are two migrations: one of them
is that you migrate away from bad deeds, and the other one is your
migration to Allah Almighty and His Messenger, and migration does not
stop as long as repentance is accepted.’ 4
(J-A ij aU 4 1ST. t (JjjSfl LaJa>- ( ^S- aJJ\1 oy>t-k\ , ^bT~Jl aJiP ^L**b[l .6332
aAaI-1 Ajiydc (^)) 0y>cAl ^JL) ^ tb&AjAj Ajihfl Ai»~b>" ^A?jS! I
tcjSj ^Js- ^Ijl42~AI jJ-A (i-aj hly t 14 JSlj ‘ ^J^fl <3
^ . aIU LaLpJij ajSI aA2)-|
6332. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Migration stands at its original position.
Allah has no need of him who secretly accepts belief or him who openly
does so. Migration will not apply to anyone unless he recognises the proof
[of Allah - an Imam] on the earth. Whoever recognises him and
acknowledges him is a migrant. The title ’weak’ 6 does not apply to him
whom the proof [of Allah] has reached, and he hears it and his heart
comprehends it.’ 7
s. ^ tpjis ^sr-hfi (j Jas jj> \ <uip jiiJi .6333
6333. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’He who willingly enters Islam is a
migrant.’ 9
Notes
1. 46260 : Judi .
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 4626
3. 46262 : JtuJi .
4. Ibid. no. 46262
5. 189 Aizi-i : Ai-btJ' .
6. This refers to those who are incapacitated, or whom the proof and message of Allah
has actually not reached, and thus are not empowered to act (ed.)
521
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7. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 189
8.126/ 148/ 8:^1.
9. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 148, no. 126
522
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1786 -
1786. THE BEST MIGRATION
'■ $■%)
“ and keep away from all impurity!” “
Sil 'sjZ L* yAA 01 ■ ^3 a4p 4)1 ls^5 4^ .6334
6334. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The best migration is that you abandon
all that Allah hates.' 4
, oi oy^rAi h -h ? ' , a} i j <uip <4)i ( awi .6335
6335. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’The best migration is that you abandon
all bad.' 6
£ >
J CjyS bUa^-1 yi>A ^Ja J^-L^J.1 ! dTj a4p <U)I 4)1 J .6336
6336. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’A migrant is someone who migrates
from wrongs and sins.’ 8
Notes
1. 5 : Jail .
2. Quran 745 !
3. 46263 : Judi .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 46263
5. 46264 : JtuJi .
6. Ibid. no. 46264
7. 676 : Jeuii .
8. Ibid. no. 676
523
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1787 -
1787. THE NECESSITY OF MIGRATING FROM PLACES
[POPULATED WITH] SINNERS
( 3 l is"" Uili pslijJ ^j-Ul Oj)
(1 CAf. LC*J *^9jb« eJjdjll ^ 13 Ax~hj Awl jil IjJll
“Indeed, those whom the angels take away while they are wronging
themselves, they ask, “ What state were you in?” They reply, ’We were
abased in the land.’ They say, 'Was not Allah's earth vast enough so that you
might migrate in it?' The refuge of such shall be hell, and it is an evil
destination.” 2
2 , (oj-dpli O) b)
“O My servants who have faith! My earth is indeed vast. So worship
[only] Me.”4
0) \j^*\ b) \ Q ~ a4p (5^b*2Jl ^b«^l >6337
5. LajA- b^ c-Jl (jA’jl ij Csi2^ ■ ” (■■■
6337. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with regard to Allah's verse in the Qur'an: “O
My servants who have faith! My earth is indeed vast. So worship [only]
Me”, said, 'When Allah is disobeyed in a place that you are in, leave it and
go somewhere else.' 6
jir (Jj jpf ^ ‘Sy.y. y ij* ■ a^-£' ^ ^ J .6338
2. J JL£-j OlSy aaAI <. ij-a
6338. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Whoever flees with their religion from
one place to another, even if it was the distance of a hand's span of the earth,
Heaven becomes obligatory for him and he will be in the company of
Abraham and Muhammad (AS).' 8
Notes
i. 97 : .
2. Quran 497!
3. 56 . .
4. Quran 2956:
5. 455 / 8 : out ^ .
6. Majma al-Bayan, v. 8, p. 455
7. 153 / 3 : out .
8. Ibid. v. 3, p. 153
524
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1788 - 4* ^
1788. PROHIBITION OF RETURNING TO [A STATE OF]
RENEGATION AFTER HAVING MIGRATED [TO
BELIEF] (AL-TAARRUB BAD AL-HIJRA)
1
c/jxj aTp <3 " .6339
0^>ejLl J.XJ
6339. The Prophet (SAWA), in his will to Ali (AS) said, There is no
renegation after migration.’ 3
Jjlj , , , \ -Lo_p jjLSsJl & Aip fiAb .6340
4
6340. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Among the major sins is the intentional
killing of a believer... and regeneration after migration.’ 5
JjtJ Idjs I Ap JS-iLysjl .6341
6
6341. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’The one who returns to a state of
renegation after migration [to belief] is one who abandons this affair [of
Islam] after having acknowledged it.’ 7
-t*; cjjci Ji iiii 4Jlp la/' .6342
<jp- ,'jd” jA ejdadj iL~Ul dJJi ij ydp jLJSU
t jyu j*t tfui jg 1 Suit ja/i 3> y dUJd, * 3s$\ j Al 3L
3 JyS-1 tjJLJl i) y ku ^JLj jt 5/ 4jS! i^uip tAjAlj
8. Aiii
6342. Imam al-Rida (AS) said, ’Allah has prohibited renegation after
migration [to belief] because of [the danger] of denouncing one’s religion
and leaving the support of the prophets and the divine proofs (AS), and the
corruption that would ensue, the nullification of the rights of all those who
hold rights [in religion], especially for bedouins. This is why, if a man were
to have acknowledged religion completely, it is not allowed for him to go
and live with people who are ignorant [or in disbelief] of it, and as a result
of fear for him, for he can never be safe from falling from his position of
knowledge and re-entering into ignorance and remaining therein.’ 9
Notes
1 . Returning back to the pre-Islamic age after changing and having accepted Islam.
2. 1/75/11 ! .
3. Wasa'il al-Shi'a, v. 11, p. 75, no. 1
525
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4.1249/90/ 11 :
5. Mustadrak al-Wasa?il, v. 11, p. 90. no. 1249
6. 1 / 265 ! 3^ ■
7. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 265
8. 2/75/11 ! .
9. Wasa'il al-Shia, v. 11, p. 75, no. 2
526
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390 -
390. DESERTION
1789 - js-
1789. WARNING AGAINST DESERTION
4^3 ob»-l ■ 4JTj 4^1 P- .Uil 4jil .6343
6343. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'A Muslim's desertion of his brother is
like shedding his blood.' ~
ot3 $ dx^-i l ji bi b i dTj aXp <uji <j .6344
\ ipz *y
6344. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'O Abu Dharr, beware of deserting
your brother, for deeds are not accepted from desertion.' 4
lit* 4 01441 l. U-J 441 jijj *y : 4LJ1 a> /4l4i 441 .6345
j_^Xl ^i} L. t aLj b eiddk-j obOSj t, z. AbX ./?! bXXl
6345. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Satan continues to be happy as long as
two Muslims forsake each other, and when they reconcile again his knees
tremble and his joints break apart, and he screams out 'Woe unto me, I am
perished'.' 7
hh C)\j3^h\ j *X4~j tijfujj 4dp js,5b4! ^l.vi .6346
IX& c Jjl-d kwl ^lk>- , 4J JlJi3 4 b^b)X" 2JJ3 bxjj t aIaJJIj b^JO-i
? jb Li likJi
IS) ! (JjjL (jj (. ^A^S' ^P 4J ^^J^wabdj 4^4? ob>-l ^P--b hi 4j hf ! (Jli
bl ^~\ I , 4^j>-L4 3j-44 ^ I bLi y>-hfl b^-C>-l jb*3 jbh ^jbj
X^-b (JjX iijbj awl b)tS c ‘U^-b*2 (jby 4cb b)ly>tJsl kX flj , bl b j|
\ jiliiJl ^ »j 1 h X 1 1
6346. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'No sooner do two men who forsake each
other part than one of them becomes deserving of disassociation [by Allah]
and curse, and both of them may become deserving of if. Muattab said to
him, 'May Allah sacrifice me for your sake, this is for the one who wronged,
but what about the one who was wronged?' He said, 'Because he does not
call his brother to reconciliation and does not forgive him for what he said. I
heard my father say, 'When two people dispute with each other and one
overcomes the other, the one who has been wronged should return to his
friend and says to him 'O brother I am the one at fault', to cut the desertion
between them, for Allah Almighty is a Just Judge, and will take the right of
the wronged one from the wronger.' 10
527
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Notes
l. 24789 : .
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 24789
3. 3 / 89 / 77 : 7^1 .
4. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 77, p. 89, no. 3
5. ■ )g «.»•*’ jJ' (. +£ aLl , jlzjjla+J?] , olx.5 ^
1037/2 c ^250 ^519/ 1).
6. 7 / 346 / 2 : jl<ji .
7. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 346, no. 7
8. « ■ c l,g yg*j Li" aJL^ LL) Ajl c ‘LgfeJti.l jjil j
235 ^ 233 / 2 : J~M) .
9. 1 / 344 / 2 : ji&i .
10. Ibid. v. 2, p. 344, no. 1
528
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1790 - i ij3 oj^ta jp
1790. THE PROHIBITION OF FORSAKING A BROTHER
FOR MORE THAN THREE DAYS
, ^ ' aJLj a-Lp awi .6347
6347. The Prophet (SAW A) said, ’Forsaking [one’s brother] for more
than three days is not allowed.’ 2
^Cl aj t/i oLpi 01 ^jAU bf ! aJTj aTp aSi! .6348
3
6348. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’It is not permitted for a believer to
desert his brother for more than three days.’ 4
iJlX^3 LJLdl L)ts l aIj! aj^lj JSji 3y>tkl hf .aJTj a-Ip aWI aWI .6349
JpSII aj jLj t jt'hfl ^y> 1-La [c,j iJL ^ jjj t L5 IAjj-I
6349. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Deserting [one's brother] for more than
three days is not allowed, and if they meet thereafter and one of them greets
the other, and he returns the greeting, they will both share the reward. But if
he does not return the greeting, the person who greeted is cleared of sin, and
will take the reward alone.' 6
aWI SL-p \yjy^y b/j djJjl-U hf ! aJIj aTp aWI aWI ^y^y .6350
WLSsA L4^ aw! I L<dSij ots t IjSIa c
6350. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Do not turn your backs to each other
and do not cut ties amongst yourselves, and be servants of Allah as brothers.
Deserting a believer for [more than] three days [is not allowed] and they
must speak [thereafter], but if they do not Allah Almighty turns away from
them until they speak.' 8
.31 1U *)J IjSIj Lc.1 ! aJTj a-Ip aw! awI ^y^y .6351
jir A-?-! ^bLS"" Jjlb* U-jjli t Ajhij U-I-Cj 1 ^bL-ibll LIS'" bl[
\ t— jL— Al ^yj aAI
6351. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'No sooner do two Muslims forsake
each other and stay like that for three days without reconciling, then they are
regarded as having left Islam and there is no relation between them.
Whoever of them precedes in speaking to his brother will precede entrance
into Heaven on the Day of Judgment.' 10
hh obL? i jyi [prccd Jj* L* ! ^bL-~!l a-Ip JisLjl ^Labfl .6352
AjIp Jlai ? (Jb illiil JW 1-La t aS)I iJj— "j ^ f>\> ! aJ t Ai)ti)l <j
^ !? 1 ■>. Ih y2j t illliil LI ! JjJLts AdsJl cii jj-A! ^ jLi L* !^bL-~!l
6352. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Any two believers who forsake each
other for more than three days, I disassociate myself from them on the third
529
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day.' He was asked, '0 son of the Prophet, this is in regard to the one
wronging, but what about the wronged?' He (SAW A) said, 'Well why
doesn't the wronged one himself go to the wronger and say, 'I am in the
wrong, until they reconcile?!' 12
Notes
1. 2 / 344 / 2 : jisOi .
2. Ibid. v. 2, p. 344, no. 2
3. 24793 ! .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 24793
5. 7 / 457 / 3 : ■
6. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 3, p. 457, no. 7
7. 8 / 457 / 3 ! .
8. Ibid. v. 3, p. 457, no. 8
9. 5 / 345 / 2 : jl<ji .
10. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 354, no. 5
11. 10/ 188/75 : ^ M.
12. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 75, p. 188, no. 10
530
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391 - tyoAi
391. GUIDANCE
1791 - fculi
1791. GENERAL DIVINE GUIDANCE
*. f ilU- i£&\ i4j Jil)
“He said, 'Our Lord is He who gave everything its creation and then
guided it. ” 2
! - 3(111 oLoJis £l) ! dyS j - dSilXaJl >6353
4. fcjlj iJ^T LSI Slijp
6353. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with regard to Allah's verse in the Qur'an:
“Indeed We have guided him to the way, be he grateful or ungrateful” 5
said, 'We made them know it [i.e. the right way], they can either take it or
leave it.' 6
Notes
t. 50 : aJ* .
2. Quran 2050i
3. 3 : ol_Ai •
4.4/ 196/5 :
5. Quran 763 !
6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 5, p. 196, no. 4
531
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1792 - ajuAu
1792. LIVING WITH GUIDANCE
(L^- la! ui^-f iy>'3)
“...and whoever saves a life is as though he had saved all mankind. ” 2
^ l ry> ! ■ 35^ cf* J-“" ^ A-it- >6354
LgJ-3 Ju& CS“^ vj^> ^ IjilSo
6354. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when asked about the above verse, said,
'Whoever takes it [i.e. a person's soul] out of error and into guidance is as if
he has revived it. And whoever takes it out from guidance into error is as if
he has killed it.' 4
Notes
1 . 32 ! sajiU .
2. Quran 532!
3. 1/210/2 : jisdi.
4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 210, no. 1
532
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1793 - L>\j>
1793. THE REWARD FOR GUIDANCE
! aJI - -jli cbjiil 1^*23 <u!p Sjjli jt ,6355
c dJjbtJ J^lll -bed illy y,La c -^jjb Li
*, 1-C-3* c3 23eJl -Uej 2Tib i ^d] | a3] d)l t 2-bLlA-
6355. It is narrated in Bihar al-Anwar: ’Prophet David (AS) left for the
desert by himself, so Allah revealed to him, ’0 David, why is it that I see
you by yourself?’ He said, ’0 Allah, my yearning for meeting You has
become extreme, and has become an obstruction between me and Your
creation.’ So, Allah revealed to him, ’Return to them, for if you bring me a
runaway servant I will inscribe you in the Tablet as praised.’ 2
L , ~ ^jddl a ixL LXJ y>L— Jl a4p " aJTj a-1p aWI yil (J ,6356
Lr dJl dTjdj s- iiii (_ J-Cgj auI t l-cs-i jL"UL" ^ t
2, L oJ^J dJly . ceLypj 4-ie- cukld
6356. The Prophet (SAWA) said to Imam Ali (AS) when he sent him to
Yemen, ’0 Ali, do not fight anyone without [first] inviting them [to Islam],
By Allah, that Allah should guide a person through your hands is better for
you than everything that the sun rises and sets on, and you will have his
allegiance, O Ali.’ 4
S l? aJl^ yyy ~ aJTj a4p <uji yd ^ ,6357
aJYj jjep 2-LLd ySlj 4*^ di c jyLJl pdy . .. aWL
5 - - - ,
, -Uj
6357. The Prophet (SAWA) said to a person asking him for advice, ’I
advise you not to associate anything with Allah.. ..and call people to Islam,
and know that for every person that is guided by you, you will get the
reward of having freed a slave from the offspring of Jacob.’ 6
Notes
1.26/40/ 14 : y/djU.
2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 14, p. 40, no. 25
3. 4 / 28 / 5 : jisdt .
4. al-Kafi, v. 5, p. 28, no. 4
5.5 /448/ 11
6. Wasa'il al-Shia, v. 11, p. 448, no. 5
533
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1794 - Aiiait rj0\~az?-\
1794. GUIDANCE BEING EXCLUSIVELY FROM ALLAH
i
jAj £1Aj J^® Lf-^ri ^ 1)^3
“You cannot guide whomever you wish, but [it is] Allah [who] guides
whomever He wishes, and He knows best those who are guided. ” 2
hh <jLv? c , aJsW iiii Ju , aJTj a4p 54)1 .6358
\ a. " c AX^ct-i ^
6358. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Allah Almighty said, ’My servants, all
of you are astray save he whom I have guided, and all of you are poor
except for he whom I have enriched, and all of you are sinners except for he
whom I protect from them.’ 4
/ja ^i,] Ci~^3 ^*34® 3 , aJTj a4p auI ail .6359
aJ “iCaJl aJ] [j^3 hf/® (j~4h Jj li-j t
6359. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’I was sent as a caller and a propagator,
and I do not have [the power] to guide by myself, and Satan was created to
make [people's deeds] decorous [to them], but he does not [have the power
to] lead anything astray.' 6
Notes
1. 56 ! .
2. Quran 64 1 1 !
3. 161 / 162 : jyuaiJ juSi .
4. Amali al-Saduq, p. 90, no. 1
5. 546 : Juji .
6. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 546
534
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1795 - j*
1795. THOSE WHOM ALLAH GUIDES
' , illj Alls -CgJ aUL [y'fi. *lll illih ]y> L-jLLsI Li)
‘Wo affliction visits [anyone] except by Allah's leave. Whoever has
faith in Allah, He guides his heart, and Allah has knowledge of all
things. ” 2
2, awi 0^3 Lu^ IjA&ia jjii )
“As for those who strive in Us, We shall guide them to Our ways, and
Allah is indeed with the virtuous. ” 4
■*, ((jyjllijl ^JJijl ^ ill jj)
“Indeed Allah does not guide the wrongdoing lot. ” 6
\ (jij i£ji £pji 'ill Si)
“Indeed Allah does not guide the faithless lot. ” 8
^1,Lxjj £^ji_j ail ; ~ 1 jjti. ajUT ^ - ^sV~Ji aAp iL**yi B6360
bdj t ftl la P AC« ^ ^ oLj?j AC* A 1 .1? P |jd c ^Jjtjl jlAAl
9. SijLi u. J ^ 5^4
6360. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Allah, Blessed and most High, the
Clement and all-Knowing, only becomes angry with those who do not
accept His satisfaction, and He only prohibits those who do not accept His
gifts. Verily, He only causes to go astray those who do not accept from Him
His guidance.' 10
Notes
1.11 ! .
2. Quran 2856!
3. 69 ! .
4. Quran 2969 !
5. 50 ! 0*2-aSJ1 .
6. Quran 2850!
7. 67 : sushi .
8. Quran 567!
9. 16/52/8 : jisdi.
10. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 52, no. 16
535
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392 -
392. THE GIFT
1796 - J *
1796. ENCOURAGING GIVING GIFTS
jyLu/aJL) LiU Ij^Li c 3>Ua Ij^Li , 4J 1 j aJp awI L_flv= <Ui! .6361
6361. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Give gifts to each other and you will
love each other; give gifts to each other for it removes grudges.’ "
L OjpAl 4jXk\ , aJTj A4p .Ujl .6362
4 I^jUA Ij^Li c
6362. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'A gift brings about affection,
reinforces brotherhood, and removes grudges. Give gifts to each other and
you will love each other.' 5
ja t}\ 4^1 Uld SSjla ^L4I csaJ\ cfl : rbLJ! Adp ^Jlp fiAh .6363
6. L^lic 31^1 jt
6363. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Giving a gift to my Muslim brother that he
would benefit from is more beloved to me than giving its like in charity.' 7
Notes
1.. 14/ 144/5 : jiS4.
2. Ibid. v. 5, p. 144, no. 14
3. 255 / 13 j 121/4: «—•> jLJjAii-i [ iij cAUjp- ! oj4>-) .
4. 2 / 166 / 77 : jiySi .
5. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77, p. 166, no. 2
6.12/144/5 : jisdi.
7. al-Kafi, v. 5, p. 144, no. 12
536
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1797 - JUJ*h ujjs
1797. THE PROHIBITION OF GIFTS TO
ADMINISTRATORS
Lj1-la , 4J i j a4p aw! awi i6364
6364. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Gifts to administrators [of the
government] are forbidden, all [kinds] of them.' 2
-A \ /y bW"J aJ 1 j aAp aW! ^1*2 y \ i6365
{J~p Idjfc j 1AU caS-C*2 Ip aJ (jLal
! (J y£L£ ^J^aLdl <J I) G a4p ■TAi , , . jdil ^ip a4p Alii
aJ aJ>1j a_o T c*j ^ W&5 !? ^ !-ip j 241 !3p
iX O^AJ jl s-lp) aJ i^JLJ OtS^ 0] L AXtij ^]p aLaA AiLjljl ^JJ Aj £.L>- ^ O-llj
2, JlLj oLi jl jljp-
6365. Abu Hamid al-Saidi said, 'The Prophet (SAWA) employed a man
from the tribe of Bani Asad who was called Ibn al-Utbiyya to go and collect
some charity and when he came back, he said, ’This is for you, and this is
my gift [assuming possession of some of the donation for himself].' So the
Prophet (SAWA) ascended the pulpit. He praised Allah and extolled Him,
and said, 'What is it with the administrator who we send [to work] and he
comes back and says, 'This is for you and this is for me!' He should sit in the
house of his mother and father and see if he is given a gift or not? ! By He
who owns my soul, anything that he takes he will be carrying on his neck on
the Day of Resurrection, even if it is a grumbling camel, a bellowing cow,
or a moaning sheep.' 4
Notes
1. 15067 : Judi .
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 15068
3. 6753 / 2624 / 6 :
4. Sahih al-Bukhari, no. 6753
537
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1798 -
1798. PROHIBITION OF ACCEPTING GIFTS FROM
POLYTHEISTS
iji ! aJTj aJp aSii ^ .6366
6366. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’We do not accept the gift of a
polytheist.’ 2
Jjj /jP aJ I j a4p a!) 1 aW ^ ij 0] : rsui aJp yp -6367
6367. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The Prophet (SAWA) prohibited the
[acceptance of] gifts from the polytheists, meaning gifts from people who
were at war with Muslims.’ 4
Notes
1. 14479 c 14475 :
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 15068
3. 82 ! 0^yi»4“l .
4. al-Jafariyat, p. 82
538
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1799 - JjJj cX-i
1799. ENJOINMENT OF ACCEPTING A GIFT
2. AxLii 'jh \p (\,\ c$jjt i _jj : aJTj Up iii 4)1 Jj-j .6368
6368. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'If an animal's leg was gifted to me, I
would accept it.' 3
f.
j! jj aJTj aAp A^l Aiil .6369
LtsJ- aJ C OwUp lx Ajb>ejdj C
6369. The Prophet (SAWA) said, A person's honouring of his Muslim
brother entails accepting his gift, and that he give him from what he has, and
that he does not burden himself for him in any way.' 5
i\y>\ I4J U “ d 4 .dp 4))l 4))l .6370
)LioLp \j ! dA 1 5A 1 ^ l ^ A j ! ■ Id aA-j L^JLlaj
A jj2-*-A_yA <5)1 jLi ^^£>\y l
6370. The Prophet (SAWA) said to A?isha when a poor lady gave her a
gift and she did not accept it in compassion for her, 'Why did you not accept
it and recompense her with its equivalent?! Do you not see that you have
humiliated her? O A?isha, be humble for Allah loves the humble and hates
the haughty.' 7
.1597 s-A !
(See also: KINDNESS: section 1597)
Notes
1. 165/4 . .uS^J) .
2. 9 / 143 / 5 : jl<ji .
3. al-Kafi, v. 5, p. 143, no. 8
4. 8 / 143 / 5 : jisdi .
5. Ibid. v. 5, p. 143, no. 9
6. 14482 : JtuJi .
7. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 14482
539
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1800 ■ (J
1800. TAKING BACK ONE'S GIFT
*. 4JL3 J JiLuJlS^ axLa (j jjLjJI | aJTj aS)I 4)1 i6371
6371. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'One who takes back a gift he has given
is like one who swallows his own vomit.' 2
2 , a] L* (3 LajsJj c ^ g hjdii | ~ -li
6372. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said regarding a man who goes out with
charity to give it to a beggar only to find that he has gone, 'Then he should
give it to someone else and not return it back to his wealth.' 4
Notes
1.46164 : judi >r.
2. Ibid. no. 46164
3.5/ 189/ 103:^1 ,u.
4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 103, p. 189, no. 5
540
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393 - &\
393. OLD AGE
1801 - fjoiit
1801. SENILITY
t 4-iS- ; aJTj ^Jlp *sii aJii .6373
' . (3 bhJJ Ajllflj*-! o|
6373. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Man is such that ninety nine deaths are
decreed for him, and if the deaths were to miss him, he would fall into
senility.' 2
3. ty\3 jUUi suli J Jb v) : ji Up .6374
6374. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The outcome of a long life is sickness and
senility.' 4
Notes
1. 272 / 1 ! A 'jA 1 4 .
2. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 1, p. 272
3. 4623 : (UU-i jA •
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4623
541
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1802 - (J
1802. WHAT BREAKS OUT IN A HUMAN WHEN HE
BECOMES SENILE [IN OLD AGE]
*■
6375. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Man becomes senile, and two things
erupt in him: greed and expectation.’ 2
! jhh cL-tjj j 4^-p ^ ^ .6376
3. ^AJI Jp »b ‘ Jdl
6376. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’When man becomes senile, two things
erupt in him: greed for wealth and greed for age [life].’ 4
Notes
1. 56 ! Jjjtd' .
2. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 56
3. 112/73 : jud-i.
4. al-Khisal, p. 73, no. 112
542
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1803 - 4j'j'
1803. WHAT BRINGS ABOUT SENILITY BEFORE ITS
TIME
uw2 j i Ji aJp \ ,6377
6377. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Worry is half of senility.’ 2
c oi^i Ja aAp *6378
AjLaL^-J c ^)-dl (3 ^ J, * .,^> t Ojljijl ^lp
6378. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’There are four things that bring about
senility before the time of old age: the eating of dry meat, sitting on humid
places, climbing stairs, and copulating old people.’ 4
Notes
1. 143 iA'J-i : sip^ut .
2. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 143
3. 3 17 : J_A«f .
4. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 317
543
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394 - ^
394. DESTRUCTION
1804 - ihtti u
1804. WHAT BRINGS ABOUT DESTRUCTION
“We would never destroy the towns except when their people were
wrongdoers. ” 2
139 ! 59 ! 54 ! JliNlj 45 ! 13 (4^0
.13 ! 37 !
(See also: Quran: 10:13, 22:45, 8:54, 18:59, 26:134, 44:37, 14:13)
t 1 -alas \ oi^ligji lsi ■ 4*ip 4i)i *6379
3 , ^ a
6379. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'As for the destroyers, [they are]: greed
obeyed, inclinations [desires] followed, and a man's admiration of himself.' 4
c OLS"" ISsXaI jLjjJI 01 . dTj aJp aw! auI .6380
5. LA,
6380. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Verily the dinar and the dirham have
destroyed those before you, and they will destroy you too.' 6
^Uj.1 OlS' Jx Oil* jZ Oil* til ; aJp 'fjs- .6381
7. Ojijljjl' (444 ‘
6381. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Verily those who perished before you did so
because they embarked upon sins, and the priests and clergies did not
prohibit them...’ 8
t (3^4 4 oToiL jj jLafJi oil* ; aJp yp ^L»hli -6382
9.
6382. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who sells certainty for doubt, and truth for
falsehood, and the Hereafter for the present [life] will perish.' 10
1 1 . ojji 1 oil* ! aJp yp .6383
6383. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who does not know his own value will
perish.' 12
13. JIS 4 JU L4- : jVAj sj au : fwai Up ^p fiah .6384
6384. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Two kinds of people perish because of me:
one who has extreme love [for me] and one who is a debased hater [of me].'
14
544
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_y t dX^j i a4p <6385
1 6 . jU*j Lc jj-e
6385. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'There are two destructive features:
giving verdicts to people with your own opinion, and to yield to something
that you do not know.' 17
l i c— o a^u- js^udaii .6386
c JSLcVjil c 4jLA\j c c a \
18
6386. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah will destroy six things as a result
of six other things: rulers for their oppression, Arabs for their partisanship,
chiefs for their haughtiness, merchants for their treachery, villagers for their
ignorance, and the jurists for their envy.' 19
Notes
1. 59 ! .
2. Quran 28: 59
3. 10 / 86 / 1 : ■
4. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 1, p. 86, no. 10
5.6/316/2 :
6. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 316, no. 6
7. 502 / 42 : jcJjb .
8. Nahj al-Saada, v. 1, p. 477, and Tarikh Dimashq, v. 42, p. 502
9. 10030 : r&u j> .
10. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 10030
11. 149 : apsui ^j£ .
12. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 149
13. 117 aACJ-I ! apSUi .
14. Ibid. Saying 117
15. OjjJjLi Aj .
16. 369 ! JyHdt .
17. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 369
18.67/207/78 :
19. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 207, no. 67
545
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395 - 2LUi
395. AMBITION
1805 - jAp
1805. THE VIRTUE OF HIGH AMBITION
c l ^ oi . dTj up aui y.*? 4^ Jj— ^ .6387
, 1 ^ , .. 1 . -j Oj^JJ
6387. The Prophet (SAW A) said, ’Allah Almighty loves the highest and
the most dignified of things and hates inferior things.’ 2
3. £ jji j* jAy jaS : fsLJi Up yu fiui .6388
6388. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The worth of a man is according to the extent
of his ambition.’ 4
5. Axij ouiip oijA jj> \ ^aui Up yip f^V' -6389
6389. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’He whose ambition is lofty his value is
heightened.’ 6
o3Lg-ioi 24lui \ ~ s.LpjJi (3 ~ up yjji*Ji ^iui .6390
2, Ufeblpl .UA ... 1 4 h ■" ’ ' oSlodl C 1 g h -V ? '
6390. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS), in a supplication, said, I ask You for
the most fair witnessing, and the most active of worship ... and the highest
ambition.’ 8
9. UAl : fbLJ! Up JiLJl \\jH\ .6391
6391. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’There is no dignity like great ambition.’
10
Notes
1.43021 : Jiui u.
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 43021
3. 47 iUJ-i : ip">U' ■
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 47
5. 8320 : j> .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 8320
7.199 5-lpjJl , 4*^144 4jL>t 1' .
8. al-Sahifa al-Sajjadiyya, p. 439, no. 199
9.1 / 165/78
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 165, no. 1
546
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1806 - aiii p oiy
1806. THE BENEFITS OF HIGH AMBITION
\ aiii jlp juiy sbfy yAi : yLdi ^ yp yyli .6392
6392. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Tolerance and sobriety are twins, and high
ambition produces them.’ 2
3. 2iii jlp Up : rsLJi aJp p yy .6393
6393. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Generosity is the product of high ambition.’ 4
5. aiii p p IP p±\ p]\ : fbLJi Adp p .6394
6394. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Good action is a sign of high ambition.’ 6
2, jjSvj ydi " yddi aJp yp /ia) .6395
6395. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Worries are proportionate to the extent of
one's ambition.' 8
9. p=\ jji yp ; yLJi aJp yp .6396
6396. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Enthusiasm is proportionate to the extent of
one's ambition.' 10
jAy : yLJi aGp p yy .6397
6397. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The bravery of a man is proportionate to his
ambition. 12
13. aUi -ul yui ]p yudd : aGp jiUi .6398
6398. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Attract the dignity of dismay with far
ambition.' 14
Notes
1. 460 idG-i
2. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 460
3. 1477 : j> •
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1477
5. 1388 : r<di
6. Ibid. no. 1388
7. 4277 ! yj-i jA ■
8. Ibid. no. 4277
9. 1674 ! yj-t jJ- .
10. Ibid. no. 1674
11. 5763 : yd-i j/ .
12. Ibid. no. 78505763,
13. 1 / 164 / 78: j\p\ M.
14. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 10, no. 1
547
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1807 - kk
1807. LOW AMBITION
*. oik aS? p : rsLJi Up p .6399
6399. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who has low ambition, his virtue ceases.' 2
^s- jjj-ikii j_o>- AjLfi aJip '^p- .6400
6400. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He whose ambition is short, he will envy a
friend in his blessings.' 4
5. t*. s : rsLJi AdP p .6401
6401. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A disgraceful person has no ambition.’ 6
a^JjI ila p- jjAA aJp -6402
. C-AJ'-A’J IaTAI aJSj c
6402. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'There are three things that hinder a
person from seeking the lofty: low ambition, few stratagems, and weak
opinion.' 8
Notes
1.8019 :
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 8019
3. 9256 : r<^i .
4. Ibid. no. 9256
5. 67 / 10 / 78 : .
6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 10, no. 67
7. 3 1 8 : J .
8. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 318
548
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1808 - cilSV
1808. HE WHOSE SOLE CONCERN IS HIS STOMACH
*. 41S4 b> AXiJ Cj [S' l ikl tSfi CU>IS" \ aJTj aJlP 4)1 4)1 .6403
6403. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'He whose sole concern is his food, his
worth is [equivalent] to that which he eats.' 2
cUlS"" c AlU JA-d A CUjIS"" ry> \ I a4p ^L*5l! .6404
3 i-
6404. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He whose sole concern is what enters his
stomach, his worth is [equivalent to] what comes out of it.' 4
5! ^)3 aS*? jjt jju juqf b> : fsLJi Up .6405
6405. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'How far away is goodness from he whose
sole concern is his stomach and private parts.’ 6
•64 <— a ! JAsh (jlui)
(See also: FOOD: section 64)
Notes
1. 48 / 1 ! A ;_A ' .
2. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 1, p. 48
3. 8830 : j> .
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 8830
5. 9642 : (AAl j> .
6. Ibid. no. 9642
549
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396 - csjli
396. THE DESIRE
1809 -
1809. DESIRE IS A WORSHIPPED GOD
^lp ^lp a1v?Ij ol^A Ajf) jj£\ y*
^ Alii .4x3 y* Aj.4^3 OjlAp
“Have you seen him who has taken his desire to be his god and whom
Allah has led astray knowingly, and set a seal upon his hearing and his
heart, and drawn a blind on his sight? So who will guide him after Allah?
Will you not then take admonition ?” 2
awI Oj-2 y* d) (j-* ^LAJI cA- L. , aJTj aJp aw! aw! .6406
, ‘ Aiil -TAP -) h P '
6406. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'There is no god worshipped beneath
the shadow of the sky other than Allah, considered worse by Allah than a
desire pursued.' 4
5. lyj. ^ss3i t Hi <jjk\ : rbLJi aJp ^Ip .6407
6407. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The desire is a worshipped god, and the
intellect is a praiseworthy friend.’ 6
7. Ip ^aIAI : rbLJ! a4p ^Lp fL.^1! .6408
6408. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'An ignorant person is a worshipper of his
desires.' 8
Notes
1. 23 ! AoU-i .
2. Quran 45: 23
3. 261 / 6 : jyA\ JjJI .
4. al-Durr al-Manthur, v. 2, p. 261
5.2218 c 2217 : J>.
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2217-2218
7. 449 : pAJ-l j> .
8. Ibid. no. 449
550
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1810 -
1810. WARNING AGAINST FOLLOWING DESIRE
1 . ^>-Lv2j j aj *y Lc| . aJTj yp aui y*? Jj— ^ >6409
6409. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Desires (hawa) have been called thus
because they overthrow (yahwi) the one who possesses them.’ 2
, & , , * ^
^ ^ A 1 i 0] ■ aJ Ij aOp .uil .ujI .6410
“As > j jv4®
3
6410. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Satan said, 'I have destroyed them with
sins and they have destroyed me with their seeking for forgiveness from
Allah, so when I saw this, I destroyed them with their own desire, so they
think that they are guided and they do not seek forgiveness.' 4
... c *. 0 0 5.I^a1 f-O Lc[ | aOp yp .6411
5
6411. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The onset of calamities is when desires are
followed, laws are innovated...' 6
: - jis uiyfj jp u - fSLJi Adp yp yy .6412
7.
6412. Imam Ali (AS), when asked about the most conquering and
strongest of rulers, said, 'The desire.' 8
cJa jiDi 01 j i oj isy cJa 'aSli oi : yLJi a4p yp y.y .6413
2, o lyoJli (epOftd-)
6413. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Heaven is encircled by sufferings and
troubles and Hell is encircled with desires.' 10
ll. ^issJJJ I : yLJi aOp yp yy .6414
6414. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Pleasure deters [from Allah and the
hereafter].' 12
13. ihu u oiry oilk y y : yLJi aOp yp yy .6415
6415. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'It is seldom that he who is seduced by
pleasures is not destroyed by them.' 14
Notes
1.401/115/1
2. Sunan al-Darimi, p. 407
3. 13/87 / 1 :
4. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 1, p. 87, no. 13
551
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5. 50 «M-\ : .
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 50
7. 6 / 76 / 70 : M .
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 70, p. 76, no. 6
9. 176 sJaAt : .
10. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 176
11. 27 ! jJ- .
12. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 27
13. 6813 : j>.
14. Ibid. no. 6813
552
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1811 - tSjii p'
1811. THE EFFECTS OF YIELDING TO ONE'S DESIRES
*. lyt a5i! JP p LSpj JP (J-f p> pip' pili yp p"! Jj)
“Rather the wrongdoers follow their own desires without any
knowledge. So who will guide those whom Allah has led astray ? They will
have no helpers. ” 2
, iy>- apL^j 1 ^ J y)^ aw! a^i Jy-j .6416
6416. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Many a desire of one moment brings
about long-lasting grief.' 4
y[ ^p-\j c£p! Oti $ Ablo?tP aJp yp *Lpl >6417
LJ-p ip-hh ij JbCaJl py
6417. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'I advise you to keep away from desires, for
desires instigate blindness, and it is straying both in the Hereafter and in this
world.' 6
7. Ahj-i tip' ! Ji aJp yip py .6418
6418. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The desire is the partner of blindness.' 8
, t diij c t sps pji ^p i ppji pp yp .6419
6419. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who follows his desires, it blinds him,
deafens him, humiliates him, and leads him astray.' 10
11 . pip bp-Tj t p> spin jjt : pLJi aP yu py .6420
6420. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The beginning of desire is [heralded] by joy,
and its end by ruin.' 12
ipji-b ob $ ^sjys yp cnpin aJpj yp) * aJp yp .6421
13 . aSsIa pjlij t aSCU
6421. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Beware of having desires overcome your
hearts, for their beginning is an enslavement and their end is ruin.' 14
15 . J-a*n Jp*-* ‘ pp spin yp ; pL~Ji aJp yip py .6422
6422. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The associate of the desire has a sick soul and
an ill intellect.' 16
17. jp-p Jit spin ip ! pPi aJp yip py .6423
6423. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The slave of his own desire is more
1 8
humiliated than an owned slave.'
IJ! jp cip jw i j-ap p” \ p_p aJp yp 1 .6424
6424. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'How many an imprisoned intellect is under
20
the power of a commanding desire!'
553
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ail j Uuj *ii4 ^5 : a^p .6425
21
6425. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who obeys his self in its desires has aided
99
in its destruction.'
23. % &\ iijjf ill Soft ^ Up yp .6426
6426. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who takes pleasure in acts of disobedience
24
to Allah, Allah will strike him with humiliation.'
jJi i djjjJ ur : fSLJi aUp /sauu .6427
“5, t ^ jL>7b U-'-U
6427. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Be on your guard against your desires as
you guard against your enemies, for there is nothing worse as an enemy to
men than following their desires and the consequences of their tongues [i.e.
speech].’ 26
Notes
1. 29 : fjA .
2. Quran 30: 29
3. 3 / 82 / 77 : .
4. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 77, p. 82, no. 3
5. 350 / 2 : (OLAI qipp .
6. Daa’im al-Islam, v. 2, p. 350
7.31 .
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 31
9.9168 : <£J-\ j>.
10. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 9168
11. 3133 ! (UU-I jJ- .
12. Ibid. no. 3133
13. 2746 : (vSU-t j> .
14. Ibid. no. 2746
15. 6790 : r<Ai .
16. Ibid. no. 2790
17. 6298 : (UU-t j> .
18. Ibid. no. 6298
19. 211 : 4p*>ui jU .
20. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 211
21.8794 : rai,>.
22. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 8794
23. 8 8 23 : r<Ai .
24. Ibid. no. 8823
25. 1 / 3 3 5 / 2 : jisdi .
26. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 335, no. 1
554
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555
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1812 - tSjil laJUst
1812. OPPOSING ONE'S DESIRES
*. £5* USU OLs * ^jp LS^J Uj l51j)
“But as for him who is awed to stand before his Lord and forbids the
soul from [following] desire, his refuge will indeed be paradise 2
jl gjj.:.U5f | ^SLJl y> *5)' JapJ L-i ! <jl^3l .6428
.ii-LP Lj U ^ /!■ j'jSj c CpULj^.1 l "jU ^ it.!' ^jp UU—aj j UsL c L J&V • -■•-" S^j L-*glp
3. Ia^aU
6428. It is narrated in al-Kafi: From what Allah advised Jesus (AS): 'O
Jesus, do not wake up disobedient and do not regain consciousness
[engaged] in amusement. Wean yourself away from destructive desires, and
abandon every passion that distances you from Me.’ 4
■ o-AaL^- [f j : fsLJi Up yp fL.y\ .6429
6429. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The peak of reason is to combat desires.' 6
7. <jji\ ^p £o) : rsui Up yp fiAb .6430
6430. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Prohibiting one's self from desire is the
greater struggle (jihad).
, 8
ar.i* S3.U-
c .. UJl*3 (_£jkl i_JIp ■ aJp £j!p .6431
Jj U>-J c
9. Sjip jiiJI
6431. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Conquer desire the way you would overcome
an opponent, and fight it the way you would fight an enemy.' 10
IjJaU-j c LajJl*j cpI^LUI Uy ^ Jlp IjJIp , ^SUUl aJp ^Lp .6432
11 . Iaj^ (vS'pljAl
6432. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Conquer your selves through abandoning
habits and you will overcome them, and combat your desires and you will
control them.' 12
o) IaU ojji ij. g . - Jl c. dip , ^SUUl aJp ^Lp .6433
L^jUjUU lsLp j-lU Ij ^UkSLdUlj UUSCU
6433. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Take over the desire before it becomes
ravenously strong, for if it is empowered it will control you and lead you,
and you will not be able to resist it.' 15
16. jj^ln j itjji : fsLJi aJp ^1p .6434
6434. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Maturity lies in opposing desires.' 17
jUs'a ij ■ - " j*sLUi aJp jcuui >6435
axAI (3 (Jjl -Up , uIp -Up -AsX .
556
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6435. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when asked, 'Where does the path to comfort
lie? replied, 'In opposing desire.' 19
\ « 7 "j* lil ! 4-lf- ^L*5ll .6436
\ > jL A ll ots i 4jjJL>t3 iilyss Lo-^jI c
6436. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, 'When two things come your way and
you do not know which one is good and correct, then look at which one of
them is closer to your desire and then oppose it, for most good is found in
opposing your desires.' 22
(See also: JIHAD (2) 77)
. «(2) 77 0 (7^0
Notes
1.41 t 40 : ou-jui.
2. Quran 80: 40-41
3. 103/ 136/8 : jisdi.
4. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 136, no. 103
5. 5263 : jA .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 5263
7. 5393 : j> .
8. Ibid. no. 5393
9. 6421 : (vAJ-l j> .
10. Ibid. no. 6421
11. 6418 : j>.
12. Ibid. no. 6418
13. L oIaiJI L* <. ^ #
14. 6444 : pAJ-i j> .
15. Ibid. no. 6444
16. 87 / 53 / 78 : jU .
17. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 53, no. 87
18. 370 : Jyuii .
19. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 370
20. j ■ * - ^ 4 y^°l>b y G5~) , dy (jd , Q) ■
21. 398 ! .
22. Ibid. p. 398
557
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1813 - LSyh Hi-
1813. OVERPOWERING DESIRE
jjjj h! ... S'^r3 Cij^3 ■ JjA ■ ^Jp H ls^5 H Jj— .6437
4jJl ij t Lt£ dU cAkjXj t 0E0 ^Jp C OyX 4^1 p CPXCX hi) ^lp oi^A .Op
i , iJ Oj-is L* 5f)
6437. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Allah Almighty said, 'By My Might
and Exaltedness... no sooner does a servant prefer his own desire over My
desire than I disperse his affairs, disturb his life with his world, occupy his
heart with it, and do not give him thereof other than what I have allotted for
him.' 2
-dyA a ^js*" ^1p ^LA ■ -d 3 Ap .6438
3. pjsJi aALo;
6438. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'It is forbidden for every heart that is
ruled by desires to have piety reside therein.' 4
jjjsi ji ^iSj^ vA ",}f fLA ■ “dTj aJp aui *i>i J y^j .6439
6439. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'It is forbidden for every heart that is
full of desires to journey through the realms of the Heavens.' 7
x. 4^p oijE [Sjji aAs- yp .6440
6440. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He whose desire becomes strong, his
determination weakens.' 9
£4x0 jl Jj-A* jAs- ^jS" Jp (*LA ■ (*5EAl aJp £1p .6441
10.
6441. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'It is forbidden for every intellect that is
shackled by desires to benefit from wisdom.' 11
12. EUp lx ii 1 4j>i dUi } ^ : rsLJi aEp ^p fL.^1 .6442
6442. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who cannot control his desire cannot
control his intellect.' 13
Notes
1. 2 / 335 / 2 : jl<ji .
2. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 335, no. 2
3. 122 / 2 ! AlA' 4^ .
4. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 122
5. 4j dy . dA «lsA ^ 4$ '45" .
6. 122 / 2 ! AlA' 4^4- •
7. Ibid. v. 2, p. 122
558
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8. 7959 : j> .
9. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 7959
10. 4902 : rai .
1 1. Ibid. no. 4902
12. 8995 : > .
13. Ibid. no. 8995
559
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1814 - eJS' jAOl
1814. THE MOST COURAGEOUS OF PEOPLE IS HE
WHO OVERCOMES HIS DESIRES
, ^u2j Adt*d ^dp .6443
6443. Solomon (AS) said, 'Someone who prevails over his desires is
stronger than he who captures a city by himself.' 2
, Adp jjAJi i , aJTj Ap (Ja*j .6444
6444. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The most courageous of people is he
who overcomes his desires.' 4
c c4p dj-LJdl 0) . dij aAp ^ ^ .6445
, *U^J2J ^Ip C-dp /j-A -tjAiiJl
6445. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’A strong person is not one who
overcomes people, but a strong person is one who overcomes his own self.' 6
.1014 i_a ■ ‘tpdAdi (jiiji)
(See also: COURAGE: section 1014)
Notes
1. 60 / 1 . A ; jA ' .
2. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 1, p. 60
3.1/195:^1 $i~.
4. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 195, no. 1
5. 10 / 2 : SA-
6. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 10
560
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1815 - Jl
1815. THAT WHICH WEAKENS CARNAL DESIRES
1 JS~b! | ... a] (jLiii iijLJ <uil aJp y* A) ! >6446
' , 2Alb dAjcLAA • 4^
6446. It is narrated in al-Kafi?: 'Allah Almighty revealed unto Prophet
Moses (AS), 'Remember that you will be residing in a grave, and that will
prevent you from a lot of carnal desires.' 2
, ^ - 2 I , * - . . v? aASIAI A4S"" , a4p yp^ .6447
6447. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The more wisdom is strengthened, carnal
desire is weakened.' 4
5. oldish oi*£-i aIsp yi'y aAp yip y)ii .6448
6448. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’He whose intellect is complete finds carnal
desires insignificant.’ 6
iud 2j aIxIi aJp yp .6449
6449. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Chastity weakens carnal desire.’ 8
9. aJI^A aJp c-JLa aAAJ aJp c-AJS" ^ aJp yip- ^L«5l! .6450
6450. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He whose own self is dear to him, his carnal
desires become insignificant for him.' 10
i _ j,
j£i£ji i cj slp - &\ \f£[i aAp yu yyi .6451
ajIj^A -CajJl t ... llli
6451. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'So have piety in Allah - servants of Allah -
with a piety that has a conscience, and a heart occupied with thought.... and
asceticism that has cleaved his desires.' 13
^ ■* " ll 5C* aaAI y) t3CAl 0a :rsLJi aAp yp yyi .6452
6452. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who longs for Heaven will forget desires.'
15
Notes
1. 8 / 46 ^ j 42 / 8 : jL<Ji .
2. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 4246,, no. 8
3. 7205 : r<Al .
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 7205
5. 8226 : (AC-t j> .
6. Ibid. no. 8226
7.2148 : r<Ai j>.
8. Ibid. no. 2148
9. 449 ! 2lP*>U' .
10. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 449
561
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11. 159/ 3 ! * aXi=») .
12. 83 sjai-t ! ip">Ul 0® .
13. Ibid. Sermon 83
14. 31 ! ii-bUl 0js _
15. Ibid. Saying 31
562
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1816 - C-Jp j*
1816. HE WHO OVERCOMES HIS DESIRES
Cij^3 ■ ^ JjA ■ ^Jp ^ Jj—’j .6453
C Aijj uA®)5fly LlhjL>AJl cAj iSj t 4'.'h ar^cA o!j^ yp
4^_pij (^5?J <Uj1j c rp iy* ^ Cp^Sj
6453. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Allah Almighty said, 'By My Might
and Exaltedness... no sooner does a servant prefer My desire over his own
desire than I protect him with My angels, and charge the heavens and the
earth with his sustenance. I will be for him behind every transaction of every
trader, and the world will only come to him forcefully.' 2
yl4j jzZlie-j ^ aJp JilJl .6454
oLp hf) LJ-dl j*\ ^y> (3 i_jA c£|y* y*j3 -Ap ^ 1 ^gP-LaJ^l jppj
y" ijU t\jj iJ c-aSy l aSJj oljL«2Jl
t 4j
<irT
. > "tf,.
j 4I^J
a^Jl) ^
■
6454. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Allah Almighty has said, 'By My Might
and Exaltedness, My Greatness and Loftiness, and by My High Status, no
sooner does a servant prefer My desire over his own desire than I will
suffice him in his losses, I will guarantee his sustenance upon the Heavens
and the earth, and I will be for him behind every transaction of every trader.'
4
5. iiip y£> 4J54A cip y \ aJp yip yy -6455
6455. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Whoever overcomes his carnal desire his
intellect will become manifest.' 6
7 , <_jIp y” ji- o-isJi s^4jJi gjip ; aJp y p yy .6456
6456. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'In controlling desire there is immunity from
every deficiency.' 8
9. il lit i Ajulj 1 1 i j^lsi a3p yp yy .6457
6457. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Repelling one's desire is the best way to
eradicate it, and fulfilling it only strengthens it.' 10
Notes
l. 2 / 335 / 2 : jl<ji .
2. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 335, no. 2
3.2/ 137/2 : jisdi.
4. Ibid. v. 2, p. 137, no. 1
5. 7953 : j> .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 7953
7. 4354 : pSG-t .
563
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8. Ibid. no. 4354
9. 5390 : .
10. Ibid. no. 5390
564
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397-d^l
397. INHERITANCE
1817 - ^
1817. INHERITANCE
“Allah enjoins you concerning your children: for the male shall be the
like of the share of two females, and if there be [two or] more than two
females, then for them shall be two-thirds of what he leaves; but if she be
alone, then for her shall be a half; and for each of his parents a sixth of
what he leaves, if he has children. ” 2
16 ! 6 ! 176 <■ 127 < 33 <. 32 < 12 - 7 ! (t^)
.19 !
(See also: Quran: 4:7-12,32,33,127,176, 19:6, 27:16, 89:19)
jju jii\ jikpi aL jp fxL id - .6458
^lp 21A Ldy 7 AjJLjti^J aJLaj Sj Lgdp 0[! ”
6458. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when he was asked about giving the male the
share of two females, said, 'The woman does not have to go for prescribed
war (jihad), nor spend money [for household expenses], nor pay blood
money, whereas these are compulsory on the man.' 5
L« jL4!i jUapi aL : - UJ - i>%j\ aJp u.71 iL.71 .6459
j[ jSTJl JLp (j j5[ t L. jlkpj -j 2pj
6459. Imam al-Rida (AS), when he was asked about giving the male the
share of two females, said, 'The reason why women are given half of what
men are given from the inheritance is because when a woman marries she
receives [the mahr dowry] and the man gives. Therefore it [i.e. the
inheritance] is a greater amount for men. Another reason for giving the male
the share of two females is because the female is under the responsibility of
the male when she is in need, and he has to support her and provide for her
565
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expenses. The female does not have to support the male, nor is it taken from
her expenses when he is in need. So because of this, Allah Almighty has
saved this for the man, and this is according to Allah's verse: “Men are the
managers of women, because of the advantage Allah has granted some of
them over others, and by virtue of their spending out of their wealth. ” 8
Notes
1. 11 : .
2. Quran 4 1 1 1
(j iisit jy^j ^ . (287 / 3 : AjifJi) ajjJi : siiUJi) .
4. 3 / 85 / 7 : jisdt .
5. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 85, no. 3
6. 34 : 4~Ji .
7. 1 / 98 / 2 : u>A jL»4 .
8. Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (AS), v. 2, p. 98, no. 1
566
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1818 -
1818. THOSE WHO ARE DEPRIVED OF INHERITANCE
JjLUJ 4J1P .Uil ( ^ >6460
6460. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'There is no inheritance for a murderer
[of the deceased].' 2
2 . ajjjj h/j ajjj hj -dj , aJTj aAp aui .6461
6461. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'An illegitimate child neither inherits
nor is inherited.' 4
jslSOlj t A4U fT4' : fbLJl Up (JilUll flAh .6462
5-
6462. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’The Muslim can prevent access to the
disbeliever [from inheriting him] though he can inherit him, but the
disbeliever cannot prevent the believer from access to his inheritance and
nor can he inherit from him.’ 6
Notes
1.5/ 141 / 7 : jisdt.
2. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 141, no. 5
3. 30447 : Jtuii jA .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 30447
5.5/ 143/7 : jisdi.
6. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 143, no. 5
567
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1819 - djj!
1819. INHERITANCE OF PROPHETS
I.La o[ ALIp L^jI t Jlij SJIS OL^dA
\ (i^di ji
“ Solomon inherited from David, and he said, '() people! We have been
taught the speech of the birds, and we have been given out of everything.
Indeed this is a manifest advantage. ” 2
^f-3 l 0 *'Qj £ y> J p cAlS} <sJ^r jjj)
trfJ VJ
“Indeed I fear my kinsmen, after me, and my wife is barren. So grant
me from Yourself an heir who may inherit from me and inherit from the
House of Jacob, and make him, my Lord, pleasing [to You]!” 4
Ji L^J_p ol a* \s\\ i6463
<ulp ^JlP l xj» t 4dljy» L- — gX>-^ L
L«j ^aSjJ/2 oLlS^J L» c , aJTj aJ>p 3 3^ ■ 3^
■ 3Uj t (Sjb l aJ_p yp 3^ t 3j-*5
) Ji ijij yP/-)
,|i-Lpl L* .(Jjtj <Aj Ca t ^JSs , 3^
^ L ^ , ’LS” I-La , aAp ^Lp JLa3
6463. al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, narrating from Ja’far: 'Fatima (AS) came to
Abu Bakr asking for her inheritance, and Abbas b. Abd al-Mutalib also
asked for his inheritance and Ali (AS) came with them. Abu Bakr said, 'The
Prophet (SAWA) said, 'We do not leave inheritance; whatever we leave is
charity', so whoever the Prophet was responsible for in their livelihood, I am
responsible for.' Ali (AS) said, '“ Solomon inherited from David”, and
Zacharias said, '“who may inherit from me and inherit from the House of
Jacob.” Abu Bakr said, 'That is right, but by Allah you know the same as
what I know.' Then Ali said, 'This is the Book of Allah talking. So they [Ali,
Fatima and Abbas] kept quiet and left.' 6
Notes
1. 16 : J-Ji .
2. Quran 27l6i
3. 6 t 5 : f.jA .
4. Quran 195, 6i
5. 315 / 2 : oUJdi .
568
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6. al-Tabaqat al-Kubra, v. 2, p. 315
569
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398 - 0\
398. PIETY
1820 - £>jJi
1820. THE VIRTUE OF PIETY
*. ^jjJi eU-V' u^3 L 4-ip i_?b^ 4^ .6464
6464. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'For everything there is a basis, and the
basis of faith is piety.'
" . ^ j yjA-tl , aJTj a_1p ail |_jU^ ail .6465
6465. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The criterion of religion is piety.' 4
” . I ^J-3^1 ■ alTj a! p ail (_jU‘2 ail .6466
6466. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The best act in your religion is piety.' 6
7. £$ i ^ ^t : fsLJi aIp ^Lp fi-vi .6467
6467. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There is no stronghold better than piety.' 8
9. I : rsLJi Adp ^Lp fi-vi .6468
6468. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Piety is a shield.' 10
aJLS 13- i jj** , ^bUl aIp ^Jlp ^L.'yi .6469
oy>S \j LjjJ^I 3 Aj iil*l~4 I A a '
6469. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who loves us should do as we do, and
seek assistance in piety; for it is the best assistance in matters of this world
and the Hereafter.’ 12
13. fcp i sSL^ji lit 5i : fWJi aJp jiUi .6470
6470. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'The hardest of worship is piety.' 14
c aAjYa (_£li! yj-dl aj1 t ^33lp , ^bUl aIp 3^1^11 .6471
' 3 , LJljj yjt o-byj c Aj aSiI
6471. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'You must have piety; for it is the
religion that we adhere to, and with which we devote ourselves to Allah, and
we require it from those who accept our guardianship.' 1
a! (j lillS" - ;ui/' ih - i* iyi ; ^sni aIp 3^i^ti ^1511 .6472
^7, ac. P)jl Jj>-I j .,Wl HIS 3 illSy . ilj-qjj jl ddl al.
6472. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'He who lives in a place with a
population of one hundred thousand or more and there is in that place
someone more pious than him, then he is not [considered] one of us.' 18
Notes
1.7284 : juai yT .
570
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2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 7284
3. 7300 : Ju-Jt .
4. Ibid. no. 7300
5.18/304/70:^1 jU.
6. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 70, p. 304, no. 1 8
7. 371 .
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 371
9. 4 .
10. Ibid. Saying 4
n.30/306/70 :
12. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 7, p. 306, no. 30
13. 5 / 77 / 2 : jisai .
14. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 77, no. 5
15.544/281 : Ji^i.
16. Amali al-Tusi, p. 281. no. 544
17. 10/78/2 : ji^i.
18. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 78, no. 10
571
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1821 - ojs
1821. THE FRUIT OF PIETY
*. ~°y* ' aJp y. s- .6473
6473. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The fruit of piety is the goodness of one's self
and one's religion.' 2
3. ^uai ytfjji jp \yy : rsLJi Up *Jlp .6474
6474. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Piety prevents from committing prohibited
acts.' 4
5. aJp yp ^L«Sh .6475
6475. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Abstaining [from sins] is the foundation of
piety.’ 6
1 • y5 yp~ ^ aJp yp .6476
6476. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Knowledge cannot be developed and purified
without piety.' 8
\ ijij) i aAp .6477
6477. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Fear Allah and safeguard your faith with
Notes
t. 4636 : pAJ-i j> .
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4636
3. 1436 ! (4^4 jA .
4. Ibid. no. 1436
5.1107 : r<il j>.
6. Ibid. no. 1106
7. 10689 : (.SUt j> .
8. Ibid. no. 10689
9. 2 / 76 / 2 : jisdi .
10. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 76, no. 2
572
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1822 - J j '3*
1822. THE ROLE OF PIETY IN WORSHIP
u s uauj j ^ A-it- ^Lp .6478
6478. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There is no good in any deed that is devoid of
piety.’ 2
cUo Aail 1311 t oSLodl /l hi ^jjjl ! Up .6479
’ , h A*_oi uduJl *Ja. ail 13) US' ^ AjljjJl
6479. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, ’Piety is the structure of worship,
and if it is cut, religion will collapse just like when a wire is cut the system
follows it!’ 4
\ U i-U h! ! Up *6480
6480. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Diligence is of no use without piety.’ 6
(_£jjLu , - A’'"1' u jLr*-*) j _ Up js^uu *6481
U hi £_U ^ ^ ^ c ^L^x^-hhy ^
6481. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), in his will to Amr b. Said, said, ’I advise you
to be wary of your duty to Allah, to have piety and diligence, and know that
diligence that is devoid of piety is of no benefit.’ 8
Notes
1.9/65 / 1 : ^iA.
2. al-Mahasin, v. 1, p. 65, no. 9
3. 88 / 2 ! 4~a .
4. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 88
5. 4 / 77 / 2 : jisdi .
6. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 77, no. 4
7. 1 / 296 / 70 : jiySi .
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 70, p. 296, no. 1
573
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1823 - £33^'
1823. INTERPRETATION OF PIETY
o:>jj aJ ^ 4 ■ ^1? 4^ Jj—’j .6482
AljtAjLSlj ^Jl (J? Alii a3L^ 23143 C aLq_P jSL^J Alii ll*J {i Lt£ yj- 13) g,L*J Alii
^ t ^ p- ^-lljl ., 0j\\ .lAP (J-Utllj C^Gtilj yLa}\ 3? .lL*2^3h/lj c
6482. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Piety is the master of action. He who
does not have piety to prevent him from an act of disobedience to Allah
Almighty when left with it, Allah will not care about any of his other
actions. This means that it [piety] is fear of Allah, both in secret and in
public, economizing both in poverty and wealth, and fairness both in [times
of] contentment and discontentment.’ 2
3. c\j-\ ^ pi, t fpi aP <q^\ pt : pji aJp \\sj\ .6483
6483. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The root of piety is keeping away from sins,
and restraining oneself from the forbidden.’ 4
5. 2_pji jlp pjSjji pj^Ji : pji aJp ^Lp \\Ji\ .6484
6484. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Piety is stopping [in the face of] obscure
matters.’ 6
■ ” ,_yhJl (j_rj ^ a4p ^L^l .6485
7 ■ ^ u*
6485. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when he was asked about a pious person,
said, ’He who restrains himself from what Allah has forbidden.’ 8
: - UJ - pji aJp yp ^i .6486
4, ijjXj')! jA sj ^l^Ll j cpLjkiJl jjil ^ lijj t
6486. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) also said, ’He who restrains himself from what
Allah has forbidden, and keeps away from them. And if he does not beware
of obscure matters, he will fall into the forbidden without knowing so.’ 10
Notes
1.7299 : Jti-Ji >r.
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 7299
3. 3097 : r<Ai .
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3097
5.2161 : ^J~\ j>.
6. Ibid. no. 2161
7. 8 / 77 / 2 : jisdi .
8. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 77, no. 8
9.15/303/70 \j\/i \M.
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 70, p. 303, no. 15
574
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575
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1824 - j&\
1824. THE MOST PIOUS OF PEOPLE
1. t ^st l : jp <Sii Jii : rWJi Up jiui .6487
1 ■ 4-Up
6487. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’Allah Almighty has said, ’O son of
Adam, refrain from what I have forbidden to you and you will be the most
pious of people.’ 2
2. jjSeT Aill Cjs' ‘~s^ ■ aJp 4^ Jy-*j .6488
6488. The Prophet (SAW A) said, ’Stop in the face of things that Allah
has forbidden and you will be the most pious of people.’ 4
5, i_JUah jv4-*j h aJp ^js- .6489
6489. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The most pious of people is the most free of
wants.’ 6
\ : rsLJi Up ^Lp \\sj\ .6490
6490. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The smartest from among you is the most
8
pious of you.’
Notes
t.7/77/2 : ^i.
2. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 77, no. 7
3. 4 / 368 / 69 : .
4. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 69, p. 368, no. 4
5. 3368 : (4^-t jA .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3368
7. 2839 : jvSd-i j> .
8. Ibid. no. 2839
576
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399 - \
399. THE SCALE
1825 - feSjA
1825. SCALES OF DEEDS
\yA C. gU J ^ o 1 ll \yA C— Lgj 1 djO^J Oj)^ )
' ^ LOLL lylS” Lc ,0^-UOJl IjJ— -U Jjj-Ul eJjdjll
“The weighing [of deeds] on that Day is a truth. As for those whose
deeds weigh heavy in the scales - it is they who are the felicitous. As for
those whose deeds weigh light in the scales, - it is they who have ruined
their souls, because they used to wrong Our signs. ” 2
.11 - 6 ! apjLoJIj 103 ( 102 ! 105 ! (jii ji)
(See also: Quran: 18:105, 23:102, 103, 101:6-11)
-Up , - 4-.LJLS! awI c3 ” d lj aOp awI 3 .6491
2j3-' aI* oji 3 Lai. ojjp ,*4-U Cx^ 4 jt^LapI Or* 213) L» jliili 0)}J»l
3
6491. The Prophet (SAW A) narrated, 'Allah will say to Adam on the Day
of Resurrection: 'Stand at the scale and see what is shown to you from their
works. He whose good deeds outweigh his bad deeds even by one atom's
worth, he will go to Heaven.' 4
\y j dJoruAh JjJ js- M jil aSji oi : Up jslji .6492
' , aOLOJI \ f- (3 <u0>*S"" LJ-dl olOu .jp Oil 0)y . aOL-OI ^jj
6492. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Allah has made the good heavy for the
dwellers of this world just like the heaviness of their weight on their scales
on the Day of Judgment, and Allah has lightened the weight of evil on the
dwellers of this world just as the lightness of their weight on their scales on
the Day of Judgment.' 6
^)jO— « ^p Jl aJp aWI -Up LI (JL> ^OJl ’ (j-» ! jrUuphh .6493
uuJ JUpSh 01 c S : <ulp jli ^jLpSfl OjjJ 0r^3' ■■■ ■ 01 ly^
.£^2* cL)lj ^ l ^ Lg-Lao s_3jXo
\ aJ_P 3^ ^ (jljAl ■ 3^
577
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aLoP ' ^6^*3^ aJp 3^ ? ( .UjJ 1 ^J_aj ! AjllS"" ^5 objti L>3 !
6493. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when an atheist asked him, 'Are deeds not
weighed?' replied, 'No. Deeds are not bodies [themselves], but descriptions
of what has been done. Only one who is ignorant of things or does not know
their weight or lightness would need to weigh, and verily nothing is hidden
from Allah.' And he asked, 'So what is the meaning of the scale?' He said,
'Justice.' He said, 'So what does it mean in His Book: “ As for those whose
deeds weigh heavy ”?' He (AS) replied, 'He whose [good] deeds outnumber.'
8
Notes
1. 9 c 8 : oiyAi .
2. Quran 78,9 !
3. 39768 ! Jttdi y s' .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 39768
5. 10/ 143/2 : ji^i.
6. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 143, no. 10
7 . Jy***SO (3 oL^ji L* -tot AjijjJi ! Jis . 223 / 247j 212/2 !
di a4p L« ,^_a Lclj^ , a4p aJ^S Lg-si L« ]g M *•
c A* «,<2 *J»'j AplifiJl ,jv_J L^STfL-JIt L)L» *<g il A-ot^JflJl j_A oJ_A <3 <jL^p*yL
(j%Jl .4-I c^LS^4“l A^oaJl AapLjj^VI j ]g«lL Li L^-Jp A^LiaJl 1 a yg 1 1
c a^p I AL«Jl c-» 49 Ij L?«-lSsj ^ L^-ovojj Ajt^i? ^JiJL IpISj ^J<LwwJ
, , Cjytjj )& rj* o^So li. a4p 15^4- 1 Ast^J^j c ^ Ijj
^L*J (Ju^3-L 43 [ +q 71 d! ^Lx^*y AjL>t^*i aA)1 , ^Lillj c Li Ojj *)! cjLL*2 JLo-p^I C)\
16 / 8 : djyiJl jy-^J (3 LMjAl) ■ ‘LUi’) .
8. al-Ihtijaj, v. 2, p. 247, no. 223
578
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400 - ‘L.fj—
400. DEVILISH MISGIVINGS
1826 - ij
1826. MISGIVINGS IN MATTERS OF BELIEF
d 4Xl 4Xl IjJLw. , .6494
C OLP^l L.^2^ ! jLi C ^ iJl5dj 0^ ^v1 a2[ CLA-1 jdflJl J ah >K. 19 jWTJI J‘y>~
1 . 0LcN\ jl
6494. The Prophet (SAWA) - when asked about a man who experiences
something falling from the sky and being snatched by a bird is more
pleasant for him than to talk about it, said, ’That is genuine faith or true
faith.’ 2
lu 1 4j d t 4x1 ^ 1^ “dLp 4x1 ^ ^ .6495
\ j! 4~>
6495. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Allah overlooks for the people of my
community whatever their selves say to them [of misgivings] as long as they
neither utter it nor perform it.’ 4
Notes
1. ■ 1709 ! Jt4dl jA .
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 1709
3. 120 / 2 ! 4^ .
4. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 120
579
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1827 - (j I
1827. CAUTION AGAINST DOUBTS IN ABLUTION AND
PRAYERS
aHp awi-lp ^5/ ■ oh^ awi -Up i6496
!? oikAn cJaj
6496. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) - when Abdullah b. Sinan mentioned a man
troubled with doubts in his ablution and his prayers, and claimed that he was
a sane man, said, 'What kind of mind does he have if he is obeying Satan?!'
[He said] So I said to him, 'And how is he obeying Satan?' So he said, 'Ask
him this [misgiving] that he has, where does it come from?' And he shall say
to you, 'It is an act of Satan.' 2
! Jli ? JU-i SLp ulr JJJi aJp- jKi a>U ! aJ Hi t JL*j ! Jli aJp L> Sj {J~fi
.A 5^ j ,
6497. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), was asked about the extent of doubt that a
particular man was having as to how many untis of prayer he had
performed, such that he neither knew how many he had performed, nor how
many he had left. He replied, 'He should repeat if. So we asked him, 'But
this state is so excessive in him that everytime he repeats [his prayer] he
doubts again.' He said, 'Then he should continue regardless of his doubt.'
Then he said, 'Do not accustom the malignant [part] of yourselves to the
breaking of the prayer lest you arouse further greed in it, for verily Satan is
malignant and gets habituated to whatever he is made accustomed to. So
you should ignore that insinuation [and continue], and you should not break
your prayers often, and if you do this [i.e. ignore the doubt] often enough,
the doubt will not resurface.' Zurara narrated: Then he (AS) said, 'Verily the
malignant wants to be obeyed, so when it is disobeyed, it does not return to
you.
, 5
580
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Notes
1.10/ 12/ 1 : jisOi.
2. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 463, no. 2
3. 2_a !»' £.l>- .
4. 2 / 358 / 3 : 41&1 .
5. Ibid. v. 1, p. 12, no. 10
581
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1828 - i'
1828. THE TREATMENT OF DEVILISH MISGIVINGS
i
(ojJua eX; ^ qUiuJi oijA eJj
“And say, 'My Lord! I seek Your protection from the promptings of
devils; and I seek Your protection, my Lord, from their presence near
me. ” 2
y q * 4JLU * y&\ ojj. L»pf ^1)
3- (u^'i 3^-' j-? * j
“Say, 7 seek the protection of the Lord of humans, Sovereign of
humans, God of humans, from the evil of the sneaky tempter who puts
temptations into the breasts of humans, from among the jinn and
humans. ” 4
.120: 20 : ui/Ai [j&\)
(See also: Qur'an 7:20, 20:120)
i jy. y <j* qfZ \ ^»5Ujl Up ^1p .6498
6498. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Fasting for three days of every month - the
first and last Thursdays of the month, and the Wednesday in between the
two, and fasting in the month of Shaban removes the misgivings in the
breasts and the confusions of the heart.' 6
\ £LU cU)l 'f»\ bjSA : Up islUJl .6499
7 ■ y'r-Qj
6499. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Remembrance of us, the ahl al-bayt is a cure
from indisposition, ailments and misgivings of doubt.’ 8
'j : - cjy£ ojj uyyJi /jp Uj - ^suji up ijpLU' .6500
9. qs : jfi- 1 l$j
6500. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when asked about [devilish] misgivings, and
if they happen often, said, 'They are insignificant. Just say: 'There is no God
but Allah (la ilaha ilia Allah).’ 10
Notes
1. 98 j 97 : .
2. Quran 2397,98!
3. 6 - 1 : yJi .
4. Quran 1146- l!
5. 10/612 : juui.
582
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6. al-Khisal, p. 612, no. 10
7.5/203 /81 :
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 81, p. 203, no. 5
9. 1 / 424 / 2 : .
10. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 424, no. 1
583
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401 - suyid
401. Consolation
1829 - suijLi J*
1829. ENCOURAGING CONSOLATION
-Ljj lA-U>- I tjl - 3 aJ 013" , aJ Ij 4-1 p .Uil L -A? 4^1 >j .6501
'. $L#-f >5l!
6501. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'He who has two shirts should wear one
and should give the other to his brother to wear.' 2
3. j yy* tr^ '■ -uip yip .6502
6502. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The best of goodness is giving consolation to
one’s brothers.’ 4
", die ^y> bL-uis j ~vi_j . yi— Ji “uip yp ^byi .6503
6503. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Do not count as a friend one who does not
give assistance [to others] with his wealth.' 6
1 • <r?j <3 *AjJ ^ <3 oL.iy ! yLJl 4-ip yip .6504
6504. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Consolating one's brother for the sake of
Allah increases one's sustenance.' 8
9. yjyy 5L,i£ ju; 4 Ji yjss : yLJi a4p y>b^n .6505
6505. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Come closer to Allah through
supporting your brothers.' 10
CjJp i p1 Cjjpii Sy y tits' y jid-^s- ; aJp jciyii .6506
4 ob—iyij c 1^—1p ■>. - Jlj 1 4 L . oSi^l! ! J IS ? b^ L.j ! y® ! t— jJp!
6506. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'There are two traits that one should
possess, and if not then begone, begone, begone!' He was asked, 'And what
are they?' He said, 'Performing the prayers at their prescribed times and
observing all its laws, and giving consolidation [to others].' 12
ay tyip b : - y-^bdi jubi ^ >4 - yui 4-ip 4>i5di 441 .6507
jbt : ji® . j4i Jp ois'b. yyt yp : i-is[ : jis] ? j yt
jSo Si® 4-1) yil^b. -bpbj 4t-— S' 4pjl_yil -Up 4)j44 jl 4-3»-l ijlSS ylu?-'
13. j 4^t i. yp (4JS : ju c sf : Jis !? Up
6507. Imam al-Kathum (AS) said to Jafar b. Muhammad al-’Asimi, ’O
Asim, how are you at maintaing contact with each other and offering
consolidation to each other?’ [He said] I said, ’The best that anyone can be.’
He said, ’Do any of you come to your brother's shop or his home in times of
hardship and you pull out your purse for him to take whatever he needs
584
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without disapproving of him?!' He said, 'No.' Imam (AS) said, 'Then you are
not at a state of mutual assistance that I love.' 14
Notes
1. 2661 / 380 / 2 : .
2. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 2, p. 380, no. 2661
3. 3023 : j> .
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3023
5. 10276 : ^ .
6. Ibid. no. 10276
7.22/395/74 : yySi
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74, p. 395, no. 22
9. 26 / 8 : JUai-t .
10. al-Khisal, p. 8, no. 26
11. 50 / 47 : jui-i .
12. Ibid. p. 47, no. 50
13. 28 /231 /74 :
14. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74, p. 231, no. 28
585
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402 -
402. THE WILL
1830 - )i J* &~\
1830. ENCOURAGING TO MAKE A WILL
i l< . -*>u jy oijjiJl,
“ Prescribed for you, when death approaches any of you and he leaves
behind any property, is that he make a bequest for his parents and
relatives, in an honourable manner, an obligation on the Godwary. ” 2
~ 74*" ■ 4Tj a-Ip aui .6508
6508. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’The will is incumbent upon every
Muslim.’ 4
5. £j£- jj> ^j^.\ ; aJTj a As- 4)i L5iv» 4)1 .6509
6509. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’The deprived one is he who has been
deprived of [the opportunity to write] a will.’ 6
jj "ill Jj ot ,*1—4 LSy^ ■ d U aJip auI y .6510
, 'U-- (j
6510. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’A muslim must not sleep a night
without his will being beneath his head.’ 8
-Lai AjJj S jyf AJulyi -Up } ^ ^ j5Ui fi^V1 -6511
6511. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’Whoever does not leave a will for those
of his family who do not automatically inherit him, his deeds end in
disobedience [to Allah].’ 10
Notes
1. 180 : <yt)' ■
2. Quran 2180:
3. 6 / 352 / 13 : 4*-uJi Jjl.j .
4. Wasa'il al-Shia, v. 13, p. 352, no. 6
5.46051 : JUdl yf .
6. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 46051
7.3 / 194/ 103:^^.
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 103, p. 194, no. 3
9. 708 / 174 / 9 : fis^i ^ .
10. Tahdhib al-Ahkam, v. 9, p. 174, no. 708
586
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587
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1831 - 4??^ (3
1831. FORBIDDING CAUSING DAMAGES AND LOSSES
IN ONE'S WILL
aj jir ^Uaj jij ^ i Ajit- yp .6512
^ , 4j Lo- (3
6512. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who leaves a will and does not wrong or
damage is as though he gave it in charity during his lifetime.' 2
2, ^jLSOi ^y> aLajJi (j oi-Ai ; aJp yp .6513
6513. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Causing damages in one’s will is among the
grave sins.’ 4
c ALi oJjlSIj ^*2^1 aJp <3 *>' .6514
iijo CuLiJli t c^dllL) aIvSjJI
6514. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'He who leaves a will concerning the one
third has wronged his heir, and leaving a bequest of a quarter or a fifth [of
one's estate] is better than bequesting a third.' 6
Notes
t.18/62/7 : jisdi.
2. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 62, no. 18
3. 5420 / 184 / 4 ! Aiiii S .
4. al-Faqih, v. 4, p. 184, no. 5420
5.5/11/7: jisdi.
6. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 11, no. 5
588
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403 -
403. ABLUTION
1832 -
1832. Ablution
l^Ax^lj jply^Jl f\e \j oWy^ll lij \ \yj»\ ^g-dl Lgji b)
°fSy^S AjJj jifly gj£~ jy jv^i^ A.f ^ ■■■ ill f^-^3'3
'. ^iiJ (^Ip *d$
“0 jom w/io have faith! When you stand up for prayer, wash your faces
and your hands up to the elbows, and wipe a part of your heads and your
feet, up to the ankles. If you are junub, purify yourselves. But if you are
sick, or on a journey, or any of you has come from the toilet, or you have
touched women, and you cannot find water, then make tayammum with
clean ground and wipe a part of your faces and your hands with it. Allah
does not desire to put you to hardship, but He desires to purify you, and to
complete His blessing upon you so that you may give thanks. ”
. oixhf i^a ./? ’ Ap 4x1 4x1 .6515
6515. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Ablution is half of faith.’ 4
4J OtA -Aj-LJtJl Jsjdl (3 ^*~.l ■ dlj 43p aWI 4Xl .6516
A 3A d OlA -b-LJtJl jAl (3 AA*! yf*y c 1
6516. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’He who performs the ablution in the
freezing cold weather is given twice the reward, and he who performs the
ablution in the extreme heat is given a single share of the reward.’ 6
oljliail- ^JAj^Jl L4?jj lil ! 4jTj 4jp 4Xl 4Xl (Jyy .6517
^ , 4J IjyijCa Jjti JJC2 t 4j5jJ 4jtX^
6517. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’When the Muslim man performs the
ablution, mistakes committed by his hearing, his sight, his hands and his feet
leave him so that when he sits, he sits forgiven.’ 8
4jyi 4pp AlA j^jdl U’jj li[ , 4J 3 a3p 4x1 4x1 (Jyy .6518
\ o-La
6518. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’When the servant performs the
ablution, his sins shed away from him just as leaves shed from a tree.’ 10
3 yi t 0^41 Ji jts f 3^1 ^ : fsLJi Jp yp .6519
* * . 1 L»
6519. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’He who performs his ablution as best as he
can and then walks to the mosque [is considered to be] in a state of prayer as
long as he does not nullify it.’ 12
589
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13. s) a^p j»ui .6520
6520. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'There is no prayer without ablution.' 14
Notes
I. 6: sjjiii .
2. Quran 56:
3. 12/238/80 : jiySi jU.
4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 80, p. 238, no. 12
5. 26059 : ^ .
6. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 26059
7.26031 : Ju-Jt .
8. Ibid. no. 26031
9. 26030 : Jii-Ji jA .
10. Ibid. no. 26030
II. 11 /237/80 : }yH\ jU.
12. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 80, p. 237, no. 1 1
13. 129 / 58 / 1 : ‘uiiii s .
14. al-Faqih, v. 1, p. 58, no. 129
590
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1833 - J' aIp
1833. THE REASON FOR ABLUTION
^ hu) ‘ &\ ijjj- ^ ja Let : Up jiUi fi.y\ .6521
1
✓ p- > > t *
6521. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Ablution is one of the boundaries of
Allah with which He knows who obeys him and who disobeys him.' 2
!•>! liii SjS? : - aL j - ^sLJi Up u»jji ^L-Nt .6522
L»
a!1*3
oy»\ aJ l jcJg. £ c aJALU -Up- jLAl (j^j
jtAl (UA Uh p' JjlSI aIS^Jj c ^LjuJI jLa3 aU
6522. Imam al-Rida (AS), regarding the reason for ablution, said, 'So that
the servant is pure when he stands before the Mighty One when engaged in
supplication to Him, being obedient to Him through what He has
commanded him, purified of filths and impurities, and also because it does
away with laziness and repels drowsiness, and purifies the heart for standing
before the Mighty One.' 4
Notes
1.1 / 279 ! vU jip .
2. Ilal al-Sharai, p. 279, no. 1
3. 9 / 257 ! jlp .
4. Ibid. p. 257, no. 9
591
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1834 - j'ji
1834. THE EFFECTS OF ABLUTION
u¥. ■ ^1? Aiil t_)y^*j .6523
* . jIjT ^ i^p
6523. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah will resurrect my community on
the Day of Resurrection among other communities, having white and
illuminated faces from the effects of ablution.' 2
Notes
1. 11 / 237/ 80 : jijAi jU .
2. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 80, p. 237, no. 1 1
592
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1835 - aJsS”
1835. THE VIRTUE OF FREQUENT AND ABUNDANT
ABLUTION
L (3 4^1 ^JJ J^jgj I ^4 , dTj 4*lp 4Xl 4Xl .6524
OjLgJaJl 13] <1)^37 eJjU $ ojL^is jl-&3lj ^JASlj jl CX-JtiaJ
1
, 1 ^ ^
6524. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Perform ablution frequently and Allah
will increase your life, and if you are able to be in a state of purity
throughout the night and day, then do so, for if you die in the state of purity,
you will die a martyr.' 2
31(rtuii ^irpiDi >Lkii idTj 4*1* i>i ju* i>i J .6525
6525. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'One who sleeps in a state of purity is
as if he is praying [night prayers] and fasting.' 4
.1779 <— A ! (*ydl (jAil)
(See also: SLEEPING: section 1779)
Notes
1. 5 / 60 : -uiai jiA/i .
2. Amali al-Mufid, p. 60, no. 5
3. 25999 : judi .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 25999
593
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1836 -
1836. RENEWAL OF ABLUTION
d . aJTj aAs- aui 411 J .6526
6526. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'He who performs ablution whilst
already in a state of purity is given ten good merits.' 2
4JL> jj 3wL>- 0-l> jytJ o 3j_>- ■ <Jlp jbiXaJi f'-'V' -6527
3
J
6527. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'He who renews his ablution without [the
need to do so to purify] an impurity, Allah renews his repentance without
him [needing to] asking for forgiveness.' 4
jy A-it- 2i.5L*2ji .6528
6528. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Ablution upon ablution is light upon
light.’ 6
Notes
1. 26042 : JtuJi >r .
2. Ibid. no. 26042
3. 7 / 264 / 1 ! Jjl-j •
4. Wasa'il al-Shia, v. 1, p. 264, no. 7
5. 2 / 23 / 1 ! (JSUt gijp c 8 / 265 / 1 ! Jsl^j .
6. Ibid. v. 1, p. 265, no. 8
594
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404-^ijxJi
404. HUMBLENESS
1837 -
1837. ENCOURAGING HUMBLENESS
; ijJu !? oSLjtii ojt/A .v^lip h! aJp u .6529
l ! jli ? oSLoJl oj“A>- L*j
6529. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Why do I not see in you the sweetness
of worship?!' They asked, 'What is the sweetness of worship?' He said,
'Humbleness.' 2
. ^P ^fi\y 1-Lp ^Ul 0] ■ aJTj aAp U .6530
6530. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'The best of people is a worshipper
who humbles himself when in a high position.’ 4
l-hj l a'.(7q\a j\S- (3 ^ Up U U .6531
6531. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Blessed be he who humbles himself
before Allah without having any deficiency, and who humiliates himself
without poverty.' 6
\ h : fwui Up *j* \wi\ .6532
6532. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There is no nobility like humbleness.' 8
\ Ujj-U Uj ; aJp yp .6533
6533. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The adornment of the noble is humbleness.' 10
n. Uyin 0IS3 : j.WJi aU yp .6534
6534. Imam Ali (AS), 'Humbleness is the aim-tax of nobility.' 12
, oSLjtil j»iipl ^y> aJU t dTJp ! Up yp .6535
6535. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'You must be humble, as it is one of the
greatest [forms of] worship.' 14
i jL vaisSlI jkfrAUaj ; - aUs ij ■ j*bUJl aJp yip .6536
15.
6536. Imam Ali (AS) said, describing the pious, 'They are moderate in
dressing and humble in manners.' 16
17. ILuji jju : fiui aU yu .6537
6537. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Humbleness spreads virtue.' 18
c ill Ip U lit jUiAfl Utly yao4 L. ^bLJl a3p ^Lp .6538
19. &\ Jp jUpIi JU ,yliJl U U
595
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6538. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'How good is the humbleness of the wealthy
before the poor in seeking what is with Allah, and better than this is the
pride of the poor before the wealthy in relying solely on Allah.'20
ollajtj j! C-*£- L« j I ! aJp .6539
6539. Imam al-Rida (AS) said, 'Humbleness is to give to people what you
yourself like to be given.' 22
“2, LgAp S \ aAp (2y5wodl I .6540
6540. Imam al-Askari (AS) said, 'Humbleness is a blessing that cannot be
envied.' 24
Notes
1. 201 / 1 ! jkljjt-l .
2. Tanbih al- Khawatir, v. 1. p. 201
3. 10/ 179/77 : m.
4. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 77, p. 179, no. 10
5. 66 / 2 . A ' •
6. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 66
7. 1 13 iAA-i : sLt^ut jA .
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 113
9.11 / 120/75 : jijfli jU.
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 75, p. 120, no. 1 1
n.939 : j>.
12. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 939
13.5/119/75 : jbAi
14. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 75, p. 119, no. 5
15. 193 ! 2p5Ul gj .
16. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 193
17. 522 : j/ .
18. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 522
19. 406 2-AJ-l : .
20. Nahj al-Balagha, sermon 406
21. 13/124/2: jisdi.
22. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 123, no. 13
23. 489 : J .
24. Tuhaf al-'Uqul, p. 489
596
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1838 - ou*Ap ja
1838. SOME OF THE SIGNS OF HUMBLENESS
^ <uip -6541
6541. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Humbleness is when a man sits in a
place lower than his rank.' 2
j? ^ oi ; p-fcif- Aiu <up ,6542
-Uj4 jt C ULsi jlS^ iijU jlj t (_5^ (_s^ etj L J~-
3.
6542. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), from his fathers (AS) said, 'Humbleness is for
a man to be content to sit in any place and not a particular place, to greet
those he meets, to leave disputation even if he is right, and to not like to be
praised for piety.' 4
Notes
1.9/ 123/2 :
2. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 123, no. 9
3.3/118/75 : jijrtiji*.
4. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 75, p. 118, no. 3
597
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1839 - ije
1839. THE FRUIT OF HUMBLENESS
C A*3j A^-La2 ' 0) ■ aJ Ij aAp AWl AWl .6543
*. fill j&J
6543. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Humbleness increases the rank of that
person, so humble yourselves and Allah will raise you.’ 2
A^jjj 3 C AWl AxJSj aW , aJ|j aAp aWI ^La2 a\)^ .6544
‘ <jy jAa5 (3 j4® ‘ ^ Ai^jj t 3frp' <Jj
3. J-r*, r A" ^ pA A'
6544. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’He who humbles himself for Allah,
Allah will raise him such that he is weak in himself but strong in the eyes of
others. And he who is haughty, Allah will degrade him such that he will be
small in the eyes of others and big in his own, until he will be more
despicable to them than a pig or a dog.’ 4
aLcJ.1 s'ji l -LAj.1 Syc | aJlp yp .6545
6545. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The fruit of humbleness is love, and the result
of pride is abuse.’ 6
\ fcijj ^\J]\ : fbLJi a3p yp .6546
6546. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Humbleness clothes you in dignity.’ 8
jt ight i^uji aJp yp .6547
6547. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'With the lowering of one's wing are affairs
organised.' 10
11 . aLijJi j^iai t aL^Ji jiA aJp ^Lp .6548
6548. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Humbleness spreads virtue and haughtiness
shows up vice.’ 12
‘ uiJi j £43 % J*2Ji j £43 gJJi 5i : rsLJi aJp fL.^1 .6549
^Jj awI oh! $ jL3-l ^ t (3 aaSCAI dJl-UKs
aJ| c *th
6549. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, 'A plant grows on level ground and not
on the hard terrain, and similarly wisdom flourishes in the heart of the
humble, and does not flourish in the heart of the haughty and overbearing,
because Allah made humbleness the instrument of the intellect and
haughtiness the instrument of ignorance.' 14
oA t ^ 1 y jw\JL 1 4^1 0} ! <u!p .6550
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6550. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, 'Allah does not raise the humble in
proportion to their humbleness, rather He raises them according to His own
Greatness and Glory.' 16
Notes
1. 1 / 121 / 2 : jisdi.
2. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 121, no. 1
3. 5730 : judi .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 5737
5.4614 t 4613 : j>.
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4613-4614
7.1 /287/77
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77, p. 287, no. 1
9. 4302 : (vSG-i j> .
10. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4302
11.523 c 522 : r<Ai j. .
12. Ibid. no. 522523,
13. 1 / 312/ 78 : j\fi\
14. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 312, no. 1
15. 399 : oJ- .
16. Tuhaf al-'Uqul, p. 399
599
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1840 - lkJs- «u OULJ G
1840. MEANS TO ACQUIRE HUMBLENESS
I aOS^-^j 5/i ^.Lp ,,, 00ck~j S ! aAp ^Ip .6551
6551. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Humbleness cannot be achieved..., unless the
heart is healthy.' 2
3. sjJ : rsLJi Adp ^Lp ^iaji .6552
6552. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Humbleness is the fruit of knowledge.' 4
aJ tij 0L» 1 01 Ail I aa! ip i — ®yp i_s*A aJp ^1p fOA 1 .6553
5
aJ 01 a •: U c. G Oj-^OO
6553. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'It is not appropriate for one who knows the
Greatness of Allah to consider himself as great, for verily the elevation of
those who know His Greatness lies in humbling themselves before Him.’ 6
Notes
1.59/7/78 : ^ M.
2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 7, no. 59
3. 301 : (OG-i jj- .
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 301
5. 147 iJaiU : ap">ui .
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 147
600
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1841 - k-
1841. LIMITS OF HUMBLENESS
OjjJL AlijjU Aj K^o\y ...SyJj Ajlp yp ^L«S[l .6554
6554. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'It suffices a man as a sign of humbleness to
know his worth.' 2
(j -» 01 (jp LLJ - aUp 1 .6555
2. IJLsi c-aS"" Ojj s-t^kl iijU jtj t Jp lluJ Otj t Alsyi kjA
6555. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) when asked about humbleness said, '
Humbleness is that you be content to sit in a meeting where it is below your
position , greet whosoever you meet and give up dispute even if you are
right.’ 4
of : - jp jxO uj - fsLJi aJp u$Ji .6556
^ , Alta ii 01 LL^- La
6556. Imam al-Rida (AS) when asked about the limits of humbleness
said, 'To treat the people in the same manner you like them to treat you.’ 6
lil y;jJl 1a La : aJL Ld - fSLJl aOp L^Jl ^La)fl .6557
iXyA A^*ojJ j-li ot L^ca ) oLujS ^La?1^iS1 \ ~ ? L^A?lyc« 01^ -CJLil aLu
LfcljS a£A> 1j 01 1 aO) ^JJj ka ^JjU .Ai>-1 g,) 3L 01 V C djL) L^LlyCa
d AWlj C ^Ljl 4JjP i_>Lp C JiOtJl C ACC^kb
6557. Imam al-Rida (AS) when asked by Ibn al-Jahm, 'What are the
limits of humbleness that makes a servant humble when he observes them?'
to which he (AS) replied, 'Humbleness has stages; that one knows the value
of his self and places it in its right position with a sincere heart, that he likes
to treat people the same way he expects them to treat him, that he responds
the wrong with good, that he controls his anger and forgives the people. And
Allah likes the good doers.' 8
Notes
1. 66 / 80 / 78 : jtySli jU .
2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p,80 no. 66
3.113/277/78 \j\yH\ M.
4. Ibid. v. 78, p, 277 no. 113
5. 192 / 50 / 2 : fsLJi Up ujji jtu o^p .
6. Uyun Akhbar al-Rida (AS), v. 2, p,50 no. 192
7. 13/124/2: jisdi.
8. Al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 124, no. 13
601
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405 - jtjJi
405. THE HOMELAND
1842 -
1842. PATRIOTISM
. iijiiai aJp yp .6558
T 2
6558. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Countries thrive as a result of patriotism.
c 4j>j ^ o-? ■ ^dp "6559
3
", ^C-d UajL>-j t
6559. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The honour of a man lies in his crying over
what he has lost from his life, his affection towards his homeland, and his
protectiveness of his old brothers.' 4
\ .6560
6560. Safinat al-Bihar: It is narrated, 'Patriotism is part of faith.
i 6
Notes
1. 50 / 45 / 78 : M .
2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p45, no. 50
3. 3 / 264 / 74 : yA'i .
4. Ibid. v. 74, p. 264, no. 3
5. 525 / 8 : jUJi ^ .
6. Safinat al-Bihar, v. 8, p. 525
602
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1843 -
1843. DEFENDING ONE'S HOMELAND
jj
j Jai u tjvS3>5 ol aJp yp .6561
OUsjSjl ciilkj toljliJl ^LIp cJi Js- (*il HjS t IjJS Sll jvAjb ^p
i
6561. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Invade them before they invade you, for by
Allah, no sooner are a people invaded in their own homes than they are
humiliated. So you were indifferent and treacherous towards each other until
invasions were waged upon you, and your homelands were overtaken.’ 2
Notes
1. 27 sbb-i ! jy £ .
2. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 27
603
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1844 - fijhj kj<l\
1844. SEPARATION FROM ONE'S HOMELAND
*. aj yp <j t Aj^iil <3 aJp ^U- .6562
6562. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Wealth in a foreign place is like being in
one's homeland, and poverty in one's homeland is like estrangement therein.'
2
3. jlL^I J^ji\ j jUJl Lit t jlp 4j>JI J jJ : rSLJ! Up *Jip .6563
6563. Imam Ali (AS) said, ' Living in a foreign place is not disgrace,
rather poverty in one's homeland is disdain.' 4
Ajjp I (j Jj-UL t Ajyi aj^xJI c? aJp yp .6564
6564. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Wisdom in a foreign land makes one feel at
home while silliness in the homeland is like estrangment therein.' 6
Notes
1. 56 .
2. Ibid. Saying 56
3.7517 : j.SU-1 j>.
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 7517
5. 1292 ) 1291 : ^j>.
6. Ibid. no. 1291 ,1292
604
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406 - jlpjJi
406. THE PROMISE
1845 - > k\
1845. THE PROMISE OF ALLAH IS TRUE
^ jp>- 4x1 apj o[
“So be patient! Allah 's promise is indeed true. And do not let yourself
be upset by those who have no conviction.” 2
2 , S 4Xl o[ d. Jj[ Ifjj)
“Our Lord! You will indeed gather mankind on a day in which there is
no doubt. Indeed Allah does not break His promise. ” 4
i 4J lP- 4^1 O.Xp^ , 4J 4^ip 4Xl 4Xl .6565
jLJ-Li aA IjULp ^fp oJS'f
6565. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'He whom Allah promises a reward for
a good deed He will fulfill it, and he whom He has promised punishment for
a deed, then it is [ultimately] His choice [whether He punishes or forgives].'
6
Notes
1. 60 : .
2. Quran 3160:
3. 9 : oa-p Ji .
4. Quran 39:
5. 3 / 406 : .
6. al-Tawhid, p. 406, no. 3
605
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1846 - jA ad*h
1846. THE PROMISE IS A DEBT
^3 ‘ < ^ ^3 dki ‘ 5a ■ ^1? A^P Jj~-j .6566
1 . JlU-I ff JlUI f OPj jj.
6566. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'The promise is a debt. Woe unto he
who promises but does not fulfil it. Woe unto he who promises but does not
fulfil it. Woe unto he who promises but does not fulfil it.’ 2
jJb ^*3^.1 oIlpj c o^S' , aJ i j a2p awi awi .6567
3
6567. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The promise of the believer is a debt
and the promise of the beliver is like a pledge.' 4
iJs- oli il JPji (_£-UP J4-J oil b> ! aJp .6568
<jA dr? ls^ ^>7 ^ Cr*- ‘
5 (3*^ JP-d' od>- 01^ i odAl JjIp t Aj-Ip
6568. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The restlessness of a man in his bed during
the night whom I have given a promise for the fulfillment of his need the
next day is not more than my restlessness in my bed being anxious till the
morning to fulfill my promise. I am also fearful lest some obstacles prevent
the keeping of my promise, as the breaching of a promise is not the
characteristic of the noble.' 6
la"" la luip ijjpj i * i>s j o a i>) \ aJp 1^3.1 .6569
, aJ 3 aAp aJJ 1 ^ aW 1 5
6569. Imam al-Rida (AS) said, 'We, the Ahl al-bayt, see what we have
promised as a debt upon us just as the Prophet (SAWA) used to do.’ 8
Notes
1. 6865 : Juai y£ .
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 6865
3. 6870 ! Jttdl ja57 .
4. Ibid. no. 6870
5. 9692 : r<Ai .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 9692
7. 20 / 97 / 75 : J^\ ^ .
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 75, p. 97, no. 20
606
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1847 - opjJi
1847. THE PROMISE IS ONE OF TWO TYPES
1 . ju j>- Up yp fiA) ,6570
6570. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who is asked is free until he makes a
promise.' 2
Jj>-i -ipjjl jL2[ t 4S~\ ap^Jl j Up i*^lp ,6571
6571. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The promise is one of two bondages; and
fulfilment of the promise is one of the two freedoms.' 4
<Ui! -Up j^p <_^Pjd! ,6572
f L L 4jlSu« (3 14 UT i)\ 4jJ pjj Ui) aJ cUU l <uU O' dTj Up
A3 Lj&Ob Ijl (. ^ip c- Ail ■ ^13^® jP lils USO JjO
5
6572. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib: 'Abdullah b. Abu al-Humaysa' said, 'I
pledged allegiance to the Prophet (SAWA) before he set out [for a place],
and I had an appointment with him in a particular place, but I forgot that day
and the next, so I came to him on the third day, and the Prophet (SAWA)
said, 'Young man, you have brought great difficulty to me, I have been
waiting here for three days.' 6
7. ojUM iPj >> %Jl : rSLJ! Up ^Lp ^ \ .6573
6573. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Giving a promise is a sickness and fulfilling
it is its remedy.' 8
Notes
1. 336 Ufi
2. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 336
3. 1647 j 1646 :^jA-
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1646-1647
5. 12/9/4 :
6. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 4, p. 9, no. 12
7. 1 134 £• : jj£- .
8. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1 134
607
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1848 -
1848. WHAT SHOULD NOT BE PROMISED
*. iajiAl dJL^ij S sap jjjj s i ^suji up yp ^i»5h ,6574
6574. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Do not make a promise that you are not
confident of fulfilling.' 2
. ojlij .ii-ts <3 <3*^ lapj 0SL*j5I ! ^sUJl Alp JjiLUl ^LUl *6575
6575. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Do not make a promise to your brother
that you are incapable of fulfilling.' 4
5. Up jos *y i. a*: v ... 5i : Up ^iaii .6576
6576. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, 'An intelligent person.... does not make a
promise he cannot fulfill.' 6
Notes
1. 10297 : r<A
2. Ibid. no. 10297
3.94/250/78 : jijAi jU.
4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 250, no. 94
5. 12/20 / 1 : jisdi.
6. al-Kafi, v. 1, p. 20, no. 12
608
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1849 - opjJi JJj- ft
1849. REPROACHING THE BREAKING OF A PROMISE
t il ojLaS" ^ jjj oh>-t <s4P ! aJp JjiLvaJl -6577
hi L* OjJjjIj ji Ij^aT L^jl L) ! aJjS 2J)3j L AXjhJj t i-\j <Uil
2 l/<,
6577. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The promise of a believer to his brother
is a vow for which there is no [prescribed] penance, so he who breaks a
promise has first broken his promise to Allah and subjects himself to His
discontentment, as Allah says: “O you who have faith! Why do you say
what you do not do?” 34
jjpj jv4-*^ • jUAdi ^■-^'3 aJp jiliiSiji ^L«hli *6578
3, jl a . AL'C cA au! o]j c
6578. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, 'When you make a promise to children
then fulfil that promise to them, because they perceive you as the one who
provides them with the means of subsistence, and Allah is not angered by
anything the way He is angered by [matters pertaining to] the rights of
women and children.' 6
Notes
1. 2 ! Jwll .
2. 1 / 363 / 2 : jisdi .
3. Quran 6l2i
4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 363, no. 1
5. 23 / 73 / 104 : j\/i\ M .
6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 104, p. 73, no. 23
609
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407 - SJa PjLl
407. EXHORTATION
1850 - oL?- (J <daPjil jji
1850. THE ROLE OF EXHORTATION IN THE REVIVAL OF THE
HEART
Aiipji.lj \ ~ a] Ojtj AJj S Ajp ^-P >0579
1
6579. Imam Ali (AS) said in his will to his son, exhorting him, 'Revive
your heart with exhortation.’ 2
2. jSV-j t JULd Jap 1^1.1 . a4p yp *6580
6580. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Exhortations are the polishers of the self and
the cleansers of the heart.' 4
5. HAi\ jsJ ip i ^ : fsLJi aJp yu fL.^1 .6581
6581. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Through exhortations is inattentiveness
cleared.' 6
.1558 ! i—daJi (jii)
(See also: THE HEART: section 1558)
Notes
1. 31 : ap*>ui .
2. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 31
3. 1354 : jdO-i jj- .
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1354
5.4191 : r<di
6. Ibid. no. 4191
610
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1851 £ijit
1851. TYPES OF EXHORTERS
. dij aUp .6582
6582. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Death suffices as an exhorter.' 2
u AjjbfeJ i idipj ^y> ^jsiui ! aJp yp .6583
6583. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'An intelligent person is he who is exhorted
by experience.' 4
\y_ y>- U i_pLWl aIsp ^iS"" ! aJp ^P .6584
6584. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The experiences of people of conscience are
enough of an exhortation.’ 6
\ jU jl ikpj ijlp Uu-f lii : Up ^Jp .6585
6585. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'When Allah loves a servant, He exhorts him
with examples.' 8
ji 5SL0 J 01.311 ipiy ^ : rsLJi Up .6586
9
■
6586. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who understands the exhortations of time
will not be at ease with entertaining good opinions about his days.' 10
", uiipj l. uJJu ^y> uAdj 1 ^suui aJp yp .6587
6587. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'That which has exhorted you from your
wealth [through loss] is not lost.' 12
juui aiapyi ju ljjJi o[ : ■ ljuJi aj Ua? ^ aJp ^)p .6588
13
gjjgpjij t (U-U2J 1 ^ ^ c Ijj^SUx^ Lj jJl ... 14
6588. Imam Ali (AS) said in his description of this world, 'The world is
the abode of exhortation for he who accepts from it... The world reminds
them and so they remember, and it speaks to them so they believe, and it
exhorts them so they accept its exhortation.' 14
.I5Si4i ^ j : fbLJi aJp ^Lp .6589
6589. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The sagacious man sees in everything an
exhortation.' 16
17. ovSh p,ui. juphii oOudi IJjT : fsLJi aJp yp 1 .6590
6590. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The most far-reaching of exhortations is
consideration of the fates of dead people.' 18
oijUSi idps Juc 1 4U 0) : ^suui aJp ^Ip .6591
6591. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Allah Almighty has not exhorted anyone like
He does through the Qur'an.' 20
21 . 1 ^ £Lt JiPij y : fsLJi aJp *j* .6592
6592. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There is no exhorter better than advice.' 22
611
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<y« 015"" aTs- .6593
23. r*U
6593. Imam Ali (AS) said, Take lesson from [the lives of] those who
passed before you, before those who come after you take lesson from you
[i.e. your life].' 24
AX~jAj i t JjjISI JS-L^sl ! aTc- .6594
4)1 AjL5"" | jAv ail I
6594. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The most truthful saying and the most
complete exhortation, and the greatest of stories is the Book of Allah.' 26
Notes
1. 35 ! Jydi .
2. Tuhaf al-'Uqul, p. 35
3. 85 ! Jyuf .
4. Ibid. p. 85
5. 7059 : pi£U j> .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 7059
7. 4032 : j> .
8. Ibid. no. 4032
9. 8938 : j> .
10. Ibid. no. 8938
11. 196 : 4psui gi .
12. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 196
13. 131 :u£J4 , .
14. Ibid. Saying 131
15. 7338 : jj- .
16. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 7338
17. 3123 : jA .
18. Ibid. no. 3123
19. 176 Uai-i : ^sui gj .
20. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 176
21. 10622 : pAJ-l j> .
22. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 10622
23. 32 *M-\ : ^sui ^ .
24. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 32
25. 788 / 576 : jyud) J1A1 .
26. Amali al-Saduq, p. 394, no. 1
612
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1852 - 'doSty & ti
1852. THERE IS EXHORTATION IN EVERYTHING
CJJI s^pj <3 4) ■ j*6UJ( up yp f^“V^ -6595
1
6595. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Verily, there is an exortation and lesson in
everything for those who have wisdom and take lesson.' 2
3. £u5i ^ j Up ^Lp .6596
6596. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There is exortation in everything for the
sagacious.' 4
\ I'js. (j ill 5J cJiv y \ aJp ^1p .6597
6597. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'There is exortation in everything for he who
contemplates.' 6
U cJk UJ t OUjJl 6jjLa Jl ajUT j - {%J\ Up .6598
3 , dijpjd U>j dT^P o(y ^ | “ dip^ll
6598. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said in his letter to Harun al-Rashid, when he
asked him for exhortation, 'Every single thing your eye sees contains an
exhortation.' 8
(See also: THE MORAL LESSON: section 1206)
Notes
1. 3460 : pSUt jA .
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3460
3. 7338 : r<Ui .
4. Ibid. no. 7338
5. 9236 : jA .
6. Ibid. no. 9236
7. 14/324/71 : ^ M .
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 71, p. 324, no. 14
613
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1853 - obT
1853. ETIQUETTES OF EXHORTATION
“ Invite to the way of Your Lord with wisdom and good advice and
dispute with them in a manner that is best. Indeed your Lord knows best
those who stray from His way, and He knows best those who are guided. ”
2
6599. Jabir b. Samura said, 'The Prophet (SAWA) never prolonged the
exhortation on Friday, but rather used simple phrases.' 4
5. bil.1 (jd .6600
6600. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Your advice to a congregation of people is
like chiding.' 6
(. Aj\j JaPj ^y> ! <u!p .6601
6601. Imam al-Askari (AS) said, 'He who exhorts his brother in secret
has indeed adorned him, and he who exhorts him in public has dishonoured
him.’ 8
.260 a ! kjhi)
(See also: PROPAGATION: section 260)
Notes
1. 125 : .
2. Quran 16: 125
3. 1107/289/ 1 : f\ .
4. Sunan Abi Dawud, p. 1107
5. 9968 : r<^i .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 9968
7. 489 ! .
8. Tuhaf al-Uqul, no. 489
614
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1854 JiPijJi
1854. THE PERSONAL EXHORTER
j iiu- diii ^ 4-Ip Jipij <j iJ 5ir 4-ip ^1p ^la'yi >6602
i
6602. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He whose inner self is an exhorter to him has
been granted a protector by Allah over him.' 2
L« JljJ c ^ST ; - JjJL jLS^- 4-Ip jjjJjLdl ^LaSl! ,6603
L Ijl*--' d-d Laj t d-lA J^a 4iiaL>a^.l C-JlS"" Laj C d-d— ij -dplj d-d L)i5""
Jj)J— aj ^ (_£-9 (jL dijJ(j-aj l±J^*--aj C-da d-d] l ^.iT I , (jhi d-U jjH-lj
2, Ll^>- -ipli
6603. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, 'O son of Adam, you will
continue to be good as long as you have an exhorter within yourself, and as
long as taking account of your deeds is your concern, and as long as fear [of
Allah] is your basis and caution is your armour.' 4
L> c-\j a L)ii L 1 L pjj 4— jjj &\ } & : r^51 ^ jiUt -6604
^ , ljL^> *UP ^iu
6604. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'He for whom Allah has not made an
exhorter from his own self, the exhortations of people will not benefit him at
all.’ 6
Notes
1.11 /67 /78 \}yH\ j\a.
2. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 67, no. 1 1
3.176/115 JiAt.
4. Amali al-Tusi, p. 115 no. 176
5. 294 ! JyiuJt .
6. Tuhaf al-Uqul, no. 294
615
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1855 - ji
1855. THOSE WHO DO NOT BENEFIT FROM
EXHORTATION
*. t i aJp ^L»hfi .6605
6605. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The ignorant man cannot refrain [from sins],
nor does he benefit from exhortations.' 2
■\ J^pIj aI^p^c ^-azj a l?Ip A ' ai*j a | ^*Aa*aS1 aJp .6606
6606. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He whom Allah does not help against his
base self cannot benefit from the exhortation of an adviser.' 4
2 . o^xJ! y* ep 4iiPjJ.I yjj | ^“Aa-JI aJp ^Lp .6607
6607. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Between you and [benefitting from] an
exhortation is a wall of inadvertency.' 6
Notes
1. 1729 : r<it .
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1729
3.9010 : ,*Sdu j> .
4. Ibid. no. 9010
5. 282 u£U ! 2lp*>UI .
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 282
616
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1856 ■ Jaxil 'jJ*
1856. THE EXHORTER WHO HIMSELF IS NOT
EXHORTED
L« \ffzJ <jt aWI -Up LxJLa ^ ^ La ^j-Ul Lgji Lj)
l
“O you who have faith! Why do you say what you do not do? It is
greatly outrageous to Allah that you should say what you do not do. ” ~
aiu—aj J ip , fy* L/* uii 1 ^ axi .6608
3 -
*L.li S\
L5 ‘ u
■12JI
C-JtjJUjl OLs i.
6608. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah revealed to Jesus son of Mary,
'Exhort your self with My wisdom, and once you benefit from it then exhort
people, and if not, then be ashamed in front of Me.' 4
t hlj aiipjJ.1 ,j ^Lj ... jyt rJ>J S aJp ^Js- »L»hll .6609
jJ
t La^i-a J L L*-9 is-aL— Jj l La-S ,j~fA <• 'Jala JjLkil (y> J J-U»
LaLjt-a
6609. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Do not be like he who... exhorts extensively
but does not take lesson himself, as he is is arrogant in his speech and little
in deeds, he challenges for what is to perish, and allows to pass what is
eternal, he sees benefits as a loss, and losses as beneficial.' 6
7. pyi f jf JslpIj lL>j i ppJ ■ Jl aJp y_p ^L»hll .6610
6610. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Many a rebuker is himself not rebuked, and
many an exhorter is himself not restrained [from sins].' 8
J ip I J - ./3 A aJjcJu c <>i3i : pLJ\ Up fiu i .6611
\ jjiCil C^3jj jJ (j\P jSup yy> c UjU
6611. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'O people, seek enlightenment from the torch
of the lamp of an exhorter who takes his own advice and from the clear
spring that has been filtered of all impurity.' 10
^Jp aA 2Pj-« a. Jj i ^iL*JI L)[ ! ^bL— jl U-lp JEL^jl ^L«h/l .6612
■2
n. LiUl ^P jkj.1 Jjj
6612. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’When the knowledgeable man does not
act upon his knowledge, his exhortation slips away from the hearts like the
rain slips off a flat rock.’ 12
Notes
1. 3 i 2 ! Uwdi .
2. Quran 6l2,3i
617
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3.43156 :
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 43156
5. 150 .
6. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 150
7. 5361 - 5360 : ^ j> .
8. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 5360-5361
9. 105 sJait : ^sui .
10. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 105
11. 181 j 146 ! aj/-' 54“ •
12. Munyat al-Murid, p. 14618 1,
618
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1857 - JUvlJi jju S^pjJi
1857. THE SILENT PROPAGATION
La i jkJls ii-bL c aAjT S (_£-LSl Jif-jJl j) I aAc- ^La^l "6613
jLJ 4j jLJ
6613. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The exhortation which cannot be missed by
the hearing, nor matched by any other benefit is that which the tongue of
speech remains silent about and the tongue of action expresses.' 2
Notes
1. 3538 : r&u .
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3538
619
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408 -
408. SUCCESS (tawfiq)
1858 - jjjsli
1858. SUCCESS
oi -Ujl U-j>- li up jijjj aU ^1p c-uS”" 0] 1j tjli)
C^-iSjJ <uLp dJilj Laj Qotig^il L« wb^l Oj 4J.P L*
2. (iut
“He said, "O my people! Have you considered, should I stand on a
manifest proof from my Lord, who has provided me a good provision from
Himself? I do not wish to oppose you by what I forbid you. I only desire to
put things in order, as far as I can, and my success lies only with Allah: in
Him I have put my trust, and to Him I turn penitently. ” 3
4. 4jLp aJp y p ^t«^l .6614
6614. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Success is [divine] care.' 5
9. <Cs^j jjjji)! ! aJp yp ^ip*yi .6615
6615. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Success is [divine] mercy.' 7
x. oi) A>- ; ^uji aJp yp .6616
6616. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Success is from the attractions of the Lord.' 9
10. uUi jjt jjJi\ : Up yp .6617
6617. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Success is the first blessing.’ 11
^ aJp yp »ipy .6618
6618. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Endeavour without divine succour is useless.’
13
14. jSlUJl yf, : r1Ul Up y p flUl .6619
6619. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Success is the fountainhead of happiness.’ 15
!6. s : riui aU yu .6620
6620. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’There is no leader like success.’ 17
aj^?ui j \ ^suji up yp .6621
6621. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Holding on to experiences is part of success.’
19
4, -Up ^jp ! ^SUJl Up yp .6622
6622. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Stopping in the face of confusion is part of
success.’ 21
”, jdjiJl oJpLUS" U1p t ULJlS" UjC ^ aJp JSLJl .6623
620
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6623. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'There is no blessing like that of good
health, and there is no good health like having the assistance of success.' 23
: - Sfi oji X? jy- jp AfL uj - aJp j*ui .6624
Alii V) Alii APLLs ^Ip 6) ^ Alii tly*J Sf) Alii a . ./■>* a ^P h] ^ oLoaa
24
6624. Imam al-Baqir (AS), when asked about the phrase: 'There is no
power or strength save in Allah', said, 'It means that we have no power to
keep away from sins except through Allah's help, nor do we have strength to
obey Allah, ecept through Allah's succour.' 25
Notes
1. The Arabic word tawfiq implies a success that comes to man as a result of Allah's
divine succour and aid to him, out of His Grace (ed.)
2. 88 ! if* .
3. Quran 11: 88
4. 73 : pSdu jj- .
5. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 73
6. 162 ! jddU jj- .
7. Ibid. no. 162
8. 539 : jvSd-i j> .
9. Ibid. no. 539
10. 545 : (vSdu .
11. Ibid. no. 545
12. 10802 : J> .
13. Ibid. no. 10802
14. 858 : j> .
15. Ibid. no. 858
16. 113 : 4p">Ut .
17. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 113
18. 211 aXj-i : y .
19. Ibid. Saying 211
20. 83 ! Jydl .
21. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 83
22. 28 6 ! Jydl * aP .
23. Ibid. p. 286
24. 3 / 242 : .
25. al-Tawhid, p. 242, no. 3
621
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1859 - ctfJtf-lj
Ail1
1859. SUCCESS AND FAILURE
JpJ oq*-> ^^53 cJAf £3 jtSji2Aj j))
1
“If Allah helps you, no one can overcome you, but if He forsakes you,
who will help you after Him? So in Allah let all the faithful put their
trust. ” 2
^1p Ohl-iAl l)| ■ aJ I j aAp aw! awI a6625
3
■ ^ h A jjb Lc AjLijJ (jx^-
6625. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Sins bring failure to those who commit
them until it lands them in something even worse.’ 4
5. j*3U jJ ih/if 1 1 J5*ji if &J}\ : rWJi Adp yp ^ i .6626
6626. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Success is an aid for the intellect and failure
is an aid for ignorance.’ 6
difl c JjiJ *11 ^ Ah ‘ ^LJl Lgjl ! aJp yp .6627
i o jJLpj c Aill JA- eti i (jdJ ££-Ca “AJS a!^
6627. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’O people, those of you who seek advice from
Allah will be granted divine succour, and he who takes His advice as a
guide is a lead to that which is more stable, for one who takes refuge in
Allah is the secure and his enemy is the frightened.’ 8
j))|aJ (aUL h!) L*j) I das <j aJp- *6628
QSjiilLs Aill ^jIpj o-Laj JjA li iAs ,»5\JjA O^j ^53 il3lp Alii f-^2^
aWI LaiJ a1*3 ap LkJl aj A^-j^p Alii A aAJI ^Jjt3 li) ! ■ (<1)jAaJ2JI
Alii (J L>*3 Alii (3 Oi AJtll S(jl t Aj J-Jtil
^JlP ^jCaj L PA i g,L*j AWl lk ASy l A^./j»U dklj <jCjJ AAo g,L*JJ kijLj
3 A jh^J ij 3-iA Jjl3 (JC>- l (p-JJ AAj °)A A^./?*,li dJlj lA J AAo
6628. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with regard to Allah's verse in the Qur'an:
“my success lies only with Allah” and His verse: “If Allah helps you, no
one can overcome you...”, said, 'When the servant does as Allah has
commanded in obedience to Him, his actions are according to Allah's
orders, and this servant is called the successful, and when the servant wishes
to embark upon a sinful act, then Allah Almighty obstructs between him and
that sin so he leaves it, and his abstinence from it is as a result of Allah's
divine succour, and when he has his own way in pursuing the sin then Allah
will not obstruct him from the sin until he commits it, then He thwarts him
and does not support him or give him success.' 10
622
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Notes
1. 160 . J! .
2. Quran 3: 160
3. 102 / 2 ! .
4. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 102
5.719 j 718 : j>.
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 718-719
7. 147 5J24G ; ^ _
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 147
9. 1 / 242 : .
10. al-Tawhid, p. 242, no. 1
623
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409 -
409. LOYALTY
1860 - ^Js-
1860. ENCOURAGING OF LOYALTY
\ (SfjjAb Ob*" o[
“An</ fulfil the covenants; indeed all covenants are accountable. ” 2
3, (lj.Aj&lp b)
“And those who fulfil their covenants when they pledge themselves. ” 4
hpj bl i_aIJl9 aUL) jb"* | aJTj aJp a1)I 4)4 .6629
5
6629. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'He who believes in Allah and the Day
of Judgment must fulfil his promise when he promises.' 6
\ iSjiJi i\ij ji :rsLJi aAp fi-vi .6630
6630. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Loyalty is the fortress of chiefdom.' 8
\ 2jL.Sh ojij t jjkj 0lj4P s-bjjl aJp .6631
6631. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Loyalty is the epitome of the thriving of
religion, and the strength of trust.' 10
", i\ip\ ajiAi aAp ^Lp .6632
6632. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The best trust is fulfilment of promises.' 12
13. :rWJi aAp ^Lp .6633
6633. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The best of honesty is fulfilment of promises.'
14
' \ ox^xj (jji jp h! i aJp yp .6634
6634. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Do not depend on the friendship of one who
does not fulfil his promises.' 16
Jji ! - Cj^~ ^ ^Jp jjJjUJI .6635
^ , O^jdL) cJ-UtiL) {.
6635. Imam Zayn al- Abidin (AS), when he was asked [to summarize] all
the laws of religion, said, 'To tell the truth, to judge with fairness and to
fulfil a promise.' 1S
p\ Ji ajiAi ibf : ijA jdp s ISu : ^ i -6636
jl blS' -Lgjdlj c
6636. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’There are three actions for which no one
has an excuse: returning a trust to both the pious and the immoral; fulfilment
624
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of a promise to both the pious and the immoral; and goodness to one's
parents, whether they be pious or immoral.' 20
Notes
t. 34 : •
2. Quran 17: 34
3. 177 ! SytJl .
4. Quran 2: 177
5.77/ 149/77 : M-
6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77, p. 149, no. 77
7. 1044 : j> .
8. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 1044
9. 1430 : r<Ai .
10. Ibid. no. 1430
11.3018 :r<Ai j>.
12. Ibid. no. 3018
13. 3020 .
14. Ibid. no. 3020
15. 10260 : j> .
16. Ibid. no. 10260
17. 90 / 113 : jUai-i .
18. al-Khisal, p. 113, no. 90
19. 118/123 : jui-1.
20. Ibid. p. 123, no. 118
625
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410 -
410. SOLEMNITY
1861 - jiSjJi J *
1861. ENCOURAGING OF SOLEMNITY
IjJll ,4 tj JJ& ^1p 3Jl ^12pj)
“The servants of the All-beneficent are those who walk humbly on the
earth and when the ignorant address them, say, peace. ” 2
, jiijJij ,*^4p , aJ 1^ aAp awi axi .6637
6637. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’You must adopt tranquility and
solemnity.’ 4
jdl c tSjllj ^LdJl Cj~^~ <3 L_r^ ■ ^1? ^Ap 4^ Jj— .6638
6638. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Goodness does not lie in good clothes
or attire, but goodness lies in tranquility and solemnity.’ 6
7. jj&i jtsjJi : rsLJi aJp /ay .6639
6639. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Solemnity is the adornment of the intellect.’ 8
9 . j ijLd aTA ^iS' jii c jlijJl aJp ^Lp /AS1 1 .6640
6640. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Let your prominent feature be solemnity for
he who is increasingly clumsy becomes despicable.’ 10
JA;Jl JlA : rbLJ! a4p fjs- fiAh .6641
6641. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The beauty of a man is his dignified bearing.’
Notes
1. 63 : jiiyjji .
2. Quran 25: 63
3. 6402 : Jttdi >r .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 6402
5. 6401 : Jlidl jA .
6. Ibid. no. 6401
7. 270 ! (AG-i J7p .
8. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 270
9. 7397 : j> .
10. Ibid. no. 7397
11.4744 : fAJ-1 j/ .
12. Ibid. no. 4744
626
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1862 - ‘-'’'-rTJ'4
1862. WHAT BRINGS ABOUT SOLEMNITY
*. pj~\ j\ip\ ^ : rsLJi aJp .6642
6642. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The cause of solemnity is clemency.’ 2
3. j&j : fsLJi ^Lp fL.}i .6643
6643. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’With silence solemnity increases.’ 4
5. Jj Jp j* : rsLJi aJp ^Lp .6644
6644. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’He who acts with dignity is dignified.’ 6
2, jUjJL AilaA A^SiAlj 23^p ^ : fsLJi aJp ^Lp fL.^1 .6645
6645. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’He who is known to have wisdom will be
seen with reverence and dignity.’ 8
9. ajLsJ.l, jijj}\ Jb ... iuLJ ^ : rsLJi aJp ^Lp fi-vi .6646
6646. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Solemnity can only be achieved through
adopting a respectful attitude.’ 10
Notes
1. 5534 : (XJ-i j> .
2. Ibid. no. 5534
3.4182 : ^J>.
4. Ibid. no. 4182
5. 7666 : j> .
6. Ibid. no. 7666
7.4/23/8 : ^i.
8. Al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 23, no. 4
9. 59 / 7 / 78 : jU .
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 7, no. 59
627
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411 - c$j£sll
411. GODWARINESS
1863-^i^
1863. THE VIRTUE OF GODWARINESS
\yffT l! jIS^j lyil ^Jj&l Ol jij)
“If the people of the towns had been faithful and Godwary, We would
have opened to them blessings from the heaven and the earth. But they
denied; so We seized them because of what they used to earn. ” 2
... ij yfiill aA V 23Ji)
“This is the Book, there is no doubt in it, a guidance to the
Godwary. ..those who follow their Lord's guidance, and it is they who are
the felicitous. ” 4
^15 d* ijjjt jji -LaJj <j l*3 013^-aJi 35 a ^13)
Lap awI 3? u3 if La aw Ois IjjJjjSij 0^3 a
“To Allah belongs whatever is in the Heavens and whatever is on the
earth. We have certainly enjoined those who were given the Book before
you, and you, that you should be wary of Allah. But if you are faithless,
[you should know that] to Allah indeed belongs whatever is in the
Heavens and whatever is on the earth, and Allah is all-sufficient, all-
laudable. ” 6
dJSs fj- 3JJi yfyj Uj j3 <jf y. pi jl 3ST Jj t)
7. (jjjloj {j*
“O Children of Adam! We have certainly sent down to you garments to
cover your nakedness, and for adornment. Yet the garment of
Godwariness - that is the best. That is [one] of Allah's signs, so that they
may take admonition. ” 8
aWIj S^-3 j&Aj \fOsj
9. (pJaiJl ji
“O you who have faith! If you are wary of Allah, He shall appoint a
criterion for you, and absolve you of your misdeeds, and forgive you, for
Allah is dispenser of a great grace. ” 1
Alil*Jl3 LL09 S?3 f jloJl aia)
11
628
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“This is the abode of the Hereafter which We shall grant to those who
do not desire to domineer in the earth nor to cause corruption, and the
outcome will be in favour of the Godwary.” 12
13. jsu^i : rsLJi Up fGSi .6647
6647. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Godwariness is the leader of moral virtues.' 14
aG c jp jpIj t Jy>- jy>-lj t yf (_£yiGl j[ . aJp ^GSlI .6648
15. i_JIp $ j&j C UU. t y>
6648. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Godwariness is the best treasure and the most
protective guard. In it is the salvation of every runaway, the goal of every
seeker, and the victory of every conqueror.' 16
yiil ,j^j dJ2d t ^ 01 j yidl (_y*j <j£l ■ (“SG-Jl aJp (^Lp ^GSfl .6649
i3j lyy
6649. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Fear Allah with some Godwariness even if it
be little, and place a veil [of shame] between yourself and Allah even if it be
thin.’ 18
‘■y-G-j oily Cii (_y,j i_^*‘8 0] , aJp ^*GSll .6650
19-
6650. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Godwariness is the ultimate contentment of
Allah with His servants and His demand from His creation.' 20
t aUll Uy ilpl ^ j\ ill iS'yZi, illily ;jLfJ ,1 y*>LJl aUp ^p ^GS I .6651
21
6651. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'I advise you, O servants of Allah, to be wary
of your duty to Allah which is the provision and in it is the refuge; it is
ample provision and a successful refuge.' 22
t^ijjiiij »gjji igu t diii iSyvsi. iii sty jySL^ji ; ^sg~ji aJp yp- ^gs/i .6652
23
^ all op \a tt^jdljyj
6652. Imam Ali (AS) said, I advise you, O servants of Allah, to be wary
of your duty to Allah, for it is the rein and the firm foundation. So, hold onto
24
its proofs and cling onto its realities.’
l yr[/ll i dUall aIs^p Gti $ .Ul! ^^Siyyl ! ^SG~Jl aJp- yip ^gSi .6653
25 „ U>L ijGili lj)yJUL*dj C y>-Stll (-Pjtisl APJJ
6653. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’I advise you to be wary of your duty to Allah,
for it is the goal of a hopeful seeker, the assurance of the runaway refuge, so
make Godwariness your inner basis.' 26
c lyy-ily ,.J yjio jvSw’j I !^»SG-Jl aJp yip ^gs/i ,6654
~2. G ly G jy I Ay yy ■ 3 Si I ■■■ *.^JyjS G
629
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6654. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'I advise you to be wary of your duty to
Allah... make your hearts feel it, and rinse out your sins with it... indeed
safeguard it and be safeguarded by it.' 28
(Ji , 4P <jy t j (j j) ! aJp- .6655
^ 4^1 j J 1 ^ \1.. a i *uAl
6655. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Godwariness of Allah is a guard and a shield
for today, and a path to Heaven tomorrow; its trail is clear and the one who
traverses it is victorious.' 30
j^pj t c 3) ■ ^pIp .6656
dAlp^ll <JLjj c dpjLil c 2 dlla Jl A c ^ olAj c a5CL« JT
31
6656. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Godwariness is the key to appropriate
behaviour, a store for the Hereafter, freedom from every habit, salvation
from every type of ruin, with it a seeker is successful, a runaway is saved,
and wishes are acquired.' 32
33. jii ja jU-it & : ^ fuV' .6657
6657. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Whoever plants the trees of Godwariness will
reap the fruits of guidance.’ 34
$ <uii a)Ao aAp j .6658
6658. Imam al-Baqir (AS), speaking to Sad al-Khayr said, ’I advise you
to be wary of your duty to Allah, for in it is safety from ruin, and a gain in
the Hereafter.’ 36
Notes
I. 96 : J>[ /At .
2. Quran 796:
3. 5 _j 2 ! ij2J\ •
4. Quran 22,5 !
5. 131 : .
6. Quran 43 1 !
7. 26 : ai/Ai .
8. Quran 726:
9. 29 : JuAi .
10. Quran 829:
I I. 83 : .
12. Quran 2883:
630
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13. 410 uiUt : .
14. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 410
15. 36/374/77 : ^ ijU.
16. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 77, p. 374, no. 36
17. 242 : 2^sui ^ .
18. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 242
19. 3620 \ J> .
20. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 3620
21. 114 3-ki-l : .
22. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 114
23. 195 iii-i : gi .
24. Ibid. Sermon 195
25. 3 / 17 / 8 : jlS7l .
26. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 17, no. 3
27. 191 gj .
28. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 191
29. 191 iJail-! : .
30. Ibid. Sermon 191
31. 230 4^“' ■ •
32. Ibid. Sermon 230
33. 95 / 90 / 78 : ^ .
34. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 90, no. 95
35. 16 / 52 / 8 : .
36. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 52, no. 16
631
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1864 -
1864. GODWARINESS IS THE KEY TO NOBLENESS
0) yDjtAJ ^STcLLp Ijj yilll b)
*. (yA jyp 4)1 01 yTljl jjp
“O mankind! Indeed We created you from a male and a female, and
made you nations and tribes that you may identify with one another.
Indeed the noblest of you in the sight of Allah is the most Godwary among
you. Indeed Allah is all-knowing, all-aware. ” 2
LaLwM -Lii \ aJTj yp ^uj! ^! >6659
i_c|) , ax! yys ! v yiyi yy L-iyi c yy ^
4
3)1 yiaLj
6659. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Pay more attention to performing
deeds with Godwariness than deeds without it, for action with Godwariness
is never considered little, and how can an accepted action be little for Allah
has said, ’‘Allah accepts only from the Godwary. ” 5
c oy-y ij ljjji yy , <hj yp <uj! y y^j >6660
^>LJl jp! 0^4 0! i!_,l c ^yixil , (JlS ? <U)! y^-.j L Gj , y^s . ajAlj Jjyl!
7(y~~a~ *y llIa ^ yyj * yAL 4ii jy ^yj) i ^ t y>yp 4ii
6660. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’There is a characteristic that whoever
adopts, the world and the Hereafter will obey him, and he will gain Heaven.’
He was asked, ’What is it O Messenger of Allah (SAWA)?’ He said,
’Godwariness. Whoever wants to be the most honourable of people should
be wary of Allah Almighty.’ He then recited: “And whoever is wary of
Allah, He shall make a way out for him, and provide for him from whence
he does not reckon 910
u.^\ ja jpf f/*y : yLJi yp yip fiyi .6661
6661. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’There is no dignity more honourable than
Godwariness.’ 12
13
\ yOi yGy ■ yG-4 yp yp »G*y .6662
6662. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The key to dignity is Godwariness.’ 14
III 4-ayy yp ■ " hh & ,,, -iA! \ yp yp ^Gy .6663
yp L-j Ljjij 1 1 & j. -h. j -ll yp t i_Ajyj -W yp c 1 ^ y ■>. ?
y -i*j yyi!
6663. Imam Ali (AS) said, He who adopts Godwariness... dignity will
pour down on him after having been scarce; mercy will incline towards him
632
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after having missed him [previously], blessings will gush onto him after
having been barren, and benediction will heavily rain upon him after having
merely drizzled.' 16
t jlS iljS as I <Az ^1p <6664
l jvSoL^-l s-GAj ( jvSJ-Uil
^7 S* * S' z ' z * z
6664. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Godwariness is the remedy for the sickness of
your hearts, the sight for the blindness of your hearts, the cure for the
sickness of your bodies, the reformation of the corruption of your chests
[souls], the purification of the filth of your souls, the enlightenment of the
blindness of your eyes, the safety for the fear of your anxiety, and the light
to the blackness of your darkness.' 18
Ajjj^P \ JLj^ ^ All! {Sj* Co ^ .tsi~c\ o, i aAp ^Lp i666S
19
6665. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Cling onto Godwariness, for it has a rope
20
with strong links, and a stronghold with an invincible peak.'
Sj t, ■tfl % ^Sj y :rsLJi aJp ^.juhdi .6666
21 ■ ^ &
6666. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, 'There is no nobility for the
Qurayshite, nor the Arab other than through humbleness, and no dignity
22
other than through Godwariness.'
Alll j) ! ■ jdk 1 (_|l ilAS" L*-s - aAz JiLSl .6667
^y* iSy^^y c oL$-£- <up l aIJlp 4-lp cpjp L« -Lotjl
dJJj <Z*j£-y (. jli t aJLpL^JI C 4_*_*
23. 4JU4J.! ^
6667. Imam al-Baqir (AS), in a letter that he wrote to Sad al-Khayr, said,
'Allah guards a servant as a result of his Godwariness when his intellect is
distant from him [cannot grasp it], and He illuminates him from blindness
and ignorance as a result of his Godwariness. Noah and those with him were
saved in the ark and Salih and those with him were saved from the
thunderbolt, because of Godwariness. The patient ones are victorious and
24
those groups are saved from destruction through Godwariness.'
i aS)I X^lgS- oljjlo ^y> aAp JCCaJl .6668
A-[)b oljj 0[j t oJalA jJ JLj i aJG^s-j aAp
(j j[) ! (Jjjjj ,J,Gj a&I jj-Jl 1 3^ O'? aS)^ (j jlS" aA; ■» | la
5!? 25 (ofr-T ^
261
633
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6668. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Whoever clings onto Allah being wary
of his duty to Him, Allah will protect him, and whoever Allah comes to
protect should not worry even if the sky was to fall onto the earth, or if a
calamity was to descend onto the earth and tribulation was to encompass
everyone, he will be in the protection of Allah from every tribulation as a
result of his Godwariness. Does Allah Almighty not say: “Indeed the
Godwary will be in a secure place.” 2728
Notes
1.13 : i .
2. Quran 4913 !
3. 27 : sujii! .
4. 8 / 286 / 70 : j\/l\ & .
5. Quran 527 !
6. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 70, p. 286, no. 8
7. 3 j 2 : jstkit .
8.7/285/70 : j\yH\ jU .
9. Quran 652,3 !
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 70, p. 275, no. 7
it. 16/288/70 : j\yH\ m.
12. Ibid. v. 70, p. 288, no. 16
13. 65 /9/78 M.
14. Ibid. v. 78, p. 9, no. 65
15. 198 dd-i : .
16. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 198
17. 198 : wkJi 0^ ■
18. Ibid. Sermon 198
19. 190 : usui .
20. Ibid. Sermon 190
21. 19/288/70 : jW
22. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 70, p. 288, no. 19
23. 16/52/8 : ^i.
24. al-Kafi, v. 8, p. 52, no. 16
25. 51 : ou-jJi .
26. 8 / 285 / 70 .
27. Qur'an 445 1 !
28. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 70, p. 285, no. 8, and 'Uddat al-Dai, p. 288
634
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1865 - OftSSU
1865. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE GODWARY
ilb ^y> jJ! 5^3 IjJjj jl jjJ! (j*4^)
J^LC-iJlj (JJji ‘V’- lS^ 3^"^ l_5^l3 Lti^J iolslli 3
1jJ_aLp ISj ^_AwL^jL) olSpl ij l3J
. ! s >6 0 s *i- * s . ^ y £ S 0 £ C° X
, (L^jLLJl (p fXdfy jyii-tv3 ^dl! ildjl ^aLJl l£^~j sailj f.LLlLil (3
‘‘Indeed the Godwary will be amid gardens and springs , receiving what
their Lord has given them, for they had been virtuous aforetime. They
used to sleep a little during the night, and at dawns they would plead for
forgiveness, and there was a share in their wealth for the beggar and the
deprived. ” 2
^ \f>[f i_^jj L« 1 ^ L_^ip3 |— jLl*- cj L[)
Jp- Ijll^al ^ LjJjLcLL ^ S ^ Qjj liL g j L« ^JdJl 3~a 5Gb 15-"
.8 ! o-isiiij 33 ! 136 ■ 133 ! L[rap JT j 5 ■ 2 ! oyiJi (j^O
(See also: Qur'an 2:2-5, 3:133-136, 39:33, 5:8)
S (^jui 5l5Ui ^ ^5n jjiji jJQ.\ 5) : aJTj jp iii 4ii Jj—j .6669
4 JJ j> *! ^
, 4^*LJ| 3? (J^-jJl ^j^a lijji- 4Ca
6669. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The Godwary are those who are wary
of Allah for something that does not [necessarily] require wariness, for fear
of entering into obscurity.' 5
S cjiLiL , - ji 3? ~ 4J3 aLp ami ^ 3j— >6670
^1 A-ijdd c aSsjjAJ aLLL^- j^a aAl c_^~.L4 ^yJLj.1 /^a ^jLL^il
(j-? j*l t dJJi ^1 ? iLLla ^y\ t 4j)LA Jgl LA? 4 iiiiaL
6670. The Prophet (SAWA), in his will to Abu Dharr said, 'O Abu Dharr,
a man will not be among the Godwary until he takes account of himself
more than a partner would take account of his [business] partner, such that
he knows where his food comes from, where his drink comes from, and
where his clothes come from - do they come from the lawful or the
prohibited?' 7
LtS^ 4J JliL) ^SGLl aLp ^yc^aji.1 L^-Lz? LI CSyj ■ apSL/I >6671
... f&j\ ^15”" 4 ^,-Ay.l jg <. LaA^“^ jj-*I b ■ ^ (jLa$ c i-blp W>-j
... I ^SGJl aJp Jli "j? aJIj “Gp ill ^gdl Jp aJp ^Ij ill iwLJ
635
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ivsljlil I t 2L*242*2[l j4“43 1 J-j'jjtgil ^ ! JiUaiJl ^JjsI ^-A 1^-2
-v^AuLl lI-Jj2 c jA ^bJl ^3-*^ \j-isjj i j*^-1p 42)1 143 |v*jL*2j1 lj-2aP c
(4^-ljjt 34^" ^ 25)1 44 l^AI 3^'*^ 43 t jAJJI <j cpIJj jd^" 44' <3 (4^
. . .i-pLaxll I24-J c *— jly^l 3) lij--> £ u4 AA **2o4^-l (3
4/^j t jyy (j tjLdj t (jd (j GyS-J t ^jji j oji 4J <_£y 3A ^ jv^-i4 2-2*4 ^^^2
3 34y t 2s li 3 *A4y t oSLt- 3 t 3 i-W23j t jv4 3 Gdpj s >4 3
34p*A 3-2-*4 ■ ^-*1® L>"4_5 t LJ-C& 3 D^C-jy 1 3*4“ 3 fdlaj 1 o-Li
$ 4-^2 - -4y c 3*4“ c—A c JSiill 4A) j- • -A j c 4^3 jc t 343 l3^" j-®j
3 «a °'l 34 L-jLA Lc 4-^2j t ^Lijtil j4- U 3*4“
t 3jj4 *3 L>_^2 ac-L 0^2 , 33- L^-2 l XjA L^Jgjtj I 0^53 L^-2 4-CaJ 4-Ip ‘ " .3.^".^^ L)
t S£j *413 t iiil Ljji 51/ ■ 3^1 3j-allj (4^^ j*A-l ^Jj*- 1 I_s4 'Z 4^ AjSLaJj
1 aj b 'x a t Aj/g-~*’ 24 4^ IjJ^S- . oJ»l *4-3 t 41TI 3jyli t *33) 23 U c 4/I2 L*-iL>-
3 O^aL* 44^ /JtJlj c 3y-*G 44^ jdi-1 ^ aI^-p
6671. Nahj al-Balagha: ’It is related that a companion of the Commander
of the Faithful (AS) whose name was Hammam and was a devoted
worshipper had said to him, ’O Commander of the Faithful, describe to me
the Godwary in such a way as though I was to see them.’ So he (AS) praised
Allah and extolled Him, and praised the Prophet (SAW A) and then said:
3*^ 01 : fsui 43p 5^4 >1 54 : 34J! 43p j5Ui \\sj\ .6672
ol2ljj.l 2lij ... -C^jdL) fli/llj c 2jGSfl tcU4-3“l 3-F^ .4 ^j3xJl
42)1 Jl ij^aj U-2 1 233j t 3^“^ 3 ~4-j t y3_5_4"^ 3 A_J 1 J.C4J
6672. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’The Commander of the Faithful (AS)
would say, ’The Godwary people have signs that they are known by:
speaking truthfully, returning trusts, fulfilling promises... spending for good
causes, good-naturedness, ample clemency, and the pursuit of knowledge of
whatever brings them closer to Allah Almighty’. 10
334 3 <■ 44 AAi 3*i 34 3®' A 1 ^sLJi 4-ip jsiJi .6673
l 42)1 jA 4"^” AA4 ^ i) 34 ^ C--—J 03 c 3A_y)^4 t 2j^j3 3A
4i4 33 3^3-4 ^ all 3-A^J ^ 2 c- V Ul Cj 3\Jl Ij-i^jj t (4) 433c , ^ £ . *£■ 4I22
, 42 Li ^ c 4-1) jj L dl d-il^ L)1 )y3pj c |>4^iA
6673. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’The Godwary people have the simplest
of expenditures in this world, but are the most helpful to you with their
636
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provisions, you only have to mention and they help you, and if you forget
[your needs] they remind you. They inform of Allah's commands, guardians
over Allah's commands, they have confined their love to loving their Lord.
They feel estranged in the world in obedience to their Ruler; they look at
Allah and His love with their hearts, and they know that He is the ultimate
goal because of the magnitude of His Rank.' 12
.194 - 190 : ou.V' (>')
(See also: FAITH: section 190-194)
Notes
1. 177 : SjiJi .
2. Quran 51 19- 15:
3. 19 - 15 : otjUJi .
4. 62 / 2 . A 'yL .
5. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2 p. 62
6. 8501 : Juli ^r.
7. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 8501
8. 193 AykiU I .
9. 56 / 483 : .
10. al-Khisal, p. 483, no. 56
11. 16/ 133/2 : jisdi.
12. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 133, no. 16
637
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1866 - G
1866. WHAT HINDERS GODWARINESS
O' LjjJL) dp U3 ^ fl> : rOLJl Up ^Lp .6674
1
6674. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'It is forbidden for every heart that is
infatuated with the world to have Godwariness reside therein.' 2
Ojj£ UU (£y£ i-'-A G <■ ! ^bUJ' Up ^Lp ^G*^' .6675
3. S5U
6675. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'By Allah, I cannot see a servant ever having
Godwariness that will benefit him unless he guards his tongue.' 4
5. jOGG- p o' ^Igiu ; pui up ^Lp .6676
6676. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’One who disputes cannot be wary of Allah.’ 6
7. ill jjO i ^Ul JS*5 ^ p I ^»bUJ' Up ^G*il' .6677
6677. Imam al-Askari (AS) said, 'He who is not wary before people does
not have wariness of Allah.' 8
Notes
1. 4904 : ,0Ut j> .
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 4904
3. 176 | ic-stO .
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 176
5. 298 sUO-i : 5j0Ui i .
6. Ibid. Saying 298
7. 3 / 377 / 78 : Tpi .
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 377, no. 3
638
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1867 - jp-
1867. THE REALITY OF GODWARINESS
(jjAL L3 jiiJtj Sfj ajLjj (3-
jjj £55 ji —
4^1 IjJU I I^L*I
JJl L^jI b)
“O you who have faith! Be wary of Allah with the wariness due to Him
and do not die except as muslims. ” 2
(ajL5j fe- : ju: aJj! jid. ns - aJp iAddi fi^V' -6678
2 . Sta Jddjd j c Sta JSLij j t sta pi ‘f ! ■
6678. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when asked about Allah's verse: “Be wary of
Allah with the wariness due to Him”, said, He must be obeyed and not
disobeyed, remembered and not forgotten, thanked and not denied.' 4
,.u)l 3^3 a2p aih -l^p Li c^JL.a ■ ^ 1 j^p jiySli f£ .6679
La al)l IjJLjl) ,al)l |(JlS ? Laj I cAj , 4j>-^^La ](Jli ^(ajljij Jp- al)l \y!lj\ j
7
6679. Abu Basir said, 'I asked Abu Abdillah [al-Sadiq] (AS) about
Allah's verse: “Be wary of Allah with the wariness due to Him”, so he said,
'It has been abrogated.’ I said, 'With what?' He said, 'Allah's verse: “Be wary
of Allah as far as you can” 89
Notes
1. 102 . jjap JT .
2. Quran 4: 102
3.31 /291 /70 : jijAijU.
4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 70, p. 291, no. 31
5. 102 : Jt.
6. 16 : .
7. 12/287/70 : jijAijU.
8. Quran 64: 16
9. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 70, p. 287, no. 12
639
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1868 -
1868. EXPLANATION OF GODWARINESS
Lc Jjjuy culjj- L» il*xj jl (jijiill fli ! aJTj aJp a&I i_s^ 4)1 Jj— jj >6680
Up
6680. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The completion of Godwariness is that
you learn what you do not know and you act upon what you do know.' 2
3. % L. 'Jz jt Up ^Lp .6681
6681. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Godwariness is that a person is wary of
everything that tempts him into sin.' 4
5. bj uiu j* : fsLJ! Up ^p \\^j\ .6682
6682. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He who controls his desire is Godwary.' 6
iijJLjj *y j! ! - (jjjJLdl ji—UJ jjp UJ - aJp JjilXUl .6683
7. iiU Uiy: t %sf 5S)1
6683. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), when asked about the interpretation of
Godwariness, said, 'That Allah does not miss you where He has commanded
you and does not see you where He has prohibited you.' 8
9. ^uiii j i ci t jjbjisi i&% ^ aJp ^Lp ’^\ .6684
6684. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The crying of people should not deceive
you; indeed Godwariness is in the heart.' 10
.1825 <~A ! (jAh)
(See also: PIETY: section 1825)
Notes
1. 120 / 2 ! .
2. Tanbih al-Khawatir, v. 2, p. 120
3.2162 : (jU-t j>.
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2162
5. 8284 : r<Ai .
6. Ibid. no. 8284
7. 8 / 285 / 70 : jijAi M .
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 70, p. 285, no. 8
9. 9 / 286 / 70 : t jU .
10. Ibid. v. 70, p. 286, no. 9
640
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1869 - j-i3i JA
1869. THE MOST GODWARY OF PEOPLE
^ . dij ^uip adi ai .6685
6685. The Prophet (SAW A) said, ’The most Godwary of people is he
who speaks the truth, be it for or against himself.’ 2
A *i)l ( j&5\yu. ^jAel , aJTj aAp <U)I J-a? .6686
6686. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Perform the duties made incumbent by
Allah and you will be the most Godwary of people.’ 4
^ — A-i , dly aw! .6687
5. ill
6687. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever would like to become the
most Godwary of people should rely on Allah.’ 6
.1826 <— A ! (jAl)
(See also: PIETY: section 1826)
Notes
1. 41 / 72 ! J5.U2JJ .
2. Amali al-Saduq 72 nO 41
3.4/196/71 : jijAijU.
4. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 71, p. 196, no. 2
5. 2 / 196 ! Q\*-“ ■
6. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 196, no. 2
641
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412 - OxJl
412. DISSIMULATION (taqiyya)
1870 -
1870. LEGISLATION OF DISSIMULATION AND
INSTANCES IT SHOULD BE OBSERVED
3 ail Adi 3*3 -b*co 3 )
(jwa ?■ '' All I AA^ujJ All I sL^j l g - ■* [jJCj 01 *yi
“The faithful should not take the faithless for allies instead of the
faithful, and whoever does that Allah will have nothing to do with him,
except when you are wary of them out of caution. Allah warns you to
beware of [disobeying] Him, and toward Allah is the return. ” 2
yjSOb ff* If* °C^3 f-'* la * iiLsj if\
f» 3! | ajIjt] Jjy f» awL) f*)
vIjlp iii 3* 4^ lx*
“ Whoever renounces faith in Allah after [affirming] his faith - barring
someone who is compelled while his heart is at rest in faith - but those
who open up their breasts to unfaith, upon such shall be Allah's wrath,
and there is a great punishment for them. ” 4
& (j y>; f jjlpl 3 aIaiJI i 4*1p jslji »l«Y -6688
5
Aj
6688. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'Dissimulation is in anything that is
necessary, and the person [faced with] that situation is more knowledgeable
of it when it falls upon him.’ 6
4 AjlU>- AAo Alii tf f AljllJl ! 3l aAp .0089
6689. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Dissimulation is Allah's shield between
Himself and His creation.' 8
otd *y aiu ‘ ff. ji ^j. p ijUi ! aJp ^l«ni .6690
3 I-* jdaJl 0 1 jl 1 jdgJl 3 3I1II 3 kd c a! aAj ^ cf~*
9. Ads'! Sfl ^2 U
6690. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Be wary for your religion, and protect it
through dissimulation, for there is no faith for he who does not have [a place
for] dissimulation. You are among people as bees among birds; if the birds
knew what the bees harbour within them, they would not leave any of them
without eating them.’ 10
t ja-J-i 3* Ji lj~\ iSii jcp u t^iij : aJp .6691
*4 a1a21 ■ dkl L.j !
642
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6691. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'By Allah, Allah cannot be worshipped
with anything more beloved to Him than concealment.' I asked, ’What is
concealment?' He said, 'Dissimulation.' 12
(3 aSii W i I jbUaJi ^La'yi ,6692
^ jj4~l c AlixiL) JisUl aJjS
6692. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A believer is a struggler because he
struggles with the enemies of Allah in a false government through
dissimulation, and in a true government with the sword.' 14
Notes
I. 28 : d\j»* Jt.
2. Quran 328 !
3. 106 : .
4. Quran 16106!
5. 13/219/2 : jisdi.
6. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 219, no. 12
7. 19/220/2 : jisdi.
8. Ibid. v. 2, p. 220, no. 19
9.5/218/2 : jisdi.
10. Ibid. v. 2, p. 218, no. 5
II. 11 / 219/2 : jisdi.
12. Ibid. v. 2, p. 219, no. 11
13. 22 / 467 ! Jic- .
14. Ilal al-Sharai, p. 467, no. 22
643
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1871 - 1&\ $4 ^
1871. PROHIBITION OF SURPASSING THE
SITUATIONS [CALLING] FOR DISSIMULATION
33311 t 31" (_][ j <uip ^»b«Y .6693
6693. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’You will be called to insult me so do so. You
will be called to disassociate yourselves from me, so extend your necks [for
sacrifice], for I am according to my natural disposition [of Islam and
monotheism].' 2
cisS^ aIp .ud ^Lp ciA^*o . Ay.. ‘ n ^ jbpp y> .6694
y i t 1 ' H (, 0 w\j wCJ. I ^ Q Ldp Aptl dll 2 ' AS C^l ' ^ Lj Lp-pP '' tlp I
j{laJ dlJl^>-Sf £.LaAl IIa c3b>^L b ! aIp aW1-LA
li]j iJjj aLSiII 3 ilidp I jlii oaS" a1s£1 dlli ill illi hp-^Jip
3. apLY Ijiljl 3 dill-
6694. Ishaq ibn Ammar al-Sairafi said, “7 visited Abu Abdullah [al-
Sadiq] (AS) whilst I had not greeted our companions in the mosque of
Kufa out of extreme dissimilation (taqiyah) we were observing, so Abu
Abdullah said to me: “O Ishaq, when did you become harsh to your
brothers, you go past them and you do not greet them?!” So, I said: “It
was because of dissimilation I was observing.” He (AS) said: “In
dissimilation you do not refrain from greeting, but in dissimilation it is
that you do not reveal yourself ”
^ [yxy>\yA yf- \X\j I yfi c £-*p\y> aJLU , aIp J3bp2ll .6695
jpU yf- 4 jfA JaLs yL »y (jjSd jl) (fiA L» AA
4jll j^j-tll 3 .jLpoajl S Id ApllJl OlS^ll i ^ J ^ aL*3j
5
•SA
6695. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Dissimulation has situations
[necessitating it]. Whoever lifts them from their rightful places, they will not
uphold him. The explanation of what should be dissimulated is like when
there is an evil people whose outer rulings and actions oppose rightful
rulings and actions, so everything that a believer does among them in a
situation [necessitating] dissimulation is permissible, as long as it does not
lead to the corruption of his faith.' 6
cHj HU L ^-tll 14 IpL Si pldjtA bid | Alp J3by2jl .6696
dlSplj L (_5^b bc[ t !|v1a! b ‘j A l jj , Aill jPlj , Apb aIlJI
644
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^ ^ ^ ^ a, /- g ji x jjj
L* pjljlil ^15 jjj t j^jNjL^alj ,*5sjlj I I aIaiSI
Aill Jj~ JSLhJl (J^d (y j»^i^a jyS' (j ^Ul/j l kiUi
6696. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Dissimulation was established to
withhold blood from being shed, so if dissimulation extends to bloodshed
then there is no dissimulation. By Allah, if you are called to aid us you
would say: 'We will not, rather we will dissimulate', then dissimulation
would be more beloved to you than your fathers and mothers, and if the
Awaited Saviour was to appear he would not need to ask you for it, and he
would uphold the penalty of Allah among those of you who are hypocrites.'
8
.106 ■ 105 s-A ! s^lv^i
(See also: DIVINE LEADERSHIP (IMAMA): section 105-106)
Notes
1. 362 / 210 ! ^5^ .
2. Amali al-Tusi, p. 210, no. 362
3. 18/5/76 : j\yH\ j*.
4. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 76, p. 5, no. 18
5.1/168/2:^1.
6. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 168, no. 1
7.2/483 / 11
8. Wasa'il al-Shia, v. 11, p. 483, no. 2
645
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413 -
413. TRUST (IN ALLAH)
1872 - jijUl ^
1872. THE VIRTUE OF TRUST (IN ALLAH)
4-4 Si 4' J ^ iSii j jtfjjUij)
“Ah*/ consult them in the affairs, and once you are resolved, put your
trust in Allah. Indeed Allah loves those who trust in Him. ” 2
2 , (l aj ^43 cjjj*. ^Al ^£^4
“Pm/ jowr trust in the Living One who does not die, and celebrate His
praise. He suffices as one all-aware of the sins of His servants. ” 4
1 /iii ^441 ! ^Jji j^Sji aJ olc.Ni i ^saji <uip yp .6697
4 ‘ 4^ 4 a; Ui>4b t Aii 4i j-**^i
6697. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Faith has four pillars: trust in Allah, handing
over matters to Allah, satisfaction with the decree of Allah, and submission
to the command of Allah.’ 6
7 . a^Ai ^ ’Jy]\ : fsLJi aAp .6698
6698. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Trust is the fortress of wisdom.’ 8
cyt ‘ c/t °^4 ^ 4^ f^*V' >6699
9.
6699. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Trust in Allah is the salvation from all evil
and a protection from every enemy.’ 10
11 . jisAi iLss- Js^Ji j : (*^ji aJp ^Ip fL.^ii .6700
6700. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’In trust lies the reality of certainty.’
12
Notes
1. 159 : cup JT.
2. Quran 3 1 59 !
3. 58 ! j A ; .
4. Quran 2558!
5. 2 / 47 / 2 : jisdi .
6. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 47, no. 2
7. 544 : 4A1 .
8. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 544
9. 56 / 79 / 78 : M .
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 79, no. 56
646
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n.6484 \ <gJ-\ j>.
1 2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 6484
647
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1873 -
1873. THE EXPLANATION OF TRUST
.5)1 (_5^3 cs4Ji °cy^ Add 6(9 lui j[)
i
“If Allah helps you, no one can overcome you, but if He forsakes you,
who will help you after Him? So in Allah let all the faithful put their
trust. ” 2
[bjL-ji Jl 4)1 Jpj luSfji ji Id 4)1 CiS'U H^ai ^ jl)
“Say, 'Nothing will befall us except what Allah has ordained for us. He is
our Master, and in Allah let all the faithful put their trust. 4
13 ! 11 ! 10 ! (jjjjju Jij 38 ! 10 c 2 : fo\s
.17 ! 80 ! 22 !
(See also: Qur'an 35:2, 35:10, 39:38, 42:10, 48:11, 64:13, 72:22, 6:80, 33:17)
4)1 ^Js- aJTj a4p 4)1 ilL. id - ^SLJ! aAp .6701
t JjiSM t ifx Slj X? L X? 7^ 0b ! ■
(3 * Ut c a))I ij 4/i ^Lj c a))I iSf-* ^ -Util I9I9
, ti ^ ; a))1 j^—\
6701. The Archangel Gabriel (AS), when the Prophet (SAW A) asked
him about trusting in Allah, said, '[It is] to know that a creature can neither
harm nor benefit, nor give nor deny [of itself], and it is to display
hopelessness from people, so when a servant is such, then he will not do
anything for anyone other than Allah, will neither hope nor fear in anyone
other than Allah, and will not seek other than Allah - this is complete trust.' 6
7 J 5yJl l JjJ -143 C jl IaJTj A-lf- 4)1 ^^1*2 dl J yjtj .6702
6702. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'He who cauterises or resorts to
witchcraft has turned away from trust [in Allah].' 9
6703. Abu Basir, narrating from Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Nothing
exists without a limit.' I asked, ’May I be sacrificed for you, what is the limit
of trust [in Allah]?’ He said, ’Certainty.’ I said, 'So what is the limit of
certainty?' He said, 'That you do not fear anything apart from Allah.' 10
. 0J3 ,-A- aJj AjIp ilA J- yd .6703
| 3^9 ? jjAi Jl j_>- La9 , C1A9 , ^j-uLA , (JlS V La9 cdl-ti cidjtA
11
648
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Notes
1. 160 . JT
2. Quran 3 1 60i
3.51 ! .
4. Quran 95 1 :
5. 4 / 20 / 77 ! jiySlt (j j»u jJaji t 1 / 261 ! ojU^ .
6. Maani al-Akhbar, p. 261, no. 1. See the whole tradition in Bihar al- Anwar, v. 77,
p.20, no. 4
7. 3489/ 1154/2 ■ or-1 ■
8. Iyl53 ' ./jj ,/i •>- a - ^.Ljl 015”" Q
O' ^ i *>liJ os'— p' ^_Ip i1 £ ■ - 0 *' Or^° O^p-'— ^ l5“^^ ' ^ .'^.i
js^u u&o is-s^ ^ J* j JisCryi .
9. Sunan Ibn Maja, no. 3489 .
10. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 57, no. 1
11. 1 / 57/2 : jis4i.
649
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1874 - jlp J» oj«
1874. THE FRUIT OF TRUST [IN ALLAH]
([jjl ^ lJ^" *^® °j-^ ^ 01 fyi ^ ( _jip (IrO
“Whoever puts his trust in Allah, He will suffice him. Indeed Allah
carries through His command. Certainly Allah has set a measure for
everything. ” 2
j*' ^ 4 fr* f &\ ‘J$
■ iiixj y&j aJp oljl! ,6704
t L !? j»h f&b JjJJ JAt ^y» Jp ! ^Ul
3!? jji Jp <jl Jl li
6704. Luqman (AS) said to his son, advising him, 'O my son, rely in
Allah and then ask people: “Is there anyone who relies in Allah and He
does not save him?!” O son, trust in Allah and then ask people: “Who is
there among you that has placed his trust in Allah and He has not
sufficed him?” 4
yp L&ff
. dTj aJp aui *iii Jj— y .6705
5. jt*;
6705. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever would like to be the
strongest of people should place his trust in Allah, most High.’ 6
. a * Ji d cpii ^uji y Lp ysy j* \ ^slji aJp yu ^V' -6706
7 . LAJi\ aJp
6706. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Whoever places his trust in Allah, hardships
will become easy for him and all means will be simplified for him.’ 8
oi of aJs- ysy t jjjjAJi o\f ajil jjj ^ i aJp yip -6707
9-
6707. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Whoever relies on Allah, He will show him
happiness, and whoever places his trust in Him, He will suffice him in all
things.’ 10
S aIiIj jj ygipl y j c AAil aS)I Jp jiy y« ! aJp jslsi *6708
11 >
■ (y«i
6708. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’Whoever trusts in Allah will never be
defeated, and whoever grasps onto Allah will never be put to flight.' 12
JS^Jl \yb> lili c j aJp .6709
13. lijl
6709. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Wealth and honour wander around, and
when they reach a place where there is trust in Allah they remain there.' 14
650
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lxJS_ ^ Japl yi ! " Up JA12U ^L«5ll *6710
dlil UU"" CLj ^ ^lapl y* . ■■■
15! ? (^ >4i 4i > -j&
6710. al-Kafi: 'Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said to Muawiya b. Wahab, 'Whoever
has been given trust has been given sufficiency. He then said, 'Have you not
recited from the Book of Allah: “And whoever puts his trust in Allah, He
will suffice him.” 16
Jlp ^ Jl c JU $ Jbj ill 1SJI : fbLJ! Up .6711
17
6711. Imam al-Jawad (AS) said, 'Reliance on Allah is the price for every
1 8
expensive matter and a ladder to everything high.'
.1446 s-A ! (4^0
(See also: WEALTH: section 1446)
Notes
1. 3 : jsui .
2. Quran 653 !
3.73/ 156/71 :
4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 71, p. 156, no. 73
5.904/321 : jLpSH^u-.
6. Jami al-Akhbar, p. 321, no. 904
7. 9028 : r<Ai .
8. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 9028
9. 905 / 322 : .
10. Jami al-Akhbar, p. 332, no. 905
n.907/322 :
12. Ibid. p. 322, no. 907
13. 3 / 65 / 2 : jisdi .
14. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 65, no. 3
15. 6 / 65 / 2 : jisdi .
16. Ibid. v. 2, p. 65, no. 6
17.5/364/78 : jiySi jU.
18. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, no. 364, no. 5
651
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1875 - jljUi
1875. THE ETIQUETTE OF TRUST
aJp aSiI ^! J
\j>^£ oi ! aJ. p jGCaJi >6712
j\j)
\y^\ (i.
j/4 aJjJjj L>-y^- aJ (°]j^ au I (jiJ jj^j) ! cuJj- L«J aJT.
jlai jv^J| ^j-L.jls aJTj aJp aS)I £cp\ aJJi ‘ LuiS" ai ; oSLxJl ^Jp
c oSL*Jl ^Ip LdL^Li luiljjb L) ! All! Lj ! !y)Li G ^Jp L* ,
‘.cJLjl (JUp CaJ^alj J ji £1 : jui
6712. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A group from the companions of the
Prophet (SAW A), when the verse: “And whoever is wary of Allah, He shall
make a way out for him, and provide for him from whence he does not
reckon ” descended, locked their doors and engaged themselves in worship,
saying, 'We have been sufficed.' The Prophet (SAW A) found out about this
so he sent for them and said, 'What made you do what you are doing?' They
said, 'O Messenger of Allah! Our sustenance is being taken care of so we
have occupied ourselves in worship.' He said, 'Whoever does this, his call
will not be answered [by Allah]. You must seek your livelihood.' 2
t (Ai>l.i L&J-ap! ■ ^ J " ^flj aJp All! All! J .6713
3 . ^ jt
6713. The Prophet (SAWA) said to a person who asked him, 'Should I tie
it [i.e. my camel] and trust in Allah or leave it loose and trust in Allah?' He
said, Tie it and then trust.' 4
■ jLi l Lys a) q a2p All! i All! 1 c h , L j — u — .6714
5. j; 1 s : ju t jjiijQ i */■ :iqis ? (*iT l.
6714. The Prophet (SAWA) said to a group of people not planting, 'What
are you doing?' They said, 'We are placing our trust in Allah.’ He said, 'No,
rather you are the dependents.’ 6
- fjj hy)\ oiiapt uj txu ^ a ^ aJp ^Lp fL*)i\ .6715
t illidl <3 -4 <• aSi! Jp! t (_jip Jai- t JJj Jl~U Jjf !
2, aJL>^wj a1)I -Up fflA\ j! jvfp!_j t (j/ipj t ^jJa)! pxA'
6715. Imam Ali (AS) said to his son Muhammad b. al-Hanafiyya when
he gave him the standard in the Battle of the Camel, 'Mountains may move
from their position but you should not move from yours. Grit your teeth.
Lend to Allah your head [i.e. give yourself to Allah], Plant your feet firmly
in the ground. Have your eye on the remotest foe and lower your gaze, and
know that victory is from Allah, the Glorified.' s
652
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^3 ^1 S' 4*d_P ^U«l] ^1 1 b6716
aJlp J^-® ■ ? ,*ib a4p d^Li (3 (j^*JL>-
9. j^t jj t *y : ^slji
6716. Imam Ali (AS) said to a group of healthy people sitting down in a
corner of the mosque [not working], 'Who are you?' to which they replied,
'We are the ones who place our trust in Allah.' He said, 'No, rather you are
the abraded.' 10
^Js- jJJ j^pl ills aL>- ^y» cJis 3/ ! j»SLJl aAs- ^l«Sll ,6717
6717. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Do not leave the seeking of lawful
sustenance, for it is more helpful to you in your religion, and tie your riding
camel, and then trust in Allah.' 12
Notes
1. 5 / 84 / 5 : jisdi .
2. al-Kafi, v. 5, p. 83, no. 5
3. 2517/668/4 : ^ A ^ ■
4. Sunan al-Tirmidhi, no. 2517
5.12789/217/ 11 : jjujii iij^ .
6. Mustadrak al-Wasa'il, v. 11, p. 217, no. 12789
7. 11
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 11
9. 12798 / 220 / 11 : JjUjJi 4^ .
10. Mustadrak al-Wasa'il, v. 11, p. 220, no. 12798
n.326/ 193 : JiAi.
12. Amali al-Tusi, p. 193, no. 326
653
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1876 - ill >
1876. RELYING ON OTHER THAN ALLAH
tJjhS- ij* L* . Jjd ■ 4jip a))I (_^U^ a^I .6718
^jjld i)\j C A^d 1 ^IpS jls t AjJ.i (j^5j*y )j CpIjLaddl idl^h C^JtLi Sf)
*. aU j
6718. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Allah Almighty has said, 'Any creature
who resorts to another creature instead of Me, I will shut the doors of
Heaven and earth from him, such that if he calls Me, I will not answer him,
and if he requests from Me, I will not give him.' 2
3. aJi 4ii dii^d 4ii jjp ji s ; aJTj aJp 4ii L?u s 4ii J .6719
6719. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Do not rely on other than Allah, for
Allah will relegate you to him.' 4
y* did Od 1 dd*uCj Ajdilj dth ! ^5ddl A dp ^ip .6720
5. jlkdLjl
6720. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Beware of being completely self-reliant, for
that is one of the greatest snares of Satan.' 6
Notes
1. 8512 : judt >r.
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 8512
3.12790/217/ 11 : jjl-jJi .
4. Mustadrak al-Wasa'il, v. 11, p. 217, no. 1270
5. 2678 : j> .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2678
654
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414 -
414. PARENT AND CHILD
1877 - JdjJi J-aS
1877. THE VIRTUE OF HAVING CHILDREN
oJjJi ^JlUi %£j t c \'j£ <^0. oi ! aJTj a4p 4ii 4)1 .6721
6721. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'For every tree there is a fruit and the
fruit of the heart is the child.' 2
jjJ aJ O^Ssj O' \ a4p ^jj^j alah!' .6722
6722. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) said, 'It is part of the prosperity of a
man that he has offspring who can be an aid to him.' 4
A^3 aJ 0_^0 O' j^a | aAs* JiLj' alah!' .6723
aL'I^A
;<i<
t AjlL>-j
aIIA
A^a
6723. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’It is part of the prosperity of a man that
he has a child wherein he can see his own likeness: in his looks, his
character, and his virtues.’ 6
Notes
1.45415 : Judies'.
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 45415
3. 2 / 2 / 6 : jisdt .
4. al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 2, no. 2
5. 2 / 4 / 6 : jisdi .
6. Ibid. v. 6, p. 4, no. 2
655
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1878 -
1878. THE TRIAL OF HAVING A CHILD
SjlIp 'ill !)!j Slii ul lyllplj)
“Know that your possessions and children are only a test, and that
Allah, with Him is a great reward. ” 2
(vAjijjSj c tjiA tiioLsfi tosfji IaJTj aJp aui i_jU^ aui Jj~-j .6724
8, IjjjJ^-l l^jl. c Ij^us l^ilp Ots c IjJlApI
6724. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Our children are our hearts, the
younger ones from among them are our kings and the older ones our
enemies. When they are alive they are a trouble for us and when they die
they make us grieve.' 4
, Aj]^- aL>^^« ACt^- jJ^JI , aJ a4p .Ul! All! .6725
6725. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'A child is [a source of] cowardice,
weakness and sorrow [for the parent].' 6
■p_ ju * iijJjj iiul iiiii, p\ $£ s : rsLJi aJp ^Lp fiAi .6726
idhtCltJ 2JA 4lll $.lAp! ly^SsJ L e^Ljjl All! ijts C All! $.Ljj! li-ljjj 2XL&!
7!«? iii frijtpl
6726. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Do not let most of your preoccupation be
with your family and children, for if your family and children are lovers of
Allah, Allah does not forget His lovers, and if they are the enemies of Allah,
then what is your concern and preoccupation with the enemies of Allah?!’ 8
Notes
1.28 : JuAi.
2. Quran 828 !
3.755/283 : ApSi^a.
4. Jami al-Akhbar, p. 284, no. 758
5. 60/97/ 104:
6. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 104, no. 97, no. 60
7. 352 pAj-i : apsui ^ .
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 352
656
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1879 - oJjJl U*
1879. LOVING CHILDREN
\ OL^l 4^1p .Uil <4il j^>*J .6727
6727. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Love children and have mercy on
them.’ 2
(J,j LLU t Jas c-dls L ! jli JAj ij ” dTj aAp a&I Jj— y *6728
3. jhJl L I (_£-Up ^)4-j 1-La ; - jli
6728. The Prophet (SAWA) with regard to a man who stated [proudly], 'I
have never kissed a child', said after he had left, 'To me this man is one of
the people of Hell.' 4
^ , o-djj o-Ljtj j^jdi ^wi o] : ^sL~Ji aAp jm^Ji ^L«h/i .6729
6729. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah has mercy on a servant because of
his strong love for his child.' 6
Notes
t.3/49/6 : ^i.
2. al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 49, no. 3
3.7/50/6 : o^i.
4. Ibid. v. 6, p. 50, no. 7
5. 5 / 50 / 6 : jisdt .
6. Ibid. v. 6, p. 50, no. 5
657
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1880 - ^
1880. ACTING CHILDISHLY FOR CHILDREN
a] g v . ij oacp .uip Atii .6730
6730. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever has a child should act
childishly to him.’ 2
ijwdl-lj dTj aJs- iJAS ; y\p- jjp jljjhfl j\A .6731
Lgjl/ Ohl-udl ^ LiCl?- ^jt3 , Li» ^1p l - ^Jlp
3
6731. Jabir said, 'I visited the Prophet (SAWA) and Hasan and Husayn
(AS) were on his back and he was kneeling for them, saying, 'What a good
camel you have and what good riders you are.' 4
Notes
1. 4707 / 483 / 3 ! S ^ .
2. al-Faqih, v. 3, p. 483, no. 4707
3. 50 / 285 / 43 : ^H\ m ■
4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 43, p. 285, no. 50
658
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1881 - yUflJt aljji
1881. THE RIGHTEOUS CHILD
, (GG| GjG-Ij ( j^pl ojps lljCjiJ iG-ljjjl dJ Lp* Gj) Oyly-A
“And those who say, 'Our Lord! Grant us comfort in our spouses and
descendants, and make us Imams of the Godwary.'“ 2
.90 ! 50 t 49 ! f.j* (4^0
(See also: Qur’an 19:49, 19:50, 21:90)
, aG-1 ajLAj 42 ' ■ ^ Jl 4J4I 0) ■ d I j aGp aw! awI *6732
6732. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'A righteous child is an aromatic plant
from the plants of Heaven.' 4
\ g 2 .A c aw! AjI ,f? ll -dyi ■ d !y aJp yd (Jy~*j *6733
5. ojIp
6733. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’A righteous child is an aromatic plant
from Allah which He has distributed to His servants.' 6
2, yJGdl 444^ oSLj *4. ,dTy aJp aw! >6734
6734. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Part of the prosperity of a man is that
he has a righteous child.' 8
t-dy idle. s!j c g i j»sGdi aJp yip ^G*)/! i6735
jPy aJ| cj 4^ li! : au All G^/yl cdlG 4
GLaJl
6735. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'I never asked my Lord for children with
bright faces, nor did I ask Him for a son with a good stature, but I asked my
Lord for children who are obedient to Allah and fear Him, so that when I
look at the child, seeing him obedient to Allah, it will be a source of comfort
for my eyes.' 10
d -dj o.xp aw! , ^SGdl aGp dLGdl ^»Gy >6736
11
6736. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Allah's inheritance to His pious servant
is a righteous child who repents for him.' 12
Notes
1.74 : oiyii .
2. Quran 2674!
3. 10 / 3 / 6 : jisdi .
4. al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 3, no. 10
659
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5. 1 / 2 / 6 : jisOi .
6. Ibid. v. 6, p. 2, no. 1
7. 67 / 98 / 104 : .
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 104, p. 98, no. 67
9. 66 / 98 / 104 : ^ i jU .
10. Ibid. v. 104, p. 98, no. 66
11. 1610/471 / 1 :
12. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 1, p. 471, no. 1610
660
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1882 - ouJ' fijS"" jf-
1882. PROHIBITION OF HATING GIRLS
oLJlill oLJ jj.1 Jls i oblSl ! a!Tj a^Ip .xl l*? .xl Jj— .6737
1
6737. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Do not hate girls, for they are the
sources of delight and the valuable [ones].' 2
3. o ISjLJ.1 I oLdl \ aJTj aJp <5)1 4l .6738
6738. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Girls are the compassionate, the ones
who have been provided for, the ones who are blessed.
*
4_L-j
, 4
i oijhli (_4c" iijij <xi j[ . aJTj aJp <uii aui .6739
4Xl hf) t 4^A 1 (p-JJ 44^1 oi^.1 ^ip A>-^ Gj t j^STUl ^Ip
a«LJ1SI
6739. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah, Blessed and most High, is more
affectionate to females than to males, and any man who brings happiness
into the heart of a woman he is related to, Allah will make him happy on the
Day of Resurrection.' 6
^p <xlj c CaLcXJ- oLdlj X yAJl , ^bddl aJp J).iL<2jl .6740
2, oLiXjkl ^Ip
6740. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Boys are bounties and girls are merits,
and Allah asks about bounties but rewards for merits.’ 8
Notes
1.45374 : Judi jA.
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 45374
3.45399 : judi^r.
4. Ibid. no. 45399
5. 7 / 6 / 6 : jlSdl .
6. al-Kafi, v. 6, p. 6, no. 7
7. 12 / 7 / 6 : jisdi .
8. Ibid. v. 6, p. 7, no. 12
661
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1883 -
1883. ENJOINMENT OF JUSTICE BETWEEN
CHILDREN
o' \~*s' l <3 -*s35/ji ,j\j i^J-L &\ , a]Tj a4p awi .6741
£ ^
6741. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'Maintain justice among your children
in gifts, just like you would like them to be just with you in goodness and
affection.’ 3
o'-dj d sd>-j Aiii a4p .6742
4! ? i ■' i j ; aJTj <uip aw! c
6742. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’The Prophet saw a man with two sons, who
kissed one of them but left the other, so the Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Why do
you not treat both of them equally?!’ 5
Notes
1.29/5 , P-Ajol aOi(j .
2.45347 : Jii-Ji £ .
3. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 45347
4. 94 / 84 / 74 : }yH\ .
5. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74, p. 84, no. 94
662
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1884 - ji%Jt il
1884. ENJOINMENT OF BEING GOOD TO ONE S
PARENTS
jl l_h /^jjjljJby olj) h/) IjjAj 4l eJjj
(JJiJl ^fL>- L*4 ^ \s_jS' Slj^ lsJ> Sj >_jl Lii Si*
1 . (j^A5 (3^?J lAS" lA-J-^jl l-rJJ ^3 4^*4 1
.15 ! 14 ! jujlIj 32 t 14 ! f~j*3 83 ! syLii (4^1)
“ Your Lord has decreed that you shall not worship anyone except Him,
and [He has enjoined] kindness to parents. Should they reach old age at
your side - one of them or both -do not say to them, 'Fie'. And do not
chide them, but speak to them noble words. Lower the wing of humility to
them, out of mercy, and say, 'My Lord! Have mercy on them, just as they
reared me when / was [a] small child'.” 2
lA , LAaJj j^-tll^l ” 4jij 4^1 p .xl ^ .6743
6743. The Prophet (SAWA), when asked about the rights of parents upon
their child, said, 'They are your Heaven and your Hell.’ 4
]y\ dLta jjjj “ dTj AAxr 4^1 4Xl ^y^J cA" B6744
4. : jis ? b\ f : cJi . uiij jlp b&Ji : - ji*j &\ Ji clai ^
5. ^444'
6744. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib: 'The Prophet (SAWA), when Ibn Masud
asked him about the most beloved of acts to Allah Almighty, said, 'Prayer at
its pescribed time.' I asked, 'Then what?’ He said, ’Being good to one’s
parents.' 6
2, oy>s- if 1x1 s\j , 4J fy^ 4j-dly f. .4lly 44^ 4x1 4XI ^y*j .6745
6745. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'He who is good to his parents,
blessings be upon him, Allah will prolong his life.' 8
j 4' JsAa-j 1 f\f \ j iii 4 ; dij aAs- 4i {j^> 4' Jj—j .6746
9. 4141 4^.
6746. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah's satisfaction lies in the
satisfaction of one's parent, and Allah's discontentment lies in the
discontentment of one's parent.' 10
1 1 . 4314 'Sfy -4sbT \jjj ; 44^ dsiiXaJi .6747
6747. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Be good to your parents and your
children will be good to you.' 12
663
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■>ia j&j tir ju t aJs- ^iaii .6748
4P 4jls i Al^2jtil jj L^^lP l ^ A 'lo '
6748. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Being good to one's parents is
obligatory, even if they are polytheists, but there is no obedience due to
them if it entails disobedience to the Creator.' 14
c 4J y>\ ,,, o) ! AAk .6749
ah ^ 4jdJlj ^
6749. Imam al-Rida (AS) said, ’Allah Almighty... ordered thankfulness to
Him and to one's parents, so whoever does not thank their parents does not
thank Allah.’ 16
Notes
1. 24 j 23 : A-Ai .
2. Quran 17:23,24
3.
10/316/3 :
vrAjd'j
4.
al-Targhib wa al-1
Tarhib,
v. 3, p. 316, no. 10
5.
1/314/3: v
-Ajd' ■
6.
Ibid. v. 3, p. 314,
no. 1
7.
17/317/3 :
8.
Ibid. v. 3, p. 317,
no. 17
9.
30/322/3 :
10. Ibid. v. 3, p. 322, no. 30
n.31 /65/74 : ^ M.
12. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74, p. 65, no. 31
13. 9 / 608 : Jui-i .
14. al-Khisal, p. 608, no. 9
15. 196/ 156 : Jui-i.
16. Ibid. p. 156, no. 196
664
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1885 - U
1885. ENJOINMENT OF BEING GOOD TO ONE'S
PARENTS [EVEN] AFTER THEIR DEATH
~ \-*j£y> j “ d B6750
^2/3 y *)j c b^-L^P ^baj[j c LuL jbijcLvAlj c L_g-lp c
*. Ls-gJL-U^ 1 L«A hh
6750. The Prophet (SAWA), when asked about being good to one's
parents after their death, said, 'Yes, [it entails] praying for them, seeking
forgiveness for them, fulfilling their promises after them, maintaining
kinship that is not done other than through them, and honouring their
friends.' 2
Ob^c ^ t L^Lp- d? tjb U-All o[ : j»ui fuY .6751
(3 L<A 1£Lp , lilt- Iwl AjhSds j^o A ^ ^ bta
'' , tjb yajc.^ lj L»_|_A bb* ^ b*A jb 3A Aj^L^-
6751. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, ’A man could be obedient to his parents
during their lifetime, then they die and he does not repay their debts or ask
Allah to forgive them, so Allah records him down as being insolent. Or, he
could have been insolent to them during their lifetime and not obedient, but
after their death he repays their debts and seeks forgiveness from Allah for
them, Allah records him down as righteous.’ 4
Notes
1.32/323/3 : ^1,^1.
2. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 3, p. 323, no. 32
3.21 / 163/2 :
4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 163, no. 21
665
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1886 -
1886. HEAVEN IS UNDER THE FEET OF THE
MOTHERS
. aaAi , a) 1 j a4p aui axi j^->j .6752
6752. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Heaven is under the feet of the
mothers.' 2
Jlai aJ Tj a Xs- aSiI cli frW- ! a4p *6753
aw! aJ jlJh ? aj^j 4, ^ q c AxL^f- aS 5fj L*awI L ,
1AU ) jli . Adsili | jli t | jli ? -Ai"-! ddj-dlj lj4J ! aJTj aAp 4)1
!ol d^oli”" , aJTj aAp aWI aWI j^~.j jli c
6753. Imam Zayn al-Abidin (AS) - A man once asked him, 'There is not
a single bad deed that I have not committed, but do I still have repentance?'
He replied, 'Are any of your parents alive?' He said, 'My father.' He
(SAWA) said, 'Then go and be good to him.’ The narrator said, 'So when
this person left, the Prophet (SAWA) said, 'If only it was his mother!' 4
L ; jLSi aJTj aJlp ill Ju* 'J)\ Jl *1^ \ a4p ft.}! .6754
! Jli ? f ! Jli t 2J4I ! Jli ? f ! Jli t ill*\ ! jli ? JJjI ^ t 2ill jj~*j
5. ju : jii 9 ^ f ; jii t ^
6754. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A man came to the Prophet (SAWA)
and said, 'O Messenger of Allah, whom shall I be good to?' He said, 'Your
mother.' He asked, 'Then who?' He (SAWA) said, 'Your mother.' He asked,
'Then who?' He (SAWA) said, 'Your mother.' He said, 'And then who?' He
(SAWA) replied, 'Your father.' 6
Notes
1.45439 : Ju-Jt jA.
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 45439
3. 88 / 82 / 74 : jyY .
4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74, p. 82, no. 88
5.9/ 159/2 : jisdi.
6. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 159, no. 9
666
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1887 - ji%li i\ Jbj
1887. HURTING ONE'S PARENTS
iiii ^-Lp i. i jijjiiji aJp ^L>sh -6755
, AAP - ' A^A I Ll^>
6755. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The lowest level of insolence [to one’s
parents] is saying: ’Fie’, and if Allah knew of something more insignificant
than that He would have used it.' 2
(J-ijl PLA Lodi ij) \ aJ^£ (j - aJp JLLyaJl ^L*h/I ,6756
Loj^Ij-^1 c3yi AkjA? ^Jiy c Lo^Jl jlzjJl 2L* hf ! " 2 (aA^]I
2, Lo-|^al-li ^»-Laj Sj l Lo-^j-bl t
6756. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with regards to Allah's verse in the Qur'an:
“Lower the wing of humility to them, out of mercy “ said, 'Do not fill your
eyes by looking at them other than with compassion and affection, and do
not raise your voice over their voices, nor your hand over their hand, and do
not walk in front of them.' 5
j[ ! - (U/S> L«Ji ^Jij) ! (J,L*j dyi Q - aJp JLL*2jl \ ,6757
6. lj3 &\ : \£ Jll ilbp?
6757. Imam al-Sadiq (AS), with regard to Allah's verse in the Qur'an:
“but speak to them noble words” said, 'If they hit you, then say to them,
'May Allah forgive you.' 7
Notes
1.1 /348/2:^1.
2. Ibid. v. 2, p. 348, no. 1
3. 24 : a~A' ■
4. 1 / 158 / 2 : jisdi .
5. Ibid. v. 2, p. 158, no. 1
6. 1 / 158 / 2 : jisdi .
7. Ibid. v. 2, p. 158, no. 1
667
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1888 -
1888. INSOLENCE TO ONE S PARENTS
j £f-\ a Jai ■ jsaii Jai ■ dTj aJp ai Jiv? 4^ .6758
'. dh
6758. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'It will be said [by Allah] to the
insolent [towards his parents]: Do what you want, for I will not forgive you.'
2
, A g ac- UjLi ■ dj aJp Al .6759
6759. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever upsets their parents has been
insolent to them.' 4
A*i>- jl*j Aiii j sf i jlSvJi jjdJijJi i3jdp i aAp JAA2J1 ^A*yi .6760
5. bd jAJl
6760. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Insolence to one's parents is a grave sin,
because Allah Almighty regards the insolent one as a sinner and a wretched
person.' 6
AjjJlj Jl Jdj A JJilxJl | ^SAJl aJp JAAall .6761
2, Ag Jl jladl
6761. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’Insolence includes a man’s looking at his
parents with a sharp gaze.’ 8
led 0 Allli lAj c^A jis : ajjjI J[ J2J zj ; ^sAJi aAp jalaji ^a^i .6762
\ o*AA 4J 5Sil JAj
6762. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Whoever looks at his parents with
hatred, even if they oppress him, Allah will not accept a single prayer from
him.’ 10
", sJ-iJl J[ t 2lJl!l jSjjjAJl | ^»SA3l aJp (_£iLil ^A*)ll .6763
6763. Imam al-Hadi (AS) said, ’Insolence brings about lack and leads to
humiliation.' 12
Notes
1.82/80/74 :
2. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 74, p. 80, no. 82
3. 45537 : Juai A .
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 45537
5. 2 / 479 : JAA JA .
6. Ilal al-Sharai, p. 479, p. 2
7. 7 / 349 / 2 : jl<ji .
8. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 349, no. 7
668
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9. 26 / 61 / 74 : .
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 74, p. 61, no. 26
n.95 / 84/74 :
12. Ibid. v. 74, p. 84, no. 95
669
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1889 - jtfjll J* jjljJl
1889. THE RIGHT OF THE PARENT UPON THE CHILD
j s- -dijJi js- ^^p ^-4) ” dij aJ_p aui (_5^? 4^ .6764
h a} t a] us c jjjj c ‘i£-,lj 4A_t2>
6764. The Prophet (SAWA), when asked about the right of the parent
upon the chid, said, ’He should not call them by their name, nor walk in
front of them, nor sit before they do, nor make himself deserving of abuse
from them.’ 2
~ 13 , d 3^ ” dlj aAp <u)l .6765
2, <2hA dJ JL«j cuh ,
6765. The Prophet (SAWA) was once asked by a man, ’My father wants
to confiscate my money’, to which he replied, ’You and your money belong
to your father.’ 4
Notes
1.5/ 159/2 : jtsdt.
2. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 159, no. 5
3.45933 : judt^r.
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 45933
670
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1890 - alijJi J * jtfjJi &
1890. THE RIGHT OF THE CHILD UPON THE PARENT
C O^Jlj ^ JP“ Aylp 4\)l ly£? 4^1 cJj^J iO / OU
^ij lil iAjjJjj t AjlxSCJl AlJjtjj
6766. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Among the rights of a child upon his
parent are three: to give him a good name, to teach him how to write, and to
marry him off when he becomes mature.' 2
c ^Lp 47^' aTp iOVOV
4jSI <•
6767. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The right of the child upon the parent
is that he gives him a good name, disciplines him with good manners, and
teaches him the Quran.' 4
! A ./!->- ojjlj ^Lp 4-ijli 7 aJlp Ji.2L*2jl >6768
(j t «uf“l t 4J jJuJ
6768. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'There are three things obligatory upon a
father for his child: choose a good mother for him [before he is bom], to
give him a good name, and to go to lengths in disciplining him.' 6
2, 4jdJi^j iy_ i. o-d^j JA)Ji i ^L»*yi -6769
6769. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'The parent's goodness towards his child
is [tantamount to] his goodness towards his own parents.' 8
Notes
1. 1627/474/ 1 :
2. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 1, p. 474, no. 1627
3.45193 :
4. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 45193
5. 67/236/78 : yA'i
6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 78, p. 236, no. 67
7. 1633 / 475 / 1 : fJLC .
8. Makarim al-Akhlaq, v. 1, p. 475, no. 1633
671
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1891 - Jjli Lj
1891. UPBRINGING OF THE CHILD
\y>^\ .aJTj aAp Ai)l aJ)I Jj— 'j <6770
6770. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Honour your children and perfect their
manners.
cL-A ! Jl*2>- cJ^ki p jvSi'iljt ! dTj aAp au! ail .6771
' , jT yijl ojlyjj t Aio Jjd aAAj
6771. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Discipline your children with three
features: the love of your Prophet (SAWA), the love of his Household, and
the recitation of the Quran.’ 4
", i^-Ap ■ aJ i j aAp aui awi .6772
6772. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Teach your children swimming and
archery.’ 6
t -d^Jl , aJ Ij aAp awI awI .6773
jJ t Aji^A ^1p <— ^ Cj aiaJI>A Ots Atij
7. aJ aSi! (Jl oj-ipt
6773. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'A child is a master for seven years, a
servant for seven years, and a minister for seven years. If you are content
with assisting him during these twenty one years [and have reached your
aim of training him] then be it, or else strike him on his shoulder for you
have completed your excuse to Allah in him.' 8
\ j*i*Ji i_~lLj ijjji ! aTp ^js- .6774
6774. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Command your children to acquire
knowledge.’ 10
jjiAi Uiij lii t<ff a dp yp .6775
1 1
6775. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Teach your children to pray, and take them to
account for it when they reach puberty.’ 12
LJj c AAb /S’A 1 | aAp c3 aCv^JI .6776
13 . OAr1 J*^Al t Oi-A'
6776. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’A child should play for seven years,
learn literacy for seven years, and learn the permitted and the prohibited [i.e.
jurisprudence] for seven years.’ 14
.51 t50 . i— AiSli AC-jLj-Jb) 210 jijAp (jJiii)
(See also: YOUTH; DISCIPLINE: section 50, 51)
672
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Notes
1.45410 : Ju-Ji .
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 45410
3. 45409 : ju-Ji .
4. Ibid. no. 45409
5. 13 / 247 / 12 ! .
6. Wasa'il al-Shia, v. 12, p. 247, no. 13
7.45338 : ju*Ji .
8. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 45338
9. 45953 : ju-Ji .
10. Ibid. no. 45953
11. 6305 : j> .
12. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 6305
13. 12 / 247 / 12 ! Jjl-j .
14. Wasa'il al-Shia, v. 12, p. 247, no. 12
673
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415 - *y\
415. AUTHORITY
1892 - ail' cyt
1892. THE NECESSITY OF OBEYING THOSE VESTED
WITH AUTHORITY BY ALLAH
f ^JLPjlfj <Ui! IjAJsl ^J-Ul L^jI (j)
dTSi j) J44JIJ ^ 41
“O yow w/to have faith! Obey Allah and obey the Apostle and those
vested with authority among you. And if you dispute concerning anything,
refer it to Allah and the Apostle, if you have faith in Allah and the Last
Day. That is better and more favourable in outcome .” 2
■ Jj4 j-p ^y_ yf>- iotp" ! jS>r ,jp ^-di Juif .6777
gj'j \ aJ|j a4p <U)I aIJ ^lp ^>-J)JP kwl (Jjj' IXJ
aS)I jyi ^-Ul jJjl 4 iJj-vjj aS)I Liyp i 4S1I ^
? dd^plkj
(jJ ilr! j»^3^ 4 (_£-'-*) fj* t ^yLafp- (»-* ■ aTp jloi
(j (^1p ^ V t ^jip jP t (jy-Ji-l j t ^ (. i_JUs
f 4 <y. f 4 ^ ? ‘ cs- ? ■ ■ ■
^j\ j &\ p4 t ^1p jj f t aSji jj Qs- p4 t j^Ip jj -ils®
3. ■■■i^'-P ^ t>;' °®dp j 44 y
6777. Jabir b. Abdullah al-Ansari said, ’When Allah revealed the verse:
“Obey Allah and obey the Apostle and those vested with authority among
you...” onto His Prophet Muhammad (SAWA) I said, ’O Messenger of
Allah, we know Allah and His Messenger, but who are those vested with
authority that Allah has associated their obedience with your obedience?’ He
(SAWA) said, ’O Jabir, they are my successors and the leaders of the
Muslims after me. The first of them is Ali b. Abu Talib, then Hasan, then
Husayn, then Ali b. al-Husayn then Muhammad b, Ali that is known in
Torah as al-Baqir then al-Sadiq, Ja’far b. Muhammad then Musa b.Ja’far
then Ali b. Musa then Muhammad b, Ali then Ali b.Muhammad then
Hassan b. Ali then my namesake and he whose nickname is as mine ,the
proof of Allah on His earth and His remainder among His servants the son
of Hassan b. Ali....’ 4
674
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Notes
i. 59 : .
2. Quran 45 9 !
3. 3 / 253 : jiJJi Jur .
4. Kamal al-Din, p. 253, no. 3
675
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1893 - pjAJl Jaiaj u
1893. WHAT BRINGS ABOUT THE REIGN OF EVIL
RULERS
Laj 4J Z'Jfi hjA ^4 All 13^ L« Ijjyd ^ 7 All Ll))
*■ (J'i h* ^ ht
“Indeed Allah does not change a people ’s lot, unless they change what
is in their souls. And when Allah wishes to visit ill on a people, there is
nothing that can avert it, and they have no protector besides Him. ” 2
'4 ■ ^ tJ^® ! ATj Ail 4i .6778
3- J*A 7 Cr* CS1 ^ J?A
6778. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Allah Almighty has said, 'If one of My
creation who knows Me disobeys Me, I will cause one of My creation who
does not know Me to reign over him.' 4
, \y)a^J Lad" , 4J adp *4 ^L^ <4)1 ^ .677 9
6779. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'As you are, so shall you be ruled.' 6
0 -Co ^~jzj (_£-Ulj Lai \ “ 4jL>*aA £tj^j ~ ^bUdl AaJlP ^JlP iLah/l .6780
J3?9 tii (*-^1^7 ‘ j^L 24 L_^J t ^jAJi jy^lid
7. ^5^ ^Lkjlj t (^fl^Li)
6780. Imam Ali (AS), censuring his companions said, 'Verily by He who
owns my soul, this group will take control of you, not because they are more
rightful than you, but because of their hastening to the wrongfulness of their
leader and your slowness at upholding my right.' 8
.1287 i_jL> i (2) 1— jjyd.i t 1480 <—4 ; (4311)
(See also: CORRUPTION: section 1480; ENJOINING GOOD AND
PROHIBITING WRONG: section 1287)
Notes
1. 11 : ap;i .
2. Quran 1361 !
3. 5871 / 404 / 4 ! a-iiSt S y .
4. al-Faqih, v. 4, p. 404, no. 5871
5. 14972 : Jii-Jt .
6. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 14972
7. 97 2ukaU : ai-SUl 0ja .
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 97
676
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1894 - frj
1894. JUST RULERS
AjL) (J-txi ^uLjl jja\ \yt\ (J,jJ {Ja \ aJp -6781
WLaJl ilPjj jt aUl Jp Lai- jlS"" t ^LJl jja I (j jjiijj o^i
' , ajSLl ilp-dj
6781. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'He who takes control of any of the
affairs of people, and is just, opens his door to people, eradicates evil, and
examines the affairs of people, it becomes the right of Allah to save him
from fear on the Day of Judgment and make him enter Heaven.' “
Notes
1. 18/340/75 : jijrtijU.
2. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 75, p. 340, no. 18
677
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1895 - frj
1895. TYRANNICAL RULERS
j u j* jy>. y>\ -y \ aJTj aJp &\ [j~p &\ Jj'-’j .6782
jiDi
6782. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'Whoever takes up rule of any of the
affairs of the Muslims and deceives them then he is in Hell.' 2
3. ^-ip Jij (j ■» 'j±s~ aJp yp .6783
6783. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'A ferocious and brutal predator is better than
an oppressive and unjust ruler.' 4
\i^\ oNjji > : fsLJi aJp yp fi-vi .6784
6784. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The worst of rulers is he whom even the
innocent fear.' 6
7. cJi) iiAj 03W ^ :fsLJi aJp yip .6785
6785. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'He whose rule is oppressive, his government
will fall apart.' 8
Notes
1.40 / 176/3 : •
2. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 3, p. 176, no. 40
3. 5626 : j> .
4. Ghurar al Hikam, no. 5626
5. 5687 : r&u j> .
6. Ibid. no. 5687
7. 8365 : (XJ-i j> .
8. Ibid. no. 8365
678
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1896 - 4-J5 J JijJi J* L4 u
1896. WHAT IS OBLIGATORY FOR THE RULER WITH
REGARD TO HIMSELF
Jj iLJ lii : - uJ /05U ^ - ^slji aJp .6786
jiiji dJ\ j[± j3\ ls-\ i ?iU jiJl ju. ^ Sii t^4 u aJ-u^Ji
<^3l*2Ai ^Ajtji oil ^ dO) ^ iap ^ c
C-Ap" ji
L_i
6786. Imam Ali (AS), in his lettter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed
him governor of Egypt, said, 'Surely the virtuous are known by the
reputation that Allah circulates for them through the tongues of His
creatures. Threfore, the best collection with you should be the collection of
good deeds. So control your passions and deprive your heart from doing
what is not lawful for you, because depriving the heart means detaining it
just half way between what it likes and dislikes.' 2
i dX-Ai ^dJl i_k*2jlj ill i_k*2jl ! " Lpji - «uip ^js- ^l«s[i .6787
2. pllaJ ^)AaJ aJjls ‘ dd~Pj y* J** AE /jij i ddl&l ya\j>-
6787. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed
him governor of Egypt, said, 'Be just to Allah and do justice towards the
people, as against yourself, your near ones and those of your subjects for
whom you have a liking, because if you do not do so, you will be
oppressive.' 4
u sJihj t fiy liciy : - W - rsLJi Up yp ^i .6788
au^_aj y Ql uAll (3f?l y* d3A Oil i ^.(^^1 c
^ OI-^>-l ‘y*
6788. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed
him governor of Egypt, said, ’Beware of self-admiration, having reliance in
what appears good in yourself and love of exaggerated praise because this is
one of the most reliable opportunities for Satan to obliterate the good deeds
of the virtuous.’ 6
Notes
1.53
2. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 53
3.53
4. Ibid. Letter 53
5. 53 ! ippUt .
6. Ibid. Letter 53
679
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1897 - J J p
1897. THE MOST IMPORTANT THING A RULER NEEDS
IN HIS RULE
. jl biU y*J^> 4rip jyai 3^ ■ 4dp JEL*2jl >6789
■ 3tA3"'?’ ^LS~“ ^ llljy t y&\y*k* dEiS" 4J^Py g vlj »■?- oi cj^ki !
.Uil *»pLXj iS^“jy C -Cattily L5^ *y-U-l 4pIS[ | 3^ ^ ^•jXuaUbl Li L*y ■ 3^*
-Lflj (^yjtJ | ^d-P 4 3^ ■ *>y~*Aly y^-'jll (jL (J-Utib t L~P Clla L^Jl 3?
' . cAb Ij oyAy I
6789. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said: Imam Ali (AS) said to Umar b. al-
Khattab, ’There are three things which if you observe and act in accordance
with, they will suffice you in everything else, and if you abandon them,
nothing else will benefit you other than them.’ Umar asked, ’What are they
Abu al-Hasan?’ He (AS) said, ’The observance of penalties for the close and
the distant, ruling according to the Book of Allah, be it with acceptance or
discontentment, and to divide fairly between the black and the red.’ Umar
said, ’By my life, you have summarised and explained [everything].’ 2
AUL : - y^° ohiy l«J jCp“AS Aj US"" yA ~ Ajp ^Lp *6790
‘ (4-^' bjl_v? LjlIc*’ ^ Jlp c l c *up^1J
(. ^ C (j kLU 3^ j' c (j ^ LSJ ! ^
cS-bil ^4 dUtjfb^y iljjip jy ,^-g.kpli c liAUy -UAJl j .t-gj-bl Jp ^J^y ‘ 3^' (»-“
^ ^ xpi p j ^ Ji
t 41*4 ALip Jlyy t j4-*y* AbU t A^tjLLsy ojjip 4&I AhAA jl L^-
3 ! iWy Jy* Slly
6790. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed
him governor of Egypt, said, ’Habituate your heart to mercy for the subjects
and to affection and kindness for them. Do not stand over them like greedy
beasts who seeks to devour them, since they are of two kinds, either your
brother in religion or one like you in creation. They will commit slips and
encounter mistakes. They may act wrongly, wilfully or by neglect. So
extend to them your forgiveness and pardon, in the same way as you would
like Allah to extend His forgiveness and pardon to you, because you have
authority over them, and your responsible Commander (Imam) has authority
over you, while Allah has authority over he who has appointed you.’ 4
tL-J-l ^ySAiy _ - y&J* oh!y LU 4jLA" y* - ^bAAl 4*ip ^P- i6791
k Ori ■ c-P^i Ldyi L4^'y . 3-Util (3 L^AUy c jjAl A 1 ^ L dy 1 dX/i
A~S^\ y* -Cd I 1 ^pLdl JAjd 'C^Lkl Apr. .L d)y ( 4^?Lkl Ld^J
3fply c ^_*Lv2j^U ly t ij ^ 2Jyxp 3^3 1 s-Lc^Jl (j 2jyjp lS^
680
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-Lp l^A? (-JU l £_^).l -Up I^-Up liallj l r l bc-sj\ -Up (jSs— > ^Ij t i-»3l4-Sflj
aJ»L*J1 | ^.1-CpSU o-tAJlj J.1 ^l_^-j ^jj-dl iUp Lcjj ■ a^IAI ^v1 c jJkU_S!
^ dJlAj t j*i> ‘ AaY
6791. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed
him governor of Egypt, said, 'The way most coveted by you should be that
which is the most equitable for the truth, the most universal by way of
justice, and the most comprehensive with regard to the agreement among
those under you, because the disagreement among the common people
sweeps away the arguments of the chiefs while the disagreement among the
chiefs can be disregarded when compared to the agreement of the common
people. No one among those under you is more burdensome to the ruler in
the comfort of life, less helpful in distress, more disliking of equitable
treatment, more importunate in asking favours, least thankful when given,
least accepting of excuses when refused, and weakest in endurance at the
time of discomforts in life than the chiefs. It is the common people of the
community who are the pillars of religion, the power of the Muslims and the
defence against the enemies. Your leanings should therefore be towards
them and your inclination with them.' 6
, A_aL*jlj A^l^tlj (1)1 ll ^Ip r \ ^SE~Jl A-jp JEI-asJI l6792
A lip ^J^P dp^Ll S -CaJtJJ {. aA A Ip) (1)1— Jx^.1
(1)1— i A ^ li * c (a^xp)
6792. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, ’There are three things that are obligatory
for a governor, both towards the elite and the general public: rewarding the
good-doer with goodness so that he increases in his desire to perform it,
forgiving the sins of the wrongful so that he can repent and return from his
rebellion, and encompassing all people with goodness and fairness.’ 8
(See also: AMICABLENESS 139)
. «S(,lJiil» 139 jlyp (>il)
Notes
1. 547 / 227 / 6 : ^ .
2. al-Tahdhib, v. 6, p. 227, no. 547
3. 53 saUSUi : ap5Ui ^ .
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 53
5. 53-AxSdi
6. Ibid. Letter 53
7. 319 : .
8. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 319
681
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1898 - JliAIt J Js. U
1898. WHAT IS OBLIGATORY FOR THE RULER WHEN
EMPLOYING WORKERS
cy* t*~^3 4 cyt ■ “'lij 4*ip ait (_jU^ ail .6793
ail OU- ALs c L* ah ^AjI
6793. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Whoever employs a worker from a
group wherein someone else is more content with Allah than him [the
person he chose], then he has betrayed Allah, His Messenger and the
believers.’ 2
t dla. Lr^l ^Ja*JI \jjt> .uilj lj[ \ dTj 4-1p auI ail .6794
1 ■ 4-Ip tjAA" i*a>- 1 ^
6794. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’By Allah, we do not appoint for this
work someone who has asked for it, nor someone who is avidly eager for it.’
4
jj (ji^Ji -Up l ; - oyA j-*j - dTj 4-ip ^ii .6795
L^-J^pI t AA*a c-d£^ AhA Igi-kpl ld[ 2AA 4 o)L«hh c syp*'
5
LgJp d-CP I 4jh*^ ^uP
6795. The Prophet (SAWA) said to Abd al-Rahman b. Samura, 'O Abd
al-Rahman b. Samura, do not ask for authority, for if you were to be given it
by asking for it, then you will be entrusted with it to your own self [and held
accountable], and if you are given it without having asked for it, then you
will be helped with it.' 6
<j jiaJl p4 ! ■ J A2-? oAj U
jjAl yii. ja
»*A^hfl (j ^JLftJlj t 4-j-l yg. il
jiibU CaS” AA - ^bLJl 4-Ip ^Lp ^l.'yi ,6796
‘ Vy\5
ot_^l
obLs^ ^3 4 li A^>-l j ^ A -■I i c AiilAp j_^l
J*' *AUj $ir^l ■ ^AAj
7
A49
113.1
6796. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed
him governor of Egypt, said, ’Thereafter, look into the affairs of your
executives. Give them appointment after tests and do not appoint them
according to partiality or favouritism, because these two things constitute
the sources of injustice and unfairness. Select from among them those who
are people of experience and modesty, hailing from virtuous houses, having
preceded in [embracing] Islam.’ 8
jJLaJ ^ \ ~ j-A* o^j l-J ycibd 4jhS"" - ^SA-Jl 4-1p ^Lp ^LAfl ,6797
ytAl 3 ll&Aj ijts c |^-Jlp 5-liyJlj Jj-Wll I 0^1)1 AAjIj c .^AApI
,4-pjjb L 4iUhfl jAjd--l ^Lp'^jvX
682
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ii-Up a4p aJLA- cii °A ^ JAI Ot^ c
AjL^I Ip ajJA'j t ajJj j jJLijl aJp ■'" A ' c l-u&Li 2Ji-L> ci. . a v^Tl c 24> ^*p
**. a ^ jS A jLp aj_lUj t aJLALi apiP'jj t aJjJ.1 ^»Lajr Av.r^i v t aL^p
6797. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed
him governor of Egypt, said, ’Then you should check their activities and
have people report on them, who should be truthful and faithful, because
your watching their actions secretly will urge them to preserve trust with
and be kind to the people. Be careful of assistants. If any one of them
extends his hands towards misappropriation and the reports of your
reporters reaching you confirm it, they should be regarded as enough
evidence. You should then inflict corporal punishment on him and recover
what he has misappropriated. You should put him in a place of disgrace,
blacklist him with [the charge of] misappropriation and make him wear the
necklace of shame for his offence.' 12
Notes
l.. 1 / 179 / 3 .
2. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 3, p. 179, no. 1
3. 14 / 1456 / 3 ! j4~~» .
4. Sahih Muslim, v. 3, p. 1456, no. 14
5. 2929/ 130/3 : Jjjb .
6. Sunan Abi Dawud, no. 2929
7. 53 gj .
8. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 53
9. 301 / 13 ! s-’A' ^-“*0 jJ- 1 (_s4Jl ! ojiJt) .
10. 355 / 1 ! ajL^aJi) t-LiAl jYl jj> Ails jJjY jli- ‘lsTj-A? cji*4 ■ i3.5“'-sO
11. 53 abseil
12. Ibid. Letter 53
683
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1899 - fap
1899. TO NOT SECLUDE ONESELF [AWAY FROM
ONE'S SUBJECTS]
S5ij L»J u aAs- i6798
C j^SsJl C 4JJ.2 L« ^JlP 13 J -»-4^ Ij C
■■■ ^Ji^LjL) JjAl AjLJLjj C 1 t C jyd^2 Jl
6798. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed
him governor of Egypt, said, 'Do not keep yourself secluded from the people
for a long time, because the seclusion of those in authority from the subjects
is a kind of narrow-sightedness and causes ignorance about their affairs.
Seclusion from them also prevents them from the knowledge of those things
which they are unaware of and as a result they begin to regard big matters as
small and small matters as big, good matters as bad and bad matters as
good, while the truth becomes confused with falsehood.' 2
t j-lii 1 jjA fj ■* \r“\ ciy* (j-* ■ A-lt- -6799
‘LaLjLil J^aJj ij\ <U)I ^ip JJ-°I (3 C OjL^ ^
2. aIAI AE>--dj
6799. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Whoever takes up any of the affairs of
people and is just, opens his door, uncovers his veils, and fulfils the needs of
people, it will become the right of Allah to save him from fear on the Day of
Judgment and make him enter Heaven.' 4
Notes
1.53
2. Ibid. Letter 53
3. 165 / 2 ! .
4. Tanbih al-Khawatir,v. 2, p. 165
684
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1900 - JljJl op"j
1900. THE OBLIGATION UPON THE RULER TO GIVE
IMPORTANCE TO THE ABASED
iii Jr ... : - iSfj id Up yp josii .6800
C aLj>- (3^^^ 3* ^ ^
4JL>- i U . Jgjl>- 1 J C }^LxJj l_*Jl5 4 £ 3 1 1 0wL& (3 L)l$
...diJL* cL Lo-L*3
clWj'y c <Jl>-^Jl c O^ASl 4^j>eJuaj jyT ^4^ vlA*Jj l3 -LLajj
^jj 3i ^ t di-Jl ^ijLL c aIaljLI ^Jjfcl
3 am! 3i 3^3 ^ s_3Lv^->*y^ 3i ^p^jl 3"k Lis • oLiL
I <• £
„ 4^)1 4jL>- 4j^u
6800. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed
him governor of Egypt, said, ’[Fear] Allah and keep Allah in view with
respect to the lowest class, consisting of those who have few means: the
poor, the destitute, the penniless and the disabled; because in this class are
both the discontented and those who beg. Take care, for the sake of Allah,
of His obligations for which He has made you responsible. Fix for them a
share from the public treasury... Take care of the affairs of those of them
who do not approach you because they are of unsightly appearance or those
whom people regard as low. Appoint for them some trusted people who are
God-fearing and humble. They should inform you of these people's
conditions. Then deal with them with a sense of responsibility to Allah on
the Day you will meet Him, because of all the subjects, these people are the
most deserving of equitable treatment, while for others also you should
fulfil their rights so as to render account to Allah.' 2
AF* ! ~ Fa/ ~ ^5AAl aAp ^fp JASH .6801
p_^JP JjtjiJj C AAA- jj I 4W 4A I ySS C A Ip AAA t Ai-A^x-^1 4A ^Js
^ \ £ i^Ca dTASd ^ Ad AA? AA.(p-i Adj^pij A-uA
J_ a;.* A 1 1 -A- Jj A A I y* J>P A ^Ap 4^J 1 <Ui I (J
, $
.^joclA yA ^jA
3. ... A iAly <■ jv4-A Jr
6801. Imam Ali (AS), in his letter to Malik al-Ashtar when he appointed
him governor of Egypt, said, 'And fix a time for the plaintiffs wherein you
make yourself free for them, and sit for them in common audience and feel
humble therein for the sake of Allah Who created you. [On that occasion]
you should keep away your army and your assistants such as the guards and
685
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the police so that anyone who would like to speak may speak to you without
fear, because I have heard the Messenger of Allah (SAW A) say in more
than one place, 'The people among whom the right of the weak is not
secured from the strong without fear will never achieve purity.' Tolerate
their awkwardness and inability to speak. Keep away narrowness and
haughtiness from yourself...' 4
Notes
1. 53 .
2. Ibid. Letter 53
3. 53 gj .
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 53
686
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1901 - 4" ^aiUa?-
1901. THE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE FRIENDS OF
ALLAH
\ [dy& IjlsT jjJJI * Sfj y *$)
“Look! The friends of Allah will indeed have no fear nor will they
grieve . Those who have faith , and are Godwary. ” 2
isi uAji j*\j ji jU At iiJjt Si : f^LJi aJlp .6802
b« t ^-L)! b^_b>-b Ij1*_x^>Ij t L^aLI^ ^»>bJl jliJ
C ^ 1 b^-L* ^_A^lP ^ l_X^X^*» I I 1^ C ^ ^ Sj^w» 4j I 1 ^d_P b« b^-L* 1 ^ L ^ ^ X^C (3 1
C l^o-Lp c_^bS\Jl ^-Lp ! ^LJl L. t G ^1-CpI t lA
jjiU4 l* \iyf- '/j t j^4jj L. i^4"A jy_)j s Ij^U ajj
fli
6802. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The friends of Allah are those who look at the
inward aspect of the world while the other people look at its outer aspect;
they busy themselves with its remoter benefits while the other people busy
themselves in the immediate benefits. They kill those things which they fear
would have killed them, and they abandon here in this world what they
believe would abandon them. They take the amassing of wealth by others as
a small matter and regard it as a loss. They are enemies of those things
which others love while they love things which others hate. Through them
the Qur'an has been learnt and they have been given knowledge through the
Qur'an. With them the Qur'an is staying while they stand by the Qur'an.
They do not see any object of hope above what they hope in and no object
of fear above what they fear.' 4
iiM i. jy* 2j Li l i aTp .6803
jvi Sj Ljyi~ *y jjj-ill <5)1 iLiyl kifjJyl c oj^gis (j aJ 4 a^A- (j oj^gijj
5.
6803. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'O Abu Basir, blessed be the followers
[Shia] of our Awaited Saviour [Qaim] who wait for his appearance during
his occultation, and obey him when he reappears. They are the friends of
Allah who indeed have no fear nor will they grieve.' 6
.1867 sA ! L. 190 A !
(See also: faith ,secton 190, Godwariness section 1867)
Notes
1. 63 t 62 : .
2. Quran 1062,63i
687
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3. 432 ut 0® .
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 432
5. 54 / 357 : Jur .
6. Kamal al-Din, p. 357, no. 54
688
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416 -
416. SUSPICION
1902 -
1902. WARNING AGAINST SUSPICION
01$ i iiii su-T ^ji\ «£\ lii : Up ^l.vi .6804
^ , ^li.1 (3 cpUjJ
6804. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'When a believer suspects his fellow
brother, his faith disappears from his heart like salt disappears in water.' 2
2 . t <4 u. ji- APji (j oU-i jy> ; aAp- *6805
6805. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'He who suspects the religion of his
brother removes the covenant between them.’ 4
Notes
1.1/ 361 / 2 : jiSU.
2. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 361, no. 1
3.2/361 12 : jisdt.
4. Ibid. no. 2
689
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1903 - ^
1903. PROHIBITION OF PLACING ONESELF IN
SUSPECT CIRCUMSTANCES
<u_gjJLi (J,jl . aJTj Up a\)I y.*2 4^ J ,6806
6806. The Prophet (SAWA) said, The person most deserving of
suspicion is he who sits with suspect people.’ 2
Su ( iyJl AJ &\y3 iiGI : yLJl Up ^Lp .6807
6807. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Stay away from places of suspicion and
suspect gatherings, for an evil friend seduces his companion.’ 4
«UI jj> yyL uys Uujj Us) U ! ^SUJl Up yp ,6808
5- *
6808. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’A man who places himself in a suspect
situation must not blame those who suspect him.’ 6
7.*ii j/ji jyu yu u : yiu u yp .6809
6809. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’A man who enters suspect places will be
suspected.’ 8
.1211 i-ph ! yu (y^i)
(See also: suspicion: 1211 )
Notes
1. 41 / 73 ! ijjPUJ jLAt .
2. Amali al-Saduq, p. 28, no. 4
3. 2 / 90 / 75 : .
4. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 75, p. 90, no. 2
5. 4 / 90 / 75 : .
6. Ibid. no. 4
7.8/91/75 : jiySli
8. Ibid. p. 91, no. 8
690
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417 - j-Ui
417. DESPAIR
1904 - fa
1904. THE REPROACHING OF DESPAIR
4JL* LaIIpJj ^ L_. jti-jhfl liisil
“If We let man taste a mercy from Us, and then withdraw it from him,
he becomes despondent, ungrateful. ” 2
3. jLcjji j^apl : ^slji Up y* fi-v i .6810
6810. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The greatest of afflictions is cutting off
hope.'4
-hjpjLii ^j£s i aUp y. s- .6811
6811. Imam Ali (AS) said. 'Dispair destroys who he is hopeless.
? 6
Notes
1.11- 9 ! py* .
2. Quran 1 19 !
3. 2860 : pSU-l j> .
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 2860
5. 6731 ! (UU-I jj- .
6. Ghurar al-Hikam, 673 1
691
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1905 - J \£ yui 61/
1905. THE FRUITS OF DESPAIR IN OBTAINING WHAT
BELONGS TO OTHERS
1 (j L<Lp ytai ^ i j«ji : f^LJi Up yip fL.y -6812
6812. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The greatest wealth is despair of obtaining
what belongs to others.' 2
(j La y LU-I 2AA (j L« .Ab- | aJp yp ^La^jl .6813
2. ^bJl yi i_2Ljl y>- c iyp
6813. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Protecting your own possessions is more
beloved to me than asking for what others possess, and the bitterness of
despair is better than asking from people.' 4
~ (3 Jp ^aLjl (3 & ytoi : yiui aJp ^La^fi .6814
6814. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Despair of what other people possess is
dignity for the believer in his religion.' 6
.1292 <_a ! oj*Ji ‘ 908 <~a ! (2) JijUi (yu)
(See also: ASKING (2): section 908; HONOUR: section 1292)
Notes
1. 342 iajSJ-i : apsl)i 0* .
2. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 342
3.31
4. Ibid. Letter 3 1
5. 5/314/6i i^iJi Jj Aj •
6. Wasa'il al-Shia, v. 6, p. 314, no. 5
692
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418 - ,^1
418. THE ORPHAN
1906 - fbAi Js,
1906. ENJOINMENT OF LOOKING AFTER ORPHANS
awI V] JlL. 6-iAl ^^3)
* . (jjASTx-JiJlJ
“And when We took a pledge from the Children of Israel: Worship no
one but Allah, do good to parents, relatives, orphans, and the needy. ” 2
.3 t 2 ! 18 t 17 ! 220j 177 ! s (j^O
(See also: Quran:2: 177,220, 89:17-18, 107:2-3)
aSii ij ^ ■ ^1? aJp (_ Aii .6815
2 * ~ aj^AJL jLilj “
6815. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'I and the guardian of an orphan will
both be like this in Heaven, if he is wary of his duty to Allah' - raising and
joining his index and middle fingers. 4
c j\s , lk (Jill! \j\> a3[-I a 0] ■ aJTj aAp awI .6816
5. cff Cr"
6816. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'There is a house in Heaven called the
House of Happiness, which none shall enter except those who have made
the orphans of the believers happy.' 6
ji f.
■ “ A_J3 > -j] “ aJ A^Lp aJ3 1 aA)I i6817
I (. dJLxb Ij C ■ -jj , ? c
7 ✓ , ✓ . ^
• lij-bj
6817. The Prophet (SAWA) said to a person complaining about his
hardheartedness, 'Do you want your heart to become soft and acquire your
needs? - have mercy on an orphan, stroke his head and feed him from your
food, and your heart will become soft and you will achieve your needs.' 8
t j aS)I auI ! ■ aAa’JiJ - aJp yp .6818
, aJ Adp aU I AW I 3 Ujb C ^ 'j - ^ £ (a * • y2J C 1 ^ ^ I 1
<JL« 1 aI^-1 ijJJjj aJ aJ^ L»^jo 3^
10. jlSJi
6818. Imam Ali (AS), in his will before his martyrdom said, 'By Allah,
by Allah, [pay attention] to orphans. Do not be inconsistent with feeding
693
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them, coming one day and abandoning them the next, and do not deprive
them of your presence, as I have heard the Prophet (SAW A) say, 'Whoever
elevates an orphan until he becomes free from need, Allah will make it
incumbent for him to enter Heaven just as He has made Hellfire incumbent
for the consumer of the property of the orphan.' 11
Notes
l . 83 ! o a/' •
2. Quran 283 !
3. 23 / 597 / 5 : J 2j .
4. Nur al-Thaqalayn, v. 5, p. 597, no. 23
5. 6008 : juuJi .
6. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 6008
7. 14 / 349 / 3 : ■
8. al-Targhib wa al-Tarhib, v. 3, p. 349, no. 14
9. (109 / 1 !
jtyS jJl 1 ap*)U1
* .u > \ \
to.7/51 / 7 : jiSA
1 1. al-Kafi, v. 7, p. 51, no. 7
694
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1907 - Ju
1907. THE CONSUMPTION OF THE PROPERTY OF THE
ORPHANS
oj. 1 J,li Lj£ fsi f 0*15"" b li) LAh ^*1x21 (Jl*i 0*15L ^ASl 4))
“ Indeed those who consume the property of orphans wrongfully, only
ingest fire into their bellies, and soon they will enter the Blaze. ” 2
.34 : 152 ! 6 t 2 !
(See also: Qur'an 4:2, 4:6, 6:152, 17:34)
3. Life pdi jb> ^rl jrui > : dTj Up &\ jl* &\ j*^ .6819
6819. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'The most evil of food is the wrongful
consumption of the property of the orphans.' 4
‘VaLJlil ^jj ■ dTj aAp 4il 4^ <J**) .6820
, ,,^*1411 31*4 jjis^ij ^jji i ju c Aiii 9 ■ 4 34^ t
6820. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 'On Judgment Day some people will be
resurrected from their graves with fire enflaming from their mouths.' The
Prophet was asked, 'O Messenger of Allah, who are they?' He said, 'Those
who consume the property of orphans...' 6
3 UA Q5"" \ Al ! “ L A2A- f ~ L^Ap WAli .6821
2 . jAAJl ^y> OjA) ^bAl
6821. Fatima al-Zahra (AS), in one of her sermons said, ’Allah has made
it incumbent to disassociate oneself from the consumption of the property of
orphans in order to protect against oppression.' 8
Notes
1. 10 : A~Ji .
2. Quran 4 1 0 !
3.788/577 : <3*1*11 31A1.
4. Amali al-Saduq, p. 395, no. 1
5. 47 / 225 / 1 !
6. Tafsir al-Ayyashi, v. 1, p. 225, no. 47
7. 7 / 268 / 79 : j .
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 79, p. 268, no. 7
695
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419 -
419. CONVICTION
1908 - jjtis juai
1908. THE VIRTUE OF CONVICTION
i
I < ,
lib b
Hi ijj^b
“And among them We appointed imans who guide [the people] by Our
command, when they had conviction in Our signs. ” 2
3. i_JjLii (j j^iii u jH- ; aJTj aJp ^ J .68 22
6822. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'The best of what has been placed in
the heart is conviction.’ 4
: rsLJi Hp ^Ip .6823
t AAj.2 ijH (. tjUdl (3 idba C Adbtil AbjcJl ^jiU Ols $
, ACyij b.P yy
6823. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'O people! Ask Allah for conviction and seek
good health from him, for the greatest of blessings is good health and the
best thing that can reside in the heart is conviction. A cheated man is he who
has been cheated of his religion and an enviable person is he whose
conviction is envied.' 6
! yUdl 2 UU oShu l&pf u : rbLJi h *Jip \\j^\ .6824
6824. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'How great is the prosperity of one whose
heart is blessed with the coolness of conviction.’ 8
di ubtii Sb aUp ^ba'yi .6825
6825. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'With conviction the ultimate goal can be
reached.' 10
n. yUdi ip 5/j jol j* : fbLJi Up ^1p ’^\ .6826
6826. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The strength of one's conviction is
proportionate to the extent of one's faith.' 12
13. jbrhh iLy jUd! : rWJ! aJp *Jip fb.^1 .6827
6827. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Conviction is the pillar of faith.' 14
15. Uii <3 *jp~ jUj ls1p aJp ■/Ip ^Lahfl .6828
6828. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Sleeping with conviction is better than
praying with doubt.’ 16
17. yUd! ja ^ald! Hp jiUl .6829
6829. Imam al-Baqir (AS) said, 'There is nothing least divided among
1 8
people than conviction.'
696
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oydi 5ij t £L.)ii u* 5-^' 6u.V' 5] : <4* (SiWi fL.^1 .6830
l9- ^ 3^' csi P? ‘ ^-V* a-? dp25'
6830. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Faith is better than submission [islam]
and conviction is better than faith, and there is nothing more honourable
than conviction.' 20
*Sll -Up QyqJl Jp illjJl 01 aJp JClOOJl ^L»0ll .6831
“*■ 0>A J-«dl Or?
6831. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Continuous but small actions
[performed] with conviction are better in the sight of Allah than numerous
22
actions without conviction.'
.1058 l— A ■ dJ-OjI (jJijl)
(See also doubt section 1058)
Notes
1. 24 ! o.u>*— 0 .
2. Quran 3324:
3. 788 / 576 : Oj-uOJ guS/i .
4. Amali al-Saduq, p. 395, no. 1
5. 33 / 176/70:^1 jU.
6. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 70, p. 176, no. 33
7. 9556 :^c>.
8. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 9556
9. 157 Uki-I : .
10. Nahj al-Balagha, Sermon 157
11. 6184 : jdC-t j> .
12. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 6184
13. 398 : fidu j> .
14. Ibid. no. 398
15. 9958 : r<Al .
16. Ibid. no. 9958
17. 5 / 52 / 2 : jisd .
18. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 52, no. 5
19. 1 / 51 12 : jisdi.
20. Ibid. v. 2, p. 51. no. 1
21. 3 / 57 / 2 : jisdi .
22. Ibid. v. 2, p. 57, no. 3
697
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1909 -
1909. CERTAIN KNOWLEDGE
f ^ CjA~ f ^ Ojjyd ^ QdkJl ^-Ip j j2-Uj jJ fS' )
“No indeed! Were you to know with certain knowledge, you would
surely see hell. Again, you will surely see it with the eye of certainty. Then,
that day, you will surely be questioned concerning the blessing. ” 2
“Thus did We show Abraham the dominions of the heavens and the
earth, that he might be of those who possess certitude. ” 4
'•••y- JL^2j>- cJfj \ iiil .aJTj aJp Aiil alii Jj—’j <6832
5. . . .jv4 ^ 'M ( J&-- cjuf
6832. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Allah Almighty says, ’There are three
things that I have concealed from My servants such that if a person was to
see them, they would never do bad: if I was to uncover My veil and they
were to see Me such that they had conviction, and if they were to know
what I do with My creation when I make them die...’ 6
Notes
i.8- 5 : yishji .
2. Quran 1028- 5:
3.75 : fi*Ai .
4. Quran 675:
5.29858 : Judi^.
6. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 29858
698
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1910 - jyaJ' jwjsj"
1910. INTERPRETATION OF CERTAINTY
i j a4p am' j “ .6833
a1)' a1)' J Jli . JJLi IjJ-i Ljiajc ^ 4jJj£ JJJ[ ,_<dAj' JWj JijLj a1)' j[ 4 a1)'
! c^U “ Jli O' ^J] " ac* ! Jli ? ! *— As ■ 2Tj aAp
AJjj jJjd 4'j 4 oJj iil' Oli All' iSji i Oli c oJj AilS" a!1 J-0*j Jjis^J.' ! J li? (jdij'
JSjJ' Ql ^2S- ' aIS" 'Ojsij t a:../oJ ^jSo ^ olA>-' L> O'j 4 aIU a. J ^ ajL^4 G O'
1 l,,,
, -U&JJ' aO-j-IO.
6833. The Archangel Gabriel (AS), coming down to the Prophet
(SAWA) said, ’O Messenger of Allah, Allah Almighty sent me to you with a
gift which He has not given to anyone before you. The Prophet (SAWA)
said, I asked him, 'And what is it?' He said, 'Patience, and something better
than that... until he said, 'I asked, 'So what is the interpretation of
conviction?' Gabriel said, 'A person of conviction acts for Allah as if he sees
Him, and even though he cannot see Allah, Allah can see him; and it is to
know with conviction that whatever afflicts him would not have missed
him, and whatever has missed him would not have afflicted him. These are
all branches of complete trust [in Allah] and the steps to asceticism.' 2
1jdL)'j 4 ijdLJ' j-* 4 aAp ("^1p ^G*J' .6834
J^*J' t'-ihl'j 4 t'ih!' JlpVb 4 J-* jH-AaA'j 4 Jjj-CvsJ'
6834. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Islam is submission, submission is
conviction, conviction is attestation [to the truth], and attestation is
testifying, and testifying is fulfilment [of one’s obligations], and fulfilment
is action.’ 4
Notes
1.4/20/77 ohA'jW.
2. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 77, p. 20, no. 4
3. 125 s^SG-i ; ap">Ui £ .
4. Nahj al-Balagha, Saying 125
699
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1911 - jjk
1911. THE SIGNS OF A PERSON OF CONVICTION
ili UL>- aSiLi ‘*-**-^' LSI ■ a1Tj aAp 21)1 4^ Jy— *6835
s
•y t / « .22 ✓ . * £ >*.22 . •y t ^ s
jb ^JLlj C «*/2 All s_^b>t£ Ootji Ob J^JL> lj c Jp*- OjJ*i c)b Ij c 4j
AaWAI <1)Lj tyiLlj ^ L^C« oUAJ A^jA. j g 1-3 3 J^>- juJI OL) ^yiLly ^ Lg-Jj JLAU J^i>- AJj>~\
1
6835. The Prophet (SAW A) said, 'There are six signs of a person of
conviction: he has truly attained conviction in Allah and believed in Him, he
is convinced that death is true and he is wary of it, he is convinced that
Resurrection is true and he fears shame , he is convinced that Heaven is true
and he longs for it, he is convinced that Hell is true and his endeavour is
apparent in his wanting to be saved from it, he is convinced that the Account
is true and so he takes account of himself.’ 2
ji
j^aji c j-»s!i (jy^ (_5^ J-aLj ! aAp ^js- ^i*h/i .6836
2, LjjJI jjspij t
6836. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Conviction can be proved by the shortening
of one's expectations, sincerity in one's actions, and abstention from
worldliness.' 4
t chjdi jjSs— jj t ijjij jj Aji j^jli /y> i aAc- y. s- ^L.*yi .6837
c °i Lj y>- OLS"- c L. JJLiajj l AiA- LLs c ajA^jj
5. J-Ad' Jy^j
6837. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Whoever has conviction in that he will depart
from his loved ones, will dwell in the earth, be faced with the Account, be in
no need for what he has left behind but be in need of what he has sent forth,
is worthy of having short expectations and lengthy deeds.’ 6
a^a^LjA o\jj AjL>*^^ aA A J/aA \ aAp ^Lp ^Ghfl .6838
2 , ^IsLjl OyA A lA>- JJL$
6838. Imam Ali (AS) said, ’Whoever has conviction that Allah sees him
while he continues to commit sins, then he has considered Him the most
insignificant of onlookers.’ 8
.1867 <— a ! c£yA ii <•. 194 <— a ! oLchh (jAji)
(See also faith section 194, Godwariness section 1867)
Notes
1. 20 ! JyA' .
2. Tuhaf al-Uqul, p. 20
700
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3. 10970 : ^ j> .
4. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 10970
5.31 / 167/73 :
6. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 73, p. 167, no. 31
7. 98 / 92 / 78 : .
8. Ibid. v. 78, p. 82, no. 98
701
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1912 - u
1912. WHAT CORRUPTS CONVICTION
\ ^ liiii Up ^Lp fi.^1 .6839
6839. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Doubt and being overcome by one's desires
corrupts conviction.’ 2
3. jjjJl j jasLt :rbLJ! Up ^Ip ^iaji .6840
6840. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Disputing about religion corrupts conviction.'
4
UiuJl pUi UUa- ! ^bUUl 4Up i^lp .6841
6841. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Associating with worldly people defames
religion and weakens conviction.' 6
! jUUa^- Uijlj ,jULv2A ! ^bUUl aJp (jillUJl .6842
2, (jUlil uJijali > J>- * c JjLali apLUJI
6842. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'A greedy person has been deprived of
two things, as a result of which he lacks two more things: he is deprived of
contentment and so he lacks comfort, and he is deprived of satisfaction and
so he lacks conviction.’ N
.1059 s-A ' UluJl (jJui)
(See also: DOUBT: section 1059)
Notes
1.11011 : r&u j>.
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 11011
3. 1177 ! (UU-I J7p .
4. Ibid. no. 1177
5. 5072 : r&-\ .
6. Ibid. no. 5072
7.6/161/73 : jijAijW.
8. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 73, v. 161, p. 6
702
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1913 - ji&J'
1913. WEAKNESS OF CONVICTION
(jOH A_iL>-! La \ aJTj aU if- Alii ,_jUa? Ail I J ys “J i6843
6843. The Prophet (SAWA) said, 1 do not fear for my community
anything other than weakness of conviction.' 2
^.Ljl ^*5 Jj O' J^a 01 ■ aJTj aulp All! ^La? Alii tj l6844
Ail I OJjJj 1 La ^!p jv4-a-i^ 01 J t J,L*j Ail I JSjj Jp ,*-Aj_0£ O' J C (_}L*J Ail!
6844. The Prophet (SAWA) said, ’Weakness of conviction is that you
satisfy people by displeasing Allah Almighty, and that you praise them for
the sustenance that Allah Almighty has given you, and you blame them for
what Allah has not given you.’ 4
Notes
t.7332 : judi
2. Kanz al-Ummal, no. 7332
3.30/ 185/77 : jijAi m.
4. Bihar al- Anwar, v. 77, p. 185, p. 30
703
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1914 - or&Jt oly:
1914. THE FRUIT OF CONVICTION
4jL P t ydilil Ajlp I^5C<Jl 44p ^Lp .6845
6845. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The peak of conviction is sincerity, and the
goal of sincerity is salvation.' 2
2. A AyJti J~ ^ (_5^ aaj aJp yip .6846
6846. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'The abstention of a person from all that is
perishable is in proportion of his conviction in all that is eternal.' 4
8. (j>^ yp .6847
6847. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'Trust [in Allah] is from the strength of
conviction.’ 6
7. 0yZi\ >jZA :rbLJl Up iaUflJl fl.^1 .6848
6848. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Patience is from conviction.’ 8
\ (jdhll ol>-jS ypl ^ f\ yg oil ejj^jC Ui>y!l Up JSilXail .6849
6849. Imam al-Sadiq (AS) said, 'Satisfaction with unpleasant decree is
one of the highest levels of conviction.' 10
Notes
1. 6348 j 6347
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 6347-6348
3. 5488 : r<Ui .
4. Ibid. no. 5488
5. 699 : yUi j> .
6. Ibid. no. 699
7.58/56 ; olAjL* .
8. Mishkat al-Anwar, p. 20
9.60/ 152/71 : y^i .
10. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 71. p. 152, no. 60
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1915 - Sbijt
1915. INCREASING CONVICTION
\ Li; AoSji i. tUajJi JlL" j Up ^Lp .6850
6850. Imam Ali (AS) said, 'If the veils were to be uncovered for me my
conviction would not increase.' 2
b Ubb &\ slp IjIaU; <Jp pp .6851
2. Lpjt C™aj \ji Ayj c U-j5j IjiUjj
6851. Imam al-Kazim (AS) said, 'O servants of Allah, make use of His
blessings by reforming your selves and your conviction will increase, and
you will gain something precious and valuable.' 4
jis J p) : iii 'jzL L - fsLJi aUp l^ji fi-vi .6852
Aii i sijt aLJj t (jus jp jis" c *y \ - yds j ois”) yuigd
f*. Amj2J (j OibJJl
6852. Imam al-Rida (AS), when asked about Allah's saying to Abraham:
“He said, 'Do you not believe?' He said, 'Yes indeed, but in order that my
heart may be at rest ”, and whether there was a doubt in his heart, said, 'No,
he had conviction, but he wanted Allah to increase his conviction.’ 7
.178 pjii ! (^Jui)
(See also: FAITH: section 178)
as-adi JuL i oic^li ybA p} ‘ <Jb ilL
oJL~. isSj (j “bLLl plyiJl JjdJlj 1 AjLsjjj aSi! i—jbLjl ^
-Utj AjCjcjI (3 bg-dp A^dsli
, aJTj b-bd. Jp t (p-T J Sljl aS) t oy>Asl i_iLl
O Allah, bless Muhammad and the family of Muhammad. Raise my faith
to reach the most perfect faith and make my conviction to be the most
excellent of convictions. And accept from me, O Changer of bad deeds to
good deeds, O most Merciful of the merciful.
By the grace of Allah, the compiling of this book Muntakhab Mizan al-
Hikma finished on the blessed occasion of the birth anniversary of Fatima
al-Zahra (AS): the twentieth of Jumadi al-Thani, 1429/24th of June 2008.
Praise be to Allah, and salutations be to our Master Muhammad and his
Progeny. Wassalam.
705
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Notes
1.7569 : j>.
2. Ghurar al-Hikam, no. 7569
3. 1 / 268 / 2 : .
4. al-Kafi, v. 2, p. 268, no. 1
5.260 : SylJl ■
6. 34 / 176 / 70 : 7^1 .
7. Bihar al-Anwar, v. 79, p. 176, no. 34
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